CN109596764A - A kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity - Google Patents
A kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity, select donkey-hide gelatin, prepare original donkey-hide gelatin sample, analyze the smell of original donkey-hide gelatin sample, it makes Odor Evaluations and classifies to donkey-hide gelatin, as artificial identification sample, donkey-hide gelatin sample smell map is acquired by quick gas phase electronic nose, establish the quick analysis model of donkey-hide gelatin, learn that the donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity discrimination model of foundation is effectively and accurate according to experimental result, this model can fast and effeciently donkey-hide gelatin product whether oxidative rancidity, improve the identification effect and accuracy rate of the quality of donkey-hide gelatin, it collects the sample of different degree of oxidation and establishes different instance models, pass through the comparison to unknown sample and smell chromatography, and then quickly determine the degree of oxidation of sample, determine the degree of oxidation feasibility of sample, accuracy is higher, this model can fast and effeciently donkey-hide gelatin product whether Oxidative rancidity, data acquisition efficiency is high, improves the identification effect and accuracy rate of the quality of donkey-hide gelatin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity method of discrimination field, specially a kind of side of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity
Method.
Background technique
Donkey-hide gelatin is that the drying skin of equid rate or fresh hide are decocted, manufactured solid gum are concentrated.With enriching yin of enriching blood, profit
It is dry, the effect of hemostasis.With the promotion of living standard, the proposition of " 2030 planning outline of Health China ", more and more persons
Select health care.Donkey-hide gelatin is exactly the public first choices for nourishing and health preserving.However during beating powder and taking, due to saving
Too long donkey-hide gelatin meeting oxidative rancidity of improper or standing time, generates significantly " rancidity ", being then difficult judgement sometimes is sometimes
It is no to have this smell, or just " rancidity " can not be identified at all early stage oxidative rancidity.Currently, determining either with or without one kind is objective
Property, the accurate method for determining donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity.
Since 2000, present detection device and technology have the development advanced by leaps and bounds.It is some to be with organoleptic detection
Main equipment makes great progress and develops, such as electronic eyes, electronic tongues, electronic nose etc., this is the odor detection of donkey-hide gelatin
It lays a good foundation, electronic nose is exactly a kind of equipment that can be rapid qualitative quantitative determination smell sample.
Also do not have now quickly and accurate judgement donkey-hide gelatin whether the method or apparatus of oxidative rancidity, therefore donkey-hide gelatin quality is sentenced
Not and testing cost is higher, and efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that prior art, the present invention provide a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity,
It can effectively solve the problem of background technique proposes.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity, includes the following steps:
Step 100 selects donkey-hide gelatin, prepares original donkey-hide gelatin sample；
The smell of step 200, the original donkey-hide gelatin sample of analysis, makes Odor Evaluations and classifies to donkey-hide gelatin, as artificial
Identify sample；
Step 300 acquires donkey-hide gelatin sample smell map by quick gas phase electronic nose；
Step 400 establishes the quick analysis model of donkey-hide gelatin.
Further, the preparation step of the original donkey-hide gelatin sample is as follows:
Intact donkey-hide gelatin is taken, is uniformly divided into several pieces after beating powder, and the gelatin powder of several pieces is placed on room temperature
It is placed three months in air, as first sample group；Equivalent new production donkey-hide gelatin is taken again, is uniformly divided into and first sample group after beating powder
The gelatin powder of equal parts, is sealed, as the second sample group.
Further, the classification include original donkey-hide gelatin sample is divided into oxidative rancidity donkey-hide gelatin sample and non-oxidative rancidity Ah
Glue sample.
Further, the establishment step of the quick analysis model of the donkey-hide gelatin is as follows:
Step 401 will artificially identify that samples normalization is handled, and extract characteristic simultaneously from the data after normalized
Establish database；
Step 402, the data for randomly selecting the data for not aoxidizing donkey-hide gelatin sample in the database and aoxidizing donkey-hide gelatin sample are made
For the training set of DFA method, donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity discrimination model is established；
Step 403, the normalized for acquiring electric nasus system substitute into donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidizing acid after extracting characteristic
It loses and carries out discriminant analysis in discrimination model.
Further, the donkey-hide gelatin sample smell map is the quick gas phase electron of HERACLES II of ALPHA MOS company
The spectrogram of nose acquisition sample.
Further, in step 300, the testing conditions of electronic nose are as follows: it is 1g, sample that quality, which is added, in sample in sample injection bottle
Hatching or heating concussion temperature is 50 DEG C and continues 8min, sampling volume 5ml, injector temperature is 200 DEG C, and sample introduction is lasting
Time is 10s, and the temperature of collecting trap is 20-250 DEG C, and the trapping duration is 20s.
Further, the temperature program of electronic nose is heated up using segmented, detailed process are as follows: initial column temperature is 45 DEG C and protects
Temperature 5s is held, the heating rate of electronic nose is 0.1 DEG C/s, electronic nose in 60-100 DEG C of temperature range in 45-60 DEG C of temperature range
Heating rate be 0.5 DEG C/s, the heating rate of electronic nose is 2 DEG C/s in 100-250 DEG C of temperature range, maintains 250 DEG C and reaches
40s。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) donkey-hide gelatin sample of the invention need to only be crushed without complicated pre-treatment, simple and efficient to handle, repeated
The advantages such as good, sensitivity height.
(2) present invention carries out odiferous information acquisition using electric nasus system, obtains the finger-print of smell, each sample is adopted
Integrate the time as 350s, collecting efficiency is high.
(3) it collects the sample of different degree of oxidation and establishes different instance models, by unknown sample and smell color
The comparison of spectrum, and then quickly determine the degree of oxidation of sample determines the degree of oxidation feasibility, accurate of sample in this way
Property it is higher, can be quickly to there are the sample of query accurate judgement be made, whether this model can fast and effeciently donkey-hide gelatin product aoxidize
It is rancid, improve the identification effect and accuracy rate of the quality of donkey-hide gelatin.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity method of discrimination of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the donkey-hide gelatin sample map for the oxidative rancidity that electronic nose of the invention acquires；
Fig. 3 is the donkey-hide gelatin sample map for the non-oxidative rancidity that electronic nose of the invention acquires；
Fig. 4 is donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity discrimination model figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, including the following steps: the present invention provides a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity
Step 100 selects donkey-hide gelatin, prepares original donkey-hide gelatin sample, original donkey-hide gelatin sample making step are as follows: take intact
Donkey-hide gelatin is uniformly divided into several pieces after beating powder, and the gelatin powder of several pieces is placed in the air of room temperature and is placed three months, as
First sample group；Equivalent new production donkey-hide gelatin is taken again, plays after powder the gelatin powder being uniformly divided into first sample group equal parts, sealing
It saves, as the second sample group.First sample group is identical with the gelatin powder number of the second sample group, and the grain diameter of gelatin powder
Unanimously, the manufacturer of donkey-hide gelatin is also consistent, avoids influence of the donkey-hide gelatin quality difference to Model checking accuracy.
The smell of step 200, the original donkey-hide gelatin sample of analysis, makes Odor Evaluations and classifies to donkey-hide gelatin, classification includes
Original donkey-hide gelatin sample is divided into oxidative rancidity donkey-hide gelatin sample and non-oxidative rancidity donkey-hide gelatin sample, as artificial identification sample.It makes
Odor Evaluations are the personnel of the research of long campaigns odor trait or detection, and each sample should at least pass through whole participations in principle
The confirmation of identification technology personnel is not selected for there is the sample of dispute.
Step 300 acquires donkey-hide gelatin sample smell map by quick gas phase electronic nose, and donkey-hide gelatin sample smell map is
The spectrogram of the quick gas phase electronic nose of the HERACLES II acquisition sample of ALPHA MOS company.It is with reference to the prior art, smell is special
Family's acquisition is converted into the data for being conducive to establish model, thus it is more comparative, it is more easier to distinguish.
Inventor in electronic nose acquisition condition shake temperature, concussion the time, temperature program, sampling volume, flow rate of carrier gas,
It traps the factors such as temperature, trap time and carries out Detailed Experimental analysis, discovery temperature program, concussion temperature, concussion time are to acquisition
Informational influence is larger, and maximum with the influence that temperature program acquires data, concussion temperature is taken second place.Work as by experiment sieving discovery and adopts
Collection parameter and temperature program be it is arranged below when electric nasus system high sensitivity, it is reproducible, can preferably collect effectively
Modeling data.
The testing conditions of electronic nose are as follows: it is 1g, the hatching or heating concussion temperature of sample that quality, which is added, in sample in sample injection bottle
For 50 DEG C and continue 8min, sampling volume 5ml, injector temperature is 200 DEG C, and the sample introduction duration is 10s, the temperature of collecting trap
Degree is 20-250 DEG C, and the trapping duration is 20s.
The temperature program of electronic nose is heated up using segmented, detailed process are as follows: and initial column temperature is 45 DEG C and keeps temperature 5s,
The heating rate of electronic nose is 0.1 DEG C/s in 45-60 DEG C of temperature range, the heating rate of electronic nose in 60-100 DEG C of temperature range
For 0.5 DEG C/s, the heating rate of electronic nose is 2 DEG C/s in 100-250 DEG C of temperature range, maintains 250 DEG C to reach 40s.
Step 400 establishes the quick analysis model of donkey-hide gelatin, and the establishment step of the quick analysis model of donkey-hide gelatin is as follows:
Step 401 will artificially identify that samples normalization is handled, and extract characteristic simultaneously from the data after normalized
Establish database；
Step 402, the data for randomly selecting the data for not aoxidizing donkey-hide gelatin sample in the database and aoxidizing donkey-hide gelatin sample are made
For the training set of DFA method, donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity discrimination model is established；
Step 403, the normalized for acquiring electric nasus system substitute into donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidizing acid after extracting characteristic
It loses and carries out discriminant analysis in discrimination model.
The analysis of DFA method, that is, Assessing parameters, is a kind of sorting technique by linear dimensionality reduction, its angle from covariance matrix
It sets out and looks for preferably projecting, while by being reconfigured to sensing data, make after projection distance between inhomogeneity sample
Increase, and distance reduces between generic sample, to optimize sample room discrimination.Using Electronic Nose Technology to volatility peculiar smell into
When row research, without carrying out qualitative, quantitative to each constituent, but the Global Information for obtaining object volatility peculiar smell (refers to
Line map), processing is carried out to electronic nose data using statistical method and is expected to disclose its inner link and makes an appraisal.Different
Testing conditions have an impact to the data of electronic nose acquisition, so that the foundation of model is affected, the final accuracy for influencing to differentiate.
It follows that obtaining representative sample is committed step, and representative sample in the building of DFA model
It is screened after needing professional technician to carry out sense organ identification.Thus present invention selection absolutely not oxidative rancidity and oxidizing acid
The stronger sample of degree is lost as representative sample.Meanwhile optimizing the acquisition condition of sample, the difference between sample is entirely capable of
Enough acquiring and be converted into information is another key.
According to the above method, pass through the validity of specific embodiment test model.Specific implementation step is as follows:
(a) collector collects 82, donkey-hide gelatin sample altogether, and respectively 41 are played room temperature 3 months after powder samples and 41
A new production in 2018 and the sample for beating powder immediately.The technical staff identified by 5 long campaigns odor traits is to all 82
A sample carries out sense organ identification, and discovery confirms the sample of 41 non-oxidative rancidities, the sample of 33 oxidative rancidities, wherein 8 altogether
There is dispute in identification in sample technical staff, therefore reject.
(b) odor data of 74 samples confirmed in acquisition (a), acquisition condition are as follows: injector temperature is 200 DEG C, into
The sample duration is 10s, and the initial temperature of collecting trap is 20 DEG C, and the trapping duration is 20s, and collecting trap final temperature is 250
℃.Elevated Temperature Conditions are equal are as follows: initial column temperature is 45 DEG C, maintains 5s；45-60 DEG C, 0.1 DEG C/s, 60 DEG C of maintenance 0s；60-100 DEG C, 0.5
DEG C/s, 100 DEG C of maintenance 0s；100-250 DEG C, 2 DEG C/s, 250 DEG C of maintenance 40s.Obtain 74 different electronic nose odor datas.
The donkey-hide gelatin sample map that the map specifically acquired such as Fig. 2 oxidizing acid becomes, the donkey-hide gelatin sample graph of the non-oxidative rancidity of Fig. 3
Spectrum.
(c) respectively to and electronic nose odor data be normalized, obtaining 74 can modeling data.From 74 data
Database in randomly select 30 non-oxidative rancidity samples, 20 oxidative rancidity samples composition training sets, remaining sample group
At test set.Training set is modeled using DFA method, as a result such as Fig. 4.As can be seen from Figure 4, first Assessing parameters (DF1)
Contribution rate 100% illustrates that DF1 can all summarize raw information.Sample and oxidative rancidity sample are not aoxidized respectively in Y-axis two
Side does not have intersection on DF1 axis, illustrates that DFA Method Modeling can be realized the complete of non-oxidative rancidity sample and oxidative rancidity sample
The whole district point.
Test set sample is subjected to model projection, obtains the judgement of sample as a result, being shown in Table 1.From verification result it is found that 24
For test sample data recognition correct rate up to 100%, the discrimination model established is effective.
1.24 test sample test results of table
Preferably, donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity discrimination model can fast and effeciently donkey-hide gelatin product whether oxidative rancidity, mention
The high identification effect and accuracy rate of the quality of donkey-hide gelatin.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity, which comprises the steps of:
Step 100 selects donkey-hide gelatin, prepares original donkey-hide gelatin sample；
The smell of step 200, the original donkey-hide gelatin sample of analysis, makes Odor Evaluations and classifies to donkey-hide gelatin, as artificial identification
Sample；
Step 300 acquires donkey-hide gelatin sample smell map by quick gas phase electronic nose；
Step 400 establishes the quick analysis model of donkey-hide gelatin.
2. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that original Ah
The preparation step of glue sample is as follows:
Intact donkey-hide gelatin is taken, is uniformly divided into several pieces after beating powder, and the gelatin powder of several pieces is placed on to the air of room temperature
It is middle to place three months, as first sample group；Take equivalent new production donkey-hide gelatin again, beat after powder be uniformly divided into it is identical as first sample group
The gelatin powder of number, is sealed, as the second sample group.
3. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the classification packet
It includes and original donkey-hide gelatin sample is divided into oxidative rancidity donkey-hide gelatin sample and non-oxidative rancidity donkey-hide gelatin sample.
4. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the donkey-hide gelatin is fast
The establishment step of fast analysis model is as follows:
Step 401 will artificially identify that samples normalization is handled, and characteristic is extracted from the data after normalized and is established
Database；
Step 402 randomly selects the data for not aoxidizing donkey-hide gelatin sample in the database and aoxidizes the data of donkey-hide gelatin sample as DFA
The training set of method establishes donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity discrimination model；
Step 403, the normalized for acquiring electric nasus system, substitution donkey-hide gelatin sample oxidative rancidity is sentenced after extracting characteristic
Discriminant analysis is carried out in other model.
5. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the donkey-hide gelatin sample
This smell map is that the quick gas phase electronic nose of HERACLES II of ALPHA MOS company acquires the spectrogram of sample.
6. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 300
In, the testing conditions of electronic nose are as follows: it is 1g that quality, which is added, in sample in sample injection bottle, and the hatching of sample or heating concussion temperature are 50 DEG C
And continuing 8min, sampling volume 5ml, injector temperature is 200 DEG C, and the sample introduction duration is 10s, and the temperature of collecting trap is
20-250 DEG C, the trapping duration is 20s.
7. a kind of method of quick discrimination donkey-hide gelatin oxidative rancidity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the liter of electronic nose
Warm program is heated up using segmented, detailed process are as follows: initial column temperature is 45 DEG C and keeps temperature 5s, in 45-60 DEG C of temperature range
The heating rate of electronic nose is 0.1 DEG C/s, and the heating rate of electronic nose is 0.5 DEG C/s, 100-250 in 60-100 DEG C of temperature range
The heating rate of electronic nose is 2 DEG C/s in DEG C temperature range, maintains 250 DEG C to reach 40s.
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2018
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| KR20160053101A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-13 | 서울여자대학교 산학협력단 | Discrimination Method of Geographical Origin for Commercial Red Ginseng concentrate Using combined Liquid Chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer/MS and Electronic Nose based on mass spectrometry |
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