CN109596020A - A kind of assay method of directional fracture photoface exploision - Google Patents
A kind of assay method of directional fracture photoface exploision Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596020A CN109596020A CN201811358079.XA CN201811358079A CN109596020A CN 109596020 A CN109596020 A CN 109596020A CN 201811358079 A CN201811358079 A CN 201811358079A CN 109596020 A CN109596020 A CN 109596020A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects.It is related to blasting technique field, can be improved directional fracture evaluation of smooth blasting results accuracy.It include: that rock test block is chosen according to the physical and mechanical parameter of blasting medium；Blasthole is bored in rock test block center；Being located near blasthole in rock test block takes measuring point to carry out ultrasound examination；Acquire first spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in the rock test block；Directional fracture blasting pack is installed into blasthole, blocks blasthole；Directional fracture blasting parameter is controlled to detonate to blasthole；Acquire second spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in post-rift rock test block；Calculate percentage speed variation of the ultrasonic wave in the test block before and after explosion at identical point position；According to damage of rock situation after percentage speed variation analysis explosion；According to the damage of rock status evaluation demolition effect.The present invention is suitable for evaluation directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blasting technique more particularly to a kind of assay methods of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects.
Background technique
With the fast development and extensive use of ReView of Recent Rock Blasting Techniques, how to accurately control what explosion cracked
Germinating, the formation of propagation direction and the plane of disruption, obtain the outer contour in opposed flattened pledge excavation face and roadway, and maximum limit
Degree ground protection roadway surrounding rock or slope stability, become the hot spot technology problem of those skilled in the art's concern.
Photoface exploision is as a kind of Controlled blasting technique, by correctly selecting blasting parameter and reasonable construction method, point
Section short-delay blasting is distinguished, explosion rear-wheel profile is can reach and meets design requirement, molding effect is preferable, answers extensively in blasting engineering
With becoming one of the scheme for solving the problems, such as above-mentioned hot spot technology.
In order to further improve the effect of photoface exploision, many scholars at home and abroad grind Directional Fracture Controlled Blasting
Study carefully analysis, and directional fracture control blasting technology is applied in photoface exploision, achieves preferable demolition effect.But mesh
The preceding demolition effect combined for both blasting techniques is general or commented based on out break and Half cast factor the two indexs
Valence, this kind is not fine enough using the means that the quantity of observation out break and half bore evaluates demolition effect, causes evaluation quasi-
Exactness is lower, it is difficult to provide more accurately theoretical direction for blasting engineering practice.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects, it can
The accuracy of directional fracture evaluation of smooth blasting results is improved, is referred to so as to provide more accurately theory for blasting engineering practice
It leads.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects, comprising:
Rock test block is chosen according to the physical and mechanical parameter of blasting medium；The physical and mechanical parameter includes: hardness, density
And porosity；
Blasthole is drilled in the center of the rock test block；
Several measuring points are taken to carry out ultrasound examination in the rock test block, near blasthole；
Acquire first spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in the rock test block；
Directional fracture blasting pack is installed into the blasthole, blocks blasthole；
It controls directional fracture blasting parameter to detonate to blasthole, rock test block is made to be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction；
Acquire second spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in post-rift rock test block；
Percentage speed variation of the ultrasonic wave in the test block before and after explosion at identical point position is calculated according to formula；The public affairs
Formula isη is percentage speed variation, v0For the first spread speed, v is the second spread speed；
According to damage of rock situation after percentage speed variation analysis explosion；
According to the damage of rock status evaluation demolition effect.
Preferably, described to include: according to the physical and mechanical parameter of blasting medium selection rock test block
The granite same or similar with blasting medium density, hardness and porosity is chosen, is situated between with simulating true explosion
Matter；
Granite is fabricated to the test block that specification is 60cm*60cm*15cm；
Draw the grid of 1cm*1cm in length and breadth in the test block.
Preferably, the blasthole is a row, and pitch of holes is 5~10cm, and hole depth is the 2/3~3/4 of test block thickness, and aperture is
1cm。
Preferably, the directional fracture blasting is segment algorithm with pack；
It is described that directional fracture blasting pack is installed into the blasthole, block blasthole；Control directional fracture blasting parameter
It detonates to blasthole, makes rock test block be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction to include:
The segment algorithm shell is made with pvc pipe；
The degree of packing ρ for making rock test block be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction is calculated according to formula；
The formula are as follows:Wherein, a is blasthole spacing, KnIt is disconnected for rock
Split toughness, F2For correction factor, general value 0.25~1, KPFor parameter related with explosive property, value range 0~100, dn
For blasthole aperture；
Pvc pipe caliber is determined according to the degree of packing and blasthole aperture；
Joint-cutting is opened on the pvc pipe circumference corresponding position according to predetermined rift direction, to control blasting direction.
Preferably, the pvc pipe outer diameter 1cm, internal diameter 0.8cm, height 8cm, width of slit 0.1cm, powder charge 2gDDNP.
Preferably, second propagation of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the acquisition point position in post-rift rock test block
After speed further include:
Calculate rock test block damaging parameter D；
The E is the elasticity modulus before and after rock test block explosion；
Damage of rock degree is determined according to the damage variable；
According to the damage of rock degree evaluation demolition effect.
Preferably, the control directional fracture blasting parameter detonates to blasthole, is broken rock test block along predetermined direction
To further include after two halves,
The plane of disruption is scanned using mobile binocular vision data collection system, obtains the plane of disruption 3-D image；
The plane of disruption 3-D image is imported in Matlab software, plane of disruption relevant parameter is calculated,
The relevant parameter includes: plane of disruption surface area S1, area S2, volume V, maximum pit depth L pit mean depth
L0And standard deviation a；
Evaluation index characterization number function β=f (η, D, S are established according to the relevant parameter1, S2, V, L, L0, a)；
Evaluation index characterizes number function are as follows:
Wherein, 0≤β≤1；
Function, which is characterized, according to the evaluation index calculates the characterization functional value of the evaluation index after rock blasting；
Functional value quantitatively evaluating Blasting is characterized according to evaluation index.
Preferably, according to the evaluation index characterize function calculate the evaluation index after rock blasting characterization functional value it
After include:
Judge threshold range locating for the evaluation index characterization functional value；The threshold range includes: first threshold model
Enclose 0.75 < β < 1,0.5 < β < 0.75 of second threshold range, 0.25 < β < 0.5 of third threshold range and the 4th threshold range 0
< β < 0.25；
Demolition effect is evaluated according to threshold range locating for evaluation index characterization functional value.
Preferably, the blasthole is a row, in the blasthole inner wall, positioned at radially setting perpendicular to tier hole line
There is guiding groove；
It is extended using the lead crack in guiding groove guidance blasting process along predetermined direction.
The assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising steps of according to quick-fried
The physical and mechanical parameter of broken medium chooses rock test block；The physical and mechanical parameter includes: hardness, density and porosity；Institute
The center for stating rock test block is drilled with blasthole；Several measuring points are taken to carry out ultrasonic wave inspection in the rock test block, near blasthole
It surveys；Acquire first spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in the rock test block；It is filled into the blasthole
If directional fracture blasting pack, blasthole is blocked；It controls directional fracture blasting parameter to detonate to blasthole, makes rock test block along pre-
Determine direction and is fractured into two halves；Acquire second propagation speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in post-rift rock test block
Degree；Calculate percentage speed variation of the ultrasonic wave in the test block before and after explosion at identical point position；According to the percentage speed variation
Damage of rock situation after analysis explosion；According to the damage of rock status evaluation demolition effect.By using above scheme, according to
The percentage speed variation being calculated determines damage of rock range, comments further according to the damage of rock range of quantization demolition effect
Valence can be improved directional fracture evaluation of smooth blasting results accuracy, so as to provide more accurately for blasting engineering practice
Theoretical direction.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is one flow diagram of assay method of directional fracture of embodiment of the present invention Smooth Blasting Effects；
Fig. 2 is one structural schematic diagram of segment algorithm of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is rock test block of embodiment of the present invention blasting fracgmentation effect picture；
Fig. 4 is the color that rock test block of the embodiment of the present invention plane of disruption characterizes plane of disruption pit depth in Matalab software
Difference figure；
Fig. 5 is the datum level wound that rock test block of the embodiment of the present invention plane of disruption calculates relevant parameter in Matalab software
Build figure.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It will be appreciated that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
Its embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects of the embodiment of the present invention,
Evaluation suitable for being applied to effect photoface exploision to directional fracture blasting technology, is also used as quick-fried to directional fracture smooth surface
Broken evaluation analysis method carries out empirical theory research, using as the Important Theoretic Foundation for instructing engineering explosion to practice.The method
Include:
Step 101 chooses rock test block according to the physical and mechanical parameter of blasting medium；The physical and mechanical parameter includes:
Hardness, density and porosity；
In the present embodiment, blasting medium refers to the rock in practical explosion, in order to which demolition effect can accurately be evaluated,
Object of the rock test block as evaluation is chosen according to the physico-mechanical properties of the rock in practical explosion, it can be real for authentic assessment
Demolition effect in the explosion of border provides assay basis.The rock test block can also directly be chosen from demolition site.
It is described that rock examination is chosen according to the physical and mechanical parameter of blasting medium as an alternative embodiment in the present embodiment
Block includes:
The granite same or similar with blasting medium density, hardness and porosity is chosen, is situated between with simulating true explosion
Matter；Granite is fabricated to the test block that specification is 60cm*60cm*15cm；Draw the net of 1cm*1cm in length and breadth in the test block
Lattice.
It is understood that the development that grid is convenient for subsequent drilling operating is drawn in rock test block, grid here
Size can be accordingly arranged according to the size of boring aperture, in this way, can facilitate positioning in drilling.
Step 102 is drilled with blasthole in the center of the rock test block.
In the present embodiment, specifically, the blasthole is set as a row, pitch of holes is 5~10cm, as far as possible in a line
On, the diameter of blasthole can select as needed, and the depth of blasthole is the 2/3~3/4 of specimen thickness, aperture 1cm.Specifically dividing
When analysing evaluation test, hole depth 12cm, diameter 1cm are set.
Step 103 takes several measuring points to carry out ultrasound examination in the rock test block, near blasthole.
In the present embodiment, using RSM-SY5 (T) intelligent sound wave instrument, 2 probes are connected, are fixed on the upper and lower of rock test block
Two sides, one end emit signal, and the other end receives signal.
The first spread speed of step 104, the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the acquisition point position in the rock test block.
In the present embodiment, specifically 6 measuring points of arrangement equal in rock test block, the sound wave for measuring this six measuring points exist
The first spread speed in rock records respectively are as follows: v0=v01、v02、v03、v04、v05And v06, it is to be understood that pass through measurement
It is multiple, it can determine the degree of injury of different location in rock test block.In order to compare at blasthole at different distance position
Damage, the measuring point are preferably successively gradually distance from the setting of blasthole position
Directional fracture blasting pack is installed in step 105, Xiang Suoshu blasthole, blocks blasthole；
Step 106, control directional fracture blasting parameter detonate to blasthole, and rock test block is made to be fractured into two along predetermined direction
Half；
In the present embodiment, it is to be understood that explosive payload and unilateral double-pipe in the control of blasting parameter, especially explosion
Structure and diameter on whether capable of reaching blasting result required by predetermined experiment purpose and have vital influence.
In order to further ensure rock is broken into two along blasthole line, referring to shown in Fig. 2, as an optional implementation
Example, it is described that directional fracture blasting pack is installed into the blasthole, block blasthole；Directional fracture blasting parameter is controlled to blasthole
Detonation, makes rock test block be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction to include:
The segment algorithm shell 2 is made with pvc pipe；
The degree of packing ρ for making rock test block be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction is calculated according to formula；
The formula are as follows:Wherein, a is blasthole spacing, KnIt is disconnected for rock
Split toughness, F2For correction factor, general value 0.25~1, KPFor parameter related with explosive property, value range 0~100, dn
For blasthole aperture；
Pvc pipe caliber is determined according to the degree of packing and blasthole aperture；According to predetermined rift direction in pvc pipe circle
Joint-cutting 2 is opened on all corresponding positions, to control blasting direction.
It is understood that the meeting of shock wave 3 concentration first generated in explosion acts on blasthole wall along joint-cutting 2 and is formed
Initial crack, then detonation gas 4 carries out static extruding to hole wall, drives the crackle to continue extension and extends, finally along crackle
Place's fracture, realizes the purpose of rock test block directional fracture blasting, and the effect picture of rock test block directional fracture is shown referring to Fig. 3.
In the present embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, in the blasthole inner wall 1, positioned at perpendicular to tier hole line
Radially it is equipped with guiding groove 11；
It is extended using the lead crack in guiding groove guidance blasting process along predetermined direction.
By the way that the guiding groove is arranged, guidance lead crack can be assisted along guiding groove Directional Extension, to guarantee rock test block
Directional fracture, to guarantee going on smoothly for assay test.
The embodiment of the present invention is determined by calculating specific degree of packing, and in conjunction with blasthole aperture as unilateral double-pipe
Pvc pipe diameter, realize accurate control blasting parameter, and open joint-cutting in the corresponding position of predetermined rift direction, guide crack propagation,
It is broken after capable of guaranteeing rock test block explosion along predetermined direction.
The the second propagation speed of step 107, the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the acquisition point position in post-rift rock test block
Degree；
In the present embodiment, quick-fried rear velocity of sound v=v1、v2、v3、v4、v5And v6, the specific equipment for acquiring the second spread speed and being related to
And method is consistent with instrument used in the first spread speed of sound wave and method, and it can be cross-referenced, details are not described herein.
Step 108 calculates percentage speed variation of the ultrasonic wave in the test block before and after explosion at identical point position；
In the present embodiment, percentage speed variation of the ultrasonic wave in the rock before and after explosion is alternatively referred to as wave drop rate,
Calculate the formula of the percentage speed variation of sound wave are as follows:Wherein η is the velocity variations of sound wave
Rate (wave drop rate), v0For the first spread speed, v is the second spread speed.
Step 109 analyzes damage of rock situation after explosion according to the percentage speed variation.
In the present embodiment, specifically, wave drop range locating for percentage speed variation of the sound wave before and after the explosion in rock is judged；
If η 10%, it is determined that for explosion dynamic load there is no or almost no damage is generated to rock test block, i.e. damage of rock can be with
Ignore；
If 10% < η≤15%, it is determined that explosion dynamic load generates slight damage to rock test block；
If η > 15%, it is determined that explosion dynamic load generates damage to rock mass.
The damage shape of rock test block different parts can be quantified by dropping range according to wave locating for the acoustic speed change rate
Condition.
Step 110, according to the damage of rock status evaluation demolition effect.
In the present embodiment, if determining explosion dynamic load according to acoustic speed change rate, there is no or almost no to rock test block
Damage is generated, then it is excellent to evaluate demolition effect；If it is determined that explosion dynamic load generates slight damage to rock test block, then demolition effect is evaluated
It is good；If it is determined that explosion dynamic load generates damage to rock mass, then it is poor to evaluate demolition effect.In this way, being quantified according to acoustic speed change rate
The rock test block damage status evaluation demolition effect determined, it is accurate to the evaluation of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects to can be improved
Degree, so as to provide more accurately theoretical direction for blasting engineering practice.
The assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by using above-mentioned side
Case determines damage of rock range according to the percentage speed variation quantization being calculated, further according to the damage of rock range pair of quantization
Demolition effect evaluation, can be improved directional fracture evaluation of smooth blasting results accuracy, so as to mention for blasting engineering practice
For more accurately theoretical direction.
In the present embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the pvc pipe outer diameter 1cm, internal diameter 0.8cm, height 8cm, joint-cutting is wide
Spend 0.1cm, powder charge 2gDDNP.
In the present embodiment, as another alternative embodiment, the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position that acquires is being broken
After the second spread speed in rock test block afterwards further include: calculate rock test block damaging parameter D；
The E is the elasticity modulus before and after rock test block explosion；
Damage of rock degree is determined according to the damage variable；According to the damage of rock degree evaluation demolition effect.
In the present embodiment, if calculating D=1, then it represents that rock produces Macroscopic or has been crushed, if D=
0, then it represents that rock sample does not generate damage and also do not destroy.In this way, by introducing damaging parameter D, it can be to the damage of rock
Hurt degree to be quantitatively described.It is understood that can also be comprehensive according to acoustic speed change rate above-mentioned and damage variable
Analyze damage of rock situation, in this way, can make the evaluation of demolition effect it is more single can quantization factor evaluation accuracy it is higher.
In the present embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the control directional fracture blasting parameter detonates to blasthole, makes rock
Test block is fractured into after two halves along predetermined direction,
The plane of disruption is scanned using mobile binocular vision data collection system, obtains the plane of disruption 3-D image；
In the present embodiment, mobile binocular vision data collection system is Wuhan only scape three-dimensional ReadyScanTM series hand
It holds formula laser three-D laser scanner and acquisition plane of disruption 3-D image is scanned to section.ReadyScanTM uses line laser
High-veiocity scanning, sweep speed are up to 265,000 measurement/second, and measurement accuracy is up to 0.03mm；Included positioning system, nothing
It need to be equipped with external trace positioning device, dynamic reference function can ensure that data acquisition quality and precision not by change in location shadow
It rings.
The plane of disruption 3-D image is imported in Matlab software, plane of disruption relevant parameter, the related ginseng are calculated
Number includes: plane of disruption surface area S1, area S2, volume V, maximum pit depth L pit mean depth L0And standard deviation a；
In the present embodiment, Matlab software is the prior art to the circular of plane of disruption relevant parameter, specifically may be used
The calculating of relevant parameter is realized by programming.For example, for the calculating of pit depth, a datum plane can be created first,
Then program calculation goes out maximum pit depth L, mean pit depth L0, standard deviation a equivalence in Matlab.The standard deviation
Difference is to characterize the dispersion degree of different pit depth values；In addition, available chromaticity difference diagram shows the depth value of each point simultaneously, it is different
Depth shows with different colours, as shown in Figure 4.
Color can also be utilized in Matalab software from laterally or longitudinally or any other direction directly creates section
Poor figure pair cross-section analysis, it is the prior art that Matalab software, which carries out analysis to object with chromaticity difference diagram, and is associated with not with the application
Greatly, details are not described herein again.
Evaluation index characterization number function β=f (η, D, S are established according to the relevant parameter1, S2, V, L, L0, a)；
It is understood that acoustic speed change rate and damage variable can also be used as the relevant parameter in rock fracture face,
To establish comprehensive demolition effect appraisement system, the evaluation of demolition effect can be directly carried out according to the appraisement system later, no
The accuracy of evaluation only can be improved, also can further improve the convenience of demolition effect evaluation.
Evaluation index characterizes number function are as follows:
Wherein, 0≤β≤1；
Function, which is characterized, according to the evaluation index calculates the characterization functional value of the evaluation index after rock blasting；According to evaluation
Index characterization functional value quantitatively evaluating Blasting.
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to measurement or calculated rock fracture face relevant parameter η, D, S every time1, S2, V, L,
L0, a is corresponding to calculate evaluation index characterization functional value, provides a kind of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects overall evaluation system
Or method, rapidly and accurately directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects can be evaluated.
As an alternative embodiment, function is characterized according to the evaluation index and calculates the evaluation index table after rock blasting
After sign functional value further include:
Judge threshold range locating for the evaluation index characterization functional value；The threshold range includes: first threshold model
Enclose 0.75 < β < 1,0.5 < β < 0.75 of second threshold range, 0.25 < β < 0.5 of third threshold range and the 4th threshold range 0
< β < 0.25；
Demolition effect is evaluated according to threshold range locating for evaluation index characterization functional value.
Specifically, the threshold range evaluation demolition effect according to locating for evaluation index characterization functional value includes:
If the evaluation index characterization functional value is in first threshold range, it is excellent for evaluating demolition effect；
If the evaluation index characterization functional value is in second threshold range, it is good for evaluating demolition effect；
If evaluation index characterization functional value is in third threshold range, evaluate during demolition effect is；
If the evaluation index characterization functional value is in the 4th threshold range, it is poor for evaluating demolition effect；
It is understood that the directional fracture smooth surface evaluation method that various embodiments of the present invention provide, is suitable for directional fracture
Evaluation in Blasting Practice or experiment to demolition effect.In practical operation, can also change the size of rock test block, type,
The depth and diameter of blasthole, the type of explosive, the dosage of explosive, charge constitution (changing the not coefficient of coup), directional fracture are at seam
Method etc. can still evaluate the Smooth Blasting Effects after above-mentioned " change " using this method.
The assay method of the directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects of the present embodiment, change it is previous only by out break and
The roughening as the means of fracture Smooth Blasting Effects qualitative evaluation such as Half cast factor, introduces acoustic speed change rate, damage
Multiple quantifiable evaluation criterions such as variable, and demolition effect evaluation index characterization function is further established according to the parameter
System refines evaluation method more, evaluation result quantification, which is used for blasting engineering practice or experiment
In, it can effectively quantify the Appreciation gist of demolition effect, improve the accuracy of evaluation.
It should be noted that, in this document, the emphasis of the scheme described between each embodiment is different, but each reality
It applies example and there is certain relationship that is mutually related again, it, can be cross-referenced between each embodiment when understanding the present invention program；Separately
Outside, table is being stated when technical characteristic element is fixed on another technical characteristic element in the embodiment of the present application, can be directly
It is directly contacted with another technical characteristic element surface, is also possible to the other technical characteristic element for having placed in the middle.In addition, such as
First and second etc relational terms are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation,
Without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation, there are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, art
A series of language "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that including want
Process, method, article or the platform of element not only include those elements, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or
Person is to further include for this process, method, article or the intrinsic element of platform.In the absence of more restrictions, by language
The element that sentence " including one ... " limits, it is not excluded that in process, method, article or the platform for including the element also
There are other identical elements.
In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realize above-described embodiment method in all or part of the process,
It is that relevant hardware can be instructed to complete by computer program, the program can be stored in one and computer-readable deposit
In storage media, the program is when being executed, it may include such as the process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, the storage medium
It can be magnetic disk, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random
Access Memory, RAM) etc..
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of assay method of directional fracture Smooth Blasting Effects, which is characterized in that comprising steps of according to blasting medium
Physical and mechanical parameter choose rock test block；The physical and mechanical parameter includes: hardness, density and porosity；
Blasthole is drilled in the center of the rock test block；
Several measuring points are taken to carry out ultrasound examination in the rock test block, near blasthole；
Acquire first spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in the rock test block；
Directional fracture blasting pack is installed into the blasthole, blocks blasthole；
It controls directional fracture blasting parameter to detonate to blasthole, rock test block is made to be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction；
Acquire second spread speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the point position in post-rift rock test block；
Percentage speed variation of the ultrasonic wave in the test block before and after explosion at identical point position is calculated according to formula；The formula isη is percentage speed variation, v0For the first spread speed, v is the second spread speed；
According to damage of rock situation after percentage speed variation analysis explosion；
According to the damage of rock status evaluation demolition effect.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described choose rock according to the physical and mechanical parameter of blasting medium
Stone test block includes:
The granite same or similar with blasting medium density, hardness and porosity is chosen, to simulate true blasting medium；
Granite is fabricated to the test block that specification is 60cm*60cm*15cm；
Draw the grid of 1cm*1cm in length and breadth in the test block.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, pitch of holes is 5~10cm, hole depth it is characterized in that, the blasthole is a row
It is the 2/3~3/4 of test block thickness, aperture 1cm.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the directional fracture blasting is segment algorithm with pack；
It is described that directional fracture blasting pack is installed into the blasthole, block blasthole；Directional fracture blasting parameter is controlled to big gun
Hole is detonated, and so that rock test block is fractured into two halves along predetermined direction and is included:
The segment algorithm shell is made with pvc pipe；
The degree of packing ρ for making rock test block be fractured into two halves along predetermined direction is calculated according to formula；
The formula are as follows:Wherein, a is blasthole spacing, KnIt is tough for rock fracture
Property, F2For correction factor, general value 0.25~1, KPFor parameter related with explosive property, value range 0~100, dnFor big gun
Hole aperture；
Pvc pipe caliber is determined according to the degree of packing and blasthole aperture；
Joint-cutting is opened on the pvc pipe circumference corresponding position according to predetermined rift direction, to control blasting direction.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the pvc pipe outer diameter 1cm, internal diameter 0.8cm, height 8cm,
Width of slit 0.1cm, powder charge 2gDDNP.
6. roadway construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition point position is corresponding super
After the second spread speed of the sound wave in post-rift rock test block further include:
Calculate rock test block damaging parameter D；
The E is the elasticity modulus before and after rock test block explosion；
Damage of rock degree is determined according to the damage variable；
According to the damage of rock degree evaluation demolition effect.
7. roadway construction method according to claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that the control directional fracture blasting parameter
It detonates to blasthole, is fractured into rock test block after two halves along predetermined direction to further include,
The plane of disruption is scanned using mobile binocular vision data collection system, obtains the plane of disruption 3-D image；
The plane of disruption 3-D image is imported in Matlab software, plane of disruption relevant parameter is calculated,
The relevant parameter includes: plane of disruption surface area S1, area S2, volume V, maximum pit depth L pit mean depth L0And
Standard deviation a；
Evaluation index characterization number function β=f (η, D, S are established according to the relevant parameter1, S2, V, L, L0, a)；
Evaluation index characterizes number function are as follows:Its
In, 0≤β≤1；
Function, which is characterized, according to the evaluation index calculates the characterization functional value of the evaluation index after rock blasting；
Functional value quantitatively evaluating Blasting is characterized according to evaluation index.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that it is quick-fried to calculate rock according to evaluation index characterization function
Include: after evaluation index characterization functional value after broken
Judge threshold range locating for the evaluation index characterization functional value；The threshold range includes: first threshold range
0.75 < β < 1,0.5 < β < 0.75 of second threshold range, 0.25 < β < 0.5 and 0 < of the 4th threshold range of third threshold range
β < 0.25；
Demolition effect is evaluated according to threshold range locating for evaluation index characterization functional value.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding ultrasonic wave of the acquisition point position is disconnected
After the second spread speed in rock test block after splitting further include:
Calculate rock test block damaging parameter D；
The E is the elasticity modulus before and after rock test block explosion；
Damage of rock degree is determined according to the damage variable；
According to the damage of rock degree evaluation demolition effect.
10. in the blasthole inner wall, being located at the method according to claim 1, wherein the blasthole is a row
Guiding groove is radially equipped with perpendicular to tier hole line；
It is extended using the lead crack in guiding groove guidance blasting process along predetermined direction.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111750750A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-10-09 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for comparing vertical and axial crack propagation efficiency of blast hole in rock blasting |
| CN112213767A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for evaluating advanced presplitting blasting effect of top plate |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111750750A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-10-09 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for comparing vertical and axial crack propagation efficiency of blast hole in rock blasting |
| CN112213767A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for evaluating advanced presplitting blasting effect of top plate |
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