CN109595382B - Multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling displacement of sliding cam - Google Patents
Multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling displacement of sliding cam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109595382B CN109595382B CN201811559411.9A CN201811559411A CN109595382B CN 109595382 B CN109595382 B CN 109595382B CN 201811559411 A CN201811559411 A CN 201811559411A CN 109595382 B CN109595382 B CN 109595382B
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- actuator
- electromagnetic
- permanent magnet
- unit
- solenoid valve
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
- F16K31/082—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet using a electromagnet and a permanent magnet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
- F16K31/0679—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor with more than one energising coil
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L2013/10—Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
- F01L2013/101—Electromagnets
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling displacement of a sliding cam, and relates to the field of electromagnetic valves. The electromagnetic valve aims to solve the problems that the traditional electromagnetic valve with multiple actuators has higher manufacturing cost and higher injection molding difficulty of a shell, and the mass of the actuator part is larger, so that the processing difficulty of the electromagnetic valve is increased, the response speed of the electromagnetic valve is reduced, and the installation space requirement is increased. The technical scheme is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein an electromagnetic unit and an actuator unit are arranged in the shell; the actuator unit comprises two actuators, and when one actuator is in an attraction state with the electromagnetic unit, the other actuator is in a repulsion state with the electromagnetic unit. The invention achieves the effects of improving response speed, reducing installation space, reducing manufacturing cost and improving reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solenoid valves, in particular to a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling the displacement of a sliding cam.
Background
In the existing cam profile multi-stage adjustable valve lift system structure of the internal combustion engine, the purpose of multi-stage valve lift adjustment is achieved by locking a cam and a cam shaft in the axial direction, controlling the cam to axially slide relative to the cam shaft and switching the cam shaft profile in contact with a tappet.
The electromagnetic valve is an actuator for controlling the displacement of the sliding cam, and pushes the plunger of the actuator to extend out according to a current signal sent by an Engine Controller (ECU), and the plunger is matched with an end face cam on the sliding cam to enable the cam to axially displace, so that cam line switching is completed, and the purpose of adjusting the valve lift is achieved.
At present, split coils are commonly adopted for respectively controlling respective actuators of the multi-actuator electromagnetic valve, and two single-actuator machines are combined together through plastic packaging or a shell, so that the manufacturing cost of the shell is high, the injection molding difficulty is high, and the mass of the actuator part is large, so that the processing difficulty of the electromagnetic valve is increased, the response speed of the electromagnetic valve is reduced, and the requirement on the installation space is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a sliding cam, which has advantages of improving response speed, reducing installation space, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving reliability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling the displacement of the sliding cam comprises a shell, wherein an electromagnetic unit and an actuator unit are arranged in the shell;
the actuator unit comprises two actuators, and when one actuator is in an attraction state with the electromagnetic unit, the other actuator is in a repulsion state with the electromagnetic unit.
Further, the electromagnetic unit comprises an iron core and an electromagnetic coil sleeved on the iron core.
Further, two electromagnetic coils are sleeved on the iron core.
Further, the two electromagnetic coils are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the iron core.
Further, the two electromagnetic coils are arranged in a sleeved mode along the radial direction of the iron core.
Further, the actuator comprises an actuator plunger, and an actuator support is arranged at one end of the actuator plunger, which is close to the electromagnetic unit;
an actuator permanent magnet ring and an actuator bottom plate positioned between the actuator permanent magnet ring and the actuator plunger are sleeved on the actuator support, and an actuator top plate contacted with the actuator permanent magnet ring is arranged at one end of the actuator support, which is far away from the actuator plunger; the magnetic pole directions of the two actuator permanent magnet rings are opposite;
the shell is internally provided with a first sliding hole matched with the actuator permanent magnet ring and a second sliding hole matched with the actuator plunger, and the outer diameter of the actuator permanent magnet ring is larger than the inner diameter of the second sliding hole.
Further, an actuator shaft sleeve is sleeved on the actuator permanent magnet ring, and two ends of the actuator shaft sleeve are respectively connected with the actuator top plate and the actuator bottom plate.
Further, the actuator sleeve is a non-magnetic sleeve.
Further, the housing includes an electromagnetic enclosure for carrying the electromagnetic unit and a guide sleeve for carrying the actuator unit.
Further, the electromagnetic shell and the guide sleeve are detachably connected.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the electromagnetic unit part adopts two electromagnetic coils, so that the reliability of electromagnetic control can be improved;
2. the electromagnetic unit adopts an integrated design, and combines the two split electromagnetic coils into an integrated electromagnetic coil with two windings, so that an additional iron core is omitted, the shell is simplified, and the effects of reducing the installation space and the manufacturing cost are achieved;
3. the permanent magnet ring of the actuator with wide temperature range is arranged at the end part of the actuator, which is close to the iron core, so that the inertia of a moving part is reduced, and the response speed is improved;
4. the outer diameter of the actuator permanent magnet ring is larger than the outer diameter of the actuator plunger, and the movement distance of the actuator can be directly controlled by controlling the length of the guide sleeve without falling, so that the control precision and reliability of the actuator can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a sliding cam according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a slide cam according to embodiment 2;
fig. 4 is a sectional view of a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a slide cam in embodiment 3.
In the figure: 11. an electromagnetic housing; 12. a plastic package rear cover; 13. a first seal ring; 2. a mounting flange; 3. an iron core; 31. a back yoke bush; 4. an electromagnetic coil; 41. a coil bobbin; 5. a guide sleeve; 51. a second seal ring; 52. a first slide hole; 53. a second slide hole; 6. an actuator; 61. an actuator plunger; 611. an actuator strut; 62. an actuator top plate; 63. an actuator permanent magnet ring; 64. an actuator sleeve; 65. an actuator base plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a slide cam includes a housing, which in this embodiment includes an electromagnetic housing 11 for carrying an electromagnetic unit, and a guide bush 5 for carrying an actuator unit; the guide sleeve 5 is sleeved with a mounting flange 2 which is in contact with the electromagnetic shell 11, in the embodiment, the guide sleeve 5, the electromagnetic shell 11 and the mounting flange 2 are detachably fixed through interference fit, and the three are sealed through solidified sealant; the guide sleeve 5 is detachably connected with the electromagnetic shell 11, so that an electromagnetic unit or an actuator unit of the electromagnetic valve can be conveniently overhauled or replaced independently.
Referring to fig. 1, the electromagnetic unit includes an iron core 3, and a coil bobbin 41 is sleeved on the iron core 3; two groups of isolated electromagnetic coils 4 are wound on the coil framework 41, and the two groups of electromagnetic coils 4 are axially arranged in parallel along the iron core 3 and have similar characteristics; a rear yoke bush 31 is fixedly sleeved at one end of the iron core 3 far away from the guide bush 5, and the rear yoke bush 31 is contacted with the inner side wall of the electromagnetic shell 11; the back yoke bush 31 and the electromagnetic shell 11 are fixed by punching at least two groups of points along the upper and lower edges of the back yoke bush 31 on the outer side wall of the electromagnetic shell 11.
Referring to fig. 1, a plastic-sealed rear cover 12 contacting with a rear yoke bush 31 is embedded at an opening of an electromagnetic housing 11, and a first sealing ring 13 is arranged between the plastic-sealed rear cover 12 and the electromagnetic housing 11, so that the tightness can be improved; the second sealing ring 51 is embedded in the outer side wall of the guide sleeve 5, so that the tightness of the guide sleeve 5 after installation can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the actuator unit includes two actuators 6, and the actuators 6 are disposed in the guide bush 5 in a penetrating manner and are movable relative to the guide bush 5; the end part of the actuator 6 protrudes out of the guide sleeve 5, so that the displacement of the sliding cam can be controlled; in this embodiment, the actuator 6 is in a rod shape as a whole and moves along the axial direction thereof, and the axis of the actuator 6 is parallel to the axis of the iron core 3, so that no or little friction is applied during the movement of the actuator 6.
Referring to fig. 2, the actuator 6 includes an actuator plunger 61, and an actuator post 611 is provided to extend from one end of the actuator plunger 61 near the core 3 (refer to fig. 1), and the diameter of the actuator post 611 is smaller than the diameter of the actuator plunger 61; the actuator support 611 is sleeved with an actuator permanent magnet ring 63, and the magnetic poles (N pole or S pole) of the actuator permanent magnet ring 63 are along the axial direction of the actuator support 611; in this embodiment, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rings 63 of the two actuators 6 are opposite, i.e. when the N pole of one actuator permanent magnet ring 63 points to the iron core 3, the S pole of the other actuator permanent magnet ring 63 points to the iron core 3.
Referring to fig. 2, an actuator base plate 65 is sleeved on the actuator post 611, and the actuator base plate 65 is positioned between the actuator permanent magnet ring 63 and the actuator plunger 61; the end of the actuator post 611 remote from the actuator plunger 61 is provided with an actuator top plate 62 in contact with an actuator permanent magnet ring 63, the outer diameters of the actuator top plate 62, the actuator permanent magnet ring 63 and the actuator bottom plate 65 being the same in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2, an actuator sleeve 64 is sleeved on an actuator permanent magnet ring 63, and two ends of the actuator sleeve 64 are respectively connected with an actuator top plate 62 and an actuator bottom plate 65; the actuator top plate 62, the actuator shaft sleeve 64, the actuator bottom plate 65 and the actuator post 611 are fixed by laser welding in this embodiment; the material of the actuator sleeve 64 is stainless steel or other non-magnetic materials, so that on one hand, the brittle actuator permanent magnet ring 63 can be prevented from peeling off, on the other hand, two stages of the actuator permanent magnet ring 63 can be separated to prevent magnetic short circuit, the magnetic switching which is very safe and reliable is ensured, and the holding force of two switching positions is maximized.
Referring to fig. 2, two sets of first sliding holes 52 and second sliding holes 53 which are communicated are arranged in the guide sleeve 5 in a penetrating manner; the first slide hole 52 is for carrying the actuator post 611 portion and the second slide hole 53 is for carrying the actuator plunger 61; the outer diameter of the actuator shaft sleeve 64 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sliding hole 52, the outer diameter of the actuator plunger 61 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second sliding hole 53, and the actuator 6 can move relative to the guide sleeve 5; the outer diameter of the actuator bottom plate 65 is larger than the inner diameter of the second sliding hole 53, so that the movement distance of the actuator 6 can be directly controlled through the length of the actuator permanent magnet ring 63, the actuator 6 cannot be separated from the guide sleeve 5, and the connection is simpler and more reliable.
The working principle is as follows:
the direction of the magnetic field of the core 3 in the electromagnetic unit depends on the excitation of the electromagnetic coil 4, which magnetic field generates an attractive or repulsive force acting on the actuator permanent magnet ring 63.
If the current supplied by one of the solenoid valves 4 causes a magnetic field of the same polarity to be formed on one side of one of the actuator permanent magnet rings 63 in the actuator unit, a repulsive force is generated between the actuator 6 and the iron core 3, so that the actuator 6 moves in a direction away from the iron core 3.
At the same time, the current supplied by the electromagnetic coil 4 forms a magnetic field of opposite polarity on the other actuator permanent magnet ring 63 side of the actuator unit, and an attractive force is generated between the actuator 6 and the iron core 3 to maintain the attracted state.
If the polarity of the current supply of the solenoid 4 is changed or the current is supplied to another solenoid 4 in the solenoid unit, the above-described movements are reversed; in this way, the control of both actuators 6 can be accomplished by simply changing the direction of the current or energizing different solenoids 4. The energizing of the different solenoid coils 4 can improve the reliability of the solenoid valve compared to changing the current direction.
Example 2:
a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a sliding cam, referring to fig. 3, based on embodiment 1, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: the electromagnetic shell 11 and the guide sleeve 5 are integrally formed, so that the shell has good stability.
Example 3:
a multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling displacement of a sliding cam, referring to fig. 4, based on embodiment 2, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that: two sets of electromagnetic coils 4 are arranged radially in a stacked manner along the iron core 3, i.e. one set of electromagnetic coils 4 is located between the iron core 3 and the other electromagnetic coil 4.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling the displacement of a sliding cam, characterized by: the electromagnetic device comprises a shell, wherein an electromagnetic unit and an actuator unit are arranged in the shell;
the actuator unit comprises two actuators (6), wherein when one actuator (6) is in a suction state with the electromagnetic unit, the other actuator (6) is in a rejection state with the electromagnetic unit;
the actuator (6) comprises an actuator plunger (61), and an actuator post (611) is arranged at one end of the actuator plunger (61) close to the electromagnetic unit;
an actuator permanent magnet ring (63) and an actuator bottom plate (65) positioned between the actuator permanent magnet ring (63) and the actuator plunger (61) are sleeved on the actuator support column (611), and an actuator top plate (62) contacted with the actuator permanent magnet ring (63) is arranged at one end of the actuator support column (611) far away from the actuator plunger (61); wherein the magnetic pole directions of the two actuator permanent magnet rings (63) are opposite;
a first sliding hole (52) matched with the actuator permanent magnet ring (63) and a second sliding hole (53) matched with the actuator plunger (61) are formed in the shell, and the outer diameter of the actuator permanent magnet ring (63) is larger than the inner diameter of the second sliding hole (53).
2. The multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic unit comprises an iron core (3) and an electromagnetic coil (4) sleeved on the iron core (3).
3. The multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement of claim 2, wherein: two electromagnetic coils (4) are sleeved on the iron core (3).
4. A multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement according to claim 3, wherein: the two electromagnetic coils (4) are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the iron core (3).
5. A multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement according to claim 3, wherein: the two electromagnetic coils (4) are radially sleeved along the iron core (3).
6. The multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement of claim 1, wherein: an actuator shaft sleeve (64) is sleeved on the actuator permanent magnet ring (63), and two ends of the actuator shaft sleeve (64) are respectively connected with the actuator top plate (62) and the actuator bottom plate (65).
7. The multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement of claim 6, wherein: the actuator sleeve (64) is a sleeve of non-magnetic material.
8. The multi-actuator solenoid valve controlling sliding cam displacement of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the housing comprises an electromagnetic housing (11) for carrying the electromagnetic unit and a guide sleeve (5) for carrying the actuator unit.
9. The multi-actuator solenoid valve for controlling sliding cam displacement of claim 8, wherein: the electromagnetic shell (11) and the guide sleeve (5) are detachably connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811559411.9A CN109595382B (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling displacement of sliding cam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811559411.9A CN109595382B (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling displacement of sliding cam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109595382A CN109595382A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
| CN109595382B true CN109595382B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811559411.9A Active CN109595382B (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Multi-actuator electromagnetic valve for controlling displacement of sliding cam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109595382B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114439568B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2023-05-16 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Solenoid valve, variable valve lift control system and variable valve lift control method |
| CN114483244B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-09-22 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic actuator for variable valve lift camshaft and vehicle |
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| CN106594364A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-04-26 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic valve with two-channel structure |
| CN106762006A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-31 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic actuator suitable for engine cam shift system |
| CN209511244U (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-10-18 | 海力达汽车系统（常熟）有限公司 | A kind of multi executors solenoid valve of control sliding cam displacement |
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2018
- 2018-12-19 CN CN201811559411.9A patent/CN109595382B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005016640A (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Solenoid valve |
| JP2005155794A (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-06-16 | Denso Corp | Linear actuator |
| CN101499354A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-05 | 西门子公司 | Electromagnetic performer |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109595382A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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