CN109610024B - Cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of composite fibers, and discloses a cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of dissolving cellulose to prepare a cellulose dissolving solution by taking the cellulose as a base material, mixing molybdenum disulfide and the cellulose dissolving solution, spinning and regenerating the mixed solution of the molybdenum disulfide and the cellulose dissolving solution in a coagulating bath by adopting a wet spinning technology to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber, and finally dehydrating and drying the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber. The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the method has an excellent porous structure, a high specific surface area, a high mechanical property, good processability, excellent heat-insulating property and flame retardant property, and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite fibers, and particularly relates to a cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Aerogels, also known as xerogels. When most of the solvent is removed from the gel, the liquid content in the gel is much less than the solid content, or the space network structure of the gel is filled with gas, the appearance is solid, and the aerogel is obtained. The aerogel is a porous solid material with a three-dimensional network structure, has excellent performances such as large specific surface area, high porosity and low thermal conductivity coefficient, and is widely applied to the aspects of heat preservation, energy, adsorption, catalysis and the like. Currently, aerogels mainly include inorganic aerogels and organic aerogels, and compared with inorganic aerogels, organic aerogels with good mechanical properties and flexibility are more concerned by researchers in various countries.
Cellulose is the most abundant biomass resource in nature, has the advantages of low price, reproducibility, easy degradation and the like, and is an ideal material for developing organic aerogel. Cellulose-based aerogels have been developed for a number of applications, based on cellulose and modifications thereof, such as: thermal insulating aerogels, catalytic aerogels, adsorbent aerogels, and the like. Although cellulose-based aerogels have shown good and broad application prospects in recent years, certain disadvantages still exist in certain aspects. Firstly, most of the cellulose-based aerogel materials developed in the prior art are block-shaped or sheet-shaped, and since the cellulose-based aerogels are limited by the shapes of the cellulose-based aerogels, the cellulose-based aerogels cause much inconvenience in the aspects of forming, drying and washing; secondly, cellulose is a flammable substance, so that aerogel materials prepared by taking cellulose as a base material also have the flammability, which can limit the use environment of the cellulose-based aerogel; finally, since the cellulose aerogel is a flexible material, there still exists a certain defect in mechanical properties. Although researchers in various countries have enhanced the mechanical properties of cellulose aerogel by using nanocellulose with the development of nanotechnology in recent years, the application prospect of nanocellulose is not good due to the complexity of preparation and the high price of nanocellulose.
At present, no report is found about a cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber, which has the characteristics of wide raw material source, low price cost, simple preparation and green pollution.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the above method, which has an excellent porous structure, a high specific surface area, high mechanical properties, good processability, excellent heat insulation properties, and flame retardancy.
The invention further aims to provide application of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A preparation method of cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber comprises the following steps: mixing a cellulose solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution, then placing the obtained mixed solution in a wet spinning device, regenerating through a coagulating bath, and finally washing and drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
Preferably, the preparation method of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving cellulose by adopting a sodium hydroxide/urea/water solution system to prepare a cellulose dissolving solution;
(2) dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution, then placing the obtained mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle for reaction, washing the obtained reaction product to be neutral after the reaction is finished, preparing 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally ultrasonically oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution;
(3) uniformly mixing the cellulose dissolving solution obtained in the step (1) with the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution obtained in the step (2), spinning the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution through a wet spinning device, and then regenerating, washing and drying in a coagulating bath to obtain cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber;
the sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system in the step (1) is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7%), urea (mass fraction of 12%) and water (mass fraction of 81%);
the cellulose in the step (1) is at least one of bamboo pulp cellulose, bagasse pulp cellulose, cotton cellulose, gramineous pulp cellulose, softwood pulp cellulose or hardwood pulp cellulose.
The dissolving in the step (1) is dissolving for 10-60 min at-12-20 ℃;
the dosage of the cellulose in the step (1) meets the requirement that the mass concentration of the cellulose in the obtained cellulose dissolving solution is 0.5-4%;
the mass ratio of the molybdenum trioxide to the thioacetamide to the urea in the step (2) is 1.2:1.2: (10-12), preferably 1:1:9,1.2:1.2:10,1.5:1.5: 15;
the water used in the step (2) is a reaction medium, and thus the amount thereof is not limited.
The step (2) of placing in a high-pressure reaction kettle for reaction refers to reacting for 18-24 hours at 180-220 ℃;
the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude in the step (2) is 20-80%, and the oscillation time is 10-60 min;
the mass fraction of the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in the step (2) is 1-10%.
The volume ratio of the cellulose dissolving solution to the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in the step (3) is 5-20: 1;
the coagulating bath in the step (3) is a mixed solution of 10-50% by mass of sulfuric acid and 10-50% by mass of sodium sulfate which have the same volume;
the regeneration time in the step (3) is 5-30 min;
the washing in the step (3) refers to washing with water until the filtrate is neutral; the drying refers to freeze drying or supercritical drying.
The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the method.
The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber is applied to the heat insulation materials, adsorption materials and textile industry.
The mechanism of the invention is as follows:
the fiber material is used as a natural or artificially synthesized filamentous substance and has wide application, so the method has the advantages of wide raw material source, low price and cost, simple preparation, greenness and no pollution. In the method, the cellulose aerogel is prepared into filamentous fibers by adopting a mature wet spinning technology, so that the cellulose aerogel can be well formed; meanwhile, the gel can be dried well due to the reduction of the size, and in addition, the fibrous cellulose aerogel can be woven into fine lines, thread ends and hemp ropes and then processed and utilized; in addition, the molybdenum disulfide of the 1T metal phase with high melting point (1185 ℃) is adopted as the composite material, so that the defect of inflammability of the cellulose aerogel can be overcome, and the mechanical property of the aerogel is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the cellulose used in the invention is taken as the most abundant biomass resource in nature, and has the advantages of low price, renewability, easy degradation and the like, so the aerogel prepared by the invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, low price cost, simple preparation and green pollution.
(2) The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by adopting a mature wet spinning technology is a filamentous fiber with a small diameter and a small size, and has a good forming effect.
(3) The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has a good porous structure and a high specific surface area.
(4) The fibrous cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention can also be woven into fine lines, thread ends and hemp ropes, and then processed and utilized.
(5) According to the invention, the cellulose is not required to be subjected to nanocrystallization, the hydrophilic 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide and the cellulose are compounded to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber, and the hydrophilic 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide can be firmly combined with the cellulose, so that the mechanical property of the aerogel fiber is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wet spinning apparatus, wherein 1 is 0.1 MPa nitrogen; 2, self-spinning coating tank; 3 is a filtering device; 4 is a gear pump; 5 is a spinning nozzle; 6 is a fiber guide roller; 7 is a fiber; 8 is a coagulating bath; 9 is a winding device.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a radial cross section of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawings, but the invention is not to be construed as being limited thereto. It is within the scope of the present invention to make simple modifications or alterations to the methods, procedures or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention; unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The schematic of the electrospinning apparatus used in the examples is shown in FIG. 1, where 1 is 0.1 MPa nitrogen; 2, self-spinning coating tank; 3 is a filtering device; 4 is a gear pump; 5 is a spinning nozzle; 6 is a fiber guide roller; 7 is a fiber; 8 is a coagulating bath; 9 is a winding device.
Example 1
(1) At the temperature of minus 12 ℃, 0.5g of cellulose is put into a mixed solution system of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7 percent), urea (mass fraction of 12 percent) and water (mass fraction of 81 percent) in a sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system to be dissolved for 10min, and cellulose dissolving solution with the mass fraction of 0.5 percent is prepared.
(2) Respectively dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:9, uniformly stirring, then placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle to react for 18 hours at 180 ℃, washing the product to be neutral after the reaction is finished to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner under the condition that the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude is 20% and the oscillation time is 10min to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%.
(3) Uniformly mixing a cellulose dissolving solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 20:1, spinning the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution by a wet spinning device, and then regenerating the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution for 5min in a coagulating bath of the mixed solution of sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% and sodium sulfate with the mass fraction of 10% which are equal in volume by the wet spinning device to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
(4) And washing the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber with water until the filtrate is neutral, and freeze-drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
(5) The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared in example 1 has a diameter of 90 micrometers, a porosity of 85 percent and a specific surface area of 120m2(g), tensile strength of 110MPa, and thermal conductivity of 20mW m-1K-1. The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has better porous structure, mechanical property, heat insulation and heat preservation properties.
Example 2
(1) At the temperature of minus 15 ℃, 4g of cellulose is put into a mixed solution system of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7 percent), urea (mass fraction of 12 percent) and water (mass fraction of 81 percent) in a sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system to be dissolved for 20min, and cellulose dissolving solution with the mass fraction of 4 percent is prepared.
(2) Respectively dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1.2:10, uniformly stirring, then placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle to react for 20 hours at 200 ℃, washing the product to be neutral after the reaction is finished to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner under the condition that the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude is 80% and the oscillation time is 60min to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%.
(3) Uniformly mixing a cellulose dissolving solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 10:1, spinning the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution by a wet spinning device, and then regenerating the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution for 10min in a coagulating bath of the mixed solution of sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 15% and sodium sulfate with the mass fraction of 15% which are equal in volume by the wet spinning device to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
(4) And washing the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber with water until the filtrate is neutral, and freeze-drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
(5) The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared in example 2 has a diameter of 80 microns, a porosity of 90 percent and a specific surface area of 110m2G, tensile strength of 130MPa, and thermal conductivity of 26mW m-1K-1. The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has better porous structure, mechanical property, heat insulation and heat preservation properties.
Example 3
(1) At the temperature of minus 20 ℃, 2g of cellulose is put into a mixed solution system of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7 percent), urea (mass fraction of 12 percent) and water (mass fraction of 81 percent) in a sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system to be dissolved for 60min, and then cellulose solution with the mass fraction of 2 percent is prepared.
(2) Respectively dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.5:15, uniformly stirring, then placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle to react for 24 hours at 220 ℃, washing the product to be neutral after the reaction is finished to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner under the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude of 40% for 30min to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10%.
(3) Uniformly mixing a cellulose dissolving solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution according to a volume ratio of 5:1, spinning a mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution by a wet spinning device, and then regenerating the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in a coagulating bath of a mixed solution of 50% sulfuric acid and 50% sodium sulfate in terms of mass fraction in equal volumes for 30min to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
(4) And washing the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber with water until the filtrate is neutral, and freeze-drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
(5) Example 3 cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite preparedThe diameter of the fiber is 85 micrometers, the porosity is 90 percent, and the specific surface area is 130m2G, tensile strength of 120MPa, and thermal conductivity of 25mW m-1K-1. The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has better porous structure, mechanical property, heat insulation and heat preservation properties.
Example 4
(1) At the temperature of minus 12 ℃, 0.5g of cellulose is put into a mixed solution system of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7 percent), urea (mass fraction of 12 percent) and water (mass fraction of 81 percent) in a sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system to be dissolved for 10min, and cellulose dissolving solution with the mass fraction of 0.5 percent is prepared.
(2) Respectively dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:9, uniformly stirring, then placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle to react for 18 hours at 180 ℃, washing the product to be neutral after the reaction is finished to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner under the condition that the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude is 20% and the oscillation time is 10min to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%.
(3) Uniformly mixing a cellulose dissolving solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 20:1, spinning the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution by a wet spinning device, and then regenerating the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution for 5min in a coagulating bath of the mixed solution of sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% and sodium sulfate with the mass fraction of 10% which have the same volume to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
(4) And washing the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber with water until the filtrate is neutral, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
(5) Example 4 the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared had a diameter of 87 microns, a porosity of 92%, and a specific surface area of 131m2G, tensile strength of 128MPa, thermal conductivity of 30mW m-1K-1. The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has better porous structure and mechanical propertyCan also have heat insulation and heat preservation performance.
Example 5
(1) At the temperature of minus 15 ℃, 4g of cellulose is put into a mixed solution system of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7 percent), urea (mass fraction of 12 percent) and water (mass fraction of 81 percent) in a sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system to be dissolved for 20min, and cellulose dissolving solution with the mass fraction of 4 percent is prepared.
(2) Respectively dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1.2:10, uniformly stirring, then placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle to react for 20 hours at 200 ℃, washing the product to be neutral after the reaction is finished to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner under the condition that the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude is 80% and the oscillation time is 60min to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%.
(3) Uniformly mixing a cellulose dissolving solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 10:1, spinning the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution by a wet spinning device, and then regenerating the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution for 10min in a coagulating bath of the mixed solution of sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 15% and sodium sulfate with the mass fraction of 15% which have the same volume to prepare the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
(4) And washing the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber with water until the filtrate is neutral, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
(5) The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared in example 5 has a diameter of 83 micrometers, a porosity of 88%, and a specific surface area of 136m2(g), tensile strength of 119MPa, thermal conductivity of 22mW m-1K-1. The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has better porous structure, mechanical property, heat insulation and heat preservation properties.
Example 5 a scanning electron microscope image of a radial cross section of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber is shown in fig. 2, which can better illustrate that the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared in this example has a good porous structure.
Example 6
(1) At the temperature of minus 20 ℃, 2g of cellulose is put into a mixed solution system of sodium hydroxide (mass fraction of 7 percent), urea (mass fraction of 12 percent) and water (mass fraction of 81 percent) in a sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system to be dissolved for 60min, and cellulose dissolved solution with the mass fraction of 2 percent is prepared.
(2) Respectively dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.5:15, uniformly stirring, then placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle to react for 24 hours at 220 ℃, washing the product to be neutral after the reaction is finished to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner under the ultrasonic oscillation amplitude of 50% for 50min to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10%.
(3) Uniformly mixing a cellulose dissolving solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution according to a volume ratio of 5:1, spinning a mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution by a wet spinning device, and then regenerating the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in a coagulating bath of a mixed solution of 50% sulfuric acid and 50% sodium sulfate in terms of mass fraction in equal volumes for 30min to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
(4) And washing the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber with water until the filtrate is neutral, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber.
(5) The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared in example 6 has a diameter of 85 micrometers, a porosity of 89%, and a specific surface area of 126m2(g), tensile strength of 122MPa, thermal conductivity of 23mW m-1K-1The cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared by the invention has better porous structure, mechanical property, heat insulation and heat preservation property. .
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing a cellulose solution and a 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution, then placing the obtained mixed solution in a wet spinning device, regenerating through a coagulating bath, and finally washing and drying to obtain cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber;
the cellulose is at least one of bamboo pulp cellulose, cotton cellulose, gramineae pulp cellulose, softwood pulp cellulose or hardwood pulp cellulose.
2. The preparation method of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized by specifically comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving cellulose by adopting a sodium hydroxide/urea/water solution system to prepare a cellulose dissolving solution;
(2) dissolving molybdenum trioxide, thioacetamide and urea in water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution, then placing the obtained mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle for reaction, washing the obtained reaction product to be neutral after the reaction is finished, preparing 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide, and finally ultrasonically oscillating and dispersing the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the water to prepare 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing the cellulose dissolving solution in the step (1) with the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in the step (2), spinning the mixed solution of the cellulose dissolving solution and the molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution through a wet spinning device, and then regenerating, washing and drying in a coagulating bath to obtain the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide hydrogel composite fiber.
3. The method of preparing cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the sodium hydroxide/urea/aqueous solution system in the step (1) is a mixed solution with the mass fractions of sodium hydroxide, urea and water being 7%, 12% and 81% respectively;
the dissolving in the step (1) is dissolving for 10-60 min at-12-20 ℃;
the dosage of the cellulose in the step (1) meets the requirement that the mass concentration of the cellulose in the obtained cellulose dissolving solution is 0.5-4%.
4. The method of preparing cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the mass ratio of the molybdenum trioxide to the thioacetamide to the urea in the step (2) is 1.2:1.2: (10-12).
5. The method of preparing cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the step (2) of placing in a high-pressure reaction kettle for reaction refers to reacting for 18-24 hours at 180-220 ℃.
6. The method of preparing cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the mass fraction of the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide in the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in the step (2) is 1-10%.
7. The method of preparing cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the volume ratio of the cellulose dissolving solution to the 1T metal phase molybdenum disulfide aqueous solution in the step (3) is 5-20: 1.
8. The method of preparing cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the coagulating bath in the step (3) is a mixed solution of 10-50% by mass of sulfuric acid and 10-50% by mass of sodium sulfate which have the same volume;
the regeneration time in the step (3) is 5-30 min;
the washing in the step (3) refers to washing with water until the filtrate is neutral; the drying refers to freeze drying or supercritical drying.
9. A cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the cellulose-molybdenum disulfide aerogel composite fiber according to claim 9 in thermal insulation materials, adsorption materials, textile industry.
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