CN109609177A - Industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating - Google Patents
Industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating Download PDFInfo
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- CN109609177A CN109609177A CN201811517058.8A CN201811517058A CN109609177A CN 109609177 A CN109609177 A CN 109609177A CN 201811517058 A CN201811517058 A CN 201811517058A CN 109609177 A CN109609177 A CN 109609177A
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- waste oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
- C10G11/05—Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
Abstract
A kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, which is characterized in that by multistage process, waste oil is handled to reach the secondary standard used, comprising: step 1: industrial and mineral waste oil is pre-processed；Step 2: industrial and mineral waste oil pretreated in the step 1 being subjected to thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis, obtains the crude oil close to diesel oil molecules structure；Step 3: crude oil obtained in the step 2 is fractionated；Step 4: the crude oil after being fractionated in the step 3 is refined and be obtained by filtration finished product.Industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention can crack long chain alkane and single branched paraffin, it is constant to retain cycloalkane, multibranched paraffin and aromatic hydrocarbons, to reduce the condensation point of distillate, make the light diesel of the low condensation point of the heavy oil conversion of high condensation point, condensation point is lower than -10 degree.Colloid, asphalitine, sulfide, oxide and unsaturated hydrocarbons etc. can be removed well, keep product oil limpid bright, pure in smell does not degenerate after long-term storage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste oil reutilization technology field more particularly to a kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating.
Background technique
Oil supply growing tension, price rise steadily, and resource is increasingly exhausted, there is some evidence that, the low oil price epoch can
It can be gone for ever.In order to alleviate oil supply anxiety, make full use of energy resources, energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduce pollution, become give up into
Treasured has become a fundamental state policy of country, makes full use of scrap feed material, it is light that especially waste and old oils carries out catalytic pyrolysis regeneration
Heavy diesel fuel, fuel oil etc. can alleviate China's oil is short and demand is growing imbalance between supply and demand and promote environmental protection,
Turn waste into wealth, be the wise selection of country, society, enterprise, prospect is very wide.But waste and old oil types are various, ingredient is multiple
Miscellaneous, quality is different, and catalytic pyrolysis is extremely difficult, and especially catalytic cracking catalyst, catalytic pyrolysis new process and new equipment are even more
Lack, so that the resource utilization of waste and old oils is not in full use, makes the best use of everything and desired effects are not achieved.
Chinese Patent Application No.: 97118566.2, patent name is " device and method of regenerating fuel oil from waste oil "
A kind of device and method of regenerating fuel oil from waste oil disclosed in Chinese patent mainly include thermal cracking unit, are used to cracking
High boiling hydrocarbon material becomes lighter low-boiling substance to separate hydrocarbon vapor product from stickum；
Chinese Patent Application No.: 03118155.4, patent name is " to utilize waste plastics, waste oil and heavy oil mixed pyrolysis system
It is a kind of disclosed in the Chinese patent of the method for taking fuel oil " to produce fuel oil using waste plastics, waste oil and heavy oil mixed pyrolysis
Method, after mainly heavy oil, waste oil and waste plastics are mixed in a certain ratio be used as raw material, be continuously added to cracking reactor
In, liquid is fractionated and obtains gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil；
Chinese Patent Application No.: 200410060876.1, patent name is the China of the method for diesel oil " waste oil refinery at "
Disclosed in patent it is a kind of by waste oil refinery at the method for diesel oil, mainly into waste oil be added catalyst distilled, boil
The light component steam of generation is condensed, and cleanser is added, and stabilizer is added after filtering and obtains finished product；
Chinese Patent Application No.: 200510047296.3, patent name is a kind of " production that fuel oil is produced using waste oil
A kind of production method using waste oil production fuel oil disclosed in the Chinese patent of method ", mainly mixes catalyst useless
Oil carries out normal pressure catalytic pyrolysis in a kettle；
Chinese Patent Application No.: 200910226800.4, patent name is " used oil waste oil non-hydrogen catalytic pyrolysis diesel oil
A kind of technique for preparing diesel from waste machine oil/waste oil by non-hydrogen catalytic cracking disclosed in the Chinese patent of technique ", including level-one thermal cracking, two
Grade thermal cracking, non-hydrogen catalytic pyrolysis and etc.；
Chinese Patent Application No.: 201010160808.8, patent name is " to utilize the side of waste oil processing liquid fuel oil
A kind of method using waste oil processing liquid fuel oil disclosed in the Chinese patent of method ", mainly addition cationic surface are living
Property agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid, demulsification, filtering and removing heavy metal and other impurities add kieselguhr adsorption decoloration, through filters pressing by liquid and
Solid mixture separation is added isopropanol and separates fuel-displaced and water, flash point improver, antioxidant are added into the oil isolated, adjusts
Liquid-fuel oil is obtained after system.
But above-mentioned these methods, technique or device all fails thoroughly to change traditional acid-alkali refining bring waste row
It puts, pollute the disadvantages of environment, complex procedures, high production cost, time-consuming, energy consumption.
And the oil viscosity that the above method, technique or device are made is big, and density is big, blackening will be aoxidized in very short time,
And the stink and peculiar smell of oil the inside are difficult to remove, and the processing and discharge of acid sludge and waste water will cause serious secondary dirt to environment
Dye.
Since oil regeneration or waste and old oil regeneration diesel oil, fuel oil quality are difficult to control or quality dissatisfaction or environmental protection
Problematic or product itself performance is bad, is difficult to compete with regular oil product.
Summary of the invention
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, to overcome in the prior art.The problem of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, by multistage process, to waste oil into
Row processing is to reach the secondary standard used, comprising:
Step 1: industrial and mineral waste oil being pre-processed using pre-processing device；
Step 2: industrial and mineral waste oil pretreated in the step 1 being delivered in cracking reaction kettle, within a specified time
It is heated to assigned temperature and carries out thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis, obtain the crude oil close to diesel oil molecules structure；
Step 3: crude oil obtained in the step 2 being delivered to fractionation tower reactor and is fractionated and obtains diesel oil gas；
Step 4: the diesel oil gas after being fractionated in the step 3 being delivered to condenser and carries out condensation and water-oil separating；
Step 5: the diesel oil after separation being delivered to purification agitator tank and is refined and be obtained by filtration finished product；
Wherein the thermal cracking processes in the step 2 are divided into three phases, comprising:
First stage: waste oil is increased to first stage temperature in the time limit of time in the first stage；
Second stage: waste oil is warming up to second stage temperature from first stage temperature within the time limit of second stage time
Degree；
Phase III: after the completion of second stage, waste oil temperature in cracking reaction kettle is maintained into second stage temperature；
Wherein cracking reaction kettle heats the waste oil of its inside using the method for periphery winding thermal resistance, the side of heating
Method includes:
(1) first stage
Step a1: waste oil needs first stage temperature to be achieved to be set as t after pre-processing in device1, it is up to described
One phase temperature t1The time needed is set as T1, due to selecting resistance in the present invention and using electrically heated method to cracking reaction
Kettle is heated, then needs to select resistance in this stage；
Waste oil is heated to heat required for first stage temperature and is set as W after pre-processing in counterincision solution reaction kettle1, then W1
It can be acquired by formula (1):
W1=cm Δ t1 (1)
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after pretreatment, and m is the specific heat of waste oil after the pretreatment added into cracking reaction kettle
Hold, Δ t1It is waste oil after the pretreatment from initial temperature t0It is warming up to first stage temperature t1When temperature difference；
Step b1: W is calculated1Afterwards, formula (2) are carried it into, manufacture first stage heat W is found out1Required first stage function
Rate P1:
W1=η P1T1 (2)
Wherein η is the heat absorption efficiency of waste oil after pretreatment；
Step c1: first stage power P is found out1Afterwards, the voltage U used according to the resistance is found out described using formula (3)
The specific resistance value R of resistance:
Step d1: the resistance value R can be determined by formula (4):
R=ρ ls (4)
Wherein ρ is resistivity, and specific value is related to the material of resistance, and l is the length of resistance wire, and s is resistance wire
Sectional area；
Step e1: resistance wire interface radius is set as r, then resistance wire sectional area s=π r2, formula (4) are carried it at this time
:
R=ρ l π r2 (5)
The height of cracking reaction kettle is set as H, diameter is set as d, formula (6) can be obtained at this time:
WhereinIt is wrapped in the circle number on cracking reaction kettle for resistance wire, the length l of resistance wire can be found out by above formula
With section radius r；
Step f1: after finding out l and r, finding out electricalresistivityρ according to required resistance value R using formula (5), and selects corresponding resistance
The material of rate ρ enables resistance wire counterincision solution reaction kettle be heated after being installed as resistance wire using specified voltage value U,
Waste oil after pretreatment can be made within a specified time to be heated to assigned temperature；
(2) second stage
Step a2: waste oil needs second stage temperature to be achieved to be set as t after pre-processing in device2, it is up to described
Two-stage temperature t2The time needed is set as T2；
Waste oil is heated to heat required for second stage temperature and is set as W after pre-processing in counterincision solution reaction kettle2, then W2
It can be acquired by formula (7):
W2=cm Δ t2 (7)
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after pretreatment, and m is the specific heat of waste oil after the pretreatment added into cracking reaction kettle
Hold, Δ t2It is waste oil after the pretreatment from first stage temperature t1It is warming up to second stage temperature t2When temperature difference；
Step b2: W is calculated2Afterwards, formula (8) are carried it into, manufacture second stage heat W is found out2Required second stage function
Rate P2:
W2=η P2T2 (8)
Step c1: second stage power P is found out2Afterwards, according to the specific resistance value R of the resistance, institute is found out using formula (9)
State the specific current value I in circuit:
P2=I2R (9)
So far, the control system is in second stage, in the case where guaranteeing that voltage U is constant, by adjusting electric current I
To designated value to realize in second stage time T2It is interior that waste oil after the pretreatment is heated to second stage temperature t2；
(3) phase III
After the completion of second stage, control system will control the heating temperature of resistance so as to locate in advance in the cracking reaction kettle
The temperature of waste oil is maintained within a certain range after reason；
Due in the phase III, the normal temperature t of waste oil after pretreatment3With second stage temperature t2It is identical, therefore,
Control system described in phase III is not necessarily to that parameter is adjusted, waste oil after the heat for issuing resistance wire with this and pretreatment
Heat it is identical, according to heating power law of conservation, the heat of the two will not occur shift or transmit, so as to locate in advance in cracking reaction kettle
The temperature of waste oil maintains within the specified range after reason.
Further, the temperature of catalytic cracking is 350-550 DEG C in the step 2.
Further, the catalytic pyrolysis in the step 2 includes liquid-phase catalysis and gas phase catalysis.
Further, the liquid-phase catalyst includes 1-5 parts of base catalyst, 1-4 parts of co-catalyst, collaboration by weight
1-5 parts of regulator；Wherein:
The base catalyst is anhydrous aluminum chloride, iron chloride, copper oxide, aluminium oxide, silica, manganese dioxide, dioxy
Change one of zirconium or a variety of mixtures；
The co-catalyst is activated alumina, boehmite dry glue powder, active silicic acid aluminium, alumino-silicate, sial are dry
One of rubber powder, macro porous silica gel, large pore molecular sieve or a variety of mixtures；
The synergic adjustment agent is one of bentonite, atlapulgite, diatomite, attapulgite, kaolin or a variety of
Mixture.
Further, the gas phase catalyst includes: by weight
Further, subtractive process in the step 4 is using exempting from acid-alkali refining agent, and described to exempt from acid-alkali refining agent be a kind of
Compound refining agent includes by weight absorption -1-8 parts of sedimentation agent, helps 5-10 parts of active component, cationic surfactant 0-
1 part, 0-1 parts of nonionic surfactant, 0-5 parts of cosurfactant, 5-10 parts of diesel oil；Wherein:
Absorption-the sedimentation agent is ethylenediamine, triethylamine, N- alkyldiethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, diethylenetriamine, three second
The mixture of one or more of alkene diamines, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylenepentamine；
It is described to help active component for ethanol amine, triethanolamine, isopropylamine, N- phenyldiethanol-amine, sulfuric acid vinyl ester, guanidine
The mixture of one or more of the carbonic ester of class；
The cationic surfactant is fatty acid salt, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, the poly dimethyl diene of cationic polymer
The mixture of one or more of propyl ammonium chloride, polymethyl acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride；
The nonionic surfactant is surfactant, the polyoxyethylene of polyoxyethylene sorbitan oleic acid esters
Sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene non-ionic surfactant, nonyl
The mixture of one or more of phenol polyethenoxy ether nonionic surfactant；
The cosurfactant is one of glyceryl monooleate, n nonylphenol, n-heptanol, n-octyl alcohol, sec-n-octyl alcohol
Or several mixture.
Further, this technique further includes the steps that burning waste gas recovery and flue gas heat recycles.
Further, entire process flow is the process of the automatic continuous production in enclosure space charging and deslagging.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention can be by length
Alkane and single branched paraffin are cracked, and reservation cycloalkane, multibranched paraffin and aromatic hydrocarbons are constant, to reduce the solidifying of distillate
Point makes the light diesel of the low condensation point of the heavy oil conversion of high condensation point, and condensation point is lower than -10 degree.Colloid, pitch can be removed well
Matter, sulfide, oxide and unsaturated hydrocarbons etc. keep product oil limpid bright, and pure in smell does not degenerate after long-term storage.
Further, industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention is not sticky in process of production, does not block pipeline, production
Simple process, condition are easy to control, and small investment, quick, high-efficient, easy to operate using simple.
Further, industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention ensure that production high efficiency because of its continuity；Because of it
It automates and greatly reduces labor intensity, improve safety；Because its can using various waste oil make raw material due to it is versatile；Cause
It refines crude product oil and product oil is high-quality bright；It is especially energy saving due to it at the uniform velocity recycles self heat supply of exhaust gas；Because its is right
Exhaust gas, waste residue, useless cigarette comprehensive treatment and it is very environmentally friendly.
Further, industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention is easy to operate, energy conservation and environmental protection, operating cost are low, efficiency
High urges the automatic continuous production technique for splitting method waste oil regeneration diesel oil, this technique can urge the waste oil split in addition to mineral oil, moreover it is possible to
Urge and split grease type waste oil, or both mixture, including almost all of all kinds of waste oil, versatile, regenerated weight diesel oil
Or fuel oil it is limpid it is bright, color is good, calorific value is high, modest viscosity, good fluidity, flash-point are high, meet country or professional standard.
Further, the waste and old oils source of the automatic production line primary raw material of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention
Extensively, it is good for the environment, can effectively mitigate the energy to the degree of dependence of petroleum.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process equipment flow chart of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure diagram of cracking reaction kettle of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to which objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is further retouched below with reference to embodiment
It states；It should be appreciated that described herein, the specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the forgoing and additional technical features and advantages are described in more detail.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described with reference to the accompanying drawings.It will be apparent to a skilled person that this
A little embodiments are used only for explaining technical principle of the invention, are not limiting the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the instruction such as term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outside"
Direction or the term of positional relationship be direction based on the figure or positional relationship, this is intended merely to facilitate description, and
It is not that indication or suggestion described device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore not
It can be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition it is also necessary to explanation, in the description of the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " peace
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally
Connection；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary,
It can be the connection inside two elements.To those skilled in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term exists as the case may be
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
Refering to Figure 1, it is the technological process apparatus figure of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating of the present invention, including locate in advance
Manage unit 1, cracking reaction kettle 2, fractionation tower reactor 3 and purification agitator tank 5；Wherein, described to be arranged with processing unit 1 in the cracking
The inlet of reaction kettle 2, to be pre-processed to waste oil；The cracking reaction kettle is connected with described with processing unit 1, to
Thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis are carried out to waste oil after pretreatment and generate crude oil；The fractionation tower reactor 3 goes out with the cracking reaction kettle 2
It is connected at mouthful, is delivered to the condenser 4 from upper end to be fractionated to the crude oil, and by diesel oil gas；The condenser 4
It is connected with 3 upper end outlet of fractionation tower reactor, carries out water-oil separating to condense the diesel oil gas, and to it；The purification is stirred
The exit that the condenser 4 is arranged in tank 5 is mixed, it is residual to be refined to the diesel oil after separation, and by what is contained inside it
Slag filtering.
When the industrial and mineral waste oil process equipment starts operation, waste oil is first delivered to described and processing unit 1, it is described pre-
Processing unit 1 can be dehydrated waste oil, decontamination, remove greasy filth, goes the pretreatments such as colloid, deoxidation compound, after the completion of pretreatment,
Waste oil after pretreatment is delivered in cracking reaction kettle 2 and begins to warm up by system, urges during heating to addition gas phase inside it
Agent, under the action of gas phase catalyst, by waste oil catalytic pyrolysis after the pretreatment, to be formed close to diesel oil molecules structure
Crude oil be transported to the fractionation tower reactor 3 after the completion of waste oil cracking, by boiling point substance difference each in waste oil,
By in crude oil moisture and diesel oil flash to diesel oil gas and sent out from upper end, the diesel oil gas is delivered to the condensing unit 4 and passes through
By water-oil separating after condensation, the oil after separation is delivered to purification agitator tank 5, and exempt from acid-alkali refining agent to addition inside it with right
Oil after separation is refined, and upper layer oil product and lower layer's residue are obtained, up to purification finished product after being filtered to upper layer oil product.This
The technical staff in field it is understood that this work invents the skill equipment cannot be only used for handling industrial and mineral oil reclaiming,
It can also be used for carrying out regeneration treatment to other kinds of waste oil, as long as meeting the regeneration technology equipment, can to reach its specified
Working condition.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 2, is the structural schematic diagram of cracking reaction kettle 2 of the present invention, including feed inlet 21, kettle storehouse
22, discharge port 23, adding thermal resistance 24 and control system；Wherein the feed inlet 21 is arranged above the kettle storehouse 22, to for
Kettle storehouse 22 provides waste oil after pretreatment, and the discharge port 23 is arranged below the kettle storehouse 22, conveys to waste oil after cracking
To next equipment, the adding thermal resistance 24 is wrapped in 22 outer wall of kettle storehouse, to be internally heated to it, the control system
The side of the adding thermal resistance 24 is arranged in system 25, to control the heating speed and heating temperature of adding thermal resistance 24.Work as institute
State pretreatment after waste oil by feed inlet 21 be delivered to kettle storehouse 22 when, the control system can start to work, and use specified electricity
It flows and the adding thermal resistance 24 is made to reach specified power, and transfer heat to kettle storehouse 22 and added with the waste oil to its inside
Heat, after the completion of heating, waste oil will do it thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis after pretreatment, and after the completion of cracking, discharge port 23 can be opened, and
The waste oil that cracking is completed is delivered to next equipment.
Specifically
The method of heating includes:
(1) first stage
Step a1: waste oil needs first stage temperature to be achieved to be set as t after pre-processing in device1, it is up to described
One phase temperature t1The time needed is set as T1, due to selecting resistance in the present invention and using electrically heated method to cracking reaction
Kettle is heated, then needs to select resistance in this stage；
Waste oil is heated to heat required for first stage temperature and is set as W after pre-processing in counterincision solution reaction kettle1, then W1
It can be acquired by formula (1):
W1=cm Δ t1 (1)
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after pretreatment, and m is the specific heat of waste oil after the pretreatment added into cracking reaction kettle
Hold, Δ t1It is waste oil after the pretreatment from initial temperature t0It is warming up to first stage temperature t1When temperature difference；
Step b1: W is calculated1Afterwards, formula (2) are carried it into, manufacture first stage heat W is found out1Required first stage function
Rate P1:
W1=η P1T1 (2)
Wherein η is the heat absorption efficiency of waste oil after pretreatment；
Step c1: first stage power P is found out1Afterwards, the voltage U used according to the resistance is found out described using formula (3)
The specific resistance value R of resistance:
Step d1: the resistance value R can be determined by formula (4):
R=ρ ls (4)
Wherein ρ is resistivity, and specific value is related to the material of resistance, and l is the length of resistance wire, and s is resistance wire
Sectional area；
Step e1: resistance wire interface radius is set as r, then resistance wire sectional area s=π r2, formula (4) are carried it at this time
:
R=ρ l π r2 (5)
The height of cracking reaction kettle is set as H, diameter is set as d, formula (6) can be obtained at this time:
WhereinIt is wrapped in the circle number on cracking reaction kettle for resistance wire, the length l of resistance wire can be found out by above formula
With section radius r；
Step f1: after finding out l and r, finding out electricalresistivityρ according to required resistance value R using formula (5), and selects corresponding resistance
The material of rate ρ enables resistance wire counterincision solution reaction kettle be heated after being installed as resistance wire using specified voltage value U,
Waste oil after pretreatment can be made within a specified time to be heated to assigned temperature；
(2) second stage
Step a2: waste oil needs second stage temperature to be achieved to be set as t after pre-processing in device2, it is up to described
Two-stage temperature t2The time needed is set as T2；
Waste oil is heated to heat required for second stage temperature and is set as W after pre-processing in counterincision solution reaction kettle2, then W2
It can be acquired by formula (7):
W2=cm Δ t2 (7)
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after pretreatment, and m is the specific heat of waste oil after the pretreatment added into cracking reaction kettle
Hold, Δ t2It is waste oil after the pretreatment from first stage temperature t1It is warming up to second stage temperature t2When temperature difference；
Step b2: W is calculated2Afterwards, formula (8) are carried it into, manufacture second stage heat W is found out2Required second stage function
Rate P2:
W2=η P2T2 (8)
Step c1: second stage power P is found out2Afterwards, according to the specific resistance value R of the resistance, institute is found out using formula (9)
State the specific current value I in circuit:
P2=I2R (9)
So far, the control system is in second stage, in the case where guaranteeing that voltage U is constant, by adjusting electric current I
To designated value to realize in second stage time T2It is interior that waste oil after the pretreatment is heated to second stage temperature t2；
(3) phase III
After the completion of second stage, control system will control the heating temperature of resistance so as to locate in advance in the cracking reaction kettle
The temperature of waste oil is maintained within a certain range after reason；
Due in the phase III, the normal temperature t of waste oil after pretreatment3With second stage temperature t2It is identical, therefore,
Control system described in phase III is not necessarily to that parameter is adjusted, waste oil after the heat for issuing resistance wire with this and pretreatment
Heat it is identical, according to heating power law of conservation, the heat of the two will not occur shift or transmit, so as to locate in advance in cracking reaction kettle
The temperature of waste oil maintains within the specified range after reason.
Embodiment 1
A kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: waste oil being dehydrated, decontamination, greasy filth is removed, goes the pretreatments such as colloid, deoxidation compound.
Step 2: waste oil is pumped into head tank after pre-processing in the step 1, controls the flow of waste oil after pre-processing and incites somebody to action
It is delivered in cracking reaction kettle, and reaction temperature is improved in 20min to 380-430 DEG C, then to adding gas inside it
Phase catalyst, under the action of gas phase catalyst, by waste oil catalytic pyrolysis after the pretreatment, to be formed close to diesel oil molecules
The crude oil of structure.
Step 3: in the step 2 from gas phase catalysis tower come out cracking oil vapour enter it is about 3.5 meters high, about 40 lis of diameter
In the fractionation tower reactor of rice, the diesel oil gas distilled out by inner-tower filling material enters in condenser after tower top extraction to be condensed, through oil
Purification agitator tank is imported after water separation,
Step 4: under the action of exempting from acid-alkali refining agent, being sufficiently stirred 3-10 minutes, after standing 5-10 minutes, separate lower layer
Residue, obtained upper layer oil product obtain purification finished product after filter filters.
Wherein, the heating means in the cracking reaction kettle include:
First stage: first stage temperature is set as by 380 DEG C and is set as t1, it is set as time first stage T within ten minutes1, will be to be added
The waste oil quality and specific heat capacity of heat substitute into formula (1) and acquire first stage heat W1；
By W1It brings formula (2) into and finds out first stage power P1, and utilization formula (3) finds out the specific resistance value of adding thermal resistance 24
R, length l and the section half of resistance wire in adding thermal resistance 24 can be found out by bringing the diameter in kettle storehouse 22 and height into formula (6) respectively
Diameter r carries it into formula (5) and finds out electricalresistivityρ, and selects corresponding material according to electricalresistivityρ, and wanting for first stage can be completed
It asks.
Second stage: second stage temperature is set as by 430 DEG C and is set as t2, it is set as second stage time T within ten minutes2, pass through formula
(7) second stage heat W is acquired2And it carries it into formula (8) and finds out second stage power P2, obtain second stage power P2Afterwards, will
It brings formula (9) into, and finding out the control system needs electric current I to be used when completing second stage heating, by adding to described
Thermal resistance is passed through the electric current of specified amount to complete second stage；
Phase III: due in the phase III, the normal temperature t of waste oil after pretreatment3With second stage temperature t2Phase
Together, therefore, the control system described in the phase III is without being adjusted parameter, the heat that issues resistance wire with this and pre-
The heat of waste oil is identical after processing, and according to heating power law of conservation, the heat of the two will not occur to shift or transmit, so that cracking is anti-
The temperature of waste oil after pre-processing in kettle is answered to maintain within the specified range.
Wherein, the gas phase catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Choose 30 parts of Y type molecular sieve REHY original powder, 5 parts of high silica ZSM-5 molecular screen primary powder, 15 parts of activated alumina and swelling
60 parts of soil；The material is crossed into 120 meshes, carrying out mechanical stirring to the material after screening is uniformly mixed it, is uniformly mixed
Powder and 15 parts of prepared sodium silicate binders are mediated afterwards, control pigment mass ratio is 0.55:1, after sufficiently mediating
Through the extrusion molding of screw rod banded extruder and pelletizing, after drying at room temperature and being 3 hours dry under 120 DEG C of environment, in 600 DEG C of oxygen
Roasting 5 hours in environment obtain the cylindric gas phase catalyst particle that diameter is 4mm.
The liquid-phase catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
27 parts of manganese dioxide of selection, 25 parts of activated alumina and 48 parts of kaolin carry out crushing and machinery to the material
Stirring is uniformly mixed it, the material is crossed 200 meshes after mixing, and dry 1 hour at 100 DEG C, obtain liquid-phase catalysis
Agent.
It is described exempt from acid-alkali refining agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
40 parts of diesel oil are first added in a kettle, and sequentially add 210 parts of diethylenetriamines, 32 parts of sulfuric acid vinyl esters, 29
Part polymethyl acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 25 parts of polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleates and 3 parts of single oleic acid are sweet
Grease, material at the uniform velocity stir 30 minutes after the completion of being added, obtain exempting from acid-alkali refining agent.
Through detecting, finished product made from the present embodiment is in faint yellow, clarification, almost tasteless, can be used as fuel oil；Density
853kg/m3, kinematic viscosity 7.0mm2/ s, -10 DEG C of condensation point, 55 DEG C of close flash point, acidity 6mgKOH/100mL, 1 grade of copper corrosion,
Coloration 2.5, calorific value >=10500 kcal/kg.
Embodiment 2
A kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: waste oil being dehydrated, decontamination, greasy filth is removed, goes the pretreatments such as colloid, deoxidation compound.
Step 2: waste oil is pumped into head tank after pre-processing in the step 1, controls the flow of waste oil after pre-processing and incites somebody to action
It is delivered in cracking reaction kettle, and reaction temperature is improved in 20min to 420-470 DEG C, then to adding gas inside it
Phase catalyst, under the action of gas phase catalyst, by waste oil catalytic pyrolysis after the pretreatment, to be formed close to diesel oil molecules
The crude oil of structure.
Step 3: in the step 2 from gas phase catalysis tower come out cracking oil vapour enter it is about 3.5 meters high, about 40 lis of diameter
In the fractionation tower reactor of rice, the diesel oil gas distilled out by inner-tower filling material enters in condenser after tower top extraction to be condensed, through oil
Purification agitator tank is imported after water separation,
Step 4: under the action of exempting from acid-alkali refining agent, being sufficiently stirred 3-10 minutes, after standing 5-10 minutes, separate lower layer
Residue, obtained upper layer oil product obtain purification finished product after filter filters.
Wherein, the heating means in the cracking reaction kettle include:
First stage: first stage temperature is set as by 420 DEG C and is set as t1, it is set as time first stage T within ten minutes1, will be to be added
The waste oil quality and specific heat capacity of heat substitute into formula (1) and acquire first stage heat W1；
By W1It brings formula (2) into and finds out first stage power P1, and utilization formula (3) finds out the specific resistance value of adding thermal resistance 24
R, length l and the section half of resistance wire in adding thermal resistance 24 can be found out by bringing the diameter in kettle storehouse 22 and height into formula (6) respectively
Diameter r carries it into formula (5) and finds out electricalresistivityρ, and selects corresponding material according to electricalresistivityρ, and wanting for first stage can be completed
It asks.
Second stage: second stage temperature is set as by 470 DEG C and is set as t2, it is set as second stage time T within ten minutes2, pass through formula
(7) second stage heat W is acquired2And it carries it into formula (8) and finds out second stage power P2, obtain second stage power P2Afterwards, will
It brings formula (9) into, and finding out the control system needs electric current I to be used when completing second stage heating, by adding to described
Thermal resistance is passed through the electric current of specified amount to complete second stage；
Phase III: due in the phase III, the normal temperature t of waste oil after pretreatment3With second stage temperature t2Phase
Together, therefore, the control system described in the phase III is without being adjusted parameter, the heat that issues resistance wire with this and pre-
The heat of waste oil is identical after processing, and according to heating power law of conservation, the heat of the two will not occur to shift or transmit, so that cracking is anti-
The temperature of waste oil after pre-processing in kettle is answered to maintain within the specified range.
Wherein, the gas phase catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Choose 28 parts of Y type molecular sieve REHY original powder, 15 parts of high silica ZSM-5 molecular screen primary powder, 15 parts of activated alumina and height
50 parts of ridge soil；The material is crossed into 120 meshes, carrying out mechanical stirring to the material after screening is uniformly mixed it, and mixing is equal
Powder and 16 parts of prepared boehmite sol adhesives are mediated after even, control pigment mass ratio is 0.5:1, is filled
Divide after mediating through the extrusion molding of screw rod banded extruder and pelletizing, after drying at room temperature and being 3 hours dry under 120 DEG C of environment,
Roasting 5 hours in 600 DEG C of oxygen atmospheres obtain the cylindric gas phase catalyst particle that diameter is 4mm.
The liquid-phase catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
30 parts of anhydrous aluminum chloride of selection, 25 parts of active silicic acid aluminium and 45 parts of diatomite carry out crushing and machine to the material
Tool stirring, is uniformly mixed it, the material is crossed 200 meshes after mixing, and dry 1 hour at 100 DEG C, obtain liquid phase and urge
Agent.
It is described exempt from acid-alkali refining agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
First in a kettle be added 35 parts of diesel oil, and sequentially add 240 parts of N- alkyldiethanolamines, 28 parts of isopropylamines,
24 parts of polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, 20 parts of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 4 parts of n nonylphenols, material are even after the completion of being added
Speed stirring 30 minutes, obtains exempting from acid-alkali refining agent.
Through detecting, product is in water white, and clarification is almost tasteless, can be used as fuel oil；Density 865kg/m3, kinematic viscosity
7.0mm2/ s, -11 DEG C of condensation point, 60 DEG C of close flash point, acidity 5mgKOH/100mL, 1 grade of copper corrosion, coloration 2.0, calorific value >=
10800 kcal/kg.
Embodiment 3
A kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: waste oil being dehydrated, decontamination, greasy filth is removed, goes the pretreatments such as colloid, deoxidation compound.
Step 2: waste oil is pumped into head tank after pre-processing in the step 1, controls the flow of waste oil after pre-processing and incites somebody to action
It is delivered in cracking reaction kettle, and reaction temperature is improved in 20min to 350-400 DEG C, then to adding gas inside it
Phase catalyst, under the action of gas phase catalyst, by waste oil catalytic pyrolysis after the pretreatment, to be formed close to diesel oil molecules
The crude oil of structure.
Step 3: in the step 2 from gas phase catalysis tower come out cracking oil vapour enter it is about 3.5 meters high, about 40 lis of diameter
In the fractionation tower reactor of rice, the diesel oil gas distilled out by inner-tower filling material enters in condenser after tower top extraction to be condensed, through oil
Purification agitator tank is imported after water separation,
Step 4: under the action of exempting from acid-alkali refining agent, being sufficiently stirred 3-10 minutes, after standing 5-10 minutes, separate lower layer
Residue, obtained upper layer oil product obtain purification finished product after filter filters.
Wherein, the heating means in the cracking reaction kettle include:
First stage: first stage temperature is set as by 350 DEG C and is set as t1, it is set as time first stage T within ten minutes1, will be to be added
The waste oil quality and specific heat capacity of heat substitute into formula (1) and acquire first stage heat W1；
By W1It brings formula (2) into and finds out first stage power P1, and utilization formula (3) finds out the specific resistance value of adding thermal resistance 24
R, length l and the section half of resistance wire in adding thermal resistance 24 can be found out by bringing the diameter in kettle storehouse 22 and height into formula (6) respectively
Diameter r carries it into formula (5) and finds out electricalresistivityρ, and selects corresponding material according to electricalresistivityρ, and wanting for first stage can be completed
It asks.
Second stage: second stage temperature is set as by 400 DEG C and is set as t2, it is set as second stage time T within ten minutes2, pass through formula
(7) second stage heat W is acquired2And it carries it into formula (8) and finds out second stage power P2, obtain second stage power P2Afterwards, will
It brings formula (9) into, and finding out the control system needs electric current I to be used when completing second stage heating, by adding to described
Thermal resistance is passed through the electric current of specified amount to complete second stage；
Phase III: due in the phase III, the normal temperature t of waste oil after pretreatment3With second stage temperature t2Phase
Together, therefore, the control system described in the phase III is without being adjusted parameter, the heat that issues resistance wire with this and pre-
The heat of waste oil is identical after processing, and according to heating power law of conservation, the heat of the two will not occur to shift or transmit, so that cracking is anti-
The temperature of waste oil after pre-processing in kettle is answered to maintain within the specified range.
Wherein, the gas phase catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Choose 25 parts of Y type molecular sieve REUSY original powder, 7 parts of high silica ZSM-5 molecular screen primary powder, 10 parts of activated alumina, diatom
65 parts of soil；The material is crossed into 120 meshes, carrying out mechanical stirring to the material after screening is uniformly mixed it, is uniformly mixed
Powder and 16 parts of prepared silica sol binders are mediated afterwards, control pigment mass ratio is 0.55:1, after sufficiently mediating
Through the extrusion molding of screw rod banded extruder and pelletizing, after drying at room temperature and being 3 hours dry under 120 DEG C of environment, in 600 DEG C of oxygen
Roasting 5 hours in environment obtain the cylindric gas phase catalyst particle that diameter is 4mm.
The liquid-phase catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
40 parts of copper oxide of selection, 20 parts of boehmite dry glue powder and 40 parts of attapulgite, crush the material
And mechanical stirring, it is uniformly mixed it, the material 200 meshes is crossed into after mixing, and dry 1 hour at 100 DEG C, obtains liquid
Phase catalyst.
It is described exempt from acid-alkali refining agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
36 parts of diesel oil are first added in a kettle, sequentially add 200 parts of triethylene tetramines, 34 parts of triethanolamines, 25 parts
Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, 30 parts of polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan trioleates and 7 parts of n-heptanols, material, which is added, to be completed
It at the uniform velocity stirs 30 minutes afterwards, obtains exempting from acid-alkali refining agent.
Through detecting, for product in faint yellow, clarification, free from extraneous odour can be used as fuel oil；Density 860kg/m3, kinematic viscosity
6.5mm2/ s, -15 DEG C of condensation point, 55 DEG C of close flash point, acidity 5mgKOH/100mL, 1 grade of copper corrosion, coloration 2.5, calorific value >=
10200 kcal/kg.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention；For those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating, which is characterized in that by multistage process, handled waste oil to reach two
The secondary standard used, comprising:
Step 1: industrial and mineral waste oil being pre-processed using pre-processing device；
Step 2: industrial and mineral waste oil pretreated in the step 1 being delivered in cracking reaction kettle, is within a specified time heated
Thermal cracking and catalytic pyrolysis are carried out to assigned temperature, obtains the crude oil close to diesel oil molecules structure；
Step 3: crude oil obtained in the step 2 being delivered to fractionation tower reactor and is fractionated and obtains diesel oil gas；
Step 4: the diesel oil gas after being fractionated in the step 3 being delivered to condenser and carries out condensation and water-oil separating；
Step 5: the diesel oil after separation being delivered to purification agitator tank and is refined and be obtained by filtration finished product；
Wherein the thermal cracking processes in the step 2 are divided into three phases, comprising:
First stage: waste oil is increased to first stage temperature in the time limit of time in the first stage；
Second stage: waste oil is warming up to second stage temperature from first stage temperature within the time limit of second stage time；
Phase III: after the completion of second stage, waste oil temperature in cracking reaction kettle is maintained into second stage temperature；
Wherein cracking reaction kettle heats the waste oil of its inside using the method for periphery winding thermal resistance, the method packet of heating
It includes:
(1) first stage
Step a1: waste oil needs first stage temperature to be achieved to be set as t after pre-processing in device1, it is up to the first stage
Temperature t1The time needed is set as T1, due to selecting resistance in the present invention and being carried out using electrically heated method counterincision solution reaction kettle
Heating, then needed to select resistance in this stage；
Waste oil is heated to heat required for first stage temperature and is set as W after pre-processing in counterincision solution reaction kettle1, then W1It can lead to
Formula (1) is crossed to acquire:
W1=cm Δ t1 (1)
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after pretreatment, and m is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after the pretreatment added into cracking reaction kettle,
Δt1It is waste oil after the pretreatment from initial temperature t0It is warming up to first stage temperature t1When temperature difference；
Step b1: W is calculated1Afterwards, formula (2) are carried it into, manufacture first stage heat W is found out1Required first stage power
P1:
W1=η P1T1 (2)
Wherein η is the heat absorption efficiency of waste oil after pretreatment；
Step c1: first stage power P is found out1Afterwards, the voltage U used according to the resistance finds out the resistance using formula (3)
Specific resistance value R:
Step d1: the resistance value R can be determined by formula (4):
R=ρ ls (4)
Wherein ρ is resistivity, and specific value is related to the material of resistance, and l is the length of resistance wire, and s is the section of resistance wire
Product；
Step e1: resistance wire interface radius is set as r, then resistance wire sectional area s=π r2, formula (4) are carried it at this time to be obtained:
R=ρ l π r2 (5)
The height of cracking reaction kettle is set as H, diameter is set as d, formula (6) can be obtained at this time:
WhereinIt is wrapped in the circle number on cracking reaction kettle for resistance wire, the length l of resistance wire can be found out by above formula and is cut
Radius surface r；
Step f1: after finding out l and r, finding out electricalresistivityρ according to required resistance value R using formula (5), and selects corresponding electricalresistivityρ's
Material enables resistance wire counterincision solution reaction kettle be heated, can make after being installed as resistance wire using specified voltage value U
Waste oil is within a specified time heated to assigned temperature after pretreatment；
(2) second stage
Step a2: waste oil needs second stage temperature to be achieved to be set as t after pre-processing in device2, it is up to the second stage
Temperature t2The time needed is set as T2；
Waste oil is heated to heat required for second stage temperature and is set as W after pre-processing in counterincision solution reaction kettle2, then W2It can lead to
Formula (7) is crossed to acquire:
W2=cm Δ t2 (7)
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after pretreatment, and m is the specific heat capacity of waste oil after the pretreatment added into cracking reaction kettle,
Δt2It is waste oil after the pretreatment from first stage temperature t1It is warming up to second stage temperature t2When temperature difference；
Step b2: W is calculated2Afterwards, formula (8) are carried it into, manufacture second stage heat W is found out2Required second stage power
P2:
W2=η P2T2 (8)
Step c1: second stage power P is found out2Afterwards, according to the specific resistance value R of the resistance, the electricity is found out using formula (9)
Specific current value I in road:
P2=I2R (9)
So far, the control system is in second stage, in the case where guaranteeing that voltage U is constant, by the way that electric current I is adjusted to finger
Definite value is to realize in second stage time T2It is interior that waste oil after the pretreatment is heated to second stage temperature t2；
(3) phase III
After the completion of second stage, after control system will control the heating temperature of resistance so as to pre-process in the cracking reaction kettle
The temperature of waste oil is maintained within a certain range；
Due in the phase III, the normal temperature t of waste oil after pretreatment3With second stage temperature t2It is identical, therefore, in third
Control system described in stage is not necessarily to that parameter is adjusted, the heat of waste oil after the heat for issuing resistance wire with this and pretreatment
Measure it is identical, according to heating power law of conservation, the heat of the two will not occur shift or transmit so that in cracking reaction kettle pre-process after
The temperature of waste oil maintains within the specified range.
2. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that industrial and mineral waste oil in the step 1
Pretreatment includes dehydration, and decontamination removes greasy filth, goes colloid, deoxygenates compound.
3. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of catalytic cracking in the step 2
Degree is 350-550 DEG C.
4. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the catalytic pyrolysis packet in the step 2
Include liquid-phase catalysis and gas phase catalysis.
5. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the liquid-phase catalyst wraps by weight
Include 1-5 parts of base catalyst, 1-4 parts of co-catalyst, 1-5 parts of synergic adjustment agent；Wherein:
The base catalyst is anhydrous aluminum chloride, iron chloride, copper oxide, aluminium oxide, silica, manganese dioxide, zirconium dioxide
One of or a variety of mixtures；
The co-catalyst be activated alumina, boehmite dry glue powder, active silicic acid aluminium, alumino-silicate, sial dry glue powder,
One of macro porous silica gel, large pore molecular sieve or a variety of mixtures；
The synergic adjustment agent is one of bentonite, atlapulgite, diatomite, attapulgite, kaolin or a variety of mixing
Object.
6. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the gas phase catalyst wraps by weight
It includes:
7. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the subtractive process in the step 4 is adopted
With exempting from acid-alkali refining agent, it includes absorption-sedimentation agent 1-8 that described to exempt from acid-alkali refining agent be a kind of compound refining agent by weight
Part helps 5-10 parts of active component, 0-1 parts of cationic surfactant, 0-1 parts of nonionic surfactant, cosurfactant
0-5 parts, 5-10 parts of diesel oil；Wherein:
Absorption-the sedimentation agent is ethylenediamine, triethylamine, N- alkyldiethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylene two
The mixture of one or more of amine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylenepentamine；
It is described that help active component be ethanol amine, triethanolamine, isopropylamine, N- phenyldiethanol-amine, sulfuric acid vinyl ester, guanidine
The mixture of one or more of carbonic ester；
The cationic surfactant is fatty acid salt, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, poly dimethyl allyl of cationic polymer
The mixture of one or more of ammonium chloride, polymethyl acyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride；
The nonionic surfactant is surfactant, the polyoxyethylene sorbitan of polyoxyethylene sorbitan oleic acid esters
Sorbitol monooleate, polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene non-ionic surfactant, nonyl phenol are poly-
The mixture of one or more of ethylene oxide ether nonionic surfactant；
The cosurfactant is one of glyceryl monooleate, n nonylphenol, n-heptanol, n-octyl alcohol, sec-n-octyl alcohol or several
The mixture of kind.
8. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating described in any one of -8 claims according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this technique is also
Include the steps that burning waste gas recovery and flue gas heat recycles.
9. industrial and mineral technology of waste oil regenerating described in any one of -8 claims according to claim 1, which is characterized in that entire technique
Process is the process of the automatic continuous production in enclosure space charging and deslagging.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115521805A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-27 | 唐山浩昌杰环保科技发展有限公司 | Process method for recycling waste mineral oil |
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| CN206562405U (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-10-17 | 科海蓝天（天津）石油工程科技有限公司 | A kind of cracker recycled for junked tire |
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| CN102585896A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-18 | 杭州绿洲能源科技有限公司 | Automatic continuous production process for producing diesel oil with waste oil through catalytic cracking method |
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| CN115521805A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-27 | 唐山浩昌杰环保科技发展有限公司 | Process method for recycling waste mineral oil |
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