CN109596399B - Demoulding method of triaxial soil sample - Google Patents
Demoulding method of triaxial soil sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596399B CN109596399B CN201811484405.1A CN201811484405A CN109596399B CN 109596399 B CN109596399 B CN 109596399B CN 201811484405 A CN201811484405 A CN 201811484405A CN 109596399 B CN109596399 B CN 109596399B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a demoulding method of a triaxial sample of a soil body, which uses a multifunctional demoulding device and comprises the following steps: a. the preparation of the rock soil solid cylindrical sample is completed in the die (6); b. adjusting the height of the lifting screw (51) according to the height of the sample, and screwing a constraint nut (53); c. the height of the top steel plate (15) and the height of the middle steel plate (14) are adjusted, and the first upper positioning nut (13), the first lower positioning nut (12), the second upper positioning nut (16) and the second lower positioning nut (17) are screwed down, so that the steel frame keeps stable in structure. The demolding method of the soil triaxial sample can not only complete the demolding of the sample mold, but also complete the embedding of the film bearing cylinder, and simultaneously has high precision and does not generate disturbance to the sample; the test method is convenient to operate, and the demolding speed can be adjusted according to needs in the demolding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering test, in particular to a demolding method for a triaxial sample of a soil body.
Background
In geotechnical engineering research, triaxial tests are used for measuring the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of strength parameters, and are also used for dissipation tests, static side pressure coefficient tests, dynamic characteristic tests, penetration tests and the like of soil body pore water pressure. The integrity of the test sample after demolding is particularly important because the integrity of the test sample directly affects the accuracy of the test result. In the triaxial test, the three-piece mold is often adopted for sample preparation, demolding is needed after sample preparation is completed, and in the demolding process, due to nonstandard operation, uneven force application, shaking in demolding and the like, the sample is easily damaged, the integrity of the sample is influenced, and finally the test result is influenced. On the other hand, due to different test requirements, the size of the triaxial sample has certain difference, the diameter and the height of the sample change, and the demoulding device also has to change, so that the triaxial demoulding device which can adapt to various sample sizes is needed. Moreover, after the triaxial sample is demoulded, a rubber film with a corresponding size needs to be sleeved sometimes, the rubber film is installed on a film bearing cylinder in a clinging manner, the film bearing cylinder with the rubber film is in the sleeving process, and due to the fact that the film bearing cylinder is not perpendicular, the hand shaking of an operator and other reasons easily cause disturbance to the sample, so that the test result is influenced, and therefore a test device capable of reliably installing the rubber film sleeve is also needed.
The invention patent with the publication number of ' 201611021812.x ' discloses a three-axis compression test soil sample stripper ', which provides a three-axis sample stripping manual stripper device, but has the following defects: (1) the applicability is poor: the device cannot be simultaneously suitable for a plurality of triaxial samples with different sizes, and the device needs to be greatly changed in the using process; (2) the demolding quality is not ideal: only one three-valve can be removed by the device each time, and in the experimental process, the sample is possibly disturbed because a certain three-valve is in close contact with the sample, so that the quality of the sample after demoulding is poor, or the shape of the sample has defects; (3) the functionality is not strong: the device can only be used for demoulding the sample, and then the sample is taken out to be installed with the film bearing cylinder.
The invention patent with the publication number of 201611243506.0 discloses a soil shifter for taking out a hollow cylindrical soil sample, which provides a mold release device for the hollow cylindrical soil sample, but has the following disadvantages: (1) the applicability is poor: the device cannot complete the demoulding of samples with different diameters and heights under the condition of minor change; (2) the functionality is not strong: the device can only be used for demoulding the sample, and then the sample is taken out to be installed with the rubber sleeve.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a demoulding method of a triaxial sample of a soil body.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
a method for demoulding a triaxial sample of soil uses a multifunctional demoulding device, the multifunctional demoulding device comprises a frame, the frame comprises a top steel plate, a middle steel plate, a bottom steel plate and a screw rod, a propelling head, a mould and a base are arranged in the frame, the screw rod is positioned on two sides of the propelling head, the mould and the base are both positioned below the propelling head, a propelling rod is fixedly arranged on the propelling head, the propelling rod penetrates through the top steel plate, the screw rod penetrates through the top steel plate and the middle steel plate, a first upper positioning nut, a first lower positioning nut, a second upper positioning nut and a second lower positioning nut are further arranged on the screw rod, the first upper positioning nut and the first lower positioning nut are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the top steel plate, the second upper positioning nut and the second lower positioning nut are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the middle steel plate, a rotating handle steel, the die is fixed on the base, a lifting screw is arranged below the base, a threaded hole is arranged on the middle steel plate, the lifting screw penetrates through the threaded hole on the middle steel plate, a first tooth mouth and a second tooth mouth are arranged on the pushing rod, a first pushing gear and a second pushing gear are further arranged on two sides of the pushing rod, the first pushing gear and the second pushing gear are respectively meshed with the first tooth mouth and the second tooth mouth, a rotating hand wheel, a rotating rod and a pushing rod support are further arranged above the top steel plate, the pushing rod support is fixed above the top steel plate, the first pushing gear and the second pushing gear are fixed at the end part of the rotating rod, the tooth pitch of the first tooth mouth is smaller than that of the second tooth mouth, a hoop is further arranged on the die, the expansion wing is positioned below a rotating handle steel frame, an external thread is further arranged on the side wall of the rotating handle steel frame, an internal thread is correspondingly arranged, the soil body three-axis sample demoulding method comprises the following steps of:
a. completing the preparation of a rock-soil solid cylindrical sample in a mould;
b. adjusting the height of the lifting screw according to the height of the sample, and screwing a constraint nut;
c. adjusting the heights of the top steel plate and the middle steel plate, and screwing the first upper positioning nut, the first lower positioning nut, the second upper positioning nut and the second lower positioning nut to ensure that the steel frame keeps stable structure;
d. rotating the rotating handle steel frame anticlockwise to enable the expansion wings to be unfolded;
e. horizontally and centrally placing a rock-soil solid cylindrical sample on a base;
f. rotating the second pushing gear to enable the pushing head to move downwards, and stopping when the height of the lower surface of the pushing support is lower than the top surface of the sample;
g. rotating the rotary handle steel frame clockwise to make the expansion wing contract and clamp the expansion wing just at the outer edge of the sample mold;
h. rotating the first pushing gear to enable the pushing head to move downwards slowly, and pushing the right-angled triangular protrusion of the mold to move downwards by the pushing support, so that demolding is started; when the die moves downwards obviously, the second propelling gear can be rotated to quickly finish the demoulding;
i. after the primary demolding is finished, the second pushing gear is rotated reversely, so that the pushing head returns;
j. a film bearing barrel is arranged below the expansion wing, and the film bearing barrel with a rubber film is clamped through the contraction of the expansion wing;
k. firstly, the second propelling gear is rotated to enable the propelling head to move downwards, when the sample is close to the sample, the first propelling gear is rotated to propel the sample until the film bearing cylinder is installed to a preset position, and the sample is embedded into the film bearing cylinder for later use.
Preferably, after step k, the rotating handle steel frame is rotated clockwise, and then the pushing rod is rotated reversely, so that the pushing head returns to the original position.
The demoulding method of the soil triaxial sample can not only finish the demoulding of a sample mould, but also finish the embedding of a film bearing cylinder, and has high precision, the mould slides downwards integrally in the demoulding process of the sample, and the side limit constraint is still kept on the sample in the sliding downwards process, so that the sample cannot be disturbed; the test method is convenient to operate, and the demolding speed can be adjusted by rotating different pushing hand wheels according to needs in the demolding process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the push rod.
Fig. 3 is a tooth profile of a first propulsion gear.
Fig. 4 is a tooth profile of the second propulsion gear.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an enlarged wing structure.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the motion of the enlarged wing.
FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing of the inventive stripping.
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the release effect of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the hoop structure.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical references in the drawings are as follows: 11-screw rod, 12-first lower positioning nut, 13-first upper positioning nut, 14-middle steel plate, 15-top steel plate, 16-second upper positioning nut, 17-second lower positioning nut, 18-bottom steel plate, 2-propulsion rod, 27-first tooth mouth, 28-second tooth mouth, 31-rotary hand wheel, 33-rotary rod, 34-second propulsion gear, 35-first propulsion gear, 36-propulsion rod bracket, 41-rotary handle steel frame, 42-propulsion head, 43-propulsion support, 44-expansion wing, 45-gear, 5-base, 51-lifting screw rod, 52-constraint expansion head, 53-constraint nut, 6-mould, 62-right triangle bulge, 7-hoop.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A multifunctional demoulding device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a top steel plate 15, a middle steel plate 14, a bottom steel plate 18 and a screw rod 11, a propelling head 42, a mould 6 and a base 5 are arranged in the frame 1, the screw rod 11 is positioned on two sides of the propelling head 42, the mould 6 and the base 5 are both positioned below the propelling head 42, a propelling rod 2 is fixedly arranged on the propelling head 42, the propelling rod 2 penetrates through the top steel plate 15, the screw rod 11 penetrates through the top steel plate 15 and the middle steel plate 14, a first upper positioning nut 13, a first lower positioning nut 12, a second upper positioning nut 16 and a second lower positioning nut 17 are further arranged on the screw rod 11, the first upper positioning nut and the first lower positioning nut 12 are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the top steel plate 15, the second upper positioning nut 16 and the second lower positioning nut 17 are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the middle steel plate 14, an expansion wing, mould 6 is fixed on base 5, and base 5 below is equipped with lifting screw 51, is equipped with the screw hole on the middle part steel sheet 14, and lifting screw 51 passes the screw hole on the middle part steel sheet 14, is equipped with first tooth mouth 27 and second tooth mouth 28 on the propulsion pole 2, and the both sides of propulsion pole 2 still are equipped with first propulsion gear 35 and second propulsion gear 34, first propulsion gear 35, second propulsion gear 34 respectively with first tooth mouth 27, the meshing of second tooth mouth 28, top steel sheet 15 top still is equipped with rotatory hand wheel 31, rotary rod 33 and propulsion pole support 36, and propulsion pole support 36 is fixed in top steel sheet 15 top, and first propulsion gear 35 and second propulsion gear 34 are fixed at the tip of rotary rod 33.
As shown in fig. 2, the pitch of the first tooth openings 27 is smaller than the pitch of the second tooth openings 28.
In this embodiment, the mold 6 is further provided with a hoop 7, and the outer side of the mold 6 is provided with a right-angled triangular protrusion 62. The mould 6 is a transparent, slotted, plastic or other hard mould, the outside of which comprises certain lines, and the right-angled triangular protrusion 62 is positioned at the uppermost side, and the right-angled side of the right-angled triangular protrusion 62 is the upper side so as to apply thrust. The mold 6 is used in combination with a hoop 7, the hoop 7 is a strip-shaped member with a parallelogram hole with a certain inclination angle, and one end of the hoop is provided with a combination device, as shown in fig. 9; a rotating knob matched with the hoop 7; the rotary knob has a certain shape, and a straight opening is arranged in the middle of the rotary knob.
In this embodiment, the expansion wing 44 is located below the rotating handle steel frame 41, the side wall of the rotating handle steel frame 41 is further provided with an external thread, and the pushing support 43 is correspondingly provided with an internal thread; the lower end of the push rod 2 is provided with a restraining bolt head 25, the push head 42 is provided with external teeth, the rotating handle steel frame 41 is provided with a connecting hole, the center of the rotating handle steel frame 41 is also provided with a gear 45, the expanding wings 44 are shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inner ends of the expanding wings 44 are correspondingly provided with teeth, and the gear 45 is meshed with the teeth at the inner ends of the expanding wings 44. The restraining enlarged head 52 has the function of preventing the lifting screw 51 from rotating excessively; the outer edge of the constraining nut 53, which is matched to the thread of the lifting screw 51, has a certain thread or shape so as to be rotatably adjusted by a wrench or by hand to achieve the height adjustment of the lifting screw 51.
A constraint nut 53 is arranged outside the lifting screw 51, and a constraint expanding head 52 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting screw 51.
The invention discloses a demoulding method of a soil triaxial sample, which uses the multifunctional demoulding device and also comprises the following steps:
a. sample preparation: preparing a solid cylindrical sample in a mould 6 by adopting a five-layer compaction method according to the designed mixing proportion, and carrying out saturation and other operations;
the dimensions of the base 5 can also be chosen after step a: selecting a proper base 5 according to the diameter of the sample, and installing the base 5 on the lifting screw 51 according to the slot position;
b. adjusting the height of the base 5: adjusting the height of the lifting screw 51 according to the height of the sample, and screwing the constraint nut 53;
c. adjusting the height of the frame: adjusting the heights of the top steel plate 15 and the middle steel plate 14, and screwing the first upper positioning nut 13, the first lower positioning nut 12, the second upper positioning nut 16 and the second lower positioning nut 17 tightly, so that the steel frame keeps stable structure;
selecting a suitable push brace 43 after step c: selecting a proper pushing support 43 according to the height of the sample and the mould, and screwing the pushing support 43 into the rotating handle steel frame 41;
d. opening of the expansion wing 44: rotating the rotating handle steel frame 41 counterclockwise to unfold the expanding wings 44;
e. installing a sample: horizontally and centrally placing a cylindrical sample on a base 5;
f. and (3) lowering the push rod 2: rotating the second pushing gear 34 to make the pushing head 42 move downwards, and stopping when the height of the lower surface of the pushing support 43 is lower than the top surface of the sample;
g. contracting and expanding wing 44: rotating the rotating handle steel frame 41 clockwise to contract the expanding wing 44, and clamping the expanding wing at the outer edge of the sample mold 6;
h. demolding: rotating the first pushing gear 35 to make the pushing head 42 move downwards slowly, and then the pushing support 43 pushes the right-angled triangular protrusion 62 of the mold 6 to move downwards, so as to start demolding; when the mold has moved significantly downward, the second pusher gear 34 can begin to rotate, quickly completing demolding;
i. and (3) homing: after the primary demolding is finished, the second pushing gear 34 is rotated reversely, so that the pushing head 42 is reset;
j. installing a film bearing cylinder: a film bearing barrel is arranged below the expansion wing 44, and the film bearing barrel with a rubber film is clamped through contraction of the expansion wing 44;
k. embedding a sample: firstly, rotating the second propelling gear 34 to enable the propelling head 42 to move downwards, and when a sample is close to the sample, rotating the first propelling gear 35 to propel the sample until the film bearing cylinder is installed to a preset position, and embedding the sample into the film bearing cylinder for later use;
l, homing: the rotary handle steel frame 41 is rotated clockwise, and then the push rod 2 is rotated reversely, so that the push head 42 returns to the original position.
Example 2
A triaxial test is carried out on certain geotechnical engineering, and the sample scheme is as follows: the diameter of a triaxial sample to be measured is 5cm, the height is 10cm, the mould is adopted for sample preparation and saturation, and the operation of demoulding and installing a film bearing cylinder is required at present.
a. Sample preparation: preparing a solid cylindrical sample in a mould 6 by adopting a five-layer compaction method according to the designed mixing proportion, and carrying out saturation and other operations;
b, after the step a, selecting a base 5 with the diameter of 5cm and the height of 2cm according to the diameter of the sample, and installing the base on a lifting screw 51 according to the groove position;
b. adjusting the height of the base 5: adjusting the height of the lifting screw 51 to 8.5cm according to the height of the sample, and screwing a constraint nut 53;
c. adjusting the height of the frame: adjusting the height of the top steel plate 15 and the middle steel plate 14 to be 50cm, and screwing the first upper positioning nut 13, the first lower positioning nut 12, the second upper positioning nut 16 and the second lower positioning nut 17 to ensure that the steel frame keeps stable structure;
selecting the push brace 43 after step c: selecting a proper pushing support 43 according to the height of the sample and the mould, wherein the height is 12cm, certain triangular grains are formed in the pushing support 43, and the pushing support 43 is rotatably inserted into the expanding wing 44;
d. opening of the expansion wing 44: rotating the rotating handle steel frame 41 clockwise to unfold the expansion wing 44;
e. installing a sample: the sample is placed horizontally and centrally on the base 55;
f. and (3) lowering the push rod 2: rotating the second pushing gear 34 to make the pushing head 42 move downwards, and stopping when the height of the lower surface of the pushing support 43 is 0.5-2 cm lower than the top surface of the sample;
g. contracting and expanding wing 44: rotating the rotating handle steel frame 41 clockwise to contract the expanding wing 44, and clamping the expanding wing at the outer edge of the sample mold 6;
h. demolding: rotating the first pushing gear 35 to make the pushing head 42 move downwards slowly, and then the pushing support 43 pushes the right-angled triangular protrusion 62 of the mold 6 to move downwards, so as to start demolding; when the mold has moved significantly downward, the second pusher gear 34 can begin to rotate, quickly completing demolding;
i. and (3) homing: after the primary demolding is finished, the second pushing gear 34 is rotated reversely, so that the pushing head 42 is reset;
j. installing a film bearing cylinder: the film bearing barrel with the rubber film is clamped through contraction of the expanding wings 44;
k. embedding a sample: firstly, rotating the second propelling gear 34 to enable the propelling head 42 to move downwards, and when a sample is close to the sample, rotating the first propelling gear 35 to propel the sample until the film bearing cylinder is installed to a preset position, and embedding the sample into the film bearing cylinder for later use;
l, homing: the rotary handle steel frame 41 is rotated clockwise, and then the push rod 2 is rotated reversely, so that the push head 42 returns to the original position.
In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The demolding method of the soil triaxial sample is characterized in that a multifunctional demolding device is used, the multifunctional demolding device comprises a frame, the frame comprises a top steel plate (15), a middle steel plate (14), a bottom steel plate (18) and a screw (11), a pushing head (42), a mold (6) and a base (5) are arranged in the frame, the screw (11) is located on two sides of the pushing head (42), the mold (6) and the base (5) are both located below the pushing head (42), a pushing rod (2) is fixedly arranged on the pushing head (42), the pushing rod (2) penetrates through the top steel plate (15), the screw (11) penetrates through the top steel plate (15) and the middle steel plate (14), a first upper positioning nut (13), a first lower positioning nut (12), a second upper positioning nut (16) and a second lower positioning nut (17) are further arranged on the screw (11), the upper and lower sides of a top steel plate (15) are respectively located by a first upper positioning nut (13) and a first lower positioning nut (12), a second upper positioning nut (16) and a second lower positioning nut (17) are respectively located by the upper and lower sides of a middle steel plate (14), a rotating handle steel frame (41) is arranged below a pushing head (42), an expanding wing (44) and a pushing support (43) are arranged below the pushing head (42), a mold (6) is fixed on a base (5), a lifting screw rod (51) is arranged below the base (5), a threaded hole is formed in the middle steel plate (14), the lifting screw rod (51) penetrates through the threaded hole in the middle steel plate (14), a first tooth opening (27) and a second tooth opening (28) are formed in a pushing rod (2), a first pushing gear (35) and a second pushing gear (34) are further arranged on the two sides of the pushing rod (2), and the first pushing gear (35) and the second pushing gear (34) are respectively connected with, The second tooth openings (28) are meshed, a rotary hand wheel (31), a rotary rod (33) and a push rod support (36) are further arranged above the top steel plate (15), the push rod support (36) is fixed above the top steel plate (15), a first push gear (35) and a second push gear (34) are fixed at the end portion of the rotary rod (33), the tooth pitch of the first tooth opening (27) is smaller than that of the second tooth opening (28), a hoop (7) is further arranged on the die (6), an expansion wing (44) is located below the rotary handle steel frame (41), external threads are further arranged on the side wall of the rotary handle steel frame (41), internal threads are correspondingly arranged on the push supports (43), a constraint bolt head (25) is arranged at the lower end of the push rod (2), external teeth are arranged on the push head (42), a connecting hole is formed in the rotary handle steel frame (41), a gear (45) is further arranged at the center of the rotary handle steel frame (41), the inner end of the expansion wing (44) is correspondingly provided with teeth, the gear (45) is meshed with the teeth at the inner end of the expansion wing (44), a restraint nut (53) is arranged outside the lifting screw (51), a restraint expansion head (52) is further arranged at the bottom of the lifting screw (51), a right-angled triangular bulge (62) is arranged outside the mold (6), and the demolding method of the soil triaxial sample comprises the following steps:
a. the preparation of the rock soil solid cylindrical sample is completed in the die (6);
b. adjusting the height of the lifting screw (51) according to the height of the sample, and screwing a constraint nut (53);
c. adjusting the heights of the top steel plate (15) and the middle steel plate (14), and screwing a first upper positioning nut (13), a first lower positioning nut (12), a second upper positioning nut (16) and a second lower positioning nut (17) to ensure that the steel frame keeps stable structure;
d. rotating the rotating handle steel frame (41) anticlockwise to enable the expanding wings (44) to be unfolded;
e. horizontally and centrally placing a rock solid cylindrical sample on a base (5);
f. rotating the second pushing gear (34) to enable the pushing head (42) to move downwards and stop when the height of the lower surface of the pushing support (43) is lower than the top surface of the sample;
g. rotating the rotating handle steel frame (41) clockwise to enable the expansion wing (44) to contract and be just clamped at the outer edge of the mold (6) of the sample;
h. rotating the first pushing gear (35) to enable the pushing head (42) to move downwards slowly, and then pushing the pushing support (43) to push the right-angled triangular protrusion (62) of the die (6) to move downwards so as to start demolding; when the mould (6) moves downwards obviously, the second propelling gear (34) can be started to rotate, and demoulding is completed quickly;
i. after the primary demolding is finished, reversely rotating the second pushing gear (34) to enable the pushing head (42) to return;
j. a film bearing barrel is arranged below the expansion wing (44), and the film bearing barrel with a rubber film is clamped through the contraction of the expansion wing (44);
k. firstly, the second pushing gear (34) is rotated to enable the pushing head (42) to move downwards, when a sample is close to the sample, the first pushing gear (35) is rotated to push the sample until the film bearing cylinder is installed to a preset position, and the sample is embedded into the film bearing cylinder for later use.
2. The method for removing the soil triaxial specimen according to claim 1, wherein after step k, the rotating handle steel frame (41) is rotated clockwise, and then the pushing rod (2) is rotated reversely, so that the pushing head (42) returns to the original position.
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| CN201811484405.1A CN109596399B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Demoulding method of triaxial soil sample |
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| CN201811484405.1A CN109596399B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Demoulding method of triaxial soil sample |
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| CN109596399B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-06-04 | 绍兴文理学院 | Demoulding method of triaxial soil sample |
| CN110426268A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-08 | 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院 | A kind of parallel electronic rotation release method for cutting ring demoulding |
| CN112432835B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2023-09-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Permeation test sample demolding device and demolding method thereof |
| CN114414320B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-11-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Static pressure rapid sample preparation device for triaxial test, sample preparation method and demolding method |
| CN115165489B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-05-14 | 天津城建大学 | Method for preparing annular reinforced pile sample |
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