CN109612862B - Experimental device and method for simulating influence of tire brake sliding friction on road surface abrasion - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for simulating influence of tire brake sliding friction on road surface abrasion Download PDFInfo
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- CN109612862B CN109612862B CN201811504290.8A CN201811504290A CN109612862B CN 109612862 B CN109612862 B CN 109612862B CN 201811504290 A CN201811504290 A CN 201811504290A CN 109612862 B CN109612862 B CN 109612862B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device and method for simulating the influence of tire braking sliding friction on road surface abrasion, wherein the experimental device comprises a base, a fixed frame for mounting a road surface test block is arranged in the middle of the base, a mounting seat plate is arranged on the upper side of the base, a motor tire positioned on the upper side of the fixed frame is arranged on the mounting seat plate, a pressure and pressure increasing and reducing valve for adjusting the contact pressure between the tire and the road surface test block is arranged on the mounting seat plate, and a storage box for storing a battery, a photoelectric encoder, a wheel speed controller and a wire circuit is further arranged on the mounting seat plate. The device simple structure conveniently is used for simulating the slip friction process with the road surface when the tire is braked.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and method for simulating influence of tire brake sliding friction on road surface abrasion.
Background
At present, although the statistical investigation method aiming at the real road surface is mainly adopted at home and abroad to research the road surface abrasion change and the structural attenuation law, a large amount of manpower and expensive equipment are needed for measuring the abrasion change of the real road surface under different environments, the period for acquiring data is long, the factors influencing the road surface abrasion are not manually controlled, and the influence of a single factor on the road surface grooving structural change is difficult to research. Compared with the prior art, the indoor wear simulation test has the advantages of capability of effectively mastering the research direction, short test period, simple and clear test result and the like, and has strong practicability on the research of the anti-skid performance of the pavement and the wear degree of the texture structure depth.
Researchers such as M Kane et al in france have produced a buffing machine named "Wehner-Schulze" to evaluate the tendency of attenuation of texture samples on road surfaces by placing sensors on the road surface to sense the load and pressure distribution borne by the road surface, but cannot simulate the wear process of tires on the road surface.
The western-usa loop test model was used by the new zealand transportation department as a reference to develop an accelerated indoor test system CAPTIF for cement pavements. The practical road driving environment is simulated by using flexible and light dynamic load and circular rotating load. An indoor accelerated road test system is constructed, and relative abrasion rates caused by load standards of 8t, 10t and 12t are analyzed and compared. However, the device adopts the rubber sheets to simulate the road surface abrasion process, only the influence of load on abrasion is considered, and the influence of tire pressure and tire rotation speed on abrasion is neglected.
The pavement accelerated wear instrument is manufactured by the aged yoga research of the university of China and south, and a corresponding simulation test method is provided according to the characteristics of wear between a pavement and a tire. The test adopts a method that the grinding wheel reciprocates on the concrete test block, and the grinding particles are scattered to participate in the abrasion of the concrete test block. The device adopts the emery wheel to carry out the wearing and tearing experiment, has certain difference with real car pneumatic tire, can not analyze the influence of tire pressure to road surface wearing and tearing degree. Meanwhile, rolling friction is adopted in the experiment, and sliding friction during automobile braking with large influence on road surface abrasion cannot be simulated.
In summary, the road surface abrasion experimental device developed at home and abroad at present can analyze the relevant factors influencing the road surface abrasion degree, but still has some disadvantages: 1) the existing road surface abrasion instrument mainly simulates rolling friction of a tire, but cannot perform a sliding friction experiment which greatly influences the road surface abrasion; 2) most of abrasion meters adopt rubber sheets or grinding wheels to replace tires, however, the abrasion meters have great difference with real tires, and the influence of tire pressure on road surface abrasion cannot be analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device and method for simulating the influence of tire braking sliding friction on road surface abrasion, which are simple in structure and convenient to use for simulating the sliding friction process between a tire and a road surface during braking.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an experimental device of simulation tire brake sliding friction to road surface wearing and tearing influence, includes the base, the base middle part is provided with the fixed frame who is used for installing the road surface test block, and the upside of base is provided with the installation bedplate, be provided with the motor tire that is located the fixed frame upside on the installation bedplate, be provided with on the installation bedplate and be used for adjusting the pressure valve of adding of contact force between tire and the road surface test block, still be provided with the containing box that is used for depositing battery, photoelectric encoder, wheel speed controller and electric wire way on the installation bedplate.
Furthermore, two side parts of the base are respectively provided with a support frame, and the upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected with the installation seat plate through a clamp.
Further, be provided with the electric motor car front fork on the downside of installation bedplate, the motor tire is installed on the electric motor car front fork, add and subtract and press the valve and act on the electric motor car front fork.
Furthermore, a water spraying device for spraying motor tires is further arranged on the mounting seat plate, the water spraying device comprises a spray head arranged on the electric front fork, and the spray head is connected with the water pump through a water inlet pipe.
Further, the support frame is made of galvanized angle iron.
The experimental method of the experimental device for simulating the influence of the brake sliding friction of the tire on the road surface abrasion comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing an asphalt pavement test block and a cement pavement test block;
2) depth measurement is performed on the texture structure of the pavement test block: measuring the texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement test block by adopting a traditional sand paving method; measuring the size of the notch groove of the cement pavement test block by adopting an improved sand laying method;
3) the pressure between the motor tire and the test block is adjusted through a pressure increasing and reducing valve;
4) a lithium battery is used for supplying power to the motor tire, and the rotating speed of the motor tire required by the experiment is adjusted; when the speed reaches the required requirement, pressing a cruise key to enable the tire to rotate at a constant speed;
5) after the pavement abrasion experiment device is determined to normally work under the specified condition, beginning to record the abrasion time, and measuring the surface abrasion loss of the test block by a sand laying method every two hours;
6) measuring the surface texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement test block and the size of the notch groove of the cement pavement test block after the abrasion test by using a sand paving method and an improved sand paving method; and calculating the surface abrasion amount of the test block passing the abrasion experiment by combining the measurement result before the abrasion experiment.
Further, in the step 1), grooving or galling treatment is performed on the surface of the cement pavement test block according to the research requirement.
Further, in the step 2), when the asphalt pavement is measured, sand with a known volume is paved on the pavement and paved into a circle as much as possible, then the lengths of the two vertical directions of the circle are measured by a structural depth ruler, the average value of the lengths is taken to obtain the sand paving area, and the volume ratio of the sand to the average area of the sand paving is the texture structural depth of the asphalt pavement.
Further, in the step 2), when measuring the cement pavement, firstly cleaning the test block, and removing sand and stones in the notch groove; then measuring a certain volume of fine sand and paving the fine sand on the surface of the test block, pushing the fine sand into the groove to be level with the surface, and keeping the surface free of the fine sand as much as possible; and finally, recording the number of the notches covered by the fine sand and the covered length of the notches so as to convert the size of the notches.
Further, in the step 4), the contact surface of the test block and the motor tire needs to be watered in the test process, so that the tire temperature is prevented from being too high to cause fire and tire burst.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the experimental device takes the sliding friction of the tire when the automobile is braked as an analysis object, and researches the road surface abrasion process under the conditions of simulating different road surface types and different road surface texture structure depths under different tire loads, rotating speeds and abrasion time in the contact friction mode; the wheel rotating speed can be adjusted through a speed controller, and the influence of the vehicle speed on the road surface abrasion is researched; the effect of vehicle bearing is simulated by adjusting the pressurization and decompression valve, and the influence of load on the road surface abrasion degree is analyzed; adjusting the tire pressure by using an inflating device with tire pressure detection, and analyzing the influence of different tire pressures on the road surface abrasion; meanwhile, for the texture structure depth of the pavement, the texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement is measured by a sand paving method; an improved sand laying method for measuring the size of the notch of the cement pavement is provided;
under the condition of controlling other influence factors to be unchanged, simulating the road surface abrasion process under the condition of changing a single influence factor, thereby measuring the influence of the single influence factor on the road surface abrasion;
the abrasion process of the road surface is accelerated, the long-term abrasion process of the real road surface is simulated in a short time, the period of the abrasion experiment is greatly shortened, and the experiment efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Refer to fig. 1 to 4
The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of simulation tire brake sliding friction to road surface wearing and tearing influence, includes base 1, the base middle part is provided with the fixed frame who is used for installing the road surface test block to prevent that cement test block from receiving the frictional force effect and breaking away from the tire scope of action among the test process. The fixed frame is a rectangular frame arranged on the base. The upside of base is provided with installation bedplate 2, be provided with on the installation bedplate and be located the fixed frame upside and be used for the motor tire 3 with the road surface test block contact friction to the sliding friction state when the simulation vehicle is braked on the road. The mounting base plate is provided with a pressure increasing and reducing valve for adjusting the contact pressure between the tire and the road test block, and the mounting base plate is also provided with a storage box 5 for storing a battery, a photoelectric encoder, a wheel speed controller and a wire circuit.
In this embodiment, the motor tire can change the tire of different decorative patterns, adjusts the tire pressure of tire, control tire rotational speed. The adjustable length range of the pressure and pressure increasing valve is 0-11 cm. Before the test, the height is adjusted, the pressure of different heights is measured, and then the adjusted distance is measured and marked. The marked mark point can be directly adjusted if the pressure is not changed in each test.
In the embodiment, two side parts of the base are respectively provided with a support frame 6, and the upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected with the installation seat plate through a clamp 7; the clamp is a lock catch or a locking bolt connected with the mounting seat plate.
In the embodiment, the lower side surface of the mounting seat plate is provided with an electric vehicle front fork 4 so as to apply load to the tire when the pressure increasing and reducing valve is adjusted; the motor tire is mounted on the front fork of the electric vehicle so as to support the motor tire. The pressure increasing and reducing valve acts on the front fork of the electric vehicle, so that the contact pressure between the tire and the road test block is adjusted.
In the embodiment, the mounting seat plate is also provided with a water spraying device for spraying the motor tires, and the water spraying device comprises a spray head arranged on the electric front fork, so that the water spraying device is used for watering the contact surface of the test block and the tires, and the tires are prevented from being ignited and blown out due to overhigh temperature; the spray head is connected with a water pump through a water inlet pipe so as to supply water for the spray head.
In this embodiment, because the frictional force that road surface test block and tire produced is great, the tire can drive whole instrument to the direction of advance slope. Therefore, the support angle steel adopts 5mm galvanized angle iron, and the connecting part is welded by 4mm galvanized strips, so that the integral structure is firm and firm, and the stability of an instrument in the test process is ensured.
In this embodiment, the road wear testing apparatus employs a 48v12a lithium battery, a wheel speed controller with a cruise function, a 48v brushless motor tire, and a 48v current-limiting 18a controller.
The assembly process of the device:
testing a motor: any two motor lines of the motor tire are in short circuit connection, the tire is rotated by hands, and if resistance is sensed to be generated, the motor is good. After the motor tire is detected to be normal, connecting the motor wire of the motor tire with the corresponding wire color of the motor wire on the controller;
connecting a power line: connecting a controller power line (thick red is positive, thick black is negative) with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery respectively, and directly enabling the motor tire to be in a starting state by butting the controller power line with the battery power line;
connecting information source lines: the method comprises the following steps that 5 Hall lines of the controller, namely red, yellow, green, blue and black, are respectively connected with 5 Hall lines of the motor tire, which correspond to the same color, so that the functions of transmitting control signals and changing the current direction are achieved, and the continuous rotation of the motor is realized;
testing by a controller: a white learning line is connected to the controller in a butt joint mode, whether the motor rotates or not is tested, and if the motor can rotate, the controller is represented to be intact; after the steps are completed, the motor tire can be started normally;
the wheel speed controller is connected: and connecting a signal wire of the wheel speed controller with a photoelectric encoder. The signal line red black blue (red is anode black and cathode) of the wheel speed controller is connected with the signal line red black green of the photoelectric encoder, so that the motor tire achieves the purpose of speed regulation. The thin palm line on the wheel speed controller is connected with the thin green line (instrument line) of the photoelectric encoder to display the wheel speed and the battery capacity. The yellow and white line of the wheel speed controller is a cruise control line and is correspondingly connected with the orange and the thin and black of the photoelectric encoder to realize the cruise function of the wheel speed controller; that is, after the test speed is reached, the wheel speed can be kept unchanged by pressing the cruise key. The fine green line on the wheel speed controller is a display screen lighting positive line and is connected with a power supply, a photoelectric encoder positive line and a switch lock line 4 through lines, and the function of starting the display screen of the wheel speed controller is achieved.
The experimental method for simulating the influence of the brake sliding friction of the tire on the road surface abrasion comprises an experimental device for simulating the influence of the brake sliding friction of the tire on the road surface abrasion, and comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing an asphalt pavement test block and a cement pavement test block, and grooving or galling the surface of the cement pavement test block according to the research requirement;
2) depth measurement is performed on the texture structure of the pavement test block: measuring the texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement test block by adopting a traditional sand paving method; measuring the size of the notch groove of the cement pavement test block by adopting an improved sand laying method;
3) the pressure between the motor tire and the test block is adjusted through the pressure increasing and reducing valve, the load application of the motor tire can be divided into different grades, and the operation is finished before power supply;
4) a lithium battery is used for supplying power to the motor tire, and the rotating speed of the motor tire required by the experiment is adjusted; when the speed reaches the required requirement, the cruise key is pressed to enable the tire to rotate at a constant speed, and because the friction force generated between the test tire and the cement test block is large, the contact surface of the test block and the motor tire needs to be watered in the test process, so that the tire is prevented from being ignited and blown out due to overhigh temperature;
5) after the pavement abrasion experiment device is determined to normally work under the specified condition, beginning to record the abrasion time, and measuring the surface abrasion loss of the test block by a sand laying method every two hours;
6) measuring the surface texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement test block and the size of the notch groove of the cement pavement test block after the abrasion test by using a sand paving method and an improved sand paving method; and calculating the surface abrasion amount of the test block passing the abrasion experiment by combining the measurement result before the abrasion experiment.
In this embodiment, in the step 2), when the asphalt pavement is measured, sand of a known volume is spread on the pavement and is spread into a circular shape as much as possible, then the lengths of the two vertical directions of the circle are measured by using a construction depth gauge, the average value of the lengths is taken to obtain the sand spreading area, and the volume ratio of the sand to the average area of the sand spread is the texture construction depth of the asphalt pavement.
In this embodiment, in the step 2), when measuring the cement pavement, firstly cleaning the test block, and removing sand and stones inside the notch groove; then measuring a certain volume of fine sand, flatly paving the fine sand on the surface of the test block, flatly pushing the fine sand into the groove to be level with the surface, and keeping the surface free of the fine sand as much as possible; and finally, recording the number of the notches covered by the fine sand and the covered length of the notches so as to convert the size of the notches.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is not necessary for the skilled in the art to devise various experimental devices and methods for simulating the effect of sliding friction on braking of a tire on road surface according to the teachings of the present invention without any inventive step, and all equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations made in the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention without departing from the spirit and the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An experimental method for simulating the influence of tire brake sliding friction on road surface abrasion comprises an experimental device for simulating the influence of tire brake sliding friction on road surface abrasion, wherein the experimental device comprises a base, a fixed frame for mounting a road surface test block is arranged in the middle of the base, a mounting base plate is arranged on the upper side of the base, a motor tire positioned on the upper side of the fixed frame is arranged on the mounting base plate, a pressurization and depressurization valve for adjusting the contact pressure between the tire and the road surface test block is arranged on the mounting base plate, and a storage box for storing a battery, a photoelectric encoder, a wheel speed controller and a wire circuit is further arranged on the mounting base plate; an electric vehicle front fork is arranged on the lower side surface of the mounting seat plate, the motor tire is mounted on the electric vehicle front fork, and the pressure and pressure reducing valve acts on the electric vehicle front fork; the mounting seat plate is also provided with a water spraying device for spraying motor tires, the water spraying device comprises a spray head arranged on the electric front fork, the spray head is connected with a water pump through a water inlet pipe, two side parts of the base are respectively provided with a support frame, and the upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected with the mounting seat plate through a clamp; the supporting frame is made of galvanized angle iron; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) manufacturing an asphalt pavement test block and a cement pavement test block, and grooving or galling the surface of the cement pavement test block according to the research requirement;
2) depth measurement is performed on the texture structure of the pavement test block: the asphalt pavement test block adopts a traditional sand paving method to measure the texture structure depth of the pavement, when the asphalt pavement is measured, sand with a known volume is paved on the pavement and is paved into a circle as much as possible, then the lengths of the two vertical directions of the circle are measured by a structure depth ruler, the average value of the lengths is taken to obtain the sand paving area, and the volume ratio of the sand to the average area of the sand paving is the texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement; measuring the size of the notch groove of the cement pavement test block by adopting an improved sand laying method; when measuring cement pavement, firstly cleaning a test block and removing sand and stones in the groove; then measuring a certain volume of fine sand and paving the fine sand on the surface of the test block, pushing the fine sand into the groove to be level with the surface, and keeping the surface free of the fine sand as much as possible; finally, recording the number of the notches covered by the fine sand and the covered length of the notches so as to convert the size of the notches;
3) the pressure between the motor tire and the test block is adjusted through a pressure increasing and reducing valve;
4) a lithium battery is used for supplying power to the motor tire, and the rotating speed of the motor tire required by the experiment is adjusted; when the speed reaches the required requirement, pressing a cruise key to enable the tire to rotate at a constant speed; in the test process, the contact surface of the test block and the motor tire needs to be watered, so that the tire temperature is prevented from being too high to cause fire and tire burst;
5) after the pavement abrasion experimental device is determined to normally work under the specified condition, beginning to record the abrasion time, and measuring the surface abrasion loss of the test block by a sand laying method every two hours;
6) measuring the surface texture structure depth of the asphalt pavement test block and the size of the notch groove of the cement pavement test block after the abrasion test by using a sand paving method and an improved sand paving method; and calculating the surface abrasion amount of the test block passing the abrasion experiment by combining the measurement result before the abrasion experiment.
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| CN111948080A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-17 | 中国市政工程西北设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for measuring anti-wear performance of aggregate |
| CN112964556B (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2022-08-02 | 河南省交通检测技术研究院有限公司 | Pavement material strength test device with multiple detection functions |
| CN115876616B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-06-06 | 山西交通科学研究院集团有限公司 | Test device for testing mechanical behavior of repaired road through friction force and positive pressure |
| CN117606824B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-05-10 | 山东中亚轮胎试验场有限公司 | Wear resistance detection device for tire manufacturing |
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