CN109599860A - Plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material - Google Patents
Plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109599860A CN109599860A CN201811457757.8A CN201811457757A CN109599860A CN 109599860 A CN109599860 A CN 109599860A CN 201811457757 A CN201811457757 A CN 201811457757A CN 109599860 A CN109599860 A CN 109599860A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
- H01F38/38—Instruments transformers for polyphase ac
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material, belongs to electric energy quality controller field.Control module is detected in the controller to connect with PWM drive control module；PWM drive control module is connect with inverter module；Inverter module is connected with the secondary side winding of special mutual inductor module；Special mutual inductor primary side is connected between the traditional bulk power grid or microgrid and load or grid entry point of access, and primary side is a part of power grid cables or busbar；Passive filter module is divided into two parts, and a part is connected in parallel on the side close to traditional bulk power grid or microgrid, and another part is connected in parallel on the side close to load or grid entry point.The present invention can be achieved at the same time a variety of power quality controlling functions；It can be realized plug and play, facilitate installing, maintenance, maintenance and dismounting under conditions of not interfering power grid to operate normally, realize that primary side equivalent impedance is continuously adjusted in a wide range under conditions of not increasing equipment volume.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric energy quality controller fields, more particularly, to a kind of inserting i.e. with high permeability material
With cascade active type electric energy quality controller.
Background technique
As the main energy sources of modern society, electric energy has a wide range of applications in all trades and professions.The superiority and inferiority of power quality
It is related to the overall benefit of national economy.With the increase of nonlinear-load and impact load in bulk power grid, such as electrified iron
The increase on road, electric arc furnaces and large-scale rectifier equipment, and have the characteristics that the wide of non-linear and diversity power electronic equipment
General application, so that the power quality in bulk power grid is worsening.In recent years, in order to solve the dual of environmental protection and energy shortage
Pressure, distributed power generation obtains biggish development, and microgrid is the key link of distributed power generation seamless access bulk power grid.Microgrid
The method of operation is flexible, can be improved the power supply reliability of user and the utilization rate of distributed energy, reduces and impacts to bulk power grid, tool
There is good economic and social benefit.But since microgrid is in the side such as power supply, load, energy conversion unit, energy storage and operating status
The diversity in face, the intermittence and randomness of distributed generation resource, the high permeability between bulk power grid and microgrid, the electric energy matter of microgrid
Amount problem than traditional bulk power grid power quality problem seriously much.Therefore, the power quality problem of bulk power grid and microgrid has been
Through one of the important bottleneck for becoming modern power systems development.
One ideal electric system should supply user by defined voltage level with constant frequency and sinusoidal waveform
Electricity, and in electric energy transmitting and conversion process, mains voltage waveform should remain sine wave, not generate to other loads
Interference, the loss that power supply line generates is minimum, provides maximum electric energy to user.But due to various reasons, this ideal shape
State in practice and is not present, and thereby produces various problem in operation of power networks, electrical equipment and electricity consumption,
Just produce power quality.Currently, countries in the world are not exactly the same to the definition of power quality, generally speaking power quality is main
Including three quality of voltage, frequency quality and power supply reliability aspects.It mainly includes four sides that power quality problem, which is summed up,
Face: voltage fluctuation and flicker, harmonic pollution and voltage three-phase imbalance, voltage reduces and power failure.
As the recent tendency and key equipment of custom power technology, having for multiple power quality regulatory function can be realized
Source-series type electric energy quality controller becomes the hot spot of the area research.Cascade active type electric energy quality controller is from tandem type
Active Power Filter-APF theoretical developments and come, have harmonic wave isolation, reactive compensation, power flowcontrol, voltage adjust, failure limit
A variety of power quality controlling functions such as stream, soft start.
However, existing cascade active type electric energy quality controller has to be serially connected in power grid, this is needed to big electricity
The structure of net or microgrid is redesigned, and is needed to the power network line for needing to install additional cascade active type electric energy quality controller disconnected
Denso is set, and cascade active type electric energy quality controller once breaks down, to be safeguarded and be overhauled all have to disconnect electricity
Cable road, this is undoubtedly unfavorable for power grid power supply, does not meet power network development demand steady in a long-term.Therefore, developing may be implemented i.e.
The cascade active type electric energy quality controller of plug-and-play has become the research emphasis for administering grid power quality.
The cascade active type electric energy quality controller of plug and play can be linked into well traditional bulk power grid and microgrid it
Between, it can easily be installed, safeguarded and be overhauled on the basis of not changing existing electric network composition.Once it breaks down,
The cascade active type electric energy quality controller that plug and play can be removed immediately does not influence power grid normal operation.However it inserts i.e.
The cascade active type electric energy quality controller used uses special mutual inductor as the basis of equipment mostly, to realize plug and play,
The primary side of special mutual inductor only has this circle route of power grid cables, and obtainable magnetic flux density is very low and leakage field is very big, magnetic flux
Transmission efficiency is extremely low, this leads to the equivalent impedance adjustable range very little of the cascade active type electric energy quality controller of plug and play.
In order to increase plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller equivalent impedance adjustable range, using increasing special mutual inductance
The method of device length can make that device length is elongated, volume becomes larger, increased costs again, it is difficult to hanging net operation.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, it is i.e. slotting with high permeability material that the present invention provides a kind of
Cascade active type electric energy quality controller is used, it is intended that by iron core of the open column shape iron core as special mutual inductor,
It can simplify access construction, power grid cables or busbar, which are directly passed through iron core, to access power grid for controller, solved conventional
Cascade active type electric energy quality controller installing, maintenance, maintenance and in terms of existing for difficulty, realize cascade active type
The plug and play of electric energy quality controller, and improve magnetic flux transfer using the characteristic of high magnetic permeability permeability magnetic material production iron core and imitate
Rate realizes the primary side equivalent resistance of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller under conditions of not increasing equipment volume
It is anti-to be continuously adjusted in a wide range, the function of a variety of power quality controllings can be completed in power grid.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of inserting i.e. with high permeability material is provided
With cascade active type electric energy quality controller, comprising: detection control module, PWM drive control module, inverter module, special
Mutual inductor module and passive filter module；
The output end of detection control module is connect with the input terminal of PWM drive control module；PWM drive control module it is defeated
The connection of the input terminal of outlet and inverter module；The secondary side winding of the output end of inverter module and special mutual inductor module connects
It connects；
Special mutual inductor module includes three special mutual inductors, and the primary side of each special mutual inductor is connected on access respectively
In each phase line between traditional bulk power grid or microgrid and load or grid entry point；The iron core of each special mutual inductor is open column shape
Construction, using a part of each phase cable or busbar of bulk power grid or microgrid directly through iron core as first side winding；Iron core
Material is the permeability magnetic material that relative permeability is more than 100 in fundamental frequency, if Z1For the leakage reactance of the primary side of special mutual inductor, ZmFor
The excitation impedance of special mutual inductor, Z2' it is the equivalent leakage reactance to primary side of special mutual inductor secondary side leakage reactance, work as ZmMuch larger than Z1
And Z2' when, primary side equivalent impedance ZAXIt is continuously adjusted, is approximately: in a wide range
ZAX≈α(5)
Wherein, α is plural control parameter, and the various abatement functions of power quality are realized by adjusting plural number control parameter α.
Passive filter module includes two passive filters, and one is connected in parallel on the one of close traditional bulk power grid or microgrid
Side, another is connected in parallel on the side close to load or grid entry point；The concatenation point of each special mutual inductor primary side is passive positioned at two
Filter and between contact；
Detection control module is used to detect the electric current of power grid, generates control signal accordingly and is sent into PWM drive control module；
PWM drive control module is for generating driving signal driving inverter module work；Inverter module is used for according to driving signal
The voltage proportional to the power network current detected is generated, and is applied to the secondary side winding two of each special mutual inductor after filtering
End.
Further, core material is silicon steel sheet, high magnetic conduction dilval, amorphous soft-magnetic alloy or thin film alloys.
Further, ZmWith Z1Or Z2' ratio be greater than 100.
It further, include harmonic wave isolation, idle benefit by adjusting the power quality controlling that plural number control parameter α is realized
It repays, power flowcontrol, voltage are adjusted, failure current limit and/or soft start.
Further, harmonic insulation method is as follows:
When traditional bulk power grid or microgrid and load (or grid entry point) contain harmonic wave, by superposition theorem, formula (5) are indicated
Are as follows:
Wherein, primary side equivalent impedance ZAXIt is broken down into primary side fundamental wave equivalent impedanceWith primary side nth harmonic etc.
Imitate impedancePlural control parameter α is broken down into fundamental wave plural number control parameter α(1)With nth harmonic plural number control parameter α(n)；
Detection control module detects and controls fundamental wave harmony wave respectively: for fundamental wave, fundamental wave plural number is arranged and controls
Parameter alpha(1)≈ 0, then the fundamental wave equivalent impedance of mutual inductor primary sideAbout 0, special mutual inductor does not have the normal work of power grid
There is any influence；For nth harmonic, nth harmonic plural number control parameter α is set(n)Value, make mutual inductor primary side to nth harmonic
It is rendered as big impedanceIt forces harmonic current to flow into passive filter module, realizes harmonic wave isolation；
Further, the method for reactive compensation is as follows:
According to formula (5), α=r+jx is enabled, r, x are real number, and j is imaginary unit, then α=r+jx can be equivalent to positive electricity
Resistance, negative resistance, inductance or capacitor enable r=0 according to the needs of power system reactive power, by adjusting the value of x, are equivalent in power grid
Series connection reactive power device, plays the role of reactive compensation in route；
Further, the method for power flowcontrol is as follows:
The amplitude size for adjusting plural control parameter α, can adjust the equivalent impedance Z of special mutual inductor primary sideAX, in turn
The equivalent impedance for changing line attachment plays control electric network swim to change the distribution of network re-active power and reactive power
The effect of distribution；
Further, the method that voltage is adjusted is as follows:
The low-voltage problem occurred in power grid and voltage fluctuation are mostly unevenly distributed and are made by power system reactive power deficiency or trend
At, therefore the problem of being classified as reactive compensation and power flowcontrol, is adjusted to the voltage of power grid.By above-mentioned analysis, say
The bright present invention can play the role of voltage adjusting.
Further, the method for failure current limit and soft start is as follows:
When power grid works normally, α=0 is enabled, cascade active type electric energy quality controller will not influence power grid normal work,
When electric network fault or power grid need soft start, increase the value of α, so that fault current or starting current are restricted to power grid can be with
The level of receiving, plays the role of failure current limit and soft start.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
(1) use the special iron core of open column shape, directly by power grid cables or busbar pass through iron core can normal use, can
It realizes plug and play, facilitates installing, maintenance, maintenance and dismounting under conditions of not interfering power grid to operate normally.
(2) magnetic flux transfer efficiency is improved using the characteristic of high magnetic permeability permeability magnetic material, in the condition for not increasing equipment volume
Lower realization plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller primary side equivalent impedance is continuously adjusted in a wide range.
(3) present invention can by changing internal control strategy according to the topological structure of series connection type active electric power filter
The power quality controllings function such as harmonic wave isolation, reactive compensation, power flowcontrol, voltage adjusting, failure current limit, soft start are realized simultaneously
Energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of present invention access network system in present pre-ferred embodiments；
Fig. 2 is special mutual inductor T-type equivalent circuit diagram in present pre-ferred embodiments；
Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b) is respectively that primary side, the secondary side of the special mutual inductor of silent columnar iron core proposed by the present invention show
It is intended to；Wherein, 3 (a) be the special mutual inductor primary side structural schematic diagram of silent open column shape iron core, and 3 (b) be silent open column shape
The special mutual inductor secondary lateral structure schematic diagram of iron core；
Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) is respectively that primary side, the secondary side of the opening special mutual inductor of columnar iron core proposed by the present invention show
It is intended to；Wherein, 4 (a) be the special mutual inductor primary side structural schematic diagram of open hollow columnar iron core, and 4 (b) be open hollow column
The special mutual inductor secondary lateral structure schematic diagram of iron core；
Fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) is respectively the primary side, secondary of the silent special mutual inductor proposed by the present invention suitable for busbar
Side schematic diagram；Wherein, 5 (a) be the silent special mutual inductor primary side structural schematic diagram suitable for busbar；5 (b) is suitable for mothers
The silent special mutual inductor secondary lateral structure schematic diagram of row；
Fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) is respectively the primary side, secondary of the opening special mutual inductor proposed by the present invention suitable for busbar
Side schematic diagram；Wherein, 6 (a) be the special mutual inductor primary side structural schematic diagram of opening suitable for busbar；6 (b) are suitable for busbar
The special mutual inductor secondary lateral structure schematic diagram of opening；
Fig. 7 is the B-I curve graph of special transformer iron core in present pre-ferred embodiments；
Fig. 8 (a) -8 (c) is respectively the special mutual inductor schematic diagram of silent columnar iron core proposed by the present invention；Wherein, 8 (a) are
The 3D model schematic of the silent special mutual inductor of open column shape iron core；8 (b) for the silent special mutual inductor of open column shape iron core just
View, 8 (c) be the side view of the silent special mutual inductor of open column shape iron core.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material proposed by the invention is to be directed to
Conventional cascade active type electric energy quality controller installing, maintenance, maintenance and in terms of have difficulties, and can not be not
Realize that the primary side equivalent impedance of PnP device is continuously adjustable etc. many in a wide range under conditions of increase equipment volume
Defect improves design.
Plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller first to proposed by the present invention with high permeability material
Basic functional principle is illustrated.Fig. 1 is the structure that plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller accesses network system
Schematic diagram.Plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller is series at traditional bulk power grid (or microgrid) and load is (or grid-connected
Point) between.Plug and play multifunctional electric energy quality controller proposed by the present invention with high permeability material includes: detection control
Module, PWM drive control module, inverter module, special mutual inductor module and passive filter module；Detect control module inspection
Survey the electric current I of power gridg, control signal is generated by control algolithm and is sent into PWM drive control module；PWM drive control module produces
Raw driving signal is used to that inverter module is driven to work；Inverter module includes LC filter circuit and voltage source inverter, LC filter
Wave circuit is made of capacitor and inductance and connects with voltage source inverter, for filtering out around voltage source inverter switching frequency
Harmonic wave；Inverter module is connected with the secondary side ax of special mutual inductor module, and inverter module receives PWM drive control module
Driving signal after generate the voltage proportional to the power network current detected and be applied to special mutual inductor module after filtering
Secondary side both ends；Traditional bulk power grid (or microgrid) that the primary side AX of special mutual inductor module is connected on access and load are (or simultaneously
Site) between, primary side is a part of power grid cables or busbar, can be equivalent to an impedance value four-quadrant and continuously may be used
The impedance of tune；Passive filter module is divided into two parts, and a part is connected in parallel on close to the side of traditional bulk power grid (or microgrid), uses
(or grid entry point) is loaded to prevent the harmonic wave of power grid from flowing into, another part is connected in parallel on close to the side of load (or grid entry point), is used
Harmonic wave to prevent load (or grid entry point) from generating flows into traditional bulk power grid (or microgrid).
Fig. 2 is the T-type equivalent circuit diagram of special mutual inductor.The phasor expression of special mutual inductor voltage equation can be obtained by Fig. 2
Formula:
U1=I1Z1+(I1+I′2)Zm (1)
-U′2=I '2Z′2+(I1+I′2)Zm (2)
U1For the voltage at special mutual inductor primary side both ends；U′2Voltage for special mutual inductor secondary side winding both ends is equivalent
To the voltage of special mutual inductor primary side；I1For special mutual inductor primary side current, special mutual inductor primary side is electric in this example
Stream is power network current Ig, similarly hereinafter；I2' it is electricity of the special mutual inductor secondary side winding current equivalence to special mutual inductor primary side
Stream, Z1For the primary side leakage reactance of special mutual inductor, ZmFor the excitation impedance of special mutual inductor；Z′2For the secondary side leakage of special mutual inductor
Resist the equivalent leakage reactance to primary side.
If the electric current I of special mutual inductor primary side1By detecting control module, PWM drive control module, inverter module
The equivalent voltage U ' to primary side both ends of voltage at secondary side winding both ends is generated afterwards2For
U′2=α I1 (3)
Wherein α is plural control parameter, and it is real number that α, which is represented by α=r+jx, r and x, and j is imaginary symbols.Inverter mould
Voltage source inverter in block is used for UdThe direct current signal of offer is transformed into and I1Same frequency ac voltage signal U2And it loads
To the special mutual inductor secondary side winding both ends.DC side voltage of converter UdThere are three types of source modes: 1) direct current flanks one
A capacitor makes DC-side Voltage Stabilization by controlling inverter；2) direct current flanks a battery, by controlling inverter
Obtain stable DC voltage；3) electricity is taken by electric system induction, obtains stable DC voltage through over commutation.
The equivalent impedance Z of special mutual inductor primary side is acquired in simultaneous formula (1)-(3)AXAre as follows:
Z1For the leakage reactance of the primary side of special mutual inductor；ZmFor the excitation impedance of special mutual inductor；U1For special mutual inductor one
The voltage at secondary side both ends, I1For electric current, that is, power network current of special mutual inductor primary side, Z '2For special mutual inductor secondary side leakage reactance
The equivalent leakage reactance to primary side.Work as ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2(ZmWith Z1Or Z '2Ratio be greater than 100) when, can be by above-mentioned primary side
Equivalent impedance is approximately
ZAX≈α (5)
Wherein α is plural control parameter, and it is all real number that α, which may be configured as α=r+jx, r and x, at this time primary side equivalent impedance
ZAXIt can behave as the continuously adjustable impedance of an impedance value four-quadrant.Utilize this property of cascade active type electric energy quality controller
Matter, connected access power grid in after, can pass through adjust plural number control parameter α realization power quality comprehensive treatment.
The method that cascade active type electric energy quality controller realizes a variety of power quality controlling functions is described as follows:
(1) harmonic wave is isolated
It, can be by principle of stacking to fundamental wave when traditional bulk power grid (or microgrid) and load (or grid entry point) contain harmonic wave
Harmonious wave carries out analysis and design respectively.By superposition theorem, formula (5) be may be expressed as:
Wherein, primary side equivalent impedance ZAXIt is broken down into primary side fundamental wave equivalent impedanceWith primary side nth harmonic etc.
Imitate impedancePlural control parameter α is broken down into fundamental wave plural number control parameter α(1)With nth harmonic plural number control parameter α(n)。
Entire detection control module all detects and controls fundamental wave harmony wave according to principle of stacking, by algorithm respectively: for base
Fundamental wave plural number control parameter α is arranged in wave(1)≈ 0, then the fundamental wave equivalent impedance of mutual inductor primary sideAbout 0, mutual inductor pair
The no any influence of the normal work of system；For nth harmonic, nth harmonic plural number control parameter α is rationally set(n)Value, make
Mutual inductor primary side is rendered as big impedance to nth harmonicHarmonic current will be forced into passive filter module, play humorous
The effect of wave isolation.
(2) reactive compensation
In the operational process of power grid, it sometimes appear that reactive power needed for load is more than generator output reactive power
The case where ability.Reactive compensation, full name reactive power compensation, be it is a kind of risen in power supply system improve power grid power because
Number reduces the loss of supply transformer and conveying circuit, improves power supply efficiency and power quality, improves the technology of power supply environment.
By formula (5) it is found that cascade active type electric energy quality controller can behave as the continuously adjustable impedance of an impedance value four-quadrant, i.e.,
α=r+jx can be equivalent to positive resistance, negative resistance, inductance and capacitor.According to the needs of power system reactive power, r=0 is enabled, rationally
The value of x is set, that is, reactive power device of connecting in power network line, plays the role of reactive compensation.
(3) power flowcontrol
Trend distribution in power grid is that active power and the distribution of reactive power and the impedance of power network line are closely related.It will
In the primary side series connection access power grid of mutual inductor, mutual inductor primary side is rendered as an adjustable impedance.Therefore, plural number control is adjusted
The size of parameter alpha can adjust the equivalent impedance Z of mutual inductor primary sideAX, and then change line equivalent impedance, to change electricity
The distribution of net active power and reactive power is played the role of controlling electric network swim distribution.
(4) voltage is adjusted
The low-voltage problem occurred in power grid and voltage fluctuation are mostly unevenly distributed and are made by system reactive power deficiency or trend
At, therefore the problem of being classified as reactive compensation and power flowcontrol, is adjusted to the voltage of power grid.By above-mentioned analysis, say
The bright present invention can play the role of voltage adjusting.
(5) failure current limit and soft start
When power grid works normally, need to guarantee that cascade active type electric energy quality controller equivalent impedance is 0, to system
Work normally no any influence.When malfunction generation or system soft start, need to increase rapidly the value of equivalent impedance, it will
High current limits.α=0, cascade active type electric energy quality controller are enabled when power grid works normally according to this requirement
It will not influence system worked well.When detecting that malfunction or system need soft start, increase the value of α, it can be by failure
Electric current or starting current are restricted to the level that system can be born, and play the role of failure current limit and soft start.
Next the plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller to proposed by the present invention with high permeability material
Structure, shape is illustrated.
Plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller proposed by the present invention with high permeability material it is special mutually
Sensor module includes first side winding and secondary side winding, and wherein first side winding is a part of power grid cables or busbar,
Secondary side winding axially coiling, and connect with the output end of inverter module.The iron core of special mutual inductor is according to peace
Cylindrical or cuboid can be designed at dress the case where bus, according to installation need can core design at opening shape or
Silent shape, it is as shown in Fig. 3~Fig. 6 respectively.In this way, the primary side of special mutual inductor is power grid cables or busbar, it is 1 circle,
It does not need to be designed, only its secondary side umber of turn need to be designed according to requirements.
Using silent current transformer type or the access way of open-core transformer formula, cooperate different module integration modes
The plug and play for realizing different modes, can be adapted for different scenes.For example, for allowing long-term or needing to frequently access benefit
Open column shape iron core is directly through on busbar in power grid routine maintenance or just dress by the scene for repaying circuit using closed type design
, can be used at any time later；It, can will be special mutual for being not easy to the long-term or scene without frequently accessing compensation circuit
The standalone module that closed type is made in sensor is preset on power grid busbar, and the direct grafting voltage compensator when needing voltage compensation
Other modules carry out using；Or directly designed using open type, directly iron core is opened when needs, busbar is set
Enter, voltage compensator can be connected into power grid normal use by reclosing；For needing often to compensate the user of different power grids, also
Also the special mutual inductor that open type designs can be regard as standalone module, then greatly facilitates user according to different power grids at any time
Replace different special mutual inductors.
Next the plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller to proposed by the present invention with high permeability material
Be illustrated using material.
According to above-mentioned analysis, a variety of power quality controllings of Yao Shixian plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller
Function, such as harmonic wave isolation, reactive compensation, power flowcontrol, voltage adjusting, failure current limit, soft start function, plug and play are active
The primary side equivalent impedance of series power quality controller must be adjustable in a wide range.Formula (4) is that special mutual inductor is primary
The complete expression of side equivalent impedance, the equivalent impedance that will be proven below formula (4) can satisfy adjustable condition in a wide range are as follows:
ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2, i.e. formula (4) can simplify as formula (5).
If Zm=kZ1=kZ '2, k is real multiple, then formula (4) can simplify are as follows:
From formula (6): in the case where parameter alpha is constant, ZAXFor the monotonically increasing function of k, as k=0, ZAX≈0；
As k → ∞, ZAX≈α；So in order to guarantee that maximum adjustable range can be obtained under identical place capacity, it is necessary to meet
Condition k → ∞, i.e. ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2(general ZmWith Z1Or Z '2Ratio be greater than 100), this up-to-date style (4) can simplify as formula
(5)。
In order to realize the plug and play of cascade active type electric energy quality controller, the primary side of special mutual inductor module can only
For the power grid cables or busbar for accessing power grid, umber of turn only has 1 circle.Fig. 7 is the B-I curve graph of special transformer iron core,
The middle slope of curve and excitation impedance ZmIt is directly proportional.As shown in Figure 7: umber of turn N is smaller, excitation impedance ZmIt is smaller.When special mutual inductance
When first side winding the number of turns of device module only has 1 circle, obtainable magnetic flux density is very low and leakage field is very big, i.e. excitation impedance ZmVery
Small and leakage reactance Z1With Z '2Increase, magnetic flux transfer efficiency is extremely low, is unable to satisfy ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2Condition.This causes to insert i.e.
The equivalent impedance adjustable range of cascade active type electric energy quality controller becomes very little.
Analysis increases equivalent impedance adjustable range for the silent special mutual inductor of columnar iron core shown in Fig. 8 (a)~8 (c)
Method, wherein r1For iron core internal diameter, r2For iron core outer diameter, x1For iron core axial length.It is public according to the calculating of ribbon core inductance
Formula can obtain the equivalent magnetizing inductance of the special mutual inductor of silent columnar iron core are as follows:
Wherein, N is umber of turn, N=1；μ0For space permeability, μ0=4 π × 10-7；μrFor the opposite magnetic of core material
Conductance；π is pi.And the relationship between magnetizing inductance and excitation impedance is Zm=ω Lm=2 π fLm, wherein f is fundamental wave frequency
Rate.
Usual r1And r2It is taken as definite value according to the equipment design standard of the diameter of power grid cables and power grid, it is immutable.Therefore
It will be by increasing equivalent excitation impedance ZmTo meet ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2Condition, the only iron by increasing special mutual inductor
Core axial length x1Or the permeability magnetic material of more high magnetic permeability is selected just to be able to achieve.But in the high load condition of traditional bulk power grid
Under, increase the iron core axial length x of special mutual inductor1Method needed for x1It is worth excessive, equipment volume and weight are excessive, linked network
With it is difficult in maintenance, it is difficult to practical hanging net operation.Therefore the present invention selects the permeability magnetic material of high magnetic permeability active as plug and play
The core material of special mutual inductor in series power quality controller.
The permeability magnetic material of high magnetic permeability will greatly improve magnetic flux transfer efficiency as iron core, on the one hand can increase
Imitate excitation impedance Zm, on the other hand can reduce leakage reactance Z1With Z '2, so that ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2Condition can more sufficiently
Ground meets, and realizes that the equivalent impedance of the cascade active type electric energy quality controller of plug and play is continuously adjusted in a wide range.
The following are the relative permeability μ of a variety of materialsrRepresentative value:
1) cast iron: 200-400；
2) dilval: 2000-6000；
3) silicon steel sheet: 6000-12000；
4) manganese-zinc ferrite: 10000-15000；
5) high magnetic conduction dilval (permalloy): 18000-180000；
6) amorphous soft-magnetic alloy: 30000-400000；
Common special transformer iron core material is silicon steel sheet, and the representative value of relative permeability is about 8000；According to
For example high magnetic conduction dilval (permalloy) of the permeability magnetic material of high magnetic permeability, amorphous soft-magnetic alloy etc., can make ZmValue increase 20
Times or so, while can greatly reduce Z1With Z '2Value, it is sufficient to meet ZmMuch larger than Z1With Z '2Demand.Therefore the present invention mentions
The plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material out can be in the item for not increasing equipment volume
Realize that primary side equivalent impedance is continuously adjusted in a wide range under part.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material characterized by comprising inspection
Survey control module, PWM drive control module, inverter module, special mutual inductor module and passive filter module；
The output end of detection control module is connect with the input terminal of PWM drive control module；The output end of PWM drive control module
It is connect with the input terminal of inverter module；The output end of inverter module is connected with the secondary side winding of special mutual inductor module；
Special mutual inductor module includes three special mutual inductors, and the primary side of each special mutual inductor is connected on the tradition of access respectively
In each phase line between bulk power grid or microgrid and load or grid entry point；The iron core of each special mutual inductor is open column shape structure
It makes, using a part of each phase cable or busbar of bulk power grid or microgrid directly through iron core as first side winding；The material of iron core
Material is the permeability magnetic material that relative permeability is more than 100 in fundamental frequency, if Z1For the leakage reactance of the primary side of special mutual inductor, ZmFor spy
The excitation impedance of mutual inductor processed, Z2' it is the equivalent leakage reactance to primary side of special mutual inductor secondary side leakage reactance, work as ZmMuch larger than Z1With
Z2' when, primary side equivalent impedance ZAXIt is continuously adjusted, is approximately: in a wide range
ZAX≈α (5)
Wherein, α is plural control parameter, and the various abatement functions of power quality are realized by adjusting plural number control parameter α；
Passive filter module includes two passive filters, and one is connected in parallel on the side of close traditional bulk power grid or microgrid, separately
One side being connected in parallel on close to load or grid entry point；The concatenation point of each special mutual inductor primary side is located at two passive filters
And between contact；
Detection control module is used to detect the electric current of power grid, generates control signal accordingly and is sent into PWM drive control module；PWM drives
Dynamic control module is for generating driving signal driving inverter module work；Inverter module be used for according to driving signal generate with
The proportional voltage of the power network current detected, and it is applied to after filtering the secondary side winding both ends of each special mutual inductor.
2. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, core material is silicon steel sheet, high magnetic conduction dilval, amorphous soft-magnetic alloy or thin film alloys.
3. a kind of plug and play cascade active type utility power quality control with high permeability material as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Device, which is characterized in that ZmWith Z1Or Z2' ratio be greater than 100.
4. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy with high permeability material as described in claims 1 to 3 any one
Quality controller, which is characterized in that the power quality controlling by adjusting plural number control parameter α realization includes harmonic wave isolation, nothing
Function compensation, power flowcontrol, voltage adjusting, failure current limit and/or soft start.
5. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, harmonic insulation method is as follows:
When traditional bulk power grid or microgrid and load (or grid entry point) contain harmonic wave, by superposition theorem, formula (5) are indicated are as follows:
Wherein, primary side equivalent impedance ZAXIt is broken down into primary side fundamental wave equivalent impedanceWith the equivalent resistance of primary side nth harmonic
It is anti-Plural control parameter α is broken down into fundamental wave plural number control parameter α(1)With nth harmonic plural number control parameter α(n)；
Detection control module detects and controls fundamental wave harmony wave respectively: for fundamental wave, fundamental wave plural number control parameter is arranged
α(1)≈ 0, then the fundamental wave equivalent impedance of mutual inductor primary sideAbout 0, special mutual inductor does not appoint the normal work of power grid
What is influenced；For nth harmonic, nth harmonic plural number control parameter α is set(n)Value, make mutual inductor primary side to nth harmonic present
For big impedanceIt forces harmonic current to flow into passive filter module, realizes harmonic wave isolation.
6. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the method for reactive compensation is as follows:
According to formula (5), α=r+jx is enabled, r, x are real number, and j is imaginary unit, then α=r+jx can be equivalent to positive resistance, bear
Resistance, inductance or capacitor enable r=0 according to the needs of power system reactive power, by adjusting the value of x, are equivalent in power network line
Middle series connection reactive power device, plays the role of reactive compensation.
7. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the method for power flowcontrol is as follows:
The amplitude size for adjusting plural control parameter α, can adjust the equivalent impedance Z of special mutual inductor primary sideAX, and then change
The equivalent impedance of line attachment plays control electric network swim distribution to change the distribution of network re-active power and reactive power
Effect.
8. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the method that voltage is adjusted is as follows:
The low-voltage problem occurred in power grid and voltage fluctuation are mostly unevenly distributed and are caused by power system reactive power deficiency or trend, because
The problem of being classified as reactive compensation and power flowcontrol is adjusted to the voltage of power grid in this.By above-mentioned analysis, it is stated that this
Invention can play the role of voltage adjusting.
9. a kind of plug and play cascade active type electric energy quality controller with high permeability material as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the method for failure current limit and soft start is as follows:
When power grid works normally, α=0 is enabled, cascade active type electric energy quality controller will not influence power grid normal work, work as electricity
When net failure or power grid need soft start, increase the value of α, so that fault current or starting current, which are restricted to power grid, to be born
Level, play the role of failure current limit and soft start.
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