CN109592715A - A method of using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide - Google Patents

A method of using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide Download PDF

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CN109592715A
CN109592715A CN201811568684.XA CN201811568684A CN109592715A CN 109592715 A CN109592715 A CN 109592715A CN 201811568684 A CN201811568684 A CN 201811568684A CN 109592715 A CN109592715 A CN 109592715A
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manganese
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terephthalic acid
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CN109592715B (en
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李淑妮
袁彦凯
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Shaanxi Normal University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as the method for presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide, this method is using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma, select potassium permanganate as oxidant, using thermal method, by adjusting pH, temperature and the molar ratio of potassium permanganate and presoma, to obtain the manganese oxide of different types of structure.Preparation method of the present invention is simple, and reaction condition is mild, the abundant and stable cellular structure using complex, it can be achieved that various structures manganese oxide (such as: cryptomelane α-MnO2, pyrolusite β-MnO2, nsutite γ-MnO2, birnessite δ-MnO2, hausmannite) controllable preparation, be a kind of very promising preparation method.

Description

One kind is aoxidized using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure The method of manganese
Technical field
The invention belongs to manganese oxide preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma The method for preparing different structure manganese oxide by hydro-thermal method.
Background technique
Manganese oxide belongs to both sexes transition metal oxide, is deposited under room temperature with highly stable black or brown powder solid ?.The basic structural unit for constituting manganese oxide crystal is MnO6Octahedron, this octahedra 6 oxygen atom and octahedron by vertex 1 manganese atom at center is coordinated to be formed.Adjacent MnO6It connects to form a variety of knots in a manner of total rib or corner-sharing between octahedron The manganese oxide crystal of structure.Although the basic structural unit for constituting manganese oxide crystal is identical, due to MnO6Octahedra connection type Difference, manganese oxide crystal have various structures, such as: cryptomelane α-MnO2(2 × 2 tunnel type), pyrolusite β-MnO2(1 × 1 tunnel Type), nsutite γ-MnO2(tunnel type of 1 × 1+2 × 1), birnessite δ-MnO2(stratiform, there are H for interlayer2O), hausmannite (Mn3O4) etc..In recent years, aoxidize manganese material preparation method mainly have solution technique, solid-bed break-up method, hydrothermal/solvent thermal method, Sol-gel method, microemulsion method, chemical precipitation method etc., chemical vapour deposition technique etc., but water is used by presoma of complex The method that heat/solvent-thermal method prepares manganese oxide is not reported also.
Coordination polymer is due to, there are strong interaction, making its structure between metal ion or metal cluster and organic ligand High stability, and there is unique space net structure, huge diameter distribution.Nowadays there are many using complex as presoma Carbon/oxide correlative study of preparation, preparation method mostly use calcination method, it is forged under the action of the protective gas such as nitrogen It burns, the elements such as hydrogen-oxygen leave complex material by gas form, and carbon skeleton remains, and are formed using carbon as the hole of skeleton. Calcination method reacts more demanding temperature, may destroy original skeleton of complex, and reaction condition is single, product species It is single.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind to prepare difference by hydro-thermal method using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma The method of structure manganese oxide.
For above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate It is added in deionized water for 1:0.25~2.00 in molar ratio, and with sour or adjusting PH with base=1~13, in confined conditions 80~ 120 DEG C are reacted 2~5 days, are cooled to room temperature, and obtained solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, are obtained Manganese oxide;
It is in molar ratio that 1:0.5~2.00 add by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate in above-mentioned preparation method Enter in deionized water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=3~11, in confined conditions 80~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to often Temperature, obtained solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains 2 × 2 tunnel type α-MnO2
It is in molar ratio that 1:0.25~1.00 add by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate in above-mentioned preparation method Enter in deionized water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=0.5~1, in confined conditions 110~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to often Temperature, obtained solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains 1 × 1 tunnel type β-MnO2
It is in molar ratio that 1:0.25~0.50 adds by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate in above-mentioned preparation method Enter in deionized water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=0.5~1, in confined conditions 80~100 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to often Temperature, obtained solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains the tunnel type γ of 1 × 1+2 × 1-MnO2
It is in molar ratio that 1:0.50~2.00 add by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate in above-mentioned preparation method Enter in deionized water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=12~13, in confined conditions 80~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to often Temperature, obtained solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains stratiform δ-MnO2
It is in molar ratio that 1:0.25~0.35 adds by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate in above-mentioned preparation method Enter in deionized water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=3~11, in confined conditions 85~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to often Temperature, obtained solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains Mn3O4
The structural unit of above-mentioned two hydrations terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese is Mn (C8H4O4)(H2O)2, it is according to document “Terephthalate salts of dipositive cations,Acta Crystallographica.(2002).B58, Method disclosed in 815-822 " is prepared.
Above-mentioned acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, any one in acetic acid;Alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, any one in ammonium hydroxide Kind.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention prepares manganese oxide by hydro-thermal method using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma, abundant using presoma And stable cellular structure makes the structure species of product manganese oxide have a possibility that more;The utilization of hydro-thermal method is so that reaction item Part is milder, is conducive to the Mn in oxidant potassium permanganate in-situ oxidation precursor construction2+, and may be implemented to reaction item The adjusting of part (pH, temperature etc.) regulates and controls the performance of product to effectively improve the type of product, is a kind of very promising Preparation method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cryptomelane α-MnO of Examples 1 to 8 preparation2Powder x-ray diffraction figure.
Fig. 2 is cryptomelane α-MnO prepared by embodiment 72Flied emission electron microscope.
Fig. 3 is pyrolusite β-MnO prepared by embodiment 9 and 102Powder x-ray diffraction figure.
Fig. 4 is pyrolusite β-MnO prepared by embodiment 102Flied emission electron microscope.
Fig. 5 is nsutite γ-MnO prepared by embodiment 11 and 122Powder x-ray diffraction figure.
Fig. 6 is birnessite δ-MnO prepared by embodiment 13~162Powder x-ray diffraction figure.
Fig. 7 is hausmannite Mn prepared by embodiment 17~193O4Powder x-ray diffraction figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to These embodiments.
Embodiment 1
0.025g (0.157mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=3 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 85 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2.By Fig. 1 It is found that the powder x-ray diffraction curve and standard PDF card of products therefrom coincide, illustrate that product is cryptomelane.
Embodiment 2
0.025g (0.157mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese, 10mL Deionized water is added in the vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, is uniformly mixed, in confined conditions 85 DEG C of standing reactions 3.5 days, room temperature is naturally cooled to, pours out supernatant liquor, the solid product of bottom is washed with 0.1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution After washing, being centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2(see Fig. 1).
Embodiment 3
0.050g (0.314mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=9 is added, is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 85 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2(see figure 1)。
Embodiment 4
0.099g (0.628mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=11 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 85 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/ of bottom After L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2(see Fig. 1).
Embodiment 5
0.099g (0.628mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=3 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 120 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2(see figure 1)。
Embodiment 6
0.025g (0.157mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=5 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 120 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2(see figure 1)。
Embodiment 7
0.050g (0.314mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese, 10mL Deionized water is added in the vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, is uniformly mixed, in confined conditions 120 DEG C of standing reactions 3.5 days, room temperature is naturally cooled to, pours out supernatant liquor, the solid product of bottom is washed with 0.1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution After washing, being centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α-MnO2(see Fig. 1).It is sent out from field shown in Fig. 2 Penetrating electron microscope can be seen that its pattern is elongated rodlike.
Embodiment 8
0.050g (0.314mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=11 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 120 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, the solid product of bottom is used After 0.1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 2 × 2 tunnel type cryptomelane α- MnO2(see Fig. 1).
Embodiment 9
0.0125g (0.079mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=1 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 120 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 1 × 1 tunnel type pyrolusite β-MnO2.By Fig. 3 It is found that the powder x-ray diffraction curve and standard PDF card of products therefrom coincide, illustrate that product is pyrolusite.
Embodiment 10
0.050g (0.314mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=1 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 120 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain 1 × 1 tunnel type pyrolusite β-MnO2(see figure 3).It can be seen that its pattern is irregular and approximate cuboid from Flied emission electron microscope shown in Fig. 4.
Embodiment 11
0.0125g (0.079mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=1 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 85 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain the tunnel type nsutite of 1 × 1+2 × 1 γ- MnO2.As shown in Figure 5, the powder x-ray diffraction curve of products therefrom and standard PDF card coincide, and illustrate that product is six Fang Meng Mine.
Embodiment 12
0.025g (0.157mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=1 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 85 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/ of bottom After LNaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain the tunnel type nsutite of 1 × 1+2 × 1 γ- MnO2(see Fig. 5).
Embodiment 13
0.025g (0.157mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=13 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 85 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/ of bottom After L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain stratiform birnessite δ-MnO2.It can by Fig. 6 Know, the powder x-ray diffraction curve and standard PDF card of products therefrom coincide, and illustrate that product is birnessite.
Embodiment 14
0.050g (0.314mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=13 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 85 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/ of bottom After L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain stratiform birnessite δ-MnO2(see Fig. 6).
Embodiment 15
0.025g (0.157mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=13 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 120 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, the solid product of bottom is used After 0.1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain stratiform birnessite δ-MnO2 (see Fig. 6).
Embodiment 16
0.099g (0.628mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=13 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 120 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, the solid product of bottom is used After 0.1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain stratiform birnessite δ-MnO2 (see Fig. 6).
Embodiment 17
0.0125g (0.079mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the H of 10mL pH=3 is added2SO4Aqueous solution is uniformly mixed, in closed item The lower 85 DEG C of standings of part are reacted 3.5 days, are naturally cooled to room temperature, are poured out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/L of bottom After NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain hausmannite Mn3O4.As shown in Figure 7, gained produces The powder x-ray diffraction curve and standard PDF card of object coincide, and illustrate that product is hausmannite.
Embodiment 18
By 0.0125g (0.079mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two be hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese, 10mL deionized water is added in the vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, is uniformly mixed, in confined conditions 85 DEG C of standings Reaction 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, by the solid product of bottom with 0.1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution into After row washing, centrifugation, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain hausmannite Mn3O4(see Fig. 7).
Embodiment 19
0.0125g (0.079mmol) potassium permanganate and 0.080g (0.314mmol) two are hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese to be added In vial with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lid, the NaOH aqueous solution of 10mL pH=11 is added, is uniformly mixed, closed Under the conditions of 85 DEG C of standings react 3.5 days, naturally cool to room temperature, pour out supernatant liquor, by the solid product 0.1mol/ of bottom After L NaOH aqueous solution is washed, is centrifuged, dries at 60 DEG C to constant weight, obtain hausmannite Mn3O4(see Fig. 7).

Claims (8)

1. a kind of using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as the method for presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide, feature exists In:
By two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate in molar ratio it is that 1:0.25~2.00 is added in deionized water, and with sour Or adjusting PH with base=1~13, it reacts 2~5 days for 80~120 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature in confined conditions, obtained solid product warp It is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtain manganese oxide;
The structural unit of above-mentioned two hydrations terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese is Mn (C8H4O4)(H2O)2
2. according to claim 1 using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide Method, it is characterised in that: be hydrated terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese for two and potassium permanganate is that deionization is added in 1:0.5~2.00 in molar ratio In water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=3~11, in confined conditions 80~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to room temperature, gained is solid Body product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains 2 × 2 tunnel type α-MnO2
3. according to claim 1 using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide Method, it is characterised in that: by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate be in molar ratio 1:0.25~1.00 addition go from In sub- water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=0.5~1, in confined conditions 110~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to room temperature, institute It is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing to obtain solid product, obtains 1 × 1 tunnel type β-MnO2
4. according to claim 1 using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide Method, it is characterised in that: by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate be in molar ratio 1:0.25~0.50 addition go from In sub- water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=0.5~1, in confined conditions 80~100 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to room temperature, gained Solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains the tunnel type γ of 1 × 1+2 × 1-MnO2
5. according to claim 1 using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide Method, it is characterised in that: by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate be in molar ratio 1:0.50~2.00 addition go from In sub- water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=12~13, in confined conditions 80~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to room temperature, gained Solid product is dry after 0.1mol/LNaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains stratiform δ-MnO2
6. according to claim 1 using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese as presoma controllable preparation different structure manganese oxide Method, it is characterised in that: by two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese and potassium permanganate be in molar ratio 1:0.25~0.35 addition go from In sub- water, and with acid or adjusting PH with base=3~11, in confined conditions 85~120 DEG C react 2~5 days, be cooled to room temperature, gained Solid product is dry after 0.1mol/L NaOH solution centrifuge washing, obtains Mn3O4
7. different as presoma controllable preparation using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese described in any one according to claim 1~6 The method of structure manganese oxide, it is characterised in that: the acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, any one in acetic acid.
8. different as presoma controllable preparation using two hydration terephthalic acid (TPA) manganese described in any one according to claim 1~6 The method of structure manganese oxide, it is characterised in that: the alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, any one in ammonium hydroxide.
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CN112768713A (en) * 2021-01-09 2021-05-07 南开大学 Carbon-loaded delta-MnO for aluminum-air battery2Catalyst and preparation method of air electrode

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