CN109612149B - Ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system and method - Google Patents
Ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109612149B CN109612149B CN201811612610.1A CN201811612610A CN109612149B CN 109612149 B CN109612149 B CN 109612149B CN 201811612610 A CN201811612610 A CN 201811612610A CN 109612149 B CN109612149 B CN 109612149B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/04—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being ammonia evaporated from aqueous solution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Abstract
The invention provides an ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigerating system and a method, wherein the ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigerating system comprises a heating subsystem, a cooling subsystem, a refrigerating subsystem and a power pump; the inlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the refrigerating subsystem, and the outlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the cooling subsystem; the heating subsystem is connected with the refrigerating subsystem through a set refrigerant pipeline; the cooling subsystem is connected with the refrigeration subsystem through a set absorbent pipeline. The invention adopts the S-shaped stainless steel tube bundle heat exchanger with small pipe diameter, various internal heat recovery modes, an active heat pipe waste gas heat taking technology, a precooling solution condensation absorption technology and a gas injection technology, improves the heat efficiency of the system, reduces the volume of the system, and realizes stable heat input, corrosion resistance and swinging vibration resistance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat refrigeration, in particular to an ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system and method, and particularly relates to an ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system and method driven by waste heat of ship engine exhaust.
Background
At present, most of small and medium-sized fishing boats in fishing ports in China are used for ice-carrying sea-going operation, and for example, a 100-ton fishing boat is used, and the ice carrying amount of primary offshore fishing is about 10 tons. The fishing boat increases the oil consumption and limits the fishing amount due to the space occupation of the ice blocks, and the cost for purchasing the ice and the consumption of diesel oil become fixed cost of the offshore operation. Moreover, the ice application and the fresh keeping lead the temperature of the lower layer of the fish goods to be higher, the fish goods are not good in fresh keeping, and the fish goods are difficult to sell after arriving at the bank, thus causing economic loss. In addition, the ice-carrying operation time is limited, which is not beneficial to the maintenance of the quality of marine products, limits the fishing area and the operation time, and causes practical loss due to the fact that people have to return to the sea in case of fish flood. If the electric compression ice making system is used on a ship, the power consumption of the ship is increased, which also means that the oil consumption is greatly increased.
The temperature of the exhaust gas discharged by the diesel engine used for the fishing boat can reach 400 ℃ or even higher, and the exhaust gas has higher residual heat and grade, but the heat of the exhaust gas is usually directly discharged to the environment and is not effectively utilized. The ammonia absorption refrigeration system can be driven by waste heat of engine exhaust gas, is applied at low evaporation temperature, greatly reduces the power consumption, does not damage the ozone layer when used by natural refrigerants, does not aggravate the greenhouse effect, and is an economical and applicable refrigeration technology. However, when the ammonia absorption refrigeration system is applied to a ship, the following key problems need to be solved:
first, it is highly efficient. The heat dissipation capacity of the system can be greatly increased due to the fact that the COP of the system is too low, the power consumption of the cooling water pump is increased, the power consumption of the solution pump is also increased, and the advantage of saving electric energy of the system is not obvious any more, and even the system is inferior to a compression type refrigeration system.
Second, absorption and separation are stable. Falling film absorbers and rectifying towers in traditional ammonia absorption refrigeration systems both carry out gas absorption and desorption processes under the action of gravity, however, the absorption process and the rectifying tower process are greatly affected by marine bumping and swinging, and due to the fact that free liquid level exists, liquid in the absorbers and the rectifying towers is distributed unevenly or is directly peeled off, and system performance is unstable.
And thirdly, corrosion resistance. The system is cooled by seawater and requires an external heat exchanger to resist seawater corrosion.
Fourthly, the volume is small. The space of the ship is limited, and the volume of the system needs to be reduced.
Fifth, the heat input is stable. In addition to the need for the absorber and gas purification processes to be robust, the process to occur also needs to be robust. Because the exhaust smoke quantity and the exhaust smoke temperature of the ship engine change along with the change of the power of the engine, and the power of the engine changes rapidly along with the situations of sailing, accelerating and the like, the input heat of the ammonia water absorption system is affected rapidly, and the system is unstable. Therefore, a reliable generation is required.
And sixthly, safety is achieved. Besides the control system to ensure the safety of the system, the prevention of ammonia leakage is the key to ensure the safe operation of the system.
The patent document CN101033898A provides a marine ammonia water absorption refrigerator driven by exhaust waste heat of a marine engine, the patent document utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the marine engine to heat a generator filled with an ammonia water solution, ammonia gas and a dilute solution enter a gas-liquid separation tank, separated water-containing steam is partially purified by a dephlegmator and then condensed in a condenser, the ammonia liquid is evaporated in a casing evaporator to generate cold energy, cold ammonia gas and unevaporated ammonia liquid exchange heat in a supercooling pipe bundle and then enter a full liquid bubbling absorber, bubbles are absorbed by the dilute ammonia water solution from the separator and cooled by a solution heat exchanger, and a strong ammonia water solution is pumped into a full liquid generator by a solution pump. All the strong ammonia water solution in the patent is heated by the exhaust gas of the engine, and when the flow rate and the temperature of the exhaust gas are increased rapidly along with the increase of the power of the engine, the heat input is unstable; the water content of the generated ammonia water vapor is increased, and low evaporation temperature cannot be realized even in dry evaporation; meanwhile, the system is simple to heat, and the absorber and the condenser both need to be cooled by seawater, so that the defects of low system efficiency and seawater corrosion resistance exist. The solution pump with small flow and high lift is also an obstacle to the reliable operation of the system.
Patent document CN101915478A provides a marine exhaust gas driven ammonia absorption chiller, which includes a generator, a regenerative flow path assembly, a cooling flow path assembly, an supercooling tube bundle and an evaporator. This patent has simplified rectifier unit, and the channel of vapour liquid flows the characteristic in the pipeline is utilized to the absorber for ammonia and aqueous ammonia flow in parallelly connected tubule, thereby make the absorption process not receive the influence that boats and ships jolt and rock, and the boiling takes place in the generator utilizes the tubule, does not have the welding point in the generator. The concentrated solution enters a heat regeneration flow assembly through the heating of an engine waste gas heat exchanger, and when the waste gas flow and the temperature rise rapidly along with the increase of the power of an engine, the heat input is unstable, the rectification load is increased, ammonia cannot be purified, and the system operation is influenced. And the absorption section coil pipe can not make full use of space, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the unit, and the cooling component is completely contacted with seawater, so that the seawater corrosion resistance is difficult. The solution pump with small flow and high lift is also a difficulty for reliable operation of the system.
Patent document CN102980322A provides an air-cooled ammonia absorption type diesel engine exhaust multifunctional refrigeration system, which realizes air cooling of a condenser and an absorber to avoid seawater cooling corrosion, but has the disadvantages of simple heat return, low heat efficiency of an air cooling system, no elimination of absorption free liquid level, poor reliability of a small-flow high-lift solution pump and unstable system heat input along with the change of engine power.
Patent document CN101865560A provides a fishing boat exhaust gas refrigerating unit, and the circulation of the patent document is consistent with a single-stage circulation system, and the problems of the ship swing resistance of a free liquid level, seawater cooling corrosion resistance, poor reliability of a large-volume, small-flow and high-lift solution pump and unstable heat input exist.
Patent document CN1766462A provides an ammonia absorption refrigeration device using waste heat of exhaust gas, which adopts an integrated structure of a stripping device and a heat regenerator to recover rectification heat and absorption heat, thereby improving system performance, wherein the absorption mode is in-pipe falling film absorption, and the generation mode is in a flooded type. The patent document has the problems that the absorption has a free liquid level which can not resist the ship swing, the corrosion is difficult, the reliability of a small-flow high-lift solution pump is poor, and the heat input is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an ammonia diffusion absorption type refrigeration system and method.
The ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system provided by the invention comprises a heating subsystem, a cooling subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem and a power pump;
the inlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the refrigerating subsystem, and the outlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the cooling subsystem;
the heating subsystem is connected with the refrigerating subsystem through a set refrigerant pipeline; the cooling subsystem is connected with the refrigeration subsystem through a set absorbent pipeline.
Preferably, the power pump comprises a solution canned motor pump;
the heating subsystem comprises a separator, an exhaust gas heat exchanger and a solution heat exchanger;
a rectifying tube bundle, an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle, a separator liquid distributor, a heat return tube bundle and a separator gas distribution tube are arranged in the separator; a heat exchange tube bundle of the waste gas heat exchanger is arranged in the waste gas heat exchanger; a heat exchange tube bundle of the solution heat exchanger is arranged in the solution heat exchanger;
the inlet of the rectifying tube bundle is connected to the outlet of the solution shielding pump, the outlet of the rectifying tube bundle is respectively connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the solution heat exchanger and the inlet of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the solution heat exchanger is connected to the liquid distributor of the separator, the outlet of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the waste gas heat exchanger, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the waste gas heat exchanger is connected;
an inlet of the heat return tube bundle is connected to a first outlet of the inner space of the separator, and an outlet of the heat return tube bundle is connected to an inlet of the inner space of the solution heat exchanger; the second outlet of the separator inner space is connected to the refrigeration subsystem; the outlet of the inner space of the solution heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the solution shielding pump.
Preferably, a separator filler is also arranged in the separator;
the rectifying tube bundle, the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle, the separator liquid distributor, the heat return tube bundle, the separator filler and the separator gas distribution pipe are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
Preferably, the refrigeration subsystem comprises a condensation absorber, a gas heat exchanger, a diffusion evaporator and a refrigerant heat exchanger;
a condensation absorption tube bundle is arranged in the condensation absorber; a heat exchange tube bundle and an overcooling tube bundle of the gas heat exchanger are arranged in the gas heat exchanger; a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe, a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device and a diffusion evaporator are arranged in the diffusion evaporator; a refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchanger;
the inlet of the condensation absorbing tube bundle is connected to the second outlet of the inner space of the separator, the outlet of the condensation absorbing tube bundle is connected to the inlet of the supercooling tube bundle, the outlet of the supercooling tube bundle is connected to the liquid distribution pipe of the diffusion evaporator, the first outlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the gas heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the gas heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator, the first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the refrigerant heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the refrigerant heat exchanger is connected to the liquid distribution device of the diffusion evaporator, the second outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator is connected to the inlet of the inner.
Preferably, the diffusion evaporator is also internally provided with a diffusion evaporator filler;
the diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe and the diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device are positioned above the diffusion evaporator filling material;
the inlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator and the first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator are positioned below the filler of the diffusion evaporator.
Preferably, the first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the refrigerant heat exchanger through a liquid ammonia shield pump.
Preferably, the cooling subsystem comprises a seawater heat exchanger;
a heat exchange tube bundle of the seawater heat exchanger is arranged in the seawater heat exchanger; the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the seawater heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the solution shielding pump, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the seawater heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber.
Preferably, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle of the waste gas heat exchanger and the outlet of the inner space of the gas heat exchanger are connected to the inlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber through the arranged ejector.
Preferably, the gas heat exchanger comprises a steel cylinder gas heat exchanger, and the ejector ejects gas from the diffusion evaporator to sequentially pass through the supercooling tube bundle and the gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle; the seawater heat exchanger comprises a titanium seawater heat exchanger;
the heat exchange tubes in any one or more of the following positions adopt 8-shaped tube bundles: the system comprises a separator, an exhaust gas heat exchanger, a solution heat exchanger, a condensation absorber, a gas heat exchanger, a refrigerant heat exchanger and a seawater heat exchanger.
The invention also provides an ammonia water diffusion absorption type freezing method, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the strong ammonia water solution in the condensation absorber with the backflow dilute solution in the solution heat exchanger, and then shunting and pumping by a solution shielding pump, wherein one path of the mixed solution is used as precooling circulating solution, enters the seawater heat exchanger for heat release, and then enters the solution inlet of the ejector; the other path is sent to a rectifying tube bundle at the top of the separator to recover rectifying heat, then the solution is further divided into two paths, and one path enters a solution heat exchanger to be preheated by the dilute solution from the separator and then is fed in a liquid distributor of the separator; the other strand enters an auxiliary rectification tube bundle to continuously recover rectification heat, then enters a waste gas heat exchanger to be heated in the tube until the waste gas is completely gasified, is connected to the bottom of the separator, rises in the separator, passes through the separator filler and the regenerative tube bundle, and condenses and releases heat to the solution fed outside the separator filler and the regenerative tube bundle and the solution refluxed by rectification; the gas rectified at the top of the separator enters a condensation absorption tube bundle for condensation, condensed liquid ammonia enters a diffusion evaporator after being cooled by circulating gas through a cooling tube bundle, the circulating liquid ammonia at the bottom of the diffusion evaporator enters the top of the diffusion evaporator after being subjected to heat exchange through a refrigerant heat exchanger and is sprayed on a filler of the diffusion evaporator, ammonia is diffused to helium under the driving of partial pressure difference, and cold energy is generated in the gasification process; and then injecting the mixed gas by a circulating solution in a condensation absorber, exchanging heat with the returned helium gas in a gas heat exchanger, then entering the condensation absorber for absorption, returning the helium gas to a diffusion evaporator through the gas heat exchanger, circulating the solution in the condensation absorber by a circulating pump, cooling by seawater in a titanium seawater heat exchanger, and simultaneously removing condensation heat and absorption heat by the precooled circulating solution through sensible heat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) and (3) stabilizing the heat input of the system: the solution is divided and gasified in the waste gas heat exchanger and then enters a separator for condensation and heat release, and stable system heat input is realized in a mode of fixing the flow of the heat-carrying fluid.
(2) Helium is used as balance gas, so that the system becomes a single-pressure system, the use of a low-flow high-lift solution pump is avoided, and the reliability of the system is improved.
(3) The 8-shaped small-caliber tube bundle heat exchanger is adopted, the influence of the free liquid level is reduced in a geometric constraint mode, and the ship can resist the swinging and bumping in the generation and absorption processes.
(4) The condensation heat and the absorption heat are removed by seawater in a titanium external cooler by circulating solution, and only the heat exchanger of the whole system is in contact with seawater, so that the whole system is resistant to seawater corrosion.
(5) The internal heat recovery is large, the heat input of the system is reduced, and the system performance is improved.
(6) The solution shielding pump and the ejector are adopted to provide fluid flow power in the system, and the large-cold-quantity application of the diffusion absorption system is realized.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration system according to the present invention.
The figures show that:
condensation absorption tube bundle 36 of seawater inlet pipe 1
Seawater heat exchanger 2 condensation absorber 37
Liquid ammonia outlet pipe 40 of condensing absorption tube bundle 5 of heat exchange tube bundle of waste gas heat exchanger
Dilute solution inlet pipe 41 of solution heat exchanger of seawater outlet pipe 6
Solution heat exchanger 42 of refrigerating medium inlet pipe 7
Concentrated solution outlet pipe 43 of solution heat exchanger of refrigerant heat exchanger 8
Outlet pipe 9 of refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle concentrated solution inlet pipe 44 of solution heat exchanger
Refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle inlet pipe 10 solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 45
Dilute solution outlet pipe 46 of solution heat exchanger for refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 11
Ammonia water inlet pipe 47 of heat exchange tube bundle of waste gas heat exchanger of secondary refrigerant outlet pipe 12
Waste gas outlet pipe 48 of waste gas heat exchanger of connecting pipe 13 of liquid distributor of diffusion evaporator
Diffusion evaporator gas outlet pipe 14 waste gas heat exchanger stainless steel shell 49
Diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe connection 15 waste gas heat exchanger 50
Diffusion evaporator liquid distribution tube 16 waste gas heat exchanger waste gas inlet tube 51
Heat exchange tube bundle 52 of waste gas heat exchanger of liquid distributor 17 of diffusion evaporator
Ammonia water outlet pipe 53 of heat exchange tube bundle of waste gas heat exchanger with filler 18 of diffusion evaporator
Diffusion evaporator gas inlet tube 19 auxiliary rectifier tube bundle outlet tube 54
Diffusion evaporator 20 auxiliary rectifier tube bundle inlet tube 55
Diffusion evaporator liquid outlet pipe 21 rectifier tube bundle outlet pipe 56
Ammonia gas outlet pipe 57 of separator of gas heat exchanger 22
Gas heat exchanger gas outlet tube 23 separator 58
Gas heat exchanger bundle inlet tube 24 rectifier bundle inlet tube 59
Gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 25 rectifying tube bundle 60
Supercooling tube bundle inlet tube 26 auxiliary rectification tube bundle 61
Separator liquid distributor 62 of supercooling tube bundle 27
Gas heat exchanger gas inlet tube 28 return tube bundle 63
Subcooled tube bundle outlet tube 29 separator weak solution outlet tube 64
Separator packing 65 for outlet tube 30 of heat exchange tube bundle of gas heat exchanger
Condenser absorber gas outlet pipe 31 backheating tube bundle inlet pipe 66
Separator gas distribution pipe 67 of injector gas inlet pipe 32
Ejector 33 separator gas distribution pipe connection 68
Injector liquid inlet tube 34 separator liquid outlet tube 69
Liquid ammonia shield pump 70 of ammonia gas inlet pipe 35 of condensation and absorption tube bundle
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system comprises a heating subsystem, a cooling subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem and a power pump; the inlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the refrigerating subsystem, and the outlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the cooling subsystem; the heating subsystem is connected with the refrigerating subsystem through a set refrigerant pipeline; the cooling subsystem is connected with the refrigeration subsystem through a set absorbent pipeline.
As shown in fig. 1, the power pump includes a solution shield pump 39; preferably, the power pump may also be a pump structure of the type of a conventional centrifugal pump or the like. The heating subsystem includes a separator 58, an exhaust gas heat exchanger 50, and a solution heat exchanger 42; a rectifying tube bundle 60, an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61, a separator liquid distributor 62, a regenerative tube bundle 63 and a separator gas distribution pipe 67 are arranged in the separator 58; an exhaust gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 52 is arranged in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 50; a solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 45 is arranged in the solution heat exchanger 42; an inlet of the rectifying tube bundle 60 is connected to an outlet of the solution shielding pump 39, an outlet of the rectifying tube bundle 60 is respectively connected to an inlet of the solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 45 and an inlet of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61, an outlet of the solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 45 is connected to the separator liquid distributor 62, an outlet of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61 is connected to an inlet of the waste gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 52, and an outlet of the waste gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 52 is connected to the separator gas distribution pipe 67; the inlet of the heat return tube bundle 63 is connected to the first outlet of the inner space of the separator 58, and the outlet of the heat return tube bundle 63 is connected to the inlet of the inner space of the solution heat exchanger 42; the second outlet of the interior space of the separator 58 is connected to the refrigeration subsystem; the solution heat exchanger 42 has an outlet for the inner space connected to an inlet of the solution shield pump 39. Preferably, a separator packing 65 is also provided within the separator 58; the rectifying tube bundle 60, the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61, the separator liquid distributor 62, the heat return tube bundle 63, the separator packing 65 and the separator gas distribution pipe 67 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
The refrigeration subsystem comprises a condensation absorber 37, a gas heat exchanger 22, a diffusion evaporator 20 and a refrigerant heat exchanger 8; a condensation absorption tube bundle 36 is arranged in the condensation absorber 37; a gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 25 and a supercooling tube bundle 27 are arranged in the gas heat exchanger 22; a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe 16, a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device 17 and a diffusion evaporator 20 are arranged in the diffusion evaporator 20; a refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 11 is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchanger 8; the inlet of the condensing and absorbing tube bundle 36 is connected to the second outlet of the inner space of the separator 58, the outlet of the condensing and absorbing tube bundle 36 is connected to the inlet of the supercooling tube bundle 27, the outlet of the supercooling tube bundle 27 is connected to the liquid distribution pipe 16 of the diffusion evaporator, the first outlet of the inner space of the condensing and absorbing tube bundle 37 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 25 of the gas heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 25 of the gas heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator 20, the first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator 20 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 11 of the refrigerant heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 11 of the refrigerant heat exchanger is connected to the liquid distribution pipe 17 of the diffusion evaporator, the second outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator 20 is connected to the inlet of the inner space. Preferably, a diffusion evaporator packing 18 is also disposed within the diffusion evaporator 20; the diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe 16 and the diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device 17 are positioned above the diffusion evaporator filling material 18; the inlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator 20 and the first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator 20 are located below the diffusion evaporator 18. Preferably, the first outlet of the internal space of the diffusion evaporator 20 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 11 of the refrigerant heat exchanger by means of a liquid ammonia shield pump 70 arranged.
The cooling subsystem comprises a seawater heat exchanger 2; a seawater heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 5 is arranged in the seawater heat exchanger 2; the inlet of the seawater heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 5 is connected to the outlet of the solution shield pump 39, and the outlet of the seawater heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 5 is connected to the inlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber 37. Preferably, the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 5 of the seawater heat exchanger and the outlet of the inner space of the gas heat exchanger 22 are connected to the inlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber 37 through the ejector 33. Preferably, the condensation absorber 37 comprises a square cylinder, and the fluid outlet of the ejector 33 is connected to the inner space of the square cylinder. Preferably, the gas heat exchanger 22 comprises a steel cylinder gas heat exchanger, and the ejector 33 ejects gas from the diffusion evaporator 20 to pass through the supercooling tube bundle 27 and the gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle 25 in sequence; the seawater heat exchanger 2 comprises a titanium seawater heat exchanger, preferably, the seawater heat exchanger 2 is not limited by the name itself, and for ships in rivers and lakes, the seawater heat exchanger 2 can also be a fresh water heat exchanger. Preferably, the heat exchange tubes in any one or more of the following positions adopt an 8-shaped tube bundle: the separator 58, the waste gas heat exchanger 50, the solution heat exchanger 42, the condensation absorber 37, the gas heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 and the seawater heat exchanger 2; further preferably, the above-mentioned structures which are substantially heat exchangers all adopt 8-shaped small-diameter tube bundles, and the tube bundles are welded on the header pipe.
The invention also provides an ammonia water diffusion absorption type freezing method, which comprises the following steps: after the strong ammonia water solution in the condensation absorber 37 and the backflow diluted solution in the solution heat exchanger 42 are mixed, the mixed solution is divided and pumped by a solution shielding pump 39, one path of the mixed solution is used as precooling circulating solution, enters the seawater heat exchanger 2 for heat release, and then enters a solution inlet of the ejector 33; the other path is sent to a rectification tube bundle 60 at the top of the separator 58 to recover rectification heat, then the solution is further divided into two paths, and one path enters the solution heat exchanger 42 and is preheated by the dilute solution from the separator 58 and then is fed in a separator liquid distributor 62; the other strand enters an auxiliary rectification tube bundle 61 to continuously recover rectification heat, then enters an exhaust gas heat exchanger 50 to be heated in the tube until the exhaust gas is completely gasified, is connected to the bottom of the separator 58, rises in the separator 58 and passes through a separator filler 65 and a regenerative tube bundle 63, and condenses the solution which releases heat to feed the separator filler 65 and the regenerative tube bundle 63 and the solution which flows back by rectification. The gas rectified at the top of the separator 58 enters a condensation absorption tube bundle 36 for condensation, condensed liquid ammonia enters the diffusion evaporator 20 after being cooled by circulating gas through a cold tube bundle 27, the circulating liquid ammonia at the bottom of the diffusion evaporator 20 enters the top of the diffusion evaporator 20 after being subjected to heat exchange through a refrigerant heat exchanger 8 and is sprayed on a filler 18 of the diffusion evaporator, ammonia is diffused to helium under the driving of partial pressure difference, and cold energy is generated in the gasification process; then the mixed gas is injected by the circulating solution in the condensation absorber 37, enters the condensation absorber 37 for absorption after exchanging heat with the returned helium gas in the gas heat exchanger 22, the helium gas returns to the diffusion evaporator 20 through the gas heat exchanger 22, the solution in the condensation absorber 37 is circulated by the circulating pump and is cooled by seawater in the titanium seawater heat exchanger 2, and the precooling circulating solution removes condensation heat and absorption heat simultaneously through sensible heat.
Preferred embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1, the ammonia diffusion absorption type refrigerating system includes: waste gas heat exchanger 50, separator 58, solution heat exchanger 42, condensation absorber 37, solution shield pump 39, gas heat exchanger 22, diffusion evaporator 20, refrigerant heat exchanger 8, seawater heat exchanger 2, wherein: the waste gas heat exchanger 50 is connected with the separator 58 through a connecting pipeline, the waste gas heat exchanger tube bundle ammonia water outlet pipe 53 is connected with the separator ammonia water inlet pipe 68, and the waste gas heat exchanger tube bundle ammonia water inlet pipe 47 is connected with the separator auxiliary rectification tube bundle ammonia water outlet pipe 54.
The separator 58 is connected with the solution heat exchanger 42, the connection pipeline is that a separator dilute solution outlet pipe 64 is connected with a solution heat exchanger dilute solution inlet pipe 41, a separator feeding liquid distributor 62 is connected with a solution heat exchanger concentrated ammonia water outlet pipe 43, and a separator rectifying tube bundle concentrated ammonia water outlet pipe 56 is connected with a solution heat exchanger concentrated ammonia water inlet pipe 44;
the separator 58 is connected with the condensation absorber 37, and the connecting pipeline is that a separator ammonia gas outlet pipe 57 is connected with a bundle liquid ammonia inlet pipe 35 in the condensation absorber;
the condensation absorber 37 is connected with the heat regenerator 42, and the connection pipeline is that the heat regenerator dilute ammonia water outlet pipe 46 is connected with the condensation absorber ammonia water outlet pipe 38;
the condensation absorber 37 is connected with the separator 58, and the connection pipeline is that the ammonia water outlet pipe 38 of the condensation absorber is connected with the inlet pipe 59 of the rectifying tube bundle of the separator through the solution shielding pump 39;
the condensation absorber 37 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 22, the connection pipeline is that the condensation absorber gas outlet pipe 31 is connected with the gas heat exchanger return gas inlet pipe 24, and the condensation absorber tube bundle outlet pipe 40 is connected with the gas heat exchanger supercooling tube bundle inlet pipe 26.
The condensation absorber 37 is welded with the outlet pipe of the ejector 33;
the gas heat exchanger 22 is connected with the diffusion evaporator 20 through a connecting pipeline that an outlet pipe 29 of a gas heat exchanger supercooling pipe bundle is connected with a liquid distribution pipe connecting pipe 15 of the diffusion evaporator, a gas inlet pipe 28 of the gas heat exchanger is connected with a gas outlet pipe 14 of the diffusion evaporator, and a return gas outlet pipe 30 of the gas heat exchanger is connected with a gas inlet pipe 19 of the diffusion evaporator;
the diffusion evaporator 20 is connected with the refrigerant heat exchanger 8, the connection pipeline is that a liquid ammonia outlet pipe 21 of the diffusion evaporator is connected with an inlet pipe 10 of a refrigerant heat exchanger tube bundle through a liquid ammonia shield pump 70, and a liquid distributor connecting pipe 13 of the diffusion evaporator is connected with an outlet pipe 9 of the refrigerant heat exchanger tube bundle;
the condensation absorber 37 is connected with the seawater heat exchanger 2, and the connecting pipeline is that an ammonia water outlet pipe 38 of the condensation absorber is connected with an inlet pipe 4 of a seawater heat exchanger tube bundle through a solution shielding pump 39;
the ejector 33 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 22, and the connection pipeline of the ejector gas inlet pipe 32 and the gas heat exchanger gas outlet pipe 23 is connected;
the ejector 33 is connected with the seawater heat exchanger 2, and the connection pipeline of the ejector 33 is that an ejector liquid inlet pipe 34 is connected with an outlet pipe 3 of a seawater heat exchanger tube bundle;
the waste gas heat exchanger 50 comprises a waste gas inlet pipe 51, a waste gas outlet pipe 48, a heat exchange pipe bundle 52, an ammonia water outlet pipe 53, an ammonia water inlet pipe 47 and a stainless steel shell 49, wherein the waste gas inlet pipe 51 is connected to the lower part of the waste gas heat exchanger 50, the waste gas outlet pipe 48 is connected to the upper part of the waste gas heat exchanger 50, the ammonia water inlet pipe 47 is connected to the top part of the heat exchange pipe bundle 52, and the ammonia water outlet pipe 53 is connected to the bottom part of the heat exchange pipe bundle 52.
The separator 58 comprises an ammonia gas outlet pipe 57, a rectifying tube bundle 60, a rectifying tube bundle inlet pipe 59, a rectifying tube bundle outlet pipe 56, an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61, an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle outlet pipe 54, a separator liquid distributor 62, a regenerative tube bundle 63, a regenerative tube bundle inlet 66 and a dilute solution outlet pipe 64, wherein the rectifying tube 60, the auxiliary rectifying tube 61, the separator liquid distributor 62, the regenerative tube bundle 63, a separator filler 65 and a gas distribution pipe 67 are sequentially arranged in the separator from top to bottom; an ammonia gas outlet pipe 57 is connected out of the top of the separator 58, a rectifying tube bundle inlet pipe 59 is connected into the top of the rectifying tube bundle 60, a rectifying tube bundle outlet pipe 56 is connected out of the bottom of the rectifying tube bundle 60 and is connected with the top of an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61 through a tee joint, and an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle outlet pipe 54 is connected out of the bottom of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61; the separator liquid distributor 62 is connected with a solution inlet pipe 68 on the outer wall of the separator; the outlet pipe 64 of the regenerative tube bundle is connected with the top of the regenerative tube bundle 63, the inlet pipe 66 of the regenerative tube bundle is connected with the liquid outlet pipe 69 at the bottom of the separator, the dilute solution outlet pipe 64 is connected with the top of the regenerative tube bundle 63, and the filler 65 and the gas distribution pipe 67 of the separator are required to be above the liquid level of the separator.
The solution heat exchanger 42 comprises a concentrated solution inlet pipe 44, a concentrated solution outlet pipe 43, a dilute solution inlet pipe 41, a dilute solution outlet pipe 46 and a heat exchange pipe bundle 45, wherein the concentrated solution outlet pipe 43 is connected at the top of the heat exchange pipe bundle 45, and the concentrated solution inlet pipe 44 is connected at the bottom of the heat exchange pipe bundle 45; the dilute solution inlet pipe 41 is connected to the top of the solution heat exchanger 42, and the dilute solution outlet pipe 46 is connected to the bottom of the solution heat exchanger 42.
The condensation absorber 37 comprises a condensation absorption tube bundle 36, a condensation absorption tube bundle inlet pipe 35, a condensation absorption tube bundle outlet pipe 40, a gas outlet pipe 31 and a solution outlet pipe 38, wherein the condensation absorption tube bundle 36 is sealed in a stainless steel square shell, a liquid ammonia outlet pipe 40 is connected to the bottom of the condensation absorption tube bundle 36, and an ammonia gas inlet pipe 35 is connected to the top of the condensation absorption tube bundle 36; the gas outlet pipe 31 is connected out at the upper end of the condensation absorber 37; the outlet pipe of the ejector 33 is welded in at the top of the condensation absorber 37; the level of liquid in condensate absorber 37 should be lower than the condensate absorber tube bundle.
The gas heat exchanger 22 comprises a heat exchange tube bundle 25, a heat exchange tube bundle inlet tube 24, a heat exchange tube bundle outlet tube 30, an overcooling tube bundle 27, an overcooling tube bundle inlet tube 26, an overcooling tube bundle outlet tube 29, a gas inlet tube 28 and a gas outlet tube 23, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle 25 is arranged above the overcooling tube bundle 27, the gas inlet tube 28 is connected to the bottom of the gas heat exchanger 22, the gas outlet tube 23 is connected to the top of the gas heat exchanger 22, the heat exchange tube bundle outlet tube 30 is connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube bundle 25, the heat exchange tube bundle inlet tube 24 is connected to the top of the heat exchange tube bundle 25, the overcooling tube bundle outlet tube 29 is connected to the bottom of the overcooling tube.
The diffusion evaporator 20 comprises a gas outlet pipe 14, a liquid outlet pipe 21, a gas inlet pipe 19, a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe 16, a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device 17 and a diffusion evaporator filling 18, wherein the gas outlet pipe 14 is connected out from the top of the diffusion evaporator 20, the liquid outlet pipe 21 is connected out from the bottom of the diffusion evaporator 20, and the gas inlet pipe 19 is connected in below the diffusion evaporator filling section 18.
The refrigerant heat exchanger 8 comprises a heat exchange tube bundle 11, a heat exchange tube bundle inlet pipe 10, a heat exchange tube bundle outlet pipe 9, a secondary refrigerant inlet pipe 7 and a secondary refrigerant outlet pipe 12, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle outlet pipe 9 is connected out from the top of the heat exchange tube bundle, and the heat exchange tube bundle inlet pipe 10 is connected in from the bottom of the heat exchange tube bundle.
The seawater heat exchanger 2 comprises a heat exchange tube bundle 5, a heat exchange tube bundle inlet pipe 4, a heat exchange tube bundle outlet pipe 3, a seawater inlet pipe 1 and a seawater outlet pipe 6, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle inlet pipe 4 is connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube bundle 5, and the heat exchange tube bundle outlet pipe 3 is connected to the top of the heat exchange tube bundle 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific working steps of the present invention are as follows:
the solution shielding pump 39 pumps the concentrated solution in the condensation absorber 37 and the dilute solution which flows back from the solution heat exchanger (heat regenerator) 42 in a shunting manner, one path of the solution enters a rectifying tube bundle 60 in the separator 58, after the rectifying heat is recovered, the solution is shunted at a tube bundle outlet 56, one path of the solution exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the separator 58 through the solution heat exchanger 42, then the solution is fed in the separator 58 through a separator liquid distributor 62, the other path of the solution enters an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle 61 to continuously recover the rectifying heat, then the solution enters an exhaust gas heat exchanger 50 to be heated by exhaust gas, after gasification, the solution enters a gas distribution pipe 67 in the separator 58, the gas in the separator flows upwards through a separator filler 65 and a heat recovery tube bundle 63, meanwhile, the heat is released to the liquid film falling on the surfaces of the separator filler 65 and the heat recovery tube bundle 63, the filler and the liquid film on the surfaces of the heat recovery tube bundle are heated to generate steam, pure ammonia gas is obtained at an ammonia gas outlet pipe 57, the pure ammonia gas enters a condensation absorption tube bundle 36 in a condensation absorber 37 for condensation, the condensed liquid ammonia enters a supercooling tube bundle 27 in a gas heat exchanger 22 for precooling by low-temperature gas from a diffusion evaporator 20, and then enters a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe 16 in the diffusion evaporator 20 for liquid distribution. The other stream of solution pumped by the solution pump 39 enters the seawater heat exchanger 2 to be precooled by seawater, then enters the ejector 33 to inject the helium-ammonia mixed gas of the gas heat exchanger 22, the solution and the gas simultaneously enter the condensation absorber 37, ammonia gas is absorbed by the precooled solution, helium gas enters the heat exchange tube bundle 25 of the gas heat exchanger 22 through the gas outlet tube 31 of the condensation absorber, is precooled by low-temperature gas passing through the cold tube bundle 27, then enters the gas inlet tube 19 in the diffusion evaporator 20, flows upwards in the diffusion evaporator to pass through the diffusion evaporator filler 18, and liquid ammonia is diffused into the helium gas to be evaporated and refrigerated. Liquid ammonia in the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is used for sensible heat exchange, and the liquid ammonia is pumped to the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 by a liquid ammonia shielding pump 70 to exchange heat with a user side and then enters the diffusion evaporator 20 for spraying.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (6)
1. An ammonia water diffusion absorption type refrigeration system is characterized by comprising a heating subsystem, a cooling subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem and a power pump;
the inlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the refrigerating subsystem, and the outlet of the power pump is respectively connected to the heating subsystem and the cooling subsystem;
the heating subsystem is connected with the refrigerating subsystem through a set refrigerant pipeline; the cooling subsystem is connected with the refrigerating subsystem through a set absorbent pipeline;
the absorbent conduit comprises an ejector (33) and a solution conduit;
the power pump comprises a solution canned motor pump (39);
the heating subsystem includes a separator (58), an exhaust gas heat exchanger (50), and a solution heat exchanger (42);
a rectifying tube bundle (60), an auxiliary rectifying tube bundle (61), a separator liquid distributor (62), a heat return tube bundle (63) and a separator gas distribution tube (67) are arranged in the separator (58); an exhaust gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (52) is arranged in the exhaust gas heat exchanger (50); a solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (45) is arranged in the solution heat exchanger (42);
an inlet of the rectifying tube bundle (60) is connected to an outlet of the solution shielding pump (39), an outlet of the rectifying tube bundle (60) is respectively connected to an inlet of the solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (45) and an inlet of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle (61), an outlet of the solution heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (45) is connected to the separator liquid distributor (62), an outlet of the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle (61) is connected to an inlet of the waste gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (52), and an outlet of the waste gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (52) is connected to the separator gas distribution pipe (67);
an inlet of the heat return tube bundle (63) is connected to a first outlet of the inner space of the separator (58), and an outlet of the heat return tube bundle (63) is connected to an inlet of the inner space of the solution heat exchanger (42); a second outlet of the interior space of the separator (58) is connected to the refrigeration subsystem; the outlet of the inner space of the solution heat exchanger (42) is connected to the inlet of the solution shielding pump (39);
the refrigeration subsystem comprises a condensation absorber (37), a gas heat exchanger (22), a diffusion evaporator (20) and a refrigerant heat exchanger (8);
a condensation absorption tube bundle (36) is arranged in the condensation absorber (37); a heat exchange tube bundle (25) and a supercooling tube bundle (27) of the gas heat exchanger are arranged in the gas heat exchanger (22); a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe (16), a diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device (17) and a diffusion evaporator (20) are arranged in the diffusion evaporator (20); a refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (11) is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchanger (8);
an inlet of a condensation absorbing tube bundle (36) is connected to a second outlet of the inner space of the separator (58), an outlet of the condensation absorbing tube bundle (36) is connected to an inlet of a supercooling tube bundle (27), an outlet of the supercooling tube bundle (27) is connected to a liquid distribution pipe (16) of the diffusion evaporator, a first outlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber (37) is connected to an inlet of a heat exchange tube bundle (25) of the gas heat exchanger, an outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle (25) of the gas heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator (20), a first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator (20) is connected to an inlet of a refrigerant heat exchange tube bundle (11), an outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange tube bundle (11) is connected to a liquid distribution device (17) of the diffusion evaporator, a second outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator (20) is connected to an inlet of the inner space of the gas heat exchanger, a second outlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber (37) is connected to an inlet of the solution shielding pump (39);
the cooling subsystem comprises a seawater heat exchanger (2);
a seawater heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (5) is arranged in the seawater heat exchanger (2); an inlet of a seawater heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (5) is connected to an outlet of the solution shielding pump (39), and an outlet of the seawater heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (5) is connected to an inlet of an inner space of the condensation absorber (37);
a first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator (20) is connected to an inlet of a heat exchange tube bundle (11) of the refrigerant heat exchanger through a liquid ammonia shielding pump (70).
2. An ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein a separator packing (65) is further provided within the separator (58);
the rectifying tube bundle (60), the auxiliary rectifying tube bundle (61), the separator liquid distributor (62), the heat return tube bundle (63), the separator packing (65) and the separator gas distribution pipe (67) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
3. An ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein a diffusion evaporator packing (18) is further provided in the diffusion evaporator (20);
the diffusion evaporator liquid distribution pipe (16) and the diffusion evaporator liquid distribution device (17) are positioned above the diffusion evaporator filling material (18);
the inlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator (20) and the first outlet of the inner space of the diffusion evaporator (20) are positioned below the filling (18) of the diffusion evaporator.
4. Ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the outlet pipe (3) of the heat exchanger bundle of the sea water heat exchanger, the outlet of the inner space of the gas heat exchanger (22) is connected to the inlet of the inner space of the condensation absorber (37) by means of an ejector (33) arranged.
5. An ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration system according to claim 4, wherein the gas heat exchanger (22) comprises a steel cylinder gas heat exchanger, and the ejector (33) ejects gas from the diffusion evaporator (20) through the supercooling tube bundle (27) and the gas heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle (25) in sequence; the seawater heat exchanger (2) comprises a titanium seawater heat exchanger;
the heat exchange tubes in any one or more of the following positions adopt 8-shaped tube bundles: the system comprises a separator (58), an exhaust gas heat exchanger (50), a solution heat exchanger (42), a condensation absorber (37), a gas heat exchanger (22), a refrigerant heat exchanger (8) and a seawater heat exchanger (2).
6. An ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration method, using the ammonia diffusion absorption refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
after the strong ammonia water solution in the condensation absorber (37) and the backflow diluted solution in the solution heat exchanger (42) are mixed, the mixed solution is divided and pumped by a solution shielding pump (39), one path of the mixed solution is used as precooling circulating solution, enters the seawater heat exchanger (2) for heat release, and then enters a solution inlet of the ejector (33); the other path is sent to a rectification tube bundle (60) at the top of the separator (58) to recover rectification heat, then the solution is further divided into two paths, and one path enters a solution heat exchanger (42) to be preheated by dilute solution from the separator (58) and then is fed in a separator liquid distributor (62); the other end of the gas enters an auxiliary rectification tube bundle (61) to continuously recover rectification heat, then enters a waste gas heat exchanger (50) to be heated in the tube until the gas is completely gasified, is connected to the bottom of a separator (58), rises in the separator (58) and passes through a separator filler (65) and a heat return tube bundle (63), and condenses and releases heat to the solution which is added outside the separator filler (65) and the heat return tube bundle (63) and the solution which flows back in the rectification; the gas rectified at the top of the separator (58) enters a condensation absorption tube bundle (36) for condensation, condensed liquid ammonia enters a diffusion evaporator (20) after being cooled by circulating gas through a cold tube bundle (27), the circulating liquid ammonia at the bottom of the diffusion evaporator (20) enters the top of the diffusion evaporator (20) after being subjected to heat exchange through a refrigerant heat exchanger (8) and is sprayed on a diffusion evaporator filler (18), ammonia is diffused to helium under the driving of partial pressure difference, and cold energy is generated in the gasification process; then the mixed gas is injected by a circulating solution in a condensation absorber (37), the mixed gas enters the condensation absorber (37) for absorption after exchanging heat with the backflow helium gas in a gas heat exchanger (22), the helium gas flows back to a diffusion evaporator (20) through the gas heat exchanger (22), the solution in the condensation absorber (37) is circulated by a circulating pump, the solution is cooled by seawater in a titanium seawater heat exchanger (2), and the precooling circulating solution removes condensation heat and absorption heat simultaneously through sensible heat.
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| CN2423550Y (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-03-14 | 清华大学 | Jet-absorption-type heating apparatus |
| CN1766462A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2006-05-03 | 庞启东 | Ammonia absorption type refrigerating apparatus utilizing waste heat of exhaust |
| CN105650927A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-08 | Abb技术有限公司 | Apparatus |
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| CN2333971Y (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-08-18 | 山东淄博春晖集团有限公司 | Diffusion-absorption type refrigerator main |
| CN101280981B (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2010-10-06 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Diffusion absorption type refrigeration system |
| DE102011003973A1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Diffusion absorption refrigerating machine i.e. absorption refrigerator, for use in building for storing food product, has control device for switching off or on heating element according to measured physical quantity |
| CN107192163B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2023-07-18 | 华南理工大学 | Semiconductor-absorption diffusion coupling refrigerating device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2423550Y (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-03-14 | 清华大学 | Jet-absorption-type heating apparatus |
| CN1766462A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2006-05-03 | 庞启东 | Ammonia absorption type refrigerating apparatus utilizing waste heat of exhaust |
| CN105650927A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-08 | Abb技术有限公司 | Apparatus |
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