CN109611477B

CN109611477B - Quantitative return disc brake of electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN109611477B
Application number: CN201811622264.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王金波; 杨君; 衣丰艳; 徐向阳; 胡东海; 周稼铭; 张进海
Original assignee: Shandong Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Shandong Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2018-12-28
Filing date: 2018-12-28
Publication date: 2020-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-28
Also published as: CN109611477A

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative return disc brake of an electric automobile, which comprises a groove, a mounting seat, a first friction plate, a second friction plate, a first oil cylinder and a brake caliper piston, wherein a fixing plate is arranged below the mounting seat, a guide pin is welded on one side of the fixing plate, the bottom end of the mounting seat is sleeved on the outer side of the guide pin, and the inner side of the mounting seat is provided with the groove. According to the invention, the second oil cylinder is arranged in the brake caliper piston, and the second guide piston in the second oil cylinder is connected with the connecting rod extending to the position of the outer side wall of the second friction plate, so that the ball on the connecting rod can conveniently detect the abrasion loss of the second friction plate in the process of braking by using the second friction plate, the limiting sleeve in the first oil cylinder can move close to the brake caliper piston, a certain distance is always kept between the brake caliper piston and a brake disc after the brake caliper piston is used, and the moving amount of the brake caliper piston is reduced in the next braking, so that the braking sensitivity is increased, and the braking effect is improved.

Description

Quantitative return disc brake of electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a quantitative return disc brake of an electric automobile.

Background

The rotating element in the friction pair of the disc brake is a metal disc working on the end face, called a brake disc, the friction element clamps the brake disc from two sides to generate braking, the fixed element has various structural forms, the disc brake can be roughly divided into a caliper disc type and a full disc type, the caliper disc type is adopted by an electric automobile, and a floating caliper disc type brake is mostly adopted by the electric automobile.

When a driver of a vehicle or the like performs a braking operation, for example, a piston provided in a caliper is slidingly displaced toward a brake disc by an external hydraulic pressure supply, and a braking force is applied to the brake disc by pressing a friction pad against the brake disc by the piston.

At present, most of existing disc brakes adopt floating caliper disc brakes rather than fixed caliper disc brakes, because fixed caliper disc brake oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of a brake disc respectively and are communicated with an oil duct in a caliper spanning the brake disc or an external oil duct, the size of the brake caliper is overlarge inevitably, the brake caliper is difficult to install in a rim of a modern car, when the heat load is large, brake fluid in the oil cylinder (particularly an outer side oil cylinder) and the oil duct or the oil duct spanning the brake disc is easy to be vaporized by heating, and if the existing disc brakes are used for parking braking, a parking brake caliper actuated by machinery must be additionally installed. The defects make the fixed caliper disc brake difficult to adapt to the use requirements of modern automobiles, so the fixed caliper disc brake gradually lets over the floating caliper disc brake since the 70 s, but the inevitable defects of the fixed caliper are that the floating caliper is not provided, but compared with the braking principle of the floating caliper disc brake and the fixed caliper disc brake, the braking effect of the fixed caliper is slightly better than that of the floating caliper, because the brake pads at two sides are simultaneously contacted with the brake disc in the braking process of the fixed caliper, the braking effect is good, the floating caliper needs the brake pad at one side to be contacted with the brake disc firstly and then carries out braking on the brake pad at the other side, the abrasion of the brake pad contacted with the brake disc firstly is serious compared with the abrasion of the brake pad contacted with the back, the sensitivity of braking is poor, the existing disc brake is inconvenient to carry out quantitative return after the abrasion of the brake pad, and the gap between the brake pads at two sides and the brake disc is inconvenient, affecting the braking effect of the disc brake.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a quantitative return disc brake for an electric automobile, which solves the problems that the quantitative return of the existing disc brake in the background art is inconvenient to carry out after a brake pad is worn, and the gap between the brake pad at two sides and a brake disc is inconvenient to keep at a certain width, so that the braking effect of the disc brake is influenced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electric automobile ration return disc brake, includes recess, mount pad, first friction disc, second friction disc, first hydro-cylinder and braking pincers piston, the below of mount pad is equipped with the fixed plate, the welding of one side of fixed plate has the uide pin, the bottom cover of mount pad is established in the uide pin outside, the inboard of mount pad is equipped with the recess, be equipped with first friction disc on the mount pad inside wall of groove position department, the inside first hydro-cylinder that is equipped with of mount pad of the corresponding one side of first friction disc, be equipped with the baffle on the mount pad of first hydro-cylinder intermediate position department, the inside braking pincers piston that is equipped with of first hydro-cylinder in the baffle outside, the one end that the baffle was kept away from to the braking pincers piston extends to the recess inside and is equipped with the second friction disc, the welding of intermediate position department that the braking pincers piston is close to baffle one end has the connecting pipe, the one end The brake caliper comprises a plug, a hydraulic groove is arranged inside a mounting seat between a first guide piston and a baffle, a first return spring is arranged on the outer side of a connecting pipe between the first guide piston and the baffle, a second oil cylinder is arranged inside the brake caliper piston and communicated with the connecting pipe, a second guide piston is arranged inside the second oil cylinder, a connecting rod is arranged at the middle position of the second guide piston, which is far away from one end of the connecting pipe, the end, which is far away from the second guide piston, of the connecting rod penetrates through the brake caliper piston and extends into the second friction plate, a ball is arranged at the end, which extends to the position of the second friction plate, of the connecting rod, a through groove matched with the connecting rod is arranged on the second friction plate, a third oil cylinder is arranged inside the mounting seat on one side of the first oil cylinder, one end, which is far away from the first oil cylinder, is in a branched arrangement, and a first oil pipeline is connected, the first oil delivery pipe is communicated with a connecting pipe, third guide pistons are arranged on two sides of the inner portion of one end, far away from the first oil cylinder, of the third oil cylinder, a first adjusting rod is connected to the middle position of the outer side wall of the third guide piston, one end, far away from the third guide piston, of the first adjusting rod extends into the first oil cylinder, a limiting sleeve is connected between the ends, extending into the first oil cylinder, of the first adjusting rods on two sides, a fourth oil cylinder is arranged at one end of the inner portion of the guide pin, a fourth guide piston is arranged inside the fourth oil cylinder, a movable groove is arranged inside the guide pin on one side of the fourth oil cylinder, a movable seat is sleeved outside the guide pin on the position of the movable groove, a second adjusting rod is connected to one side, close to the movable groove, of the second adjusting rod, far away from the fourth guide piston, extends into the movable groove and is welded with the movable seat, and a second oil delivery pipe is connected between the fourth oil cylinder and the hydraulic groove, and a second return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the guide pin between the movable seat and the mounting seat.

Preferably, an oil filling groove is formed in the mounting seat, and one end of the oil filling groove is communicated with the first oil cylinder.

Preferably, the cross section of the third oil cylinder is M-shaped.

Preferably, the diameter of the connecting rod is slightly larger than the aperture of the through groove, and the first oil delivery pipe is provided with a one-way valve.

Preferably, the moving amount of the movable seat per unit time is 1/2 times the moving amount of the caliper piston per unit time.

Preferably, the first oil delivery pipe and the second oil delivery pipe can be in the form of hoses or telescopic pipes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1): the second oil cylinder is arranged in the brake caliper piston, the second guide piston in the second oil cylinder is connected with the connecting rod extending to the position of the outer side wall of the second friction plate, so that the ball on the connecting rod can conveniently detect the abrasion loss of the second friction plate in the process of braking by using the second friction plate, when the second friction plate is in contact with the brake disc for braking, the abrasion thickness of the second friction plate is reduced, the ball and the connecting rod are driven to press downwards, the second guide piston is used for extruding hydraulic oil in the second oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil in the second oil cylinder sequentially passes through the connecting pipe and the first oil pipeline to enter the third oil cylinder, the third guide pistons on two sides in the third oil cylinder are enabled to ascend, the limiting sleeve in the first oil cylinder is enabled to move close to the brake caliper piston, and a certain length of distance is always kept between the brake caliper piston and the brake disc after use, and the moving amount of the brake caliper piston is reduced when the next braking is carried out, so that the braking sensitivity is increased, and the braking effect is improved.

(2): the hydraulic groove is arranged between the first guide piston and the baffle plate, the outer side of the connecting pipe at the position of the hydraulic groove is sleeved with the first return spring, the second oil pipeline is connected between the hydraulic groove and the fourth oil cylinder, the installation seat and the first friction plate can be conveniently driven to be close to the second friction plate in the process of controlling the brake caliper piston to protrude for braking, the first friction plate can be simultaneously close to the brake disc in the process of driving the second friction plate to protrude by the brake caliper piston by controlling the movement amount of the brake caliper piston in unit time to be twice of the movement amount of the movable seat, the gap width between the first friction plate and the brake disc and the gap width between the second friction plate and the brake disc are kept, the response speed of the first friction plate and the second friction plate can be increased in the process of braking, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate can be simultaneously contacted with the brake disc for braking in the process of braking, increase braking effect, and at the in-process that detects the wearing and tearing of second friction disc, can carry out suitable replenishment to the wearing and tearing volume of first friction disc simultaneously, because first friction disc and second friction disc contact with the brake disc simultaneously, then first friction disc is roughly the same with the in-process wearing and tearing volume of second friction disc long-time use, then when utilizing the stop collar to replenish the second friction disc wearing and tearing volume, make under the reset state first guide piston extrude the hydraulic pressure groove, make the initial position of sliding seat shift forward, make first friction disc be close to for the brake disc, the replacement wearing and tearing volume, promote braking effect, and first reset spring 4 can provide the pulling force that resets to the braking pincers piston at the in-process that the braking pincers piston used, thereby use the ration return effect of first friction disc and second friction disc.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a caliper piston and a first pilot piston according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion A of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the part B of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a groove; 2. a mounting seat; 3. a baffle plate; 4. a first return spring; 5. a hydraulic tank; 6. a connecting pipe; 7. a first pilot piston; 8. an oil injection groove; 9. a second adjusting lever; 10. a movable groove; 11. a guide pin; 12. a second return spring; 13. a movable seat; 14. a fourth cylinder; 15. a fixing plate; 16. a fourth pilot piston; 17. a second oil delivery pipe; 18. a first friction plate; 19. a second friction plate; 20. a second cylinder; 21. a first oil delivery pipe; 22. a second pilot piston; 23. a through groove; 24. a ball bearing; 25. a connecting rod; 26. a first cylinder; 27. a first adjusting lever; 28. a third pilot piston; 29. a third oil cylinder; 30. a limiting sleeve; 31. a caliper piston.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a quantitative return disc brake of an electric automobile comprises a groove 1, a mounting seat 2, a first friction plate 18, a second friction plate 19, a first oil cylinder 26 and a brake caliper piston 31, wherein a fixing plate 15 is arranged below the mounting seat 2, a guide pin 11 is welded on one side of the fixing plate 15, the bottom end of the mounting seat 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide pin 11, the groove 1 is arranged on the inner side of the mounting seat 2, the first friction plate 18 is arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting seat 2 at the position of the groove 1, the first oil cylinder 26 is arranged inside the mounting seat 2 on one side, corresponding to the first friction plate 18, of the mounting seat 2, an oil injection groove 8 is arranged inside the mounting seat 2, one end of the oil injection groove 8 is communicated with the first oil cylinder 26, a baffle plate 3 is arranged on the mounting seat 2 at the middle position of the first oil cylinder 26, the brake caliper piston 31 is arranged inside the first oil cylinder 26 at, a connecting pipe 6 is welded at the middle position of one end, close to the baffle plate 3, of the brake caliper piston 31, one end, far away from the brake caliper piston 31, of the connecting pipe 6 penetrates through the baffle plate 3 and is provided with a first guide piston 7 matched with a first oil cylinder 26, a hydraulic groove 5 is arranged inside a mounting seat 2 between the first guide piston 7 and the baffle plate 3, a first return spring 4 is arranged on the outer side of the connecting pipe 6 between the first guide piston 7 and the baffle plate 3, a second oil cylinder 20 is arranged inside the brake caliper piston 31, the second oil cylinder 20 is communicated with the connecting pipe 6, a second guide piston 22 is arranged inside the second oil cylinder 20, a connecting rod 25 is arranged at the middle position of one end, far away from the second guide piston 22, of the connecting rod 25 penetrates through the brake caliper piston 31 and extends to the inside of a second friction plate 19, and a ball 24 is arranged at one end, far away from the second guide piston, a through groove 23 matched with the connecting rod 25 is arranged on the second friction plate 19, a third oil cylinder 29 is arranged in the mounting seat 2 on one side of the first oil cylinder 26, the cross section of the third oil cylinder 29 is in an M shape, one end of the third oil cylinder 29 far away from the first oil cylinder 26 is in a branched arrangement, a first oil pipeline 21 is connected between the third oil cylinder 29 and the first guide piston 7, the first oil pipeline 21 is communicated with the connecting pipe 6, the diameter of the connecting rod 25 is slightly larger than the aperture of the through groove 23, a one-way valve is arranged on the first oil pipeline 21, third guide pistons 28 are arranged on two sides of the inner part of one end of the third oil cylinder 29 far away from the first oil cylinder 26, a first adjusting rod 27 is connected at the middle position of the outer side wall of the third guide piston 28, one end of the first adjusting rod 27 far away from the third guide pistons 28 extends into the first oil cylinder 26, and a limiting sleeve 30 is connected between one ends of the, a fourth oil cylinder 14 is arranged at one end inside the guide pin 11, a fourth guide piston 16 is arranged inside the fourth oil cylinder 14, a movable groove 10 is arranged inside the guide pin 11 on one side of the fourth oil cylinder 14, a movable seat 13 is sleeved outside the guide pin 11 at the position of the movable groove 10, a second adjusting rod 9 is connected to one side, close to the movable groove 10, of the fourth guide piston 16, one end, far away from the fourth guide piston 16, of the second adjusting rod 9 extends into the movable groove 10 and is welded with the movable seat 13, a second oil delivery pipe 17 is connected between the fourth oil cylinder 14 and the hydraulic groove 5, the first oil delivery pipe 21 and the second oil delivery pipe 17 can be in a hose or telescopic pipe mode, the moving amount of the movable seat 13 in unit time is 1/2 length of the moving amount of the brake caliper piston 31 in unit time, and a second return spring 12 is sleeved outside the guide pin 11 between the movable seat 13 and the mounting seat 2.

The working principle is as follows: when braking is needed, hydraulic oil is injected into the first oil cylinder 26 through the oil injection groove 8, the first guide piston 7 is forced to drive the brake caliper piston 31 and the second friction plate 19 to move close to the brake disc, in the process that the first guide piston 7 moves outwards, the first guide piston 7 is utilized to extrude the hydraulic groove 5, so that the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic groove 5 enters the fourth oil cylinder 14 through the second oil pipeline 17, the fourth guide piston 16 is driven to move outwards, the movable seat 13 and the mounting seat 2 move towards the opposite direction of the brake caliper piston 31 simultaneously, the first friction plate 18 is driven to approach the brake disc, the first friction plate 18 and the second friction plate 19 are simultaneously contacted with the brake disc, friction braking is carried out, after the hydraulic oil is loosened, the hydraulic oil in the first oil cylinder 26 flows back, the first guide piston 7 is reset under the action of suction force and the first reset spring 4, at the moment, the hydraulic oil in the fourth oil cylinder 14 flows back to the inside of the hydraulic groove 5, so that the movable seat 13 and the mounting seat 2 are quantitatively reset, the normal running of the vehicle is prevented from being influenced, when the second friction plate 19 is worn, the length of the connecting rod 25 extending out of the second oil cylinder 20 is shortened, the hydraulic oil entering the third oil cylinder 29 in the second oil cylinder 20 is increased, the third guide piston 28 is used for driving the limiting sleeve 30 to extend the length of the abrasion amount of the second friction plate 19 in the first oil cylinder 26, so that the second friction plate 19 always keeps a certain distance with the brake disc after being reset, the position of the limiting sleeve 30 is changed, the position of the first guide piston 7 is changed, the volume of the hydraulic groove 5 in the reset state is adjusted, and the initial positions of the movable seat 13, the mounting seat 2 and the first friction plate 18 are close to the brake disc, so as to compensate the abrasion amount of the first friction plate 18, the first friction plate 18 and the brake disc are always kept at a certain width, and the using effect is improved.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile ration return disc brake, includes recess (1), mount pad (2), first friction disc (18), second friction disc (19), first hydro-cylinder (26) and braking pincers piston (31), its characterized in that: a fixing plate (15) is arranged below the mounting seat (2), a guide pin (11) is welded on one side of the fixing plate (15), the bottom end of the mounting seat (2) is sleeved on the outer side of the guide pin (11), a groove (1) is arranged on the inner side of the mounting seat (2) at the position of the groove (1), a first friction plate (18) is arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting seat (2) at the position of the groove (1), a first oil cylinder (26) is arranged inside the mounting seat (2) at one side corresponding to the first friction plate (18), a baffle plate (3) is arranged on the mounting seat (2) at the middle position of the first oil cylinder (26) at the outer side of the baffle plate (3), a brake caliper piston (31) is arranged inside the first oil cylinder (26) at the outer side of the baffle plate (3), one end, far away from the baffle plate (3), of the brake caliper piston (31) extends to the inside of the groove (1) and is, one end, far away from the brake caliper piston (31), of the connecting pipe (6) penetrates through the baffle (3) and is provided with a first guide piston (7) matched with the first oil cylinder (26), a hydraulic groove (5) is formed in the mounting seat (2) between the first guide piston (7) and the baffle (3), a first reset spring (4) is arranged on the outer side of the connecting pipe (6) between the first guide piston (7) and the baffle (3), a second oil cylinder (20) is arranged in the brake caliper piston (31), the second oil cylinder (20) is communicated with the connecting pipe (6), a second guide piston (22) is arranged in the second oil cylinder (20), a connecting rod (25) is arranged in the middle position, far away from one end of the connecting pipe (6), of the connecting rod (25) far away from the second guide piston (22), penetrates through the brake caliper piston (31) and extends to the interior of the second friction plate (19), the one end that connecting rod (25) extended to second friction disc (19) position department is equipped with ball (24), and is equipped with on second friction disc (19) with connecting rod (25) matched with logical groove (23), mount pad (2) inside of first hydro-cylinder (26) one side is equipped with third hydro-cylinder (29), the one end branching that first hydro-cylinder (26) was kept away from in third hydro-cylinder (29) is arranged, be connected with first defeated oil pipe (21) between third hydro-cylinder (29) and first guide piston (7), first defeated oil pipe (21) is linked together with connecting pipe (6), the inside both sides that first hydro-cylinder (26) one end was kept away from in third hydro-cylinder (29) all are equipped with third guide piston (28), the intermediate position department of third guide piston (28) lateral wall is connected with first regulation pole (27), the one end that third guide piston (28) were kept away from in first regulation pole (27) all extends to inside first hydro-cylinder (26), and both sides are first adjusted pole (27) and are extended to and be connected with stop collar (30) between the inside one end of first hydro-cylinder (26), the inside one end of uide pin (11) is equipped with fourth hydro-cylinder (14), the inside of fourth hydro-cylinder (14) is equipped with fourth guide piston (16), uide pin (11) inside of fourth hydro-cylinder (14) one side is equipped with movable groove (10), uide pin (11) outside cover of activity groove (10) position department is equipped with sliding seat (13), one side that fourth guide piston (16) are close to movable groove (10) is connected with second regulation pole (9), the one end that fourth guide piston (16) were kept away from in second regulation pole (9) extends to movable groove (10) inside and welds mutually with sliding seat (13), be connected with second defeated oil pipe (17) between fourth hydro-cylinder (14) and hydraulic groove (5), and the uide pin (11) outside cover between sliding seat (13) and mount pad (2) is equipped with second reset spring (12).

2. The quantitative return disc brake of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: an oil filling groove (8) is formed in the mounting base (2), and one end of the oil filling groove (8) is communicated with the first oil cylinder (26).

3. The quantitative return disc brake of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the third oil cylinder (29) is M-shaped.

4. The quantitative return disc brake of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of connecting rod (25) slightly is greater than the aperture of logical groove (23), and is equipped with the check valve on first defeated oil pipe (21).

5. The quantitative return disc brake of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moving amount of the movable seat (13) per unit time is 1/2 of the moving amount of the brake caliper piston (31) per unit time.

6. The quantitative return disc brake of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first oil delivery pipe (21) and the second oil delivery pipe (17) are in the form of hoses or telescopic pipes.