CN109612923B - Liquid experimental instrument with different rotation modes based on imaging system and use method - Google Patents
Liquid experimental instrument with different rotation modes based on imaging system and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109612923B CN109612923B CN201811522949.2A CN201811522949A CN109612923B CN 109612923 B CN109612923 B CN 109612923B CN 201811522949 A CN201811522949 A CN 201811522949A CN 109612923 B CN109612923 B CN 109612923B
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Abstract
A liquid experimental instrument based on an imaging system and with different rotation modes comprises a container rotating device, a center rotating device and the imaging system. The container rotating device consists of a control panel of a rotating instrument, a rotating container and a rotating mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism is provided with an adjustable support and can fix the rotating containers with different sizes; the central rotating device consists of a magnetic rotator, a magnetic rotor and a magnetic rotator container; the imaging system consists of a central control console, an optical signal transmitting screen, an optical signal receiving screen and a processor display screen, and can enable the rotating liquid patterns of the container rotating device and the central rotating device to be directly displayed in the processor display screen. The invention is a liquid imaging experimental instrument which integrates mechanics, electricity and optics into a whole and can probe the relation between liquid level change and wall slope and rotating speed and measure the gravity acceleration under different rotating modes, and can visually and accurately display graphs under two different modes of container rotation and central rotation in an imaging system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rotary liquid experiments, and particularly relates to a liquid experiment instrument based on an imaging system and different rotary modes and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, the device for exploring the characteristics of the rotating liquid only utilizes the rotation of the outer wall of the container to drive the inner liquid to rotate, the gravity acceleration is measured by a height difference method through a paraboloid of revolution formed by the rotating liquid, the rotation mode is single, and the device does not consider the influence of the size, the slope of the wall, the rotating speed and the like of the rotating container on the liquid level change. In addition, the error is large because the experimental data is directly read only by naked eyes, and the graph obtained by the experiment is not visually represented by an experimental instrument and the experimental result is accurately recorded, so that the characteristic of the rotary liquid cannot be qualitatively analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the liquid experiment instrument based on the imaging system and the use method thereof in different rotation modes.
The invention aims to provide a liquid experimental instrument based on different rotation modes of an imaging system, which consists of a container rotating device, a central rotating device and the imaging system. The container rotating device consists of a rotating instrument control panel, a rotating container and a rotating mechanism; the control panel of the rotating instrument is provided with a rotating instrument power switch, a rotating instrument speed regulating knob, a forward and backward steering regulating knob and a rotating instrument rotating speed display screen; the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a turntable and a bearing; the rotating mechanism can realize steering and rotating speed regulation under the action of a control panel of the gyroscope; the turntable is provided with an adjustable fixed support which can be used for fixing rotary containers with different sizes and shapes. The central rotating device consists of a magnetic rotator, a magnetic rotor and a cylindrical container; the magnetic rotator is provided with a magnetic rotator power switch, a magnetic rotator speed regulation knob and a heating knob; the magnetic rotor is placed in the cylindrical container and rotates under the control of the magnetic rotator. The imaging system consists of a central console, a processor display screen, a first optical signal receiving screen, a first optical signal transmitting screen, a second optical signal transmitting screen and a second optical signal receiving screen; the first optical signal receiving screen and the first optical signal transmitting screen are arranged on two sides of the container rotating device; the second optical signal transmitting screen and the second optical signal receiving screen are arranged on two sides of the central rotating device.
Furthermore, the side wall of the rotating container is provided with scales, the center of the bottom of the rotating container is provided with a marking rod with scales, and the slope of the wall of the rotating container can be selected.
Furthermore, the central console controls the optical signal emitting screen to emit optical signals, the optical signals are received by the optical signal receiving screen after passing through the rotating liquid, the optical signals are converted into electric signals and transmitted to the central console, the central console processes the electric signals into digital signals, and experimental images are displayed on the display screen of the processor.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for using the liquid experiment instrument based on different rotation modes of the imaging system, wherein the method for using the container rotation device comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly adopting a straight cylinder wall rotating container with the radius of R, adding liquid with the initial liquid level of H, and adjusting to the initial rotating speed omega set by an experiment to enable the liquid to rotate stably at a constant speed;
step (ii) of2, after the liquid level is stable, recording the highest liquid level h at the moment1And a minimum liquid level h2And calculating the height H of the rise compared to the initial levelS＝h1-H and depth of descent HJ＝H-h2Comparison HSAnd HJThe quantitative relationship between them;
step 4, selecting different initial liquid levels to repeat the operations of the steps 1, 2 and 3;
and 5, replacing the rotary containers with different cylinder wall slopes k, and repeating the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Further, the use method of the central rotating device of the liquid experiment instrument based on different rotating modes of the imaging system comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding a proper amount of liquid with the depth of H into a container of a magnetic rotator, and adjusting the magnetic rotator to an initial rotating speed omega set by an experiment to enable a magnetic rotor to rotate at the center of the bottom of the container of the magnetic rotator so as to drive the liquid to rotate;
step 2, measuring the highest liquid level h at the moment1And a minimum liquid level h2And calculating the height H of the liquid level rising from the initial liquid levelS＝h1-H and depth of descent HJ＝H-h2Comparison HSAnd HJThe relationship between;
step 4, selecting different initial liquid levels to repeat the operations of the steps 1, 2 and 3;
and 5, changing the size and the shape of the container of the magnetic rotator, and repeating the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Further, the experimental rotating speed range of the container rotating device is 0-1200 rpm; the experimental rotating speed range of the central rotating device is 0-2000 rpm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the container rotating device and the imaging system are combined, on the basis that the graph formed by liquid rotation is known to be a parabola, the critical value of liquid level change when the wall slope k is greater than 0 can be explored, and the conclusion that the equilibrium liquid level is a paraboloid can also be verified through the graph formed by the imaging system; (2) the liquid center rotating device and the imaging system are combined, so that specific and clear graphs formed by the rotation of the liquid center can be analyzed, the specific shapes of the graphs can be explored, and the influence factors and the change rules of the shapes of the graphs can be researched through a large number of experiments; (3) the experiment carried out by the device of the invention is based on the imaging system, has high flexibility, and can accurately and qualitatively research the liquid rotation pattern in two modes, except considering the influence factors of the device, such as: the slope, inner diameter, initial liquid level, etc. can also be qualitatively analyzed by combining with the factors such as liquid property, etc. to obtain the universal rule.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a signal conversion flow of the imaging system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotating container with different slopes of the wall, wherein (a) is a schematic view of a straight wall and (b) is a schematic view of a sloped wall.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a simulated liquid level shape of the container rotating device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the simulated liquid surface shape of the center rotating device.
Wherein: 1-a gyroscope control panel; 2.1-a power switch of the gyroscope; 2.2-speed knob of the gyroscope; 2.3-forward and reverse direction switch; 3-rotating speed display screen of the gyroscope; 4-rotating the container; 4.1-marker post; 5-adjustable fixed support; 6, rotating a disc; 7-a bearing; 8-a magnetic rotator; 9.1-magnetic force revolver power switch; 9.2-speed regulating knob of magnetic rotary instrument; 9.3-heating knob; 10-a rotating speed display screen of the magnetic rotation instrument; 11-a magnetic rotator vessel; 12-a magnetic rotor; 13-a fixed base; 14-a central console; 15-processor display screen; 16-a first optical signal receiving screen; 17-a first optical signal emitting screen; 18-a second optical signal emitting screen; 19-second optical signal receiving screen.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 1, the rotary liquid imaging experimental instrument of the present invention comprises three parts: container rotating device, center rotating device, imaging system.
The container rotating device comprises a rotator control panel 1, a rotator power switch 2.1, a rotator speed regulating knob 2.2, a clockwise and anticlockwise steering regulating knob 2.3 and a rotator rotating speed display screen 3 are arranged on the rotator control panel 1, a turntable 6 above the rotator control panel 1 is connected with a bearing 7, and a motor can drive the bearing 7 to rotate under the regulation of the rotator control panel 1, so that the turntable 6 can rotate stably, the rotating speed and the steering can be regulated by the speed regulating knob 2.2 and the clockwise and anticlockwise steering regulating knob 2.3, and the rotating speed omega can be displayed on the rotator rotating speed display screen 3. The turntable 6 is provided with an adjustable fixed support 5 which can be used for fixing rotary containers 4 with different sizes and shapes; the side wall of the rotating container 4 is provided with scales, the center of the bottom of the rotating container is provided with a scale mark rod 4.1 with scales, and the slope of the wall of the rotating container is selectable.
The central rotating device comprises a magnetic rotator 8, a magnetic rotator power switch 9.1, a magnetic rotator speed regulation knob 9.2 and a heating knob 9.3 are arranged on the magnetic rotator 8, a fixing base 13 is fixed above the magnetic rotator 8, a magnetic rotator container 11 with scales on the side wall is arranged above the fixing base 13, and a magnetic rotor 12 in the magnetic rotator container 11 can rotate under the control of the magnetic rotator.
In the imaging system, the central console 14 controls the first optical signal transmitting screen 17 and the second optical signal transmitting screen 18 to transmit optical signals, the transmitted optical signals are respectively transmitted to the first optical signal receiving screen 16 and the second optical signal receiving screen 19 after passing through the rotating liquid, and then the first optical signal receiving screen 16 and the second optical signal receiving screen 19 transmit the signals to the central console, so that experimental images can be clearly and visually displayed on the processor display screen 15 through the central console 14.
As shown in fig. 2, the central console 14 controls the optical signal emitting screen to emit an optical signal, the optical signal is received by the optical signal receiving screen after passing through the rotating liquid, and the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the central console 14, the central console 14 processes the electrical signal into a digital signal, and the experimental image is displayed on the processor display screen 15.
In the container rotating device, as shown in fig. 3, the relationship between the slope k of the cylinder wall, the angular velocity ω, the initial depth H of the liquid level, the liquid level change and the like can be explored by changing the size of the rotating container 4 and the slope of the cylinder wall, and the experimental steps are as follows:
step 1, firstly, a rotating container 4 (a straight cylinder wall, the slope k is infinity) with the radius of R is adopted, liquid with the initial liquid level of H is added, and the initial rotating speed omega set by an experiment is adjusted to enable the liquid to rotate stably at a constant speed;
step 2, after the liquid level is stable, as shown in figure 4, recording the highest liquid level h at the moment1And a minimum liquid level h2And calculating the height H of the rise compared to the initial levelS＝h1-H and depth of descent HJ＝H-h2Comparison HSAnd HJThe quantitative relationship between them;
step 4, selecting different initial liquid levels to repeat the operations of the steps 1, 2 and 3;
and 5, replacing the rotary container 4 with a cylinder wall with different slopes k, and repeating the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4.
The container rotating device is used for researching the relation between the slope k of the cylinder wall and other parameters, belongs to an open experiment, is simple to operate, has obvious rules, and focuses on cultivating the ability of students to think manually.
In the central rotating device, a magnetic rotator container 11 is placed on a fixed base 13, a magnetic rotor 12 is placed in the magnetic rotator container 11, liquid with an initial liquid level of H is added into the magnetic rotator container 11, and the magnetic rotator 8 is adjusted to an initial rotating speed omega set by an experiment, so that the magnetic rotator 12 rotates at the center of the magnetic rotator container 11. The shape of the rotating liquid surface as shown in FIG. 5 can also be observed, and the highest level h of the liquid at that time is measured1And a minimum liquid level h2And calculating the height H of the liquid level rising from the initial liquid levelS＝h1-H and depth of descent HJ＝H-h2Comparison HSAnd HJIn betweenThe relationship discusses the quantitative relationship between the rotational speed and the level change. The initial level of the liquid and the dimensions of the magnetic rotator container 11 can be changed.
The central rotating device provided by the invention has the advantages that the shapes of the central rotating liquid are different under different conditions, and compared with the shape of the rotating liquid formed by rotating the cylinder wall of the container rotating device, the measured data is used for better exploring the shape rule of the central rotating liquid. In addition, the influence of factors such as liquid temperature, liquid property and the like can be considered in the research step.
The gravity acceleration is measured by the container rotating device of the invention, comprising the following steps:
step 1, injecting liquid with an initial liquid level of H into a rotating container 4 with a radius of R, adjusting an adjustable fixed support 5 to fix the rotating container 4, adjusting a speed regulation knob 2.2 of a rotator to enable a turntable 6 to drive the rotating container 4 to axially rotate at a constant speed, wherein the rotating angular speed is omega;
step 2, after the rotating liquid level is stable, respectively reading the highest liquid level h of the liquid level according to the scale on the side wall of the rotating container 4 and the marker post 4.1 at the center of the bottom1And minimum liquid level h of liquid surface2And recording;
The container rotating device and the central rotating device can work independently; the imaging system may be used in combination with a container rotation device, a central rotation device. When the imaging system is used in combination with the container rotating device and the center rotating device, after the liquid level of the rotating container 4 and the magnetic force rotation instrument container 11 is stable at a certain rotation speed omega, the imaging system is started to display a rotating liquid image on the processor display screen 15, the center console 14 adjusts the graph on the processor display screen 15, the coordinate system is established for qualitative analysis, coordinates are generated for each point on the liquid level, more visual and accurate research and calculation can be carried out, the graphs of two rotation conditions can be compared at the same time, and the relationship between the parameters can be better explored.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A liquid experimental instrument based on different rotation modes of an imaging system is characterized by comprising a container rotating device, a central rotating device and the imaging system; the imaging system, the container rotating device and the central rotating device are sequentially connected;
the container rotating device consists of a rotating instrument control panel (1), a rotating container (4) and a rotating mechanism; the control panel (1) of the rotating instrument is provided with a rotating instrument power switch (2.1), a rotating instrument speed regulating knob (2.2), a forward and reverse steering regulating knob (2.3) and a rotating instrument rotating speed display screen (3); the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a turntable (6) and a bearing (7); the rotating mechanism can realize steering and rotating speed regulation under the action of the control panel (1) of the gyroscope; the turntable (6) is provided with an adjustable fixed support (5) which can be used for fixing rotary containers (4) with different sizes and shapes;
the central rotating device consists of a magnetic rotator (8), a magnetic rotor (12) and a magnetic rotator container (11); the magnetic rotator (8) is provided with a magnetic rotator power switch (9.1), a magnetic rotator speed regulation knob (9.2) and a heating knob (9.3); the magnetic rotor (12) is placed in the magnetic rotator container (11) and rotates under the control of the magnetic rotator (8);
the imaging system consists of a central console (14), a processor display screen (15), a first optical signal receiving screen (16), a first optical signal transmitting screen (17), a second optical signal transmitting screen (18) and a second optical signal receiving screen (19); the first optical signal receiving screen (16) and the first optical signal transmitting screen (17) are arranged on two sides of the container rotating device; the second optical signal transmitting screen (18) and the second optical signal receiving screen (19) are arranged on two sides of the central rotating device;
the central control console (14) controls the optical signal transmitting screen to send out optical signals, the optical signals are received by the optical signal receiving screen after passing through the rotating liquid, the optical signals are converted into electric signals to be transmitted to the central control console (14), the central control console (14) processes the electric signals into digital signals, and experimental images are displayed on the processor display screen (15).
2. The liquid experimental instrument based on different rotation modes of the imaging system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the rotary container (4) is provided with scales, the center of the bottom of the rotary container is provided with a marking rod (4.1) with scales, and the slope of the wall of the rotary container is selectable.
3. The liquid experiment instrument based on different rotation modes of the imaging system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the use method of the container rotation device comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly adopting a straight cylinder wall rotating container (4) with the radius of R, adding liquid with the initial liquid level of H, and adjusting to the initial rotating speed omega set by an experiment to enable the liquid to rotate stably at a constant speed;
step 2, after the liquid level is stable, recording the highest liquid level h at the moment1And a minimum liquid level h2And calculating the height H of the rise compared to the initial levelS＝h1-H and depth of descent HJ＝H-h2Comparison HSAnd HJThe quantitative relationship between them;
step 3, adjusting the turntable (6) to different angular speeds, and repeating the operation of the step 2;
step 4, selecting different initial liquid levels to repeat the operations of the steps 1, 2 and 3;
and 5, replacing the rotary container (4) with different cylinder wall slopes k, and repeating the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4.
4. The liquid experiment instrument based on different rotation modes of the imaging system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the use method of the central rotation device comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding a proper amount of liquid with the depth of H into a magnetic rotator container (11), adjusting the magnetic rotator (8) to an initial rotation speed omega set by an experiment, and enabling a magnetic rotor (12) to rotate at the bottom center of the magnetic rotator container (11) so as to drive the liquid to rotate;
step 2, measuring the highest liquid level h at the moment1And a minimum liquid level h2And calculating the height H of the liquid level rising from the initial liquid levelS＝h1-H and depth of descent HJ＝H-h2Comparison HSAnd HJThe relationship between;
step 3, adjusting the magnetic force rotator (8) to different rotating speeds, repeating the step 2, and discussing the relation between the rotating speed and the liquid level change;
step 4, selecting different initial liquid levels to repeat the operations of the steps 1, 2 and 3;
and 5, changing the size and the shape of the magnetic rotator container (11), and repeating the steps 1, 2, 3 and 4.
5. The liquid experimental instrument based on different rotation modes of the imaging system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the experimental rotating speed range of the container rotating device is 0-1200 rpm; the experimental rotating speed range of the central rotating device is 0-2000 rpm.
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| JPH063250A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1994-01-11 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Surface tension measuring device |
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