CN109596888B - Insulation resistance detection method and detection circuit of automobile battery and battery management system - Google Patents
Insulation resistance detection method and detection circuit of automobile battery and battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596888B CN109596888B CN201811547912.5A CN201811547912A CN109596888B CN 109596888 B CN109596888 B CN 109596888B CN 201811547912 A CN201811547912 A CN 201811547912A CN 109596888 B CN109596888 B CN 109596888B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an insulation resistance detection method, a detection circuit and a battery management system of an automobile battery, wherein the insulation resistance detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit, the prestored high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack and the resistance value of the sampling circuit; when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than a preset voltage value, calculating according to the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit to obtain the resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor; and when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than zero and smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value, calculating to obtain the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor according to the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit and the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problem of accurately calculating the insulation resistance between the automobile battery pack and the automobile chassis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery detection, in particular to an insulation resistance detection method, a detection circuit and a battery management system of an automobile battery.
Background
With the increasing international importance on energy safety and environmental protection, the requirements of each country on pollutants discharged by automobiles are more and more strict. The dependence on energy is reduced, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, and the problem which needs to be solved urgently for the continuous development of the world economy is solved. The electric automobile not only can get rid of the excessive dependence on petroleum resources, but also can reduce pollution, and the electric automobile becomes the development trend of the current automobile industry.
However, the direct current voltage of the electric vehicle battery pack as a power source is generally higher than 300V, and a high-voltage safety problem exists. According to GB/T18384.3-2015 safety requirements for electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, the insulation resistance safety value is set to be 100 omega/V, and when the insulation resistance safety value is less than 100 omega/V, a primary fault alarm is given, so that the system has insulation problems; when the insulation resistance value is more than 100 omega/V and less than 500 omega/V, the secondary fault alarm is carried out, and the system has slight electric leakage phenomenon. The insulation resistance safety value is a standard for judging the insulation resistance safety value, but for a high-voltage electrical system of a closed loop of an electric automobile, the insulation performance of the high-voltage electrical system is usually compared with the insulation resistance safety value or represented by the voltage of the insulation resistance, when the voltage of a high-voltage bus output by a battery pack in the electric automobile is small, the voltage of the insulation resistance approaches to 0V, and the short-circuit fault exists between the battery pack in the electric automobile and an automobile chassis, so that the insulation resistance cannot be accurately calculated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an insulation resistance detection method, a detection circuit and a battery management system of an automobile battery, aiming at accurately calculating the insulation resistance value between an automobile battery pack and an automobile chassis.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an insulation resistance detection method for an automotive battery, which is applied to a detection circuit for insulation resistance of an automotive battery, the insulation resistance detection circuit including a positive end insulation resistance, a negative end insulation resistance, and a sampling circuit for collecting voltage of the negative end insulation resistance, the positive end insulation resistance being connected between a positive electrode of a high-voltage bus of a battery pack and an electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, the negative end insulation resistance being connected between a negative electrode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, the insulation resistance detection method comprising:
acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit, the prestored high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack and the resistance value of the sampling circuit;
when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than a preset voltage value, calculating the resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit;
and when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than zero and smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value, calculating to obtain the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit and the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor.
Optionally, the sampling circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first sampling resistor, a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, and a fourth sampling resistor; the first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the positive end insulation resistor and the positive end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the positive end insulation resistor, the first end of the negative end insulation resistor, the second end of the first switch, the first end of the second switch and the first end of the third sampling resistor are connected with each other, the second end of the second sampling resistor and the second end of the fourth sampling resistor are connected with the negative end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the second sampling resistor, the second end of the third sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the third switch, and the second end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the fourth sampling resistor;
the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the acquisition sampling circuit comprises:
controlling the first switch and the third switch to be closed, and the second switch to be opened;
and acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor currently acquired by the sampling circuit, and recording the voltage as the voltage of the first negative terminal insulation resistor.
Optionally, the preset resistance value of the positive side insulation resistor Rp is greater than or equal to 2M Ω, and the calculating the resistance value of the negative side insulation resistor according to the high-voltage bus voltage, the voltage of the negative side insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit, and the preset resistance value of the positive side insulation resistor includes:
solving according to Rp-3M omega and a formula Up 1/R1-Un 1/((R3+ R4)// Rn1) to obtain a resistance value Rn1 of the negative terminal insulation resistor ((R3+ R4) × R1)/((Up1/Un1) × (R3+ R4) -R1);
wherein Rn1 is the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor, Up1 is the voltage of the first positive terminal insulation resistor, Un1 is the voltage of the first negative terminal insulation resistor, R1 is the resistance value of the first sampling resistor, R3 is the resistance value of the third sampling resistor, and R4 is the resistance value of the fourth sampling resistor.
Optionally, a voltage Up1 of the first positive side insulation resistor is calculated according to a formula Up1 ═ Ubus1-Un1, the Ubus1 is a prestored first high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack, and Un1 is a voltage of the first negative side insulation resistor.
Optionally, the sampling circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first sampling resistor, a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, and a fourth sampling resistor; the first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the positive end insulation resistor and the positive end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the positive end insulation resistor, the first end of the negative end insulation resistor, the second end of the first switch, the first end of the second switch and the first end of the third sampling resistor are connected with each other, the second end of the second sampling resistor and the second end of the fourth sampling resistor are connected with the negative end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the second sampling resistor, the second end of the third sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the third switch, and the second end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the fourth sampling resistor; the insulation resistance detection method further includes:
when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than the preset voltage value, acquiring voltage Un1 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the first switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the second switch is switched off, and voltage Un2 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the second switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the first switch is switched off; wherein, Up1/RP + Up1/R1 ═ Un1/RN + Un1/(R3+ R4), Up2/RP ═ Un2/RN + Un2/R2+ Un2/(R3+ R4);
solving according to a formula Up/RP + Up/R ═ Un/RN + Un/(R + R) and a formula Up/RP ═ Un/RN + Un/R + Un/(R + R) to obtain a resistance Rp ═ (((Up/Un) - (Up/Un)). R)/(1 + (Up/Un)), and a resistance Rn ═ of the negative insulation resistor (((Up/Un) - (Up/Un)). R)/(((((Up/Un) - (Up/Un)). R)/(R) + ((Up/Un)));
wherein Rp is a resistance value of the positive terminal insulating resistor, Rn is a resistance value of the negative terminal insulating resistor, Up1 is a voltage of the first positive terminal insulating resistor, Up2 is a voltage of the second positive terminal insulating resistor, Un1 is a voltage of the first negative terminal insulating resistor, Un2 is a voltage of the second negative terminal insulating resistor, R1 is a resistance value of the first sampling resistor, R2 is a resistance value of the second sampling resistor, R3 is a resistance value of the third sampling resistor, and R4 is a resistance value of the fourth sampling resistor.
Optionally, a voltage Up2 of the second positive side insulation resistor is calculated according to a formula Up2 ═ u bus2-u n2, where u bus2 is a prestored second high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack, and u n2 is a voltage of the second negative side insulation resistor.
Optionally, when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the calculated positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is greater than a preset insulation resistance safety value, judging that the insulation resistance between the battery pack high-voltage bus and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit works normally;
and when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the calculated positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is smaller than a preset insulation resistance safety value, judging that the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electric ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit is in fault.
Alternatively, the resistance value of the insulation resistor in the insulation resistor detection circuit is solved according to the formulas K1 Up1/Un1 and K2 Up2/Un 2.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention further provides a detection circuit for an insulation resistor of an automobile battery, wherein the fault detection circuit comprises a positive end insulation resistor, a negative end insulation resistor, a sampling circuit for collecting the voltage of the negative end insulation resistor, a memory, a processor and a fault detection program which is stored in the memory and can be operated on the processor; the positive end insulation resistor is connected between the positive electrode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, the negative end insulation resistor is connected between the negative electrode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, and the processor executes the fault detection program to realize the insulation resistance detection method of the automobile battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an automobile battery management system, which includes the above detection circuit for the insulation resistance of the automobile battery.
The technical proposal of the invention judges the relation between the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the preset voltage value by acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit, the pre-stored high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack and the resistance value of the sampling circuit, when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than the preset voltage value, acquiring the voltage Un1 of the first negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the first switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the second switch is switched off, and the voltage Un2 of the second negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the second switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the first switch is switched off, calculating the resistance value of the positive end insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative end insulation resistor according to the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack, the voltage of the negative end insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit through a normal battery pack insulation resistor calculation formula; when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than zero and smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value, a first switch and a third switch in the insulation resistor detection circuit are further controlled to be closed, a second switch is controlled to be opened, the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor is taken as 3M omega, and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is calculated according to the high-voltage bus voltage, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit and the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor. The misjudgment of the short-circuit fault between the battery pack and the automobile chassis in the battery management system of the electric automobile is solved by further adding a judgment condition in the detection circuit of the insulation resistor to calculate the resistance value of the insulation resistor at the negative end so as to solve the problem that the voltage of the insulation resistor approaches to 0V, and the insulation resistance value between the battery pack and the automobile chassis of the automobile is accurately calculated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an insulation resistance detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the detection circuit for the insulation resistance of the chassis of the vehicle according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 200 | Electric ground | R2 | |
| 210 | Sampling circuit | R3 | Third sampling resistor |
| V | Battery pack | R4 | Fourth sampling resistor |
| Rp | Positive end insulation resistor | S1 | First switch |
| Rn | Negative terminal insulation resistance | S2 | Second switch |
| R1 | A first sampling resistor | S3 | Third switch |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The scheme of the invention is applied to the field of electric automobiles, and the high-voltage battery pack of the electric automobile mainly meets the power requirements of a vehicle driving motor, a power steering system, a braking system, a vehicle-mounted air conditioning system and the like. For a high-voltage electric system of a closed loop of an electric automobile, the insulation performance of the high-voltage electric system is usually compared with an insulation resistance safety value or is characterized by the magnitude of an insulation voltage to ground in the electric system. Generally, when the voltage of a negative terminal insulation resistor in an electric vehicle insulation resistor detection circuit is 0V, a short-circuit fault between a battery pack in an electric vehicle battery management system and a vehicle chassis is normally judged, and then a warning is given; however, when the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus of the insulation resistance detection circuit in the battery management system of the electric vehicle is small, and the insulation resistance of the negative terminal is very small, the voltage of the insulation resistance of the negative terminal approaches to 0V, and the short-circuit fault between the battery pack of the electric vehicle and the vehicle chassis is misjudged, so that the insulation resistance cannot be accurately calculated, the normal operation of the electric vehicle is not facilitated, and a warning of high-voltage safety danger is given.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an insulation resistance detection method of an automobile battery, which is applied to a detection circuit of the insulation resistance of the automobile battery, wherein the insulation resistance detection circuit comprises a positive end insulation resistance, a negative end insulation resistance, an electric ground and a sampling circuit for collecting the voltage of the negative end insulation resistance, the positive end insulation resistance is connected between the positive electrode of a high-voltage bus of a battery pack and the electric ground, and the negative end insulation resistance is connected between the negative electrode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electric ground.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the insulation resistance detection method includes:
step S101, acquiring voltage of a negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by a sampling circuit, prestored high-voltage bus voltage of a battery pack and resistance of the sampling circuit;
step S102, when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than a preset voltage value, calculating according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit to obtain the resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor;
and S103, when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than zero and smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value, calculating to obtain the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit and the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor.
The sampling circuit may be implemented by any circuit for detecting the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor, and certainly, in order to improve the detection accuracy, a circuit schematic diagram as shown in fig. 2 may be used, where the pre-stored battery pack V high-voltage bus voltage is the total battery pack V voltage of the insulation resistor detection circuit, S1, S2, and S3 are respectively a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are respectively a first sampling resistor, a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, and a fourth sampling resistor, Rp is the positive terminal insulation resistor of the insulation resistor detection circuit, and Rn is the negative terminal insulation resistor of the insulation resistor detection circuit, and it can be understood that the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2, the third sampling resistor R3, and the fourth sampling resistor R4 are known pre-stored resistance values; the insulation resistance detection circuit is connected to a body of an electric vehicle, such as an electric chassis of the electric vehicle, corresponding to an electric ground 200 of the vehicle, through a wire. Of course, more switch selection and control can be achieved by adding sampling branches or elements to the sampling circuit shown in fig. 2.
In the embodiment, when the electric automobile is subjected to driving operations such as acceleration, braking, bending and the like, the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the electric automobile battery insulation resistance detection circuit shakes, the voltage of the positive-end insulation resistance and the voltage of the negative-end insulation resistance also shake, so that the voltage of the negative-end insulation resistance tends to be 0V sometimes, at the moment, the resistance value of the insulation resistance cannot be accurately calculated due to the fact that short-circuit fault misjudgment exists between the electric automobile battery pack and the automobile chassis, and meanwhile, if the state between the negative end of the high-voltage bus of the electric automobile insulation resistance detection circuit and the electric automobile chassis is judged by using the voltage of the negative-end insulation resistance, more errors are generated, the scheme realizes accurate calculation of the negative-end insulation resistance of the insulation resistance detection circuit by further increasing judgment conditions and using the method of the insulation resistance detection circuit for calculating the negative-end insulation resistance, meanwhile, the insulation state between the negative end of the high-voltage bus of the electric vehicle battery insulation resistance detection circuit and the electric vehicle chassis can be accurately judged.
In this embodiment, when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is judged to be greater than the preset voltage value, the voltage Un1 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the first switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the second switch is controlled to be opened, and the voltage Un2 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the second switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the first switch is controlled to be opened are acquired, and the resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor are calculated and obtained through a normal battery pack insulation resistor calculation formula according to the battery pack high-voltage bus voltage, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit; when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than zero and smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value, a first switch and a third switch in the insulation resistor detection circuit are further controlled to be closed, a second switch is controlled to be opened, a preset resistance value of a positive terminal insulation resistor is taken, and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is calculated according to the high-voltage bus voltage, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit and the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor. It is understood that the preset voltage value is a value close to 0, and ranges between 0V and 1V, such as 1V, 0.8V, 0.5V, etc.
It should be noted that, when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is judged to be greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the added judgment condition is that the first switch and the third switch in the insulation resistance detection circuit are controlled to be closed, the second switch is controlled to be opened, the preset resistance value of the positive end insulation resistance Rp is more than or equal to 2M omega, it will be appreciated that the resistance of the positive side insulation resistor takes a large value, which may be 3M omega, 4M omega, 5M omega etc., the preset resistance value of the positive side insulation resistor is 3M omega, at this time, the current flowing through the positive side insulation resistor Rp in the insulation resistor detection circuit is very small, the positive side insulation resistor is equivalent to open circuit, when the resistance value of the negative end insulation resistor is calculated in the insulation resistor detection circuit, the branch circuit of the positive end insulation resistor is not added for calculation, so that the resistance value of the negative end insulation resistor in the insulation resistor detection circuit can be accurately calculated in a controlled manner.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the sampling circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first sampling resistor, a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, and a fourth sampling resistor; the first end of first sampling resistance with positive terminal insulation resistance's first end and group battery high voltage bus positive end are connected respectively, positive terminal insulation resistance's second end negative terminal insulation resistance's first end the second end of first switch the first end of second switch with the first end interconnect of third sampling resistance, the second end of second sampling resistance with the second end of fourth sampling resistance is connected with group battery high voltage bus negative end respectively, the second end of second switch with the first end of second sampling resistance is connected, the second end of third sampling resistance with the first end of third switch is connected, the second end of third switch with the first end of fourth sampling resistance is connected.
Based on this sampling circuit, the acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistance collected by the sampling circuit 210 includes:
controlling the first switch and the third switch to be closed, and the second switch to be opened;
the voltage Un1 of the negative side insulation resistor currently acquired by the sampling circuit 210 is obtained and recorded as the voltage of the first negative side insulation resistor.
In this embodiment, when it is determined that the voltage value of the negative-side insulation resistor is greater than zero and less than or equal to a preset voltage value, the determination condition is further increased according to the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack, the voltage of the negative-side insulation resistor, the resistance value of the sampling circuit, and the preset resistance value of the positive-side insulation resistor, and the resistance value of the negative-side insulation resistor in the insulation resistor detection circuit is calculated according to Rp — 3M Ω and a formula Up1/R1 — Un1/((R3+ R4)// Rn1), so that the resistance value of the negative-side insulation resistor is calculated according to Rn1 ((R3+ R4) × R1)/(Up 1/Un 1)/((R3 + R4) -R1).
In a state where the first switch and the third switch of the insulation resistance detection circuit are closed and the second switch is open, Rn1 is a resistance value of a negative-end insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, Up1 is a voltage of a first positive-end insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, Un1 is a voltage of a first negative-end insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, R1 is a resistance value of a first sampling resistor of the insulation resistance detection circuit, R3 is a resistance value of a third sampling resistor of the insulation resistance detection circuit, and R4 is a resistance value of a fourth sampling resistor of the insulation resistance detection circuit; (R3+ R4)// Rn1 is the resistance value of the parallel connection of the branch where the third sampling resistor and the fourth sampling resistor are located and the branch where the insulation resistor at the negative end is located in the insulation resistor detection circuit.
In this embodiment, the preset resistance Rp of the positive side insulation resistor is 3M Ω, when the voltage value of the negative side insulation resistor is greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the first switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed, the second switch is controlled to be opened, the resistance of the positive side insulation resistor Rp is very large, the preset resistance Rp here takes 3M Ω, the current flowing through the positive side insulation resistor Rp in the insulation resistor detection circuit is very small, which can be similar to the open circuit of the positive side insulation resistor, and the calculation of the negative side insulation resistor in the insulation resistor detection circuit can be equivalent to the calculation of the branch of the positive side insulation resistor.
In one embodiment, the voltage Up1 of the first positive side insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit is calculated according to the formula Up1 ═ (Ubus1-Un1), where Ubus1 is the first high voltage bus voltage of the battery pack prestored in the insulation resistance detection circuit, and Un1 is the voltage of the first negative side insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, it can be understood that the prestored first high voltage bus voltage Ubus1 is the known high voltage bus voltage of the vehicle battery pack, and the voltage Un1 of the first negative side insulation resistor is acquired by closing the first switch and the third switch in the insulation resistance detection circuit and opening the second switch.
In the above embodiment, through the voltage of the collected negative terminal insulation resistor, the pre-stored high-voltage bus voltage of the automobile battery pack and the resistance of the sampling circuit, whether the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is close to zero or not is judged, the judgment condition is further increased to calculate the negative terminal insulation resistor, and the negative terminal insulation resistor of the insulation resistor detection circuit is accurately calculated.
Based on the sampling circuit, in an embodiment, the insulation resistance detection method further includes:
when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than the preset voltage value, acquiring voltage Un1 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the first switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the second switch is switched off, and voltage Un2 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the second switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the first switch is switched off; wherein, Up1/RP + Up1/R1 ═ Un1/RN + Un1/(R3+ R4), Up2/RP ═ Un2/RN + Un2/R2+ Un2/(R3+ R4);
solving according to a formula of Up1/RP + Up1/R1 ═ Un1/RN + Un1/(R3+ R4) and a formula of Up2/RP ═ Un2/RN + Un2/R2+ Un 2/(R2 + R2) to obtain a resistance value RN ═ of the negative-end insulation resistor (((Up2/Un2) - (Up2/Un 2))/R2)/(((Up 2/Un2) - (Up2/Un 2))/((Up 2/Un 2)));
wherein Rn is a resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor, Rp is a resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor, Up1 is a voltage of a first positive terminal insulation resistor, Up2 is a voltage of a second positive terminal insulation resistor, Un1 is a voltage of a first negative terminal insulation resistor, Un2 is a voltage of a second negative terminal insulation resistor, R1 is a resistance value of a first sampling resistor, R2 is a resistance value of a second sampling resistor, R3 is a resistance value of a third sampling resistor, and R4 is a resistance value of a fourth sampling resistor.
In this embodiment, when the voltage value of the negative-side insulation resistor is greater than the preset voltage value, the resistance value of the insulation resistor is calculated, and when the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus in the insulation resistor detection circuit is normal, it can be understood that the voltage of the automobile battery pack high-voltage bus does not fluctuate greatly, and does not approach to zero, so that the positive-side insulation resistor Rp cannot become large, the current flowing through the positive-side insulation resistor Rp cannot be small, and a branch of the positive-side insulation resistor needs to be added for calculation when the resistance value of the insulation resistor is calculated in the insulation resistor detection circuit.
In this embodiment, when the voltage value of the negative-side insulation resistor is determined to be greater than the preset voltage value, the resistance value of the insulation resistor is directly calculated according to the voltage of the high-voltage bus of the automobile battery pack, the voltage of the negative-side insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit, and it can be understood that the resistance values of the insulation resistors are the resistance value of the positive-side insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative-side insulation resistor, that is, the resistance values of the Up 1/Rn + Un1/(R3+ R4) and the Up2/RP ═ Un2/Rn + Un2/R2+ Un2/(R3+ R3), and the resistance value of the positive-side insulation resistor RP ═ Rn 3 (3/3) ((Up 3/3) ((3/3))) (3/3) ((3/3)))) (3) and the resistance value of the negative-Up 3/3) insulation resistor (3) ((3) is 3/3) and 3) is obtained by solving the method 3) and the resistance value of the insulation resistor (Rn 3) is obtained /Un 2)). R1)/(R3+ R4) + ((Up1/Un1) (1+ (Up2/Un 2)))).
Wherein Rn is a resistance value of a negative terminal insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, Rp is a resistance value of a positive terminal insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, Up1 is a voltage of a first positive terminal insulation resistor, Up2 is a voltage of a second positive terminal insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, Un1 is a voltage of a first negative terminal insulation resistor, Un2 is a voltage of a second negative terminal insulation resistor in the insulation resistance detection circuit, R1 is a resistance value of a first sampling resistor, R2 is a resistance value of a second sampling resistor of the insulation resistance detection circuit, R3 is a resistance value of a third sampling resistor of the insulation resistance detection circuit, and R4 is a resistance value of a fourth sampling resistor of the insulation resistance detection circuit. In this embodiment, when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is greater than the preset voltage value, the normal calculation of the resistance value of the insulation resistor detection circuit is realized.
In one embodiment, the voltage Up2 of the second positive side insulation resistor is calculated according to the formula Up2 ═ (Ubus2-Un2), the Ubus2 is a prestored second high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack, and Un2 is the voltage of the second negative side insulation resistor; it can be understood that the prestored second high-voltage bus voltage Ubus2 is a known high-voltage bus voltage of the automobile battery pack, the second ground insulation voltage Un2 is acquired by closing a second switch and a third switch in an insulation resistance detection circuit and opening a first switch.
In this embodiment, when the voltage value of the negative-side insulation resistor is greater than the preset voltage value, the second switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed, the first switch is opened, and then the resistance value of the insulation resistor in the insulation resistor detection circuit is calculated by combining the Up1/RP + Up1/R1 with Un1/RN + Un1/(R3+ R4). It can be understood that, in this case, if the voltage of the negative side insulation resistor approaches zero, the branch of the positive side insulation resistor is equivalent to open circuit, and the first switch S1 of the branch where R1 is located is open, so that the entire insulation resistance detection circuit is open circuit, and the insulation resistance in the vehicle battery insulation resistance detection circuit cannot be calculated.
For the insulation resistance calculated by the automobile battery insulation resistance detection circuit, in an embodiment, when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the calculated positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is greater than a preset insulation resistance safety value, it is determined that the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the automobile chassis is in normal operation;
and when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the calculated positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is smaller than a preset insulation resistance safety value, judging that the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the automobile chassis has a fault.
In the embodiment, the insulation resistance calculated by the automobile battery insulation resistance detection circuit is compared with a preset insulation resistance safety value, whether the insulation resistance value reaches a safety value standard is further judged, if the insulation resistance value does not reach the safety value standard, an insulation fault exists between the high-voltage bus of the automobile battery pack and the automobile chassis is judged, and it can be understood that the preset insulation resistance safety value is according to GB/T18384.3-2015 safety requirements for electric automobiles or hybrid automobiles, wherein the preset insulation resistance safety value can be 100 Ω/V, that is, when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is greater than the preset insulation resistance safety value of 100 Ω/V, the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the automobile battery pack and the automobile chassis is judged to be normal, and the automobile works normally; and when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the calculated positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is smaller than a preset insulation resistance safety value of 100 omega/V, judging that the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the automobile battery pack and the automobile chassis has a fault, and sending a fault warning to prompt attention to high-voltage safety danger.
It should be noted that, for the positive end insulation resistor or the negative end insulation resistor in the automobile battery insulation resistor detection circuit, if any insulation resistor does not reach the insulation resistor safety value standard, the insulation resistor fault between the high-voltage bus of the automobile battery pack and the automobile chassis is judged, and a fault warning is sent to prompt attention to the high-voltage safety hazard.
In one embodiment, the resistance value of the insulation resistor in the insulation resistor detection circuit is solved according to the formulas K1 Up1/Un1 and K2 Up2/Un 2.
In this embodiment, when the insulation resistance detection circuit is normally obtained by simplifying the calculation of the insulation resistance using K ═ Up/Un and K ═ Up/Un, that is, when the voltage value of the negative-side insulation resistance is greater than the preset voltage value, the resistance RP ═ RP (((Up/Un) - (Up/Un)) × R)/(1 + (Up/Un)) of the positive-side insulation resistance is obtained by jointly solving Up/RP + Up/R ═ Un/RN + Un/R + Un/(R + R)), and the voltage RN ═ ((K-K)/((K-K) × R)/(R + K) + (1+ K)) of the negative-side insulation resistance, and the voltage RN of the battery pack in the insulation resistance detection circuit is small, in the case where the value of the positive-side insulation resistance Rp is large, that is, when the voltage value of the negative-side insulation resistance is greater than zero and less than or equal to a preset voltage value, the voltage Rn of the negative-side insulation resistance is ((R3+ R4) × R1)/(K1(R3+ R4) -R1).
It can be understood that by using the hardware circuit of the insulation resistance detection circuit, even if the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus changes, the voltage of the positive-end insulation resistance and the voltage of the negative-end insulation resistance also change simultaneously, and whether the fluctuation of the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus and the voltage Un1 to ground is stable or not, the influence of unstable voltage of the high-voltage bus can be removed through the collected voltage of the high-voltage bus, the collected voltage of the negative-end insulation resistance Rn and the resistance value of the sampling circuit, so that the resistance value of the insulation resistance in the automobile battery insulation resistance detection circuit can be accurately calculated.
In addition, the invention also provides a detection circuit of the insulation resistance of the automobile battery, which comprises a positive end insulation resistance, a negative end insulation resistance, a sampling circuit for collecting the voltage of the negative end insulation resistance, a memory, a processor and an insulation resistance detection program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor; the positive end insulation resistor is connected between the anode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, the negative end insulation resistor is connected between the cathode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, and the processor realizes the insulation resistance detection method when executing the insulation resistance detection program.
Since the insulation resistance detection circuit adopts all technical solutions of all the embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments are achieved, and no further description is given here.
In addition, the invention further provides an automobile battery management system, which comprises the fault detection circuit of the automobile battery insulation resistor, and the automobile adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, so that the automobile battery management system at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the details are not repeated. It is understood that the vehicle battery management system may be applied to an electric vehicle.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an insulation resistance detection method of car battery, is applied to car battery insulation resistance's detection circuitry, and this insulation resistance detection circuitry includes positive terminal insulation resistance, negative terminal insulation resistance and is used for gathering the sampling circuit of negative terminal insulation resistance's voltage, positive terminal insulation resistance connects between the anodal of group battery high voltage bus and insulation resistance detection circuitry electricity ground, negative terminal insulation resistance connects between group battery high voltage bus negative pole and insulation resistance detection circuitry electricity ground, its characterized in that, the insulation resistance detection method includes:
acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit, the prestored high-voltage bus voltage of the battery pack and the resistance value of the sampling circuit;
when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than a preset voltage value, calculating the resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit;
and when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than zero and smaller than or equal to a preset voltage value, regarding the branch where the positive terminal insulation resistor is located as an open circuit, and calculating to obtain the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor and the resistance value of the sampling circuit.
2. The insulation resistance detection method of an automobile battery according to claim 1, wherein the sampling circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first sampling resistor, a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, and a fourth sampling resistor; the first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the positive end insulation resistor and the positive end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the positive end insulation resistor, the first end of the negative end insulation resistor, the second end of the first switch, the first end of the second switch and the first end of the third sampling resistor are connected with each other, the second end of the second sampling resistor and the second end of the fourth sampling resistor are connected with the negative end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the second sampling resistor, the second end of the third sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the third switch, and the second end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the fourth sampling resistor;
the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the acquisition sampling circuit comprises:
controlling the first switch and the third switch to be closed, and the second switch to be opened;
and acquiring the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistor currently acquired by the sampling circuit, and recording the voltage as the voltage of the first negative terminal insulation resistor.
3. The method for detecting the insulation resistance of the automobile battery according to claim 2, wherein the preset resistance value of the positive terminal insulation resistance Rp is greater than or equal to 2M Ω, and the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistance is obtained by calculation according to the voltage of the battery pack high-voltage bus, the voltage of the negative terminal insulation resistance and the resistance value of the sampling circuit, and comprises the following steps:
solving according to Rp-3M omega and a formula Up 1/R1-Un 1/((R3+ R4)// Rn1) to obtain a resistance value Rn1 of the negative terminal insulation resistor ((R3+ R4) × R1)/((Up1/Un1) × (R3+ R4) -R1);
wherein Rn1 is the resistance value of the negative terminal insulation resistor, Up1 is the voltage of the first positive terminal insulation resistor, Un1 is the voltage of the first negative terminal insulation resistor, R1 is the resistance value of the first sampling resistor, R3 is the resistance value of the third sampling resistor, and R4 is the resistance value of the fourth sampling resistor.
4. The insulation resistance detection method of the vehicle battery according to claim 3, wherein a voltage Up1 of the first positive side insulation resistance is calculated according to a formula Up1 ═ (Ubus1-Un1), the Ubus1 is a pre-stored first high voltage bus voltage of the battery pack, and Un1 is a voltage of the first negative side insulation resistance.
5. The insulation resistance detection method of an automobile battery according to claim 1, wherein the sampling circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first sampling resistor, a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, and a fourth sampling resistor; the first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the positive end insulation resistor and the positive end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the positive end insulation resistor, the first end of the negative end insulation resistor, the second end of the first switch, the first end of the second switch and the first end of the third sampling resistor are connected with each other, the second end of the second sampling resistor and the second end of the fourth sampling resistor are connected with the negative end of the battery pack high-voltage bus respectively, the second end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the second sampling resistor, the second end of the third sampling resistor is connected with the first end of the third switch, and the second end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the fourth sampling resistor; the insulation resistance detection method further includes:
when the voltage value of the negative terminal insulation resistor is larger than the preset voltage value, acquiring voltage Un1 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the first switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the second switch is switched off, and voltage Un2 of the negative terminal insulation resistor acquired by the sampling circuit when the second switch and the third switch are controlled to be closed and the first switch is switched off; wherein, Up1/Rp + Up1/R1 ═ Un1/Rn + Un1/(R3+ R4), Up2/Rp ═ Un2/Rn + Un2/R2+ Un2/(R3+ R4);
solving according to the formula Up1/Rp + Up1/R1 ═ Un1/Rn + Un1/(R3+ R4) and the formula Up2/Rp ═ Un2/Rn + Un2/R2+ Un2/(R3+ R4) to obtain the resistance Rp ═ of the positive terminal insulation resistor (((Up2/Un2) - (Up1/Un1)) × R1)/(1+ (Up1/Un1)), and the resistance Rn of the negative terminal insulation resistor (((Up2/Un2) - (Up1/Un 1))/((1/Un 1) + (Up1/Un 1));
wherein Rp is a resistance value of the positive terminal insulating resistor, Rn is a resistance value of the negative terminal insulating resistor, Up1 is a voltage of the first positive terminal insulating resistor, Up2 is a voltage of the second positive terminal insulating resistor, Un1 is a voltage of the first negative terminal insulating resistor, Un2 is a voltage of the second negative terminal insulating resistor, R1 is a resistance value of the first sampling resistor, R2 is a resistance value of the second sampling resistor, R3 is a resistance value of the third sampling resistor, and R4 is a resistance value of the fourth sampling resistor.
6. The insulation resistance detection method of the vehicle battery according to claim 5, wherein a voltage Up2 of the second positive side insulation resistance is calculated according to a formula Up2 ═ (Ubus2-Un2), the Ubus2 is a prestored second high voltage bus voltage of the battery pack, and Un2 is the voltage of the second negative side insulation resistance.
7. The method for detecting the insulation resistance of the automobile battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the positive terminal insulation resistance Rp is greater than a preset insulation resistance safety value, it is determined that the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit is operating normally;
and when the calculated negative terminal insulation resistance Rn and/or the calculated positive terminal insulation resistance Rp are/is smaller than a preset insulation resistance safety value, judging that the insulation resistance between the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electric ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit is in fault.
8. The insulation resistance detection method of an automobile battery according to claim 6, wherein the resistance value of the insulation resistance in the insulation resistance detection circuit is solved according to the formulas K1 Up1/Un1 and K2 Up2/Un 2.
9. The detection circuit of the insulation resistance of the automobile battery is characterized by comprising a positive end insulation resistance, a negative end insulation resistance, a sampling circuit for acquiring the voltage of the negative end insulation resistance, a memory, a processor and a fault detection program which is stored on the memory and can be operated on the processor; the positive end insulation resistor is connected between the positive electrode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, the negative end insulation resistor is connected between the negative electrode of the high-voltage bus of the battery pack and the electrical ground of the insulation resistance detection circuit, and the processor executes the fault detection program to realize the insulation resistance detection method of the automobile battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An automobile battery management system, characterized by comprising the detection circuit of the insulation resistance of an automobile battery according to claim 9.
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| CN110988724B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-03-15 | 上海电气国轩新能源科技有限公司 | Method, system, medium, and electronic device for detecting insulation failure of battery cluster |
| CN113835039B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-01-20 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Grounding detection circuit and method |
| CN113125986B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-06-03 | 无锡凌博电子技术有限公司 | Insulation resistance detection system of battery management system for electric motorcycle |
| CN112858856B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2023-10-03 | 南京市欣旺达新能源有限公司 | Low-cost insulation detection circuit and detection method |
| CN113295927B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2023-06-20 | 度普(苏州)新能源科技有限公司 | Insulation detection system and insulation detection method |
| CN114325102A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Insulation resistance detection circuit, insulation resistance detection method thereof and automobile |
| CN117434408B (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-29 | 珠海科创储能科技有限公司 | Battery insulation detection circuit, method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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| CN103389436B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-12-02 | 中达电通股份有限公司 | The switching type insulated monitoring method of DC power-supply system and system |
| CN104749441B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2018-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of insulation resistance measurement circuit |
| JP6637749B2 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2020-01-29 | 株式会社デンソーテン | Insulation abnormality detection device and insulation abnormality detection method |
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| CN106645963B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-06-04 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | Insulating resistor detecting circuit and its detection method |
| CN207114697U (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-03-16 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | High-tension battery Insulation Inspection System |
| CN108152749B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2024-03-15 | 合众新能源汽车股份有限公司 | BMS multifunctional integrated high-voltage monitoring system |
| CN108957135B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2022-01-28 | 顺科新能源技术股份有限公司 | Online measuring system and method for insulation resistance of electric automobile |
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