CN109596710A - The device and method of sleeve grouting defect ultrasound detection based on wavelet-packet energy - Google Patents
The device and method of sleeve grouting defect ultrasound detection based on wavelet-packet energy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and method of sleeve grouting defect ultrasound detection based on wavelet-packet energy, method includes: to obtain wavelet-packet energy ratio vector by ultrasound detection signal on precast concrete, sleeve grouting defect index is obtained according to above-mentioned vector, target value is referred to according to above-mentioned grouting defect to judge the grouting situation of the reinforced bar sleeve grouting connection.Method proposed by the present invention can realize the detection to certain size defect, the requirement being able to satisfy in Practical Project, and in the detection process to prefabricated components without particular/special requirement, and will not damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing of concrete defects, in particular to a sleeve grouting defect ultrasonic testing device and method based on wavelet packet energy.
Background
The connected mode that prefabricated assembled concrete structure component extensively adopted is steel sleeve grout and connects, and the closely knit degree of grout material has great influence to steel sleeve grout connection quality in the sleeve, if the sleeve grout is not closely knit, will seriously influence the connection quality between the atress reinforcing bar, leads to the whole design target that can ' equate cast-in-place ' that can't reach of assembled structure, has great potential safety hazard. The device and the method for detecting the grouting defects of the sleeve can find and treat the grouting defects in the sleeve in time, effectively avoid safety accidents and have important practical significance.
In the defect detection method, damage detection can damage a detection object, and the method cannot be used for detecting the grouting defect of the sleeve of the precast concrete member; nondestructive testing such as an impact echo method, a ground penetrating radar method, an infrared thermography method and the like has the defects of low precision, limited applicability, harsh application conditions and the like, and is not suitable for detecting the grouting defect of the sleeve. Compared with the prior art, the ultrasonic method has the advantages of good directivity, strong penetrating power, rich carried information and the like, and is more suitable for use.
Although the ultrasonic method has been studied in the field of nondestructive testing, the ultrasonic method is rarely involved in the detection of grouting defects of the sleeve of the precast concrete member. Precast concrete member reinforcing bar sleeve grout is connected and is become by outside reinforced concrete, sleeve and connecting reinforcement, and the structure is more complicated, and the hidden degree of grout defect aggravates, is difficult to carry out effective recognition to the grout defect from traditional single ultrasonic acoustic parameter.
The prior art discloses a grouting fullness detection method based on sleeve surface ultrasound, which comprises the steps of adopting an ultrasonic transducer with integrated transceiving function to detect, judging the grouting condition inside a sleeve according to the strength of a head wave signal received by the ultrasonic transducer, and removing a concrete protective layer outside the sleeve to form an inspection opening, so that the integrity of a precast concrete member is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for ultrasonic detection of sleeve grouting defects based on wavelet packet energy, which can realize nondestructive detection of the sleeve grouting defects.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for ultrasonic detection of grouting defects of a sleeve based on wavelet packet energy, comprising:
the ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator, the power amplifier, the ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer, the ultrasonic wave receiving transducer, the oscilloscope and the calculation processing device;
the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are respectively clung to the surface of the precast concrete component to be detected,
the ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator transmits a signal to the power amplifier, then the signal is amplified and transmitted to the ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer, and the ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer transmits an ultrasonic wave detection signal to the precast concrete member to be detected;
the ultrasonic receiving transducer receives an ultrasonic detection signal passing through a precast concrete member to be detected and transmits the ultrasonic detection signal to the oscilloscope;
the oscilloscope is also used for receiving the transmitting signal amplified by the power amplifier; the output of the oscilloscope is connected with the computing and processing device, and the computing and processing device processes the amplified emission signal and the ultrasonic detection signal received by the oscilloscope so as to judge the grouting defect index in the precast concrete member to be detected;
wherein the precast concrete member to be detected includes: and (5) grouting and connecting the steel bar sleeve.
It should be noted that the member in the embodiment of the present invention includes the sleeve, but the arrangement form of the sleeve is various.
The precast concrete member herein means a precast concrete member connected by a steel sleeve grouting connection method.
Optionally, coupling agents are arranged between the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer and the surface of the precast concrete member to be detected.
Optionally, the coupling agent comprises: water-based polymer compound gel.
Optionally, the ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator transmits a hanning window modulated five-cycle sinusoidal ultrasonic wave with a center frequency of 50 kHz;
the center frequencies of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are both 50 kHz;
the voltage excitation amplitude of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is more than or equal to 10V.
Optionally, a connecting line between the ultrasonic arbitrary function generator and the power amplifier is a shielded BNC line;
the connecting line between the power amplifier and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is a BNC line with shielding;
the connecting line between the power amplifier and the oscilloscope is a BNC line with a shield;
the connecting line between the ultrasonic receiving transducer and the oscilloscope is a BNC line with shielding;
the connecting line between the oscilloscope and the computing and processing device is a BNC line with a shield.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for ultrasonic detection of grouting defects of a sleeve based on wavelet packet energy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving an ultrasonic detection signal by a computing and processing device, wherein the ultrasonic detection signal is obtained by detecting a precast concrete member to be detected by using any one of the wavelet packet energy-based sleeve grouting defect ultrasonic detection devices in the first aspect;
s2, carrying out wavelet packet transformation on the ultrasonic detection signal to obtain a wavelet packet energy proportion vector;
s3, calculating a sleeve grouting defect index of the current test position of the precast concrete member to be detected according to a pre-acquired identification baseline for calibrating grouting defects and the wavelet packet energy proportion vector in the step S2, and judging the compactness based on the calculated sleeve grouting defect index;
wherein the pre-acquired identification baseline for calibrating grouting defects is: according to the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part as a reference, calibrating a grouting defect identification baseline;
the precast concrete member to be detected comprises steel bar sleeves in any arrangement form, and the steel bar sleeves are connected in a grouting mode.
Optionally, the step S3 includes:
acquiring a sleeve grouting defect index DI according to a pre-acquired calibration grouting defect identification baseline and the wavelet packet energy proportion vector in the step S2;
judging the grouting condition of the grouting connection of the steel bar sleeve according to the DI;
wherein,
ERh=[eh,1,eh,2,eh,3,…,eh,n]the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part is obtained according to the steps S1 and S2;
ERi=[ei,1,ei,2,ei,3,…,ei,n]the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the current test part in the precast concrete member to be detected, which is obtained in the step S2;
i and h represent different working conditions;
wherein e ish,uIs an element in the wavelet packet energy proportional vector of the grouting compact part and represents the grouting compact partUltrasonically detecting the ratio of the wavelet packet energies of different frequency bands of the signal; e.g. of the typei,uThe ratio of the wavelet packet energy of the ultrasonic detection signal of the current test part in the precast concrete member to be detected to the wavelet packet energy of different frequency bands is the element in the wavelet packet energy ratio vector of the current test part in the precast concrete member to be detected. The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method can realize nondestructive detection of grouting defects of a certain size in the sleeve, can meet the requirements of actual engineering detection, and provides a practical basis for safety evaluation of the assembled structure.
2) The detection device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, low environmental requirement and easy realization.
3) The method has no special requirements on the structure of the precast concrete member in the detection, cannot damage the integrity of the member in the detection process, and can be used for grouting defect detection of the precast concrete member adopting the steel bar sleeve grouting connection as a connection mode in any form.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transducer arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a real object of an ultrasonic arbitrary function generator selected by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifier used in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of an ultrasonic transducer selected for use in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a pictorial view of an oscilloscope selected for use in the method of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an apparatus for ultrasonic testing of grouting connection defects of a steel bar sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a test piece used in the testing process of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a wavelet packet energy ratio vector diagram of the test point 1 on each test piece during the test;
FIG. 9 shows grouting defect indexes of each grouting compact test piece;
FIG. 10 shows grouting defect indexes of different grouting defect sizes of SJ1 test pieces;
FIG. 11 shows grouting defect indexes of different grouting defect sizes of SJ2 test pieces;
FIG. 12 shows grouting defect indexes of different grouting defect sizes of SJ3 test pieces;
FIG. 13 shows grouting defect indexes of different grouting defect sizes of SJ4 test pieces;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic testing method for a grouting connection defect of a steel sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment of the invention, a concrete member with compact grouting is manufactured, then the device of the invention is adopted to carry out ultrasonic detection on the concrete member with compact grouting, for example, a base line is obtained by detecting a known compact grouting part h, then unknown parts are detected, and whether grouting defects exist in the unknown parts i is judged.
Specifically, the method of the present invention may comprise the steps of:
the first step is to detect a precast concrete member by using the ultrasonic longitudinal wave and receive a transmission detection signal;
secondly, performing wavelet packet transformation on the ultrasonic detection signal to further obtain a wavelet packet energy proportion vector;
and thirdly, calibrating a grouting defect identification baseline by taking the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part as a reference, calculating a sleeve grouting defect index of the unknown part and judging.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a wavelet packet energy proportion vector through ultrasonic detection signals on a precast concrete member, obtaining a sleeve grouting defect index DI according to the vector, and judging the grouting condition of the steel bar sleeve grouting connection according to the value of the grouting defect index DI.
Wherein,the sleeve grouting defect index DI is an ultrasonic detection signal obtained after extracting the precast concrete member, wavelet packet conversion is carried out on the detection signal to obtain a wavelet packet energy vector, and the wavelet packet energy vector of the precast concrete member with dense grouting is used as a reference and is substituted into a DI calculation formula to obtain the index DI, so that whether the precast concrete member with unknown grouting condition has grouting defects or not is judged.
The wavelet packet energy vector is obtained by the following method: after the ultrasonic probe receives signals, wavelet packet energy is obtained through wavelet packet conversion, then wavelet packet energy of each frequency band in the frequency range of the excitation signals is selected to form corresponding proportional vectors, and the wavelet packet energy proportional vector of the sleeve grouting compact part is ERh=[eh,1,eh,2,eh,3,…,eh,n]The wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the unknown grouting quality part is ERi=[ei,1,ei,2,ei,3,…,ei,n]。
The method can realize nondestructive detection of grouting defects with certain size in the sleeve, can meet the requirements of actual engineering detection, and provides a practical basis for safety evaluation of the assembled structure;
in addition, the method has no special requirements on the structure of the precast concrete member in the detection, cannot damage the integrity of the member in the detection process, and can be used for grouting defect detection of the precast concrete member in any form by adopting the steel bar sleeve grouting connection as a connection mode.
Example 1 explanation of the principle and apparatus related to the testing method of the present invention
In the embodiment, the principle of the ultrasonic detection method for the grouting connection defect of the steel bar sleeve based on the wavelet packet energy is as follows.
Wavelet packet analysis decomposes the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part of the signal simultaneously according to the characteristics of the ultrasonic detection signal, adaptively selects the corresponding frequency band to be matched with the signal frequency spectrum, and improves the time-frequency resolution.
The wavelet packet analysis solves the problem that the resolution of frequency is too low when the resolution of the wavelet analysis in time is higher, and has wider application value.
Compared with the ultrasonic transmission detection signal of the sleeve grouting compact part, the ultrasonic transmission detection signal of the sleeve grouting defect part can obviously change the received energy on the same frequency section, and the condition of the grouting defect can be reflected by analyzing the change of the energy.
The sleeve grouting defect index DI is an energy proportion vector in a specified frequency range obtained by calculating after the ultrasonic transmission detection signal is decomposed by a wavelet packet, and the energy proportion in the same frequency segment of the detection signal at different parts is subjected to arithmetic square root calculation by using a root mean square deviation algorithm.
And comparing the energy proportion vector of the signal of the unknown condition part with the grouting compact part by taking the energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part as a reference to obtain a grouting defect index. The index represents the difference degree between the energy of the specified frequency band after the ultrasonic detection signals of the grouting compact part and the grouting defect part are decomposed by a wavelet packet.
The grout defect index is defined as follows:
assuming that the ultrasonic transmission detection signal S is decomposed by N layers of wavelet packets, the last layer can obtain 2NSub-signals on each frequency band forming a set of signals { X1,X2,X3,…,X2 NTherein of
Xj=[xj,1,xj,2,xj,3,…,xj,m](1)
Where m is the number of samples, j is the number of frequency bands, j is 1,2,3, …,2N
Energy E of decomposed signali,jIs composed of
Wherein i is the working condition serial number.
The wavelet packet energy formed after the original detection signal S under the working condition i is decomposed by N layers of wavelet packets can be represented as
Assuming that the wavelet packet energy of each frequency band in the frequency range of the excitation signal in the wavelet packet energy formed after the decomposition of the original detection signal under the working condition of i is Ei,k,Ei,k+1,Ei,k+2,…,Ei,k+lDefining the wavelet packet energy proportion vector in the frequency range of the excitation signal as ERi=[ei,1,ei,2,ei,3,…,ei,n](4)
In the formula
EPiThe sum of the wavelet packet energy of each frequency band in the frequency range of the excitation signal in the wavelet packet energy obtained by decomposing the detection signal
EPi=Ei,k+Ei,k+1+Ei,k+2+…+Ei,k+l(5)
Supposing that the wavelet packet energy proportion vector obtained by ultrasonic transmission detection signals of the sleeve grouting compact part is ERh=[eh,1,eh,2,eh,3,…,eh,n]The wavelet packet energy proportion vector obtained by ultrasonic transmission detection signals of the sleeve grouting part is ERi=[ei,1,ei,2,ei,3,…,ei,n]Defining a sleeve grouting defect ultrasonic detection index DI based on wavelet packet energy as
The grouting defect index DI is used for screening frequency bands obtained by decomposing the wavelet packet on the calculation, selecting the frequency band with concentrated excitation signal energy, better eliminating the interference of the wavelet, and highlighting the difference between a grouting defect detection signal and a grouting compaction detection signal. And judging the existence condition of the sleeve grouting defect according to the grouting defect index DI.
The method comprises three steps, wherein the first step is to detect the precast concrete member by using the ultrasonic longitudinal wave and receive a transmission detection signal; secondly, performing wavelet packet transformation on the ultrasonic detection signal to further obtain a wavelet packet energy proportion vector; and thirdly, calibrating a grouting defect identification baseline by taking the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part as a reference, calculating a sleeve grouting defect index of an unknown part and judging the sleeve grouting defect index, as shown in figure 14.
The selected part of the components of the invention can be products composed of the following components, but not limited to other devices which can realize the same function:
the hardware platform in this embodiment is configured as shown in fig. 6, and the software platform is implemented in the PC shown in fig. 6, that is, the hardware platform is configured to process the acquired ultrasonic detection signal and solve grouting defect indicators corresponding to different detection portions.
The hardware platform comprises an ultrasonic arbitrary function generator, a power amplifier, an ultrasonic transducer, an oscilloscope and the like. The ultrasonic transducer comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer, and is used for converting an electric signal and an ultrasonic signal; the ultrasonic transducer is tightly attached to the surface of the precast concrete member, and as shown in figure 1, the grouting defect detection purpose is achieved by arranging the transducers on different parts.
The ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator is used for emitting ultrasonic waves with specified waveforms, the ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator selected by the invention is an Agilent33511B arbitrary function generator, the physical diagram is shown in figure 2, the excited ultrasonic waves are 50kHz five-period sine waves modulated by a Hanning window, and the physical diagram is shown in figure 2. The power amplifier is used for amplifying the signal transmitted by the arbitrary function generator and reducing the environmental interference. The power amplifier adopted by the invention is an Antata-1200 power amplifier, and the physical diagram is shown in figure 3. The ultrasonic transducer is an ultrasonic 50kHz transducer with a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer which are in a pair, the center frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is 50kHz, the transmitting transducer converts an electric signal transmitted by the power amplifier into an ultrasonic signal, the receiving transducer converts the ultrasonic signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the oscilloscope, and the physical diagram is shown in fig. 4. The oscilloscope is Tektronix MDO3024, which is used for collecting electric signals and displaying the signals, and the physical diagram is shown in FIG. 5; the connection of each instrument adopts BNC wires with shields.
As shown in fig. 6, an ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator as a signal generator outputs an initial signal. The power amplifier receives the initial signal, amplifies the initial signal, and then outputs two identical signals, wherein one signal is directly input into a channel 2 of the oscilloscope for displaying, and the other signal is input into the ultrasonic transmitting transducer. The ultrasonic waves are transmitted in the precast concrete member and then received by the receiving transducer, and the received detection signals are input into the oscilloscope channel 1. The oscilloscope displays the signals of two channels, and the signals of the two channels are collected simultaneously. Further extracting ultrasonic detection signals input by each channel, and performing processing analysis by using a software platform in a computer to obtain grouting defect indexes of different detection parts.
Embodiment 2 the device and the method for ultrasonically detecting the grouting defect of the sleeve based on the wavelet packet energy are used for testing the grouting connection defect of the steel bar sleeve
In order to verify the effectiveness of the method for detecting the grouting connection defect of the steel bar sleeve, the following test for detecting the grouting defect of the steel bar sleeve test piece sleeve is performed.
This test designed 20 total of 3 types of test specimens of 4 groups: plain concrete + sleeve in the middle (SJ1 and SJ2), both sides are indulged muscle + sleeve in the middle (SJ3) and one side is indulged muscle + offset sleeve (SJ4) to according to the condition that reinforcing bar sleeve grout connection defect probably exists in the actual engineering, simplify the sleeve grout defect, set up to the circumference defect along the connecting reinforcement. The dimensions and defect set for the test pieces are shown in Table 1, and a detailed cross-sectional view of the test piece is shown in FIG. 7.
TABLE 1
The apparatus used in this test was tested according to the apparatus described in example 1 and according to the test procedures described in example 1.
Before the test starts, the test surface needs to be properly processed, the arrangement of the measuring lines is carried out by combining the internal defect arrangement of the component, and the like, so that the collected data are more accurate and reasonable. After the test surface treatment, the wire layout is performed. And 5 measuring points are arranged on each measuring line of the SJ1 test pieces, namely 5 pairs of measuring points are arranged on each test piece. SJ2, SJ3 and SJ4 groups of test pieces are arranged with 6 measuring points on each measuring line
Firstly, detecting a prepared test piece by utilizing the ultrasonic longitudinal wave and receiving a transmission detection signal. And the hardware platform is utilized to complete the detection of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave and the acquisition process of the ultrasonic detection signal.
And secondly, performing wavelet packet transformation on the acquired ultrasonic detection signals on all the measuring points to further obtain wavelet packet energy proportion vectors. In the test, 115 test points on 4 groups of 20 test pieces of the 3 types of test pieces are tested, and a wavelet packet energy proportion vector of one test point on each test piece is selected as a display, as shown in fig. 8.
And thirdly, calibrating a grouting defect identification baseline by taking the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part as a reference, calculating a sleeve grouting defect index of the grouting defect and identifying.
The grouting defect identification baseline calibrated in the test is shown in fig. 9, and the baseline value is 0.14, that is, when the DI values of all the test points on the test piece corresponding to a certain size of defect are greater than 0.14, the grouting defect of the size can be effectively judged through the DI values.
The grouting defect index of each set of sleeves is shown in fig. 10, 11, 12 and 13. For the SJ1 test pieces, when the defect sizes are 37mm (SJ14) and 42.5mm (SJ15), the DI values of all the measured points are actually measured to be more than 0.14, namely, the grouting defects of 37mm and 42.5mm can be effectively identified through the DI values. For the SJ2 test pieces, when the defect sizes are 40mm (SJ24) and 46.5mm (SJ25), the DI values of all the measured points are actually measured to be more than 0.14, and grouting defects of 40mm and 46.5mm can be effectively identified through the DI values. For the test piece of SJ3 type, when the defect size is 46.5mm (SJ35), the DI value of all the measured points is actually measured to be more than 0.14, and the grouting defect of 46.5mm can be effectively identified through the DI value. For the test pieces of SJ4 type, when the defect sizes are 40mm (SJ44) and 46.5mm (SJ45), the DI values of all the measured points are actually measured to be more than 0.14, namely, grouting defects of 40mm and 46.5mm can be effectively identified through the DI values.
According to the results, the grouting defect detection method can effectively identify the grouting defect with a certain size, namely the grouting defect with a certain size can be detected. The test verifies the effectiveness of ultrasonic detection of the grouting connection defect of the steel bar sleeve based on the wavelet packet energy; the detection device has simple structure, low cost, low environmental requirement and easy realization; the method and the device have no special requirements on the construction of the precast concrete member, and the integrity of the member cannot be damaged in the detection process.
It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this patent describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present invention is not limited to the order of the above-described steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, may be performed in an order different from the order in the embodiments, or may be performed simultaneously.
The above embodiments may be referred to each other, and the present embodiment does not limit the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a sleeve grout defect ultrasonic testing's device based on wavelet package energy which characterized in that includes:
the ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator, the power amplifier, the ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer, the ultrasonic wave receiving transducer, the oscilloscope and the calculation processing device;
the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are respectively clung to the surface of the precast concrete component to be detected,
the ultrasonic wave arbitrary function generator transmits a signal to the power amplifier, then the signal is amplified and transmitted to the ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer, and the ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer transmits an ultrasonic wave detection signal to the precast concrete member to be detected;
the ultrasonic receiving transducer receives an ultrasonic detection signal passing through a precast concrete member to be detected and transmits the ultrasonic detection signal to the oscilloscope;
the oscilloscope is also used for receiving the transmitting signal amplified by the power amplifier; the output of the oscilloscope is connected with the computing and processing device, and the computing and processing device processes the amplified emission signal and the ultrasonic detection signal received by the oscilloscope so as to judge the grouting defect index in the precast concrete member to be detected;
the precast concrete component to be detected comprises steel bar sleeves in any arrangement form, and the steel bar sleeves are connected in a grouting mode.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein coupling agents are provided between the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer and the surface of the precast concrete member to be detected.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the coupling agent comprises: water-based polymer compound gel.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic arbitrary function generator emits a hanning window modulated five cycle sinusoidal ultrasonic wave having a center frequency of 50 kHz;
the center frequencies of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are both 50 kHz;
the voltage excitation amplitude of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is more than or equal to 10V.
5. The apparatus of claim 1,
the connecting line between the ultrasonic arbitrary function generator and the power amplifier is a BNC line with shielding;
the connecting line between the power amplifier and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is a BNC line with shielding;
the connecting line between the power amplifier and the oscilloscope is a BNC line with a shield;
the connecting line between the ultrasonic receiving transducer and the oscilloscope is a BNC line with shielding;
the connecting line between the oscilloscope and the computing and processing device is a BNC line with a shield.
6. A sleeve grouting defect ultrasonic detection method based on wavelet packet energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, receiving an ultrasonic detection signal by a computing and processing device, wherein the ultrasonic detection signal is obtained after the prefabricated concrete member to be detected is detected by adopting the device for ultrasonically detecting the grouting defect of the sleeve based on the wavelet packet energy according to any one of the claims 1 to 5;
s2, carrying out wavelet packet transformation on the ultrasonic detection signal to obtain a wavelet packet energy proportion vector;
s3, calculating a sleeve grouting defect index of the current test position of the precast concrete member to be detected according to a pre-acquired identification baseline for calibrating grouting defects and the wavelet packet energy proportion vector in the step S2, and judging the compactness based on the calculated sleeve grouting defect index;
wherein the pre-acquired identification baseline for calibrating grouting defects is: according to the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part as a reference, calibrating a grouting defect identification baseline;
the precast concrete member to be detected comprises steel bar sleeves in any arrangement form, and the steel bar sleeves are connected in a grouting mode.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step S3 includes:
acquiring a sleeve grouting defect index DI according to a pre-acquired calibration grouting defect identification baseline and the wavelet packet energy proportion vector in the step S2;
judging the grouting condition of the grouting connection of the steel bar sleeve according to the DI;
wherein,
ERh=[eh,1,eh,2,eh,3,…,eh,n]the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part is obtained according to the steps S1 and S2;
ERi=[ei,1,ei,2,ei,3,…,ei,n]the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the current test part in the precast concrete member to be detected, which is obtained in the step S2;
i and h represent different working conditions;
wherein e ish,uElements in the wavelet packet energy proportion vector of the grouting compact part represent the ratio of the wavelet packet energy of different frequency bands of an ultrasonic detection signal of the grouting compact part; e.g. of the typei,uThe ratio of the wavelet packet energy of the ultrasonic detection signal of the current test part in the precast concrete member to be detected to the wavelet packet energy of different frequency bands is the element in the wavelet packet energy ratio vector of the current test part in the precast concrete member to be detected.
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