CN109596537A - 一种涂装检验流程 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种涂装检验流程结构简单，本发明通过设置不同的单元，规范了涂装检验流程和要求，满足了企业的高质量发展需求，对于提升涂装检验的合格率有很大的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂装检验领域，具体为一种涂装检验流程。
背景技术
在整个涂装过程中，质量控制和检查工作贯穿于整个阶段，但是目前工厂涂装检验没有规范性的措施，确保工厂涂装的达到标准。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题在于提供一种涂装检验流程，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
本发明所解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：一种涂装检验流程，包括：色差测量单元、附着力测试单元、模厚测量单元、硬度测试单元、耐冲击测试单元、耐酒精测试单元、盐雾测试单元、对色箱测试单元；所述色差测量单元通过色差仪进行色差检测；通过色差检测进入附着力测试单元，通过百割刀、3M胶带进行测试；所述膜厚测量单元通过测厚仪进行侧厚；所述硬度测试通过定都测试仪和铅笔进行测试；通过硬度测试后进行耐冲击测试，所述耐冲击测试通过冲击强度测定仪进行测定；所述耐酒精测试通过耐磨擦拭验机进行测试；所述经过耐久测试通过后进行盐雾测试，所述延误测试通过盐雾试验机测试；最终通过对色箱对颜色进行判定。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过设置不同的单元，规范了涂装检验流程和要求，满足了企业的高质量发展需求，对于提升涂装检验的合格率有很大的效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
色差测量单元1、附着力测试单元2、模厚测量单元3、硬度测试单元4、耐冲击测试单元5、耐酒精测试单元6、盐雾测试单元7、对色箱测试单元8。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的实现技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明。
一种涂装检验流程，包括：色差测量单元、附着力测试单元、模厚测量单元、硬度测试单元、耐冲击测试单元、耐酒精测试单元、盐雾测试单元、对色箱测试单元；所述色差测量单元通过色差仪进行色差检测；通过色差检测进入附着力测试单元，通过百割刀、3M胶带进行测试；所述膜厚测量单元通过测厚仪进行侧厚；所述硬度测试通过定都测试仪和铅笔进行测试；通过硬度测试后进行耐冲击测试，所述耐冲击测试通过冲击强度测定仪进行测定；所述耐酒精测试通过耐磨擦拭验机进行测试；所述经过耐久测试通过后进行盐雾测试，所述延误测试通过盐雾试验机测试；最终通过对色箱对颜色进行判定。
另一方面，本发明提供更详细的测量要求：
色差测量
仪器：色差仪，广泛用于塑胶及印刷等行业，主要根据CIE色空间的Lab,Lch原理，测量显示出样品与被测样品的色差△E以及△Lab值。
照明：自然光线下，或300~400LX光线下，眼睛以45度角度观察涂膜表面。
测量方法：目视被测工件涂层表面，颜色与标准样板比较，基本无差异则判为合格，具有明显色差，则判为不合格，当颜色存在差异，却难以判定合格与否时，用色差仪进行测定，根据比值进行判定。
色差指标：以下数据位一般涂装业内所采用之标准，实际数据需请客户提供或与客户讨论。
Delta E(△E) ≤0.8或1.0为合格 △E=√（△a²+△b²+△L²）
△a=a1-a2 △b=b1-b2 △L=L1-L2
(SONY标准：△E≤1.2 △L=±1.0 △a、△b=±0.3)
附着力测试
仪器：百割刀、3M胶带【粘附力在2.9N/10MM（300GF/10MM）以上的胶带】。
方法：用百割刀在测试样本表面划10*10个（共：100个）1mm*1mm小网格，每一条划线应深及涂层的底层；用毛刷将测试区域的碎片刷干净；用3M 600号胶纸或等同效力的胶纸牢牢黏住被测试小网格，并用橡皮擦用力擦拭胶带，以加大胶带与被测区的接触面积及力度；用手抓住胶带一端，在垂直方向（90°）迅速扯下胶纸，同一位置进行2次相同试验。
判定标准：一般要求附着力≥1级或≥2级时为合格，而防腐涂料要求通常需≥1级，才算合格。实际数据需请客户提供或与客户讨论。
0级-划线边缘光滑，在划线的边缘及交叉点处均无涂层脱落；
1级-在划线的交叉点处有小片的涂层脱落，且脱落总面积小于5%
2级-在划线的边缘及交叉点处有小片的涂层脱落，且脱落总面积在5%~15%之间
3级-在划线的边缘及交叉点处有成片的涂层脱落，且脱落总面积在15%~35%之间
4级-在划线的边缘及交叉点处有成片的涂层脱落，且脱落总面积在35%~65%之间
5级-在划线的边缘及交叉点处有成片的涂层脱落，且脱落总面积大于65%
膜厚测量
仪器：测厚仪
种类：1）磁性测厚方法：可无损的测量磁性金属基体（如钢、铁、合金和硬磁性钢等）上非磁性覆盖层的厚度（如铝、铬、铜、橡胶、油漆等）。
2）涡流测厚方法：可无损的测量非磁性金属基体（如铜、铝、锌、锡等）上非导电覆盖层的厚度（如橡胶、油漆、塑料等）。
3.方法：在工件的主要表面上，距边缘至少25mm以上取5个不同的点，测量其厚度，然后取平均值作为该涂层的厚度值。
4.判定标准：
一般：A级面之任一点膜厚小于40µm或稍微露青（底），均为不合格。平均值以60-100µm为合格，同一批产品膜厚以±10µm为标准。以上数据为一般涂装业内所采用值标准。
OWA：涂层最低不可少于60µm，最高不超过79.5µm。根据EN最厚80µm，如果超过80µm就必须要做另一套完成的测试程序。
硬度测试
仪器：硬度测试仪、铅笔。
方法：用不同硬度的铅笔，与漆膜表面成一定角度（45度），用一定的力（1KG）在漆膜表面上划过，然后用粘有酒精的棉纱布擦拭划痕处。
判定标准：先以软（B）→硬（H），逐一做测试，当划痕不可被酒精擦去时，则涂膜的硬度即以铅笔之最硬型号标识。一般判定之数据以≥2H，允许有轻微痕迹为合格。实际数据需客户提供或相互讨论。
耐冲击测试
仪器：冲击强度测定仪。
方法：将预先准备好的被测工件涂膜朝上放好。然后按产品标准的耐冲击指标测定，如果产品标准规定的耐冲击指标是1KG.50CM，即以1KG重锤提起至50cm高，按重锤自由落在涂膜上。注：样板冲压部位距边缘不得少于15mm，每个冲击点的边缘间以15~18mm为宜，观察冲击后涂膜的状态。
判定标准：一般测试标准，以施加550g砝码力、位移50cm对试验片进行冲击。以涂层无剥落、龟裂等现象为合格。实际标准需请客户提供或沟通讨论。通常粉末供应商提供粉末时，均会提供已测试之样板，我方仅需提供标准。
耐酒精测试
仪器：耐磨擦拭验机、95~99.5%酒精、棉布（厚1.5mm，30cm*30cm，含棉约60%以上）。
方法：将粘有浓度酒精的棉球施加1000g砝力，依指定次数来回擦拭，往返1次/2秒。
判定标准：被测工件涂装面无退色、起泡、掉漆等不良现象。一般测试，以施加1000g砝码力，擦拭30次为标准（华硕电脑标准）。砝码重量与擦拭次数，需请客户提供或沟通。
盐雾测试
仪器：盐雾试验机、5%的氯化钠盐水溶液
方法：1）溶液PH值调在中性6~7作为喷雾用的溶液。
2）试验相对湿度≥95%，温度均取35℃±1℃。
3）盐雾升降率在1~2ml/80cm².h之间，需24小时连续喷雾。
4）试样应被支撑或悬挂起来，偏离纵向的角度再15度~30度之间，最好使被测试的大部分表面与通过盐雾室的盐雾主流向平行。
3.判定标准:涂层无腐蚀、氧化或脱落等现象为合格，测试时间需请客户提供或与之讨论。
4.备注：如在天然暴露环境下对某产品样品进行试验，待其腐蚀可能要1年，而在人工类比盐雾环境条件下试验，只要24小时，即可得到相似的结果。此测试方法一般用于户外或特殊环境之产品，除特殊要求外，一般室内用产品无需做此测试。
对色箱
在日常生活中，我们可以感受到，当在不同光源或环境下观看同一样物件时，呈现在我们眼中的物件颜色或多或少会有偏差，这是因为不同光源拥有不同辐射能量，在照射到物体上时，会呈现不同之颜色。
当这个经验引申到涂装上的颜色管理时，类似的情况也会发生。例如：当品检员虽然细心对比货品之间的颜色，但货品送到客户时也会收到客户对货品颜色差异的投诉，严重者可能导致退货或遭到客户索赔，对公司的商誉自然受到损坏。
要解决这些问题，最简单的方法就是检定颜色时，必须在相同的光源及可控制的条件下进行，例如常用之人工日光灯CIED65（即6500K色温），否则一切评定是没有意义及不可信赖。要达到这类标准，最直接及有效的方法，莫过于使用现时最常用之对色灯箱。
检验方法：
将所有可能照射在检验品上的外来光线必须尽量避免，如窗户在视野范围内，应装上灰色窗帘遮蔽，所以如果能在黑房内使用对色灯箱是最为理想的。
测试时灯箱内绝不可放置其他杂物。
打开欲测试的的光源灯管，将样板与被测物一同放入对色箱中。
检验标准：
测试员需对颜色有相当灵敏度。
测试员以眼睛直接观察被测工件与样板颜色有无差异。
目测颜色无差异，为合格。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过设置不同的单元，规范了涂装检验流程和要求，满足了企业的高质量发展需求，对于提升涂装检验的合格率有很大的效果。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点，本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明的要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (1)
1.一种涂装检验流程，其特征在于：包括：色差测量单元、附着力测试单元、模厚测量单元、硬度测试单元、耐冲击测试单元、耐酒精测试单元、盐雾测试单元、对色箱测试单元；所述色差测量单元通过色差仪进行色差检测；通过色差检测进入附着力测试单元，通过百割刀、3M胶带进行测试；所述膜厚测量单元通过测厚仪进行侧厚；所述硬度测试通过定都测试仪和铅笔进行测试；通过硬度测试后进行耐冲击测试，所述耐冲击测试通过冲击强度测定仪进行测定；所述耐酒精测试通过耐磨擦拭验机进行测试；所述经过耐久测试通过后进行盐雾测试，所述延误测试通过盐雾试验机测试；最终通过对色箱对颜色进行判定。
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