CN109596340B - Additional backpressure type safety valve discharge side test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Additional backpressure type safety valve discharge side test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596340B CN109596340B CN201910045645.XA CN201910045645A CN109596340B CN 109596340 B CN109596340 B CN 109596340B CN 201910045645 A CN201910045645 A CN 201910045645A CN 109596340 B CN109596340 B CN 109596340B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
- G05D16/2013—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means
- G05D16/2026—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means with a plurality of throttling means
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Abstract
The invention relates to an additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device and a test method thereof, wherein the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device comprises a test container, a back pressure container, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a first exhaust unit, a second exhaust unit and a control device; the back pressure container is provided with a back pressure supply pipe; the test container is communicated with the back pressure container through a first pipeline, and a tested safety valve is arranged between the test container and the back pressure container; the second pipeline is communicated with the back pressure container; the first exhaust unit and the second exhaust unit are respectively communicated with the second pipeline and are respectively connected with the control device, when the tested safety valve is opened, the first exhaust unit is controlled to exhaust, the pressure in the back pressure container is larger than the opening pressure of the second exhaust unit, and the second exhaust unit is controlled to exhaust, so that the pressure of the back pressure container is regulated until the pressure in the back pressure container is kept stable. The test device for the discharge side of the additional back pressure type safety valve has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, wide application range and accurate test result.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a test device, and more particularly, to an additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device and an additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method.
Background
The safety valve is a safety accessory of special equipment, and the safety valve is subjected to a safety valve type test before being manufactured by a manufacturing plant according to the requirements of the national special equipment safety technical specification, and can be produced and used after the type test is qualified.
One of the classifications of relief valves is relief valves with and without exhaust back pressure, which are commonly used in toxic, hazardous, flammable and explosive situations. Due to differences in the working environments, the relevant requirements dictate: in a model test of a relief valve with a back pressure discharge, the relief valve discharge port to be tested is connected to a "back pressure supply vessel". The actual exhaust environment is simulated using the back pressure provided by the canister. The specific process is shown in figure 1.
The working principle is that in the safety valve type test process, a tested safety valve 30 and a connecting pipeline 13 between a test container 11 and a back pressure container 12 for providing back pressure are firstly installed. Closing the valve on the back pressure vessel to enter the experiment preparation stage.
An intake control valve 122 on the back pressure supply pipe 121 is opened to supply air to the back pressure container 12 to provide the back pressure 12 environment. And stopping air supply after the set back pressure is reached.
The test vessel 11 is slowly supplied with air, and the pressure of the test vessel 11 is gradually increased until the set pressure (opening pressure) of the safety valve 30 to be tested is reached. At this time, the safety valve under test 30 is opened, the exhaust port of the safety valve under test 30 is exhausted to the back pressure container 12 providing back pressure, and the exhaust pressure of the back pressure container 12 is increased; to maintain a relatively stable discharge back pressure of the back pressure container 12, a certain amount of air is discharged through an air discharge unit to maintain the stability of the relative back pressure, thereby completing the type test of the tested safety valve.
However, this test method has the following problems:
1. The relief valve type test with exhaust back pressure requires that the back pressure environment (back pressure value) be relatively stable. However, when the safety valve 30 to be tested is opened, a large amount of gas is discharged to the back pressure container 12, so that the pressure of the back pressure container 2 is increased; in order to maintain a relatively stable back pressure environment, it is necessary to open the control valve 141 on the pipe of the exhaust unit to discharge a certain amount of surplus gas so as to maintain a relatively stable back pressure environment; however, the amount of exhaust is more difficult to control because the opening of the control valve 141 on the exhaust unit pipeline is larger;
2. the tested safety valve has more varieties and specifications, and the specification of a discharge pipe is wider (DN 20-DN 400); however, the exhaust unit of the outlet of the back pressure vessel generally includes a pipe 14 and a control valve 141 provided on the pipe 14. In order to ensure the discharge of the system, the control valve 141 on the pipe and the pipe 14 are generally sized to be the upper limit of the discharge pipe of the safety valve 30 to be tested. Such as: when the discharge pipe of the largest tested safety valve 30 of the system is DN400, the control valve 141 and the pipe 14 on the pipe are DN400, so that when the tested safety valve is DN25, the inlet pipe is DN25, the outlet pipe holds DN400, and the air inflow of the pipe of DN25 is regulated by the valve of DN400, which is difficult to control.
3. The opening degree of the control valve is difficult to be matched with the air inlet pipeline, when the opening degree of the control valve 141 on the pipeline is large, the amount of the discharged gas is larger than the amount discharged by the tested safety valve 30, and the pressure of the back pressure container 12 is reduced; when the opening of the control valve 141 on the pipe is small, the amount of the discharged gas is smaller than the amount discharged by the tested safety valve 30, and the pressure of the back pressure container 12 rises; thus, the back pressure vessel 12 pressure fluctuates greatly during the test. Thus, since the back pressure of the back pressure vessel 12 fluctuates greatly, our model test measurements are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an improved additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device and further providing an additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing an additional backpressure safety valve discharge side test device, which comprises a test container, a backpressure container, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a first exhaust unit, a second exhaust unit and a control device;
The back pressure container is provided with a back pressure supply pipe for supplying air to the back pressure container;
The test container is communicated with the back pressure container through a first pipeline, a tested safety valve is arranged between the test container and the back pressure container, and the tested safety valve is arranged on the first pipeline;
The second pipeline is communicated with the back pressure container; the first exhaust unit and the second exhaust unit are respectively communicated with the second pipeline;
The control device is connected with the first exhaust unit and the second exhaust unit, when the tested safety valve is opened, the first exhaust unit is controlled to exhaust, the pressure in the back pressure container is larger than the opening pressure of the second exhaust unit, and the second exhaust unit is controlled to exhaust, so that the pressure of the back pressure container is regulated until the pressure in the back pressure container is kept stable.
Preferably, the first exhaust unit includes one or more first branch pipes provided on the second pipe and control valves provided on each of the first branch pipes;
The second exhaust unit comprises one or more second branch pipes arranged on the second pipeline and overflow valves correspondingly arranged on each second branch pipe;
The control device is respectively connected with the control valve and the overflow valve, when the tested safety valve is opened, one or more control valves are controlled to be opened, gas is discharged through a first branch pipe corresponding to the opened control valve, when the pressure in the back pressure container is larger than the set opening pressure of the overflow valve, one or more overflow valves are controlled to be opened, and gas is discharged through a second branch pipe corresponding to the opened overflow valve until the pressure in the back pressure container is kept stable.
Preferably, the sum of the nominal diameters of the control valve and the overflow valve is adapted to a predetermined pipe diameter of the second pipe.
Preferably, the one or more first branch pipes comprise a plurality of first branch pipes;
and/or the one or more second branch pipes comprise a plurality of second branch pipes.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of each first branch pipe is different, and the nominal diameter of the control valve on each first branch pipe is different;
And/or, the pipe diameter of each second branch pipe is different, and the nominal diameter of the overflow valve on each second branch pipe is different.
Preferably, the second exhaust unit further includes a shut-off valve provided on each of the second branch pipes; the cut-off valve and the overflow valve are sequentially arranged along the gas discharge direction.
Preferably, the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device further comprises a first air supplementing unit;
the first air supplementing unit comprises a first air supplementing tank, a third pipeline and a first check valve; the first air supplementing tank is communicated with the back pressure container through the third pipeline so as to supplement air to the back pressure container when the back pressure container is lower than a set pressure; the first check valve is disposed on the third conduit to prevent backflow of gas in the back pressure vessel.
Preferably, the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device further comprises a second air supplementing unit;
the second air supplementing unit comprises a second air supplementing tank, a fourth pipeline, a regulating valve, a fifth pipeline, a second check valve and an air inlet valve;
the second air supplementing tank is communicated with the first air supplementing tank through the fourth pipeline, and the regulating valve is arranged on the fourth pipeline and is connected with the control device;
One end of the fifth pipeline is communicated with the second air supplementing tank, the other end of the fifth pipeline is communicated with the air compressor to be accessed with air, and the second check valve and the air inlet valve are arranged on the fifth pipeline.
Preferably, the additional back pressure type relief valve discharge side test device further includes a test relief valve pressure detection device that detects a pressure of the test relief valve discharge, the test relief valve pressure detection device being connected to the control device to control the first exhaust unit to exhaust when the test relief valve pressure detection device detects that the pressure of the test relief valve discharge reaches its set pressure;
And/or the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device further comprises a first pressure detection device arranged on the back pressure supply pipe and used for detecting the pressure of the back pressure container, and a second pressure detection device arranged on the first pipeline and used for detecting the discharge pressure of the first pipeline.
The invention also constructs an additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method which is applied to the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device, and comprises the following steps:
S1, installing a tested safety valve on a first pipeline which is communicated with a back pressure container and a test container;
s2, supplying gas into the back pressure container until the gas pressure in the back pressure container reaches a set pressure;
S3, supplying the gas in the back pressure container to the test container through the first pipeline until the set pressure of the tested safety valve is reached, opening the tested safety valve, and exhausting the gas to the back pressure container through the first pipeline;
And S4, when the pressure of the back pressure container is larger than the set pressure of the second exhaust unit, controlling the second exhaust unit to exhaust so as to assist the first exhaust unit to adjust the pressure of the back pressure container until the pressure in the back pressure container is kept stable.
The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device and the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method have the following beneficial effects: the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device is characterized in that a tested safety valve is arranged on a first pipeline, when the pressure of a test container reaches the set pressure of the tested safety valve, the safety valve is opened to exhaust the back pressure container, when the gas pressure in the back pressure container is larger than the pressure in the test container, the first exhaust unit is controlled to exhaust, the pressure in the back pressure container is subjected to rough adjustment, the second exhaust unit is controlled to exhaust, the first exhaust unit is assisted, and the pressure in the back pressure container is subjected to fine adjustment, so that the pressure of the back pressure container is regulated, the pressure in the test container is basically equal to the pressure in the back pressure container, a relatively stable back pressure environment is maintained, and the safety valve type test result is prevented from being influenced. The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simplicity and convenience in operation, wide application range and accurate test result.
The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method can be applied to the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device, and has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, wide application range and accurate test result.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the method of testing the discharge side of the additional back pressure type safety valve of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the additional back pressure safety valve discharge side test apparatus of the present invention. The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device can be used for testing the type of the tested safety valve 30 to detect various performance indexes of the tested safety valve, and can be suitable for various types and specifications of the tested safety valve; the applicable discharge pipes of different specifications are widely specified. The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simplicity and convenience in operation, wide application range and accurate test result.
As shown in fig. 2, the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device includes a test vessel 11, a back pressure vessel 12, a first pipe 13, a second pipe 14, a first exhaust unit 15, a second exhaust unit 16, and a control device 17. The test vessel 11 is in communication with the back pressure vessel 12, and the back pressure vessel 12 is capable of receiving a gas to provide back pressure to create a back pressure environment. The first pipe 13 is provided between the test vessel 11 and the back pressure vessel 12 for communicating the test vessel 11 and the back pressure vessel 12; the safety valve under test 30 is installed on the first pipe 13 to communicate with the test vessel 11, and when the gas pressure in the test vessel 11 reaches the set pressure of the safety valve under test 11, the safety valve under test 11 is opened, and the gas in the test vessel 11 is discharged into the back pressure vessel 12. The second conduit 14 communicates with the back pressure vessel 12, which is operable to vent gas from the back pressure vessel 12. The first exhaust unit 15 and the second exhaust unit 16 are respectively communicated with the second pipeline 14 to exhaust the gas in the second pipeline 14, the first exhaust unit can be used for rough adjustment of the pressure in the back pressure container 12, and the second exhaust unit 16 can be used for fine adjustment of the pressure in the back pressure container 12. The control device 17 is connected to the first exhaust unit 15 and the second exhaust unit 16, respectively, to control the first exhaust unit 15 and the second exhaust unit 16 to exhaust.
Further, the test container 11 is a detection unit, and includes a first tank body, on which a first air inlet and a first air outlet are provided; the first gas inlet may be used to supply gas into the tank and the first gas outlet may be in communication with the first conduit 14, which may exhaust gas onto the first conduit 14.
The back pressure container 12 includes a second tank, a second air inlet and a second air outlet provided on the second tank; the second gas inlet is communicated with the back pressure supply pipe 121, gas can be connected into the back pressure supply pipe 121 through the back pressure supply pipe 121, and an air inlet control valve 122 is further arranged on the back pressure supply pipe 121; the gas inlet control valve 122 is opened, gas can be supplied to the back pressure vessel 12 through the back pressure supply pipe 121, and the gas inlet control valve 122 is closed, and ventilation to the back pressure vessel 12 can be stopped. The back pressure supply pipe 121 is further provided with a first pressure detecting device 123, the first pressure detecting device 123 may be used for detecting the pressure in the back pressure container 12, and the first pressure detecting device 123 may be a pressure gauge. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the first pressure detection device 123 is not limited to a pressure gauge. The second outlet communicates with the second conduit 14, which allows the gas in the back pressure vessel 12 to escape. Before the start of the test, the air intake control valve 122 was opened, and air was supplied to the back pressure vessel 12 through the back pressure supply pipe 121 until the air pressure in the back pressure vessel 12 reached the set pressure, and the air intake control valve 122 was closed to stop the air supply. In this embodiment, the back pressure vessel 12 is further provided with a drain valve, and the drain valve is required to be closed before the test starts.
In this embodiment, the back pressure container 12 is further provided with a back pressure container safety valve 124; the set pressure of the back pressure vessel safety valve 124 is smaller than the maximum pressure that the back pressure vessel 12 can withstand, and is larger than the set pressure of the first exhaust unit 15, which can release pressure when the pressure of the back pressure vessel 12 exceeds the pressure that the back pressure vessel can withstand. During the exhaust process of the first exhaust unit 15, the pressure of the back pressure container 12 may rise due to the excessively small displacement, and by setting the back pressure container safety valve 124 and setting the set pressure of the back pressure container safety valve 124, when the pressure of the back pressure container 12 is greater than the set pressure of the back pressure container safety valve 124, the back pressure container safety valve 124 is opened to perform pressure relief, thereby controlling the back pressure rise of the back pressure container 12.
The diameter of the first conduit 13 is determined by the discharge orifice of the subject safety valve, and is typically a fixed nominal diameter, such as DN25/DN40/DN50/DN80/DN100/DN124/DN150/DN200/DN250, etc. The diameter of the first conduit 13 is generally comparable to the nominal diameter of the discharge opening of the tested safety valve. The first pipe 13 is provided with a third gas inlet 131, and the third gas inlet 131 can allow the gas in the first pipe 13 to enter the back pressure container 12. The first pipe 13 is further provided with a second pressure detecting means 132, which second pressure detecting means 132 can be used for detecting the discharge pressure of the first pipe 13. In this embodiment, the second pressure detecting device 132 may be a pressure gauge.
One end of the second pipe 14 is connected to the second air outlet of the back pressure container 12, and the other end is connected to the first air discharge unit 15 and the second air discharge unit 16, respectively, which can transmit the pressure in the back pressure container 12 to the first air discharge unit 15 and the second air discharge unit 16, and is discharged from the first air discharge unit 15 and the second air discharge unit 16.
The first exhaust unit 15 is a main exhaust unit with a discharge amount larger than that of the second exhaust unit 16, and is used for rough adjustment of the pressure in the back pressure vessel 12. The first exhaust unit 15 includes one or more first branch pipes 151 and control valves 152 provided on each of the first branch pipes 151.
The one or more first branch pipes 151 are disposed on the second pipe 14, and the number of the first branch pipes 151 may be one or more. In some embodiments, the first branch 151 includes a plurality of first branches 151a,151b,151c, … … n; the diameters of the plurality of first branch pipes 151a,151b,151c, … … n may be the same or different. In the present embodiment, preferably, the first branch pipe 151 includes five first branch pipes 151a,151b,151c,151d,151e; the five first branch pipes 151a,151b,151c,151d,151e each have a different diameter. The diameter of the first branch 151 is generally dependent on the nominal diameter of the control valve 162 provided.
The number of control valves 152 is adapted to the number of first branches 151. In some embodiments, the control valve 152 includes a plurality of control valves 152a,152b,152c,152d … …; the nominal diameter of each control valve 152a,152b,152c,152d … … is different, in this embodiment the control valve 152 comprises five control valves 152a,152b,152c,152d,152e, the corresponding nominal diameters being DN25/DN40/DN50/DN80/DN100, respectively. The control valve 151 is preferably an electrically operated ball valve. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the valve in the first manifold 151 is not limited to the control valve 152, and may be an exhaust valve, a regulator valve, or other valve that opens rapidly and has a low resistance to flow.
The second exhaust unit 16, which has a smaller discharge amount than the first exhaust unit 15, may be used for fine adjustment, and may be used to assist the first exhaust unit 15 in adjusting the pressure of the back pressure vessel 12, includes one or more second branch pipes 161, one or more relief valves 162, and one or more shut-off valves 163.
The one or more second branch pipes 161 are provided on the second pipe 14, and the number of the first branch pipes 151 may be one or more. In some embodiments, the second leg 161 includes a plurality of second legs 161a,161b,161c, … … 161n; the diameters of the plurality of second branch pipes 161a,161b,161c, … … 161n may be the same or different. In the present embodiment, preferably, the second branch pipe 161 includes three second branch pipes 161a,161b,161c; the diameters of the three second branch pipes 161a,161b,161c are all different. The pipe diameter of the second branch pipe 161 depends on the nominal diameter of the relief valve 162.
The one or more relief valves 162 are disposed on the one or more first branch pipes 161 in a one-to-one correspondence. The overflow valve is an automatic valve, which can set the opening pressure and the closing pressure of the valve, and a certain proportional relation exists between the values of the opening pressure and the closing pressure. Thus, when the pressure of the back pressure vessel 12 exceeds the relief valve set opening pressure, the relief valve 162 opens, which can discharge the surplus gas. When the pressure in the back pressure vessel 12 drops to a certain value, the relief valve 162 is closed. By such a working process, a relative stabilization of the pressure of the back pressure vessel 12 is achieved. In this way, the relief pressure regulation task is partially shifted from the original control valve 152 to the relief valve 162. The number of relief valves 162 is adapted to the number of second branch pipes 162. In some embodiments, the relief valve 162 includes a plurality of relief valves 162a,162b,162c, … …; the nominal diameter of each relief valve 162a,162b,162c … … is different, in this embodiment the relief valve 162 comprises three relief valves 162a,162b,162c, the respective nominal diameters being DN15/DN20/DN25.
The one to one shut-off valves 163 are disposed on each of the second branch pipes 161 in a one-to-one correspondence with the overflow valves 162 in the gas discharge direction, and shut off the gas in the second branch pipes 161 when the pressure of the back pressure container 12 drops below the opening pressure set by the overflow valves 162. The number of the one or more shut-off valves 163 is adapted to the number of the relief valves 162, and the shut-off valves are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the relief valves 162. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the shut-off valve 163 may be omitted.
The control device 17, when the tested safety valve is opened, can control the first exhaust unit 15 to exhaust and rough regulate the pressure in the back pressure container 12; when the pressure in the back pressure container 12 is greater than the opening pressure of the second venting unit 16, the second venting unit 16 can be controlled to vent, fine-tuning the pressure in the back pressure container 12 can be performed, and the first venting unit 15 can be assisted to adjust the pressure of the back pressure container 12 until the pressure in the back pressure container 12 is kept stable.
Specifically, the control device 17 is connected to the control valve 152 and the relief valve 162, respectively, and can individually control each control valve 152 and each relief valve 162. Which may be combined to achieve accurate pressure regulation of the back pressure vessel 12 by selecting one or more of the control valves 152 to open and rotating one or more of the relief valves 162 to open based on the discharge pressure of the second conduit. During the test, when the tested safety valve 30 is detected to be opened, the control device 17 can control one or more control valves 152 to be opened, and the gas is discharged through the first branch pipe 151 corresponding to the opened control valve 152 to perform rough adjustment on the back pressure container 12. The discharge amount of the first branch pipe 151 or the sum of the discharge amounts of the plurality of first branch pipes 151 where the opened control valve 152 is located is similar to the discharge amount of the second pipe 14, so as to perform rough adjustment on the pressure in the back pressure container 12, when the pressure in the back pressure container 12 is increased and is greater than the set opening pressure of the overflow valve 162, one or more overflow valves 162 can be controlled to be opened, and the second branch pipe 161 corresponding to the opened overflow valve 162 discharges gas, so as to perform fine adjustment on the back pressure in the back pressure container 12 until the pressure in the back pressure container 12 is maintained stable. In this embodiment, the control device may be a CPU.
In order to maintain the pressure in the back pressure container 12 stable, the discharge amount of the test container 11 coincides with the discharge amount of the back pressure container 12, when the discharge amount of the test container 11 is satisfied to coincide with the discharge amount of the back pressure container 12; the pipe diameter of the first pipe 13 and the pipe diameter of the discharge pipe (second pipe 14) of the back pressure container 12 have a proportional relationship, and the sum of the nominal diameters of the control valve 152 and the relief valve 162 is adapted to the preset pipe diameter of the second pipe 14, by which the corresponding control valve 151 and relief valve 161 can be conveniently selected.
According to the displacement calculation formula: air system relief valve type test displacement calculation method specified in relief valve general requirement (GB/T12241-2005):
Wherein: w tg -theoretical displacement in units of: kg/h; p d -actual discharge pressure (regulated pressure), in units of: MPa; here, pd=p (discharge pressure) -P (back pressure); a-flow passage area, unit is: mm 2; c, an adiabatic exponential function, wherein C is 2.7; m-molecular weight of the gas in units of: kg/kmol, 28.96; z is a compression system, Z is 1; t-actual discharge temperature in units of: k, taking the room temperature;
thus, to keep the test process pressure steady, it is necessary to: the test vessel air discharge is equal to the back pressure tank air discharge. I.e. to maintain the relationship:
W tg (test vessel) =w tg (back pressure tank)
Therefore, the pipe diameters of the first pipe 13 and the second pipe 14 satisfy the following conditions:
Wherein d 1 is the pipe diameter of the first pipeline 13; d 2 -is the preset pipe diameter of the second pipe 14; p 1 —the pressure of the back pressure vessel 12; p 2 -the pressure at which the pressure vessel 11 discharges.
The preset pipe diameter of the second pipe 14 can be calculated by the above formula, and the corresponding combination of the control valve 151 and the relief valve 162 can be selected according to the preset pipe diameter. As the pipe diameter of the second pipe 14 is in fact fixed, for example: DN25/DN40/DN50/DN80/DN100, it is necessary to select a combination of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe corresponding to the discharge amount of the second pipe 14 corresponding to the preset pipe diameter to discharge gas, so as to achieve the maintenance of the pressure stability of the back pressure container 12, and it is necessary to determine the corresponding control valve 152 in the first exhaust unit 15 and the corresponding relief valve 162 in the second exhaust unit 16 on the second pipe 14 in advance and control the opening thereof. For example, the tested relief valve discharge port is DN80, and the preset diameter of the second conduit 14 of the back pressure vessel 12 is 113mm, as determined by the above formula. Thus, we initially determine the combination mode of the control valve DN100 and the overflow valve DN15, so as to ensure that the pipe diameter of the back pressure container 12 meets the requirement of flow balance.
In this embodiment, the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test apparatus further includes a first air supplementing unit 18; the first air supplementing unit 18 can supplement air to the back pressure container 12, which can avoid the pressure drop of the back pressure container 12 caused by the excessive discharge amount of the back pressure container 12. The air supply unit 18 includes a first air supply tank 181, a second pipe 182, and a first check valve 183; the first gas filling tank 181 is communicated with the back pressure container 12 through the third pipe 182, and is capable of filling gas into the back pressure container 12 when the back pressure container 12 is lower than a set pressure, the first check valve 183 is provided on the third pipe 182, and is capable of preventing gas in the back pressure container 12 from flowing back to the first gas filling tank 181, and by providing the first check valve 183, gas in the back pressure container 12 does not flow back to the first gas filling tank 181 even if the pressure of the back pressure container 12 is higher than the pressure of the first gas filling tank 181 during a test.
In the present embodiment, the first air supplementing unit 18 further includes a pressure detecting device 184; the pressure detecting device 184 may be used to detect the pressure of the first gas supplementing tank 181, and is connected to the control device 17, and may transmit the detected pressure information to the control device 17. In this embodiment, the pressure detecting device 184 is preferably a pressure sensor.
Before the test starts, the back pressure container 12 is the same as the set pressure parameter of the first air compensating tank 181, and when the control valve 152 discharges a large amount during the test, the pressure of the back pressure container 12 drops below the set pressure, and at this time, the first air compensating tank 181 supplements air to the back pressure container 12, thereby maintaining the relative stability of the back pressure container 12.
In this embodiment, the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test apparatus further includes a second air supplementing unit 19; the second air-supplementing unit 19 can ensure the first air-supplementing unit 18 to continuously and stably supplement air, and avoid the pressure drop of the first air-supplementing unit 18 in the process of supplementing air to the back pressure container 12. The second air supplementing unit 19 includes a second air supplementing tank 191, a fourth pipe 192, a regulating valve 193, a fifth pipe 194, a second check valve 195, and an air intake valve 196; the second air compensating tank 191 is communicated with the first air compensating tank 181 through the fourth pipeline 192, and the pressure ratio relationship between the second air compensating tank 191 and the first air compensating tank 181 can be 2:1; of course, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, it may not be limited to 2:1; the regulator valve 193 is disposed on the fourth pipe 192 and connected to the control device 17, and is controlled to be opened by the control device 17 when the pressure detecting device 184 detects a pressure decrease in the first gas supplementing tank 181, so as to introduce the gas in the second gas supplementing tank 191 into the first gas supplementing tank 181. One end of the fifth pipe 194 is communicated with the second air compensating tank 191, the other end is communicated with the air compressor to be connected with air, and the second check valve 195 and the air inlet valve 196 are sequentially arranged on the fifth pipe 194. The second check valve 195 may be used to prevent the gas of the second gas compensating tank 191 from flowing back to the air compressor, the gas inlet valve 196 may be opened to allow gas to be introduced into the second gas compensating tank 191, and closed to stop the introduction of gas.
In the test process, when the pressure of the first air compensating tank 181 decreases, the pressure detecting device 184 detects the pressure decrease of the first air compensating tank 181 and transmits the pressure information to the control device 17, the control device 17 compares and analyzes the pressure information with the set pressure and sends a command to the regulating valve 193, and the regulating valve 193 is properly opened and closed to ensure the pressure stability of the first air compensating tank 181.
In this embodiment, the additional back pressure type relief valve discharge side test device further includes a tested relief valve pressure detection device 20; the tested relief valve pressure detecting means 20 may be used to detect the pressure discharged by the tested relief valve 30, which is connected to the control means 17, which may control the first exhaust unit 15 to exhaust when the tested relief valve pressure detecting means 20 detects that the pressure discharged by the tested relief valve 30 reaches its set pressure. The safety valve pressure detection device to be tested is the safety valve opening height measurement device to be tested, which can use the opening height information as the opening signal of the control valve 152 to ensure the sensitivity of the test.
Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a discharge side test method of an additional back pressure type safety valve of the present invention.
The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method, which can be applied to the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device of the present invention, comprises the steps of:
s1, installing a tested safety valve 30 on a first pipeline 13 which communicates the back pressure container 12 and the test container 11; specifically, the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test apparatus was installed, and the safety valve under test 30 was installed on the first pipe 13, and the intake control valve 122 on the back pressure supply pipe 121 was closed, and the test preparation stage was entered.
S2, supplying gas into the back pressure container 12 until the gas pressure in the back pressure container 12 reaches a set pressure; specifically, the intake control valve 122 is opened to supply air to the back pressure vessel 12 to provide a back pressure environment. By observing the first pressure detecting means 123 on the back pressure container 12, when the pressure in the back pressure container 12 reaches the set pressure, the intake control valve 122 is closed. Meanwhile, the air compressor supplies air to the second air compensating tank 191 and the first air compensating tank 181, and when the pressure of the first air compensating tank 181 reaches a set pressure and the pressure of the second air compensating tank 191 reaches 2 times the set pressure, the adjusting valve 193 and the air inlet valve 196 are closed.
S3, supplying air to the test container 11 until the set pressure of the tested safety valve 30 is reached, opening the tested safety valve 30, exhausting air to the back pressure container 11 through the first pipeline 14, and controlling the first exhaust unit to exhaust air; between proceeding with step S3, it is also necessary to pass the formulaThe predetermined pipe diameter of the second pipe 14 is calculated and the combination of the control valve 152 and the relief valve 162 is determined. In this embodiment, the tested relief valve discharge port is DN80, and the preset diameter of the second conduit 14 of the back pressure vessel 12 is 113mm, as determined by the above equation. Thus, we initially determined the combination of the control valve DN100 and the relief valve DN 15. At the beginning of the test, first, the shut-off valve 163 on the second branch 161 where the relief valve DN15 is located is opened; secondly, the test vessel 11 is slowly supplied with air, the pressure of the test vessel 11 is raised by the foot until reaching the set pressure (opening pressure) of the tested safety valve 30, the tested safety valve 30 is opened, the discharge port of the tested safety valve 30 is opened, and the back pressure vessel 12 is exhausted through the first pipeline 13; at the same time, the safety valve pressure detecting device 20 detects that the safety valve 30 is opened, and transmits an opening signal to the control device 17, and the control device 17 instructs to open the control valve 152e (nominal diameter DN 100).
And S4, when the pressure of the back pressure container 12 is larger than the set pressure of the second exhaust unit 16, controlling the second exhaust unit 16 to exhaust so as to assist the first exhaust unit 15 to adjust the pressure of the back pressure container until the pressure in the back pressure container 12 is kept stable. Specifically, as the pressure of the back pressure container 12 increases, when the second pressure detecting device 132 detects that the pressure of the back pressure container 12 reaches the relief valve 162a (nominal diameter DN 15) set pressure (opening pressure), the relief valve 162a opens.
During the test, when the control valve 152 discharges a large amount and the pressure of the back pressure container 12 drops below the set pressure, the first air supply tank 181 supplies air to the back pressure container 12, thereby maintaining the back pressure container 12 relatively stable.
When the pressure of the first air compensating tank 181 decreases, the pressure detecting device 184 detects the pressure decrease of the first air compensating tank 181 and transmits the pressure information to the control device 17, the control device 17 compares and analyzes the pressure information with a set pressure and sends a command to the regulating valve 193, and the regulating valve 193 is properly opened and closed to ensure the pressure stability of the first air compensating tank 181.
The pressure of the back pressure container 12 is ensured to be stable through a series of air supplementing and discharging, and the type test of the tested safety valve 30 is completed.
It is to be understood that the above examples only represent preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention; therefore, all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (5)
1. The test device for the discharge side of the additional back pressure type safety valve is characterized by comprising a test container (11), a back pressure container (12), a first pipeline (13), a second pipeline (14), a first exhaust unit (15), a second exhaust unit (16), a control device (17), a first air supplementing unit and a second air supplementing unit;
A back pressure supply pipe (121) is arranged on the back pressure container (12) so as to supply air to the back pressure container (12);
The test container (11) is communicated with the back pressure container (12) through a first pipeline (13), a tested safety valve is arranged between the test container (11) and the back pressure container (12), and the tested safety valve is arranged on the first pipeline (13);
-said second conduit (14) is in communication with said back pressure vessel (12); the first exhaust unit (15) and the second exhaust unit (16) are respectively communicated with the second pipeline (14);
The control device (17) is connected with the first exhaust unit (15) and the second exhaust unit (16), when the tested safety valve (30) is opened, the first exhaust unit (15) is controlled to exhaust, the pressure in the back pressure container (12) is larger than the opening pressure of the second exhaust unit (16), and the second exhaust unit (16) is controlled to exhaust, so that the pressure of the back pressure container (12) is regulated until the pressure in the back pressure container (12) is kept stable;
The first exhaust unit (15) is a main exhaust unit, and the discharge amount of the first exhaust unit is larger than that of the second exhaust unit (16) and is used for roughly adjusting the pressure in the back pressure container (12); the second exhaust unit (16) is used for fine adjustment of the pressure in the back pressure container (12), and the discharge amount of the second exhaust unit (16) is smaller than that of the first exhaust unit (15) and is used for assisting the first exhaust unit (15) in adjusting the pressure of the back pressure container (12);
the pipe diameter of the first pipeline (13) and the preset pipe diameter of the second pipeline (14) meet the following conditions:
Wherein d 1 is the pipe diameter of the first pipeline (13); d 2 -is the preset pipe diameter of the second pipeline (14); p 1 -the pressure of the back pressure vessel (12); p 2 -the pressure at which the test vessel (11) is vented;
the first exhaust unit (15) includes a plurality of first branch pipes (151) provided on the second pipe (14) and control valves (152) provided on each of the first branch pipes (151) correspondingly;
The second exhaust unit (16) includes a plurality of second branch pipes (161) provided on the second pipe (14) and overflow valves (162) provided on each of the second branch pipes (161) correspondingly;
The control device (17) is respectively connected with the control valve (152) and the overflow valve (162), controls one or more control valves (152) to be opened when the tested safety valve (30) is opened, discharges gas through a first branch pipe (151) corresponding to the opened control valve (152), controls one or more overflow valves (162) to be opened when the pressure in the back pressure container (12) is higher than the set opening pressure of the overflow valve (162), and discharges gas through a second branch pipe (161) corresponding to the opened overflow valve (162) until the pressure in the back pressure container (12) is kept stable;
-among said plurality of first branches (151), the pipe diameter on each of said first branches (151) is different, the nominal diameter of the control valve (152) on each of said first branches (151) being different;
-among said plurality of second branches (161), each of said second branches (161) having a different pipe diameter, the nominal diameter of the overflow valve (162) on each of said second branches (161) being different;
The first air supplementing unit (18) comprises a first air supplementing tank (181), a third pipeline (182) and a first check valve (183); the first air supplementing tank (181) is communicated with the back pressure container (12) through the third pipeline (182) so as to supplement air for the back pressure container (12) when the back pressure container (12) is lower than a set pressure; the first check valve (183) is provided on the third pipe (182) to prevent the back flow of the gas in the back pressure vessel (12);
The second air supplementing unit (19) comprises a second air supplementing tank (191), a fourth pipeline (192), a regulating valve (193), a fifth pipeline (194), a second check valve (195) and an air inlet valve (196);
The second air supplementing tank (191) is communicated with the first air supplementing tank (181) through the fourth pipeline (192), and the regulating valve (193) is arranged on the fourth pipeline (192) and is connected with the control device (17);
One end of the fifth pipeline (194) is communicated with the second air supplementing tank (191), the other end of the fifth pipeline is communicated with the air compressor to be connected with air, and the second check valve (195) and the air inlet valve (196) are sequentially arranged on the fifth pipeline (194).
2. The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device according to claim 1, wherein the sum of nominal diameters of the control valve (152) and the relief valve (162) is adapted to a preset pipe diameter of the second pipe (14).
3. The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device according to claim 1, wherein the second exhaust unit (16) further includes a shut-off valve (163) provided on each of the second branch pipes (161); the shut-off valve (163) and the relief valve (162) are disposed in this order in the gas discharge direction.
4. The additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device according to claim 1, further comprising a tested safety valve pressure detection device (20) that detects a pressure of the discharge of the tested safety valve (30), the tested safety valve pressure detection device (20) being connected to the control device (17) to control the first exhaust unit (15) to exhaust when the tested safety valve pressure detection device (20) detects that the pressure of the discharge of the tested safety valve (30) reaches its set pressure;
And/or the additional back pressure safety valve discharge side test device further comprises a first pressure detection device (123) arranged on the back pressure supply pipe (121) for detecting the pressure of the back pressure container (12), and a second pressure detection device (132) arranged on the first pipeline (13) for detecting the discharge pressure of the first pipeline (13).
5. An additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test method applied to the additional back pressure type safety valve discharge side test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
S1, installing a tested safety valve on a first pipeline which is communicated with a back pressure container and a test container;
s2, supplying gas into the back pressure container until the gas pressure in the back pressure container reaches a set pressure;
S3, supplying air to the test container until the set pressure of the tested safety valve is reached, opening the tested safety valve, exhausting air to the back pressure container through the first pipeline, and controlling the first exhaust unit to exhaust air;
and S4, when the pressure of the back pressure container is larger than the set pressure of the second exhaust unit, controlling the second exhaust unit to exhaust so as to assist the first exhaust unit to adjust the pressure of the back pressure container until the pressure in the back pressure container is kept stable.
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| CN114264470A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-01 | 西安精密机械研究所 | Device and method for detecting opening and closing pressure of safety valve under high back pressure |
| CN114594803B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-10-04 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological flow of little power station is released, monitoring facilities |
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