CN109590474B - A nozzle air pressure regulating device capable of improving sealing performance - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种能够改善密封性能的喷嘴气压调节装置，属于增材制造技术领域。包括：喷嘴装置、供气装置两大部分，喷嘴装置主要由石墨坩埚组成，包括下密封道、传感器腔体、下定位孔、喷腔、石墨坩埚、喷孔；供气装置主要由上部供气盖组成，包括进气口、调节螺杆、出气口、上定位孔、传感器螺纹孔、上密封道。在高温金属微滴喷射过程中，对于装置密封性能差且出口气压调节困难的状况，该气动式按需喷射装置可以通过简单快捷的密封方式，来实现喷腔内稳定压力的效果，还可以对出口处压力大小进行准确调节，能够满足不同条件下的工作要求。
The invention discloses a nozzle air pressure adjusting device capable of improving sealing performance, belonging to the technical field of additive manufacturing. It includes two parts: nozzle device and gas supply device. The nozzle device is mainly composed of graphite crucible, including lower sealing channel, sensor cavity, lower positioning hole, spray cavity, graphite crucible and spray hole; the gas supply device is mainly composed of upper gas supply The cover consists of an air inlet, an adjusting screw, an air outlet, an upper positioning hole, a sensor threaded hole, and an upper sealing channel. In the process of high-temperature metal droplet spraying, for the condition that the sealing performance of the device is poor and the outlet air pressure is difficult to adjust, the pneumatic on-demand spray device can achieve the effect of stabilizing the pressure in the spray chamber through a simple and fast sealing method, and can also The pressure at the outlet can be accurately adjusted to meet the working requirements under different conditions.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种可用于微滴喷射过程中改善密封性能的喷嘴气压调节装置，属于增材制造技术领域。The invention relates to a nozzle air pressure adjusting device which can be used for improving sealing performance in the process of droplet spraying, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing.
背景技术Background technique
金属微滴喷射增材制造技术是基于喷墨打印原理发展的一种3D 打印技术。基于“离散-叠加”的成形原理，先控制液态金属生成均匀微滴，然后通过基板的运动使微滴沉积在基板的特定位置，实现逐点、逐层地堆积形成复杂的三维实体结构。该技术具有工艺流程简单、生产成本低和成形件致密度高、力学性能好等优点，在微小金属零件快速成形、柔性电路打印、微电子封装等领域都具有广阔的应用前景，尤其在特种系统中微小零部件的维修和更换，以及结构复杂、材料利用率低或小批量的零部件制造等方面具有明显的应用优势。Metal droplet jet additive manufacturing technology is a 3D printing technology developed based on the principle of inkjet printing. Based on the "discrete-superposition" forming principle, the liquid metal is first controlled to generate uniform droplets, and then the droplets are deposited on a specific position of the substrate through the movement of the substrate to achieve point-by-point and layer-by-layer accumulation to form a complex three-dimensional solid structure. This technology has the advantages of simple process flow, low production cost, high density of formed parts, and good mechanical properties. It has broad application prospects in the fields of rapid prototyping of tiny metal parts, flexible circuit printing, and microelectronic packaging, especially in special systems. It has obvious application advantages in the maintenance and replacement of small and medium components, as well as the manufacturing of components with complex structure, low material utilization rate or small batches.
现有的非金属材料微滴喷射技术已经较为成熟，但金属材料熔点高、粘性和表面张力大等特性，使得现有的非金属材料喷射装置及控制方法很难直接用于金属材料的喷射和沉积成形。现有的气动式按需喷射装置由于需要在高温条件下进行，使得许多低温条件下的密封和调节装置无法正常使用，因此对于装置的密封条件和材料选择提出了更高的要求。为了提高金属微滴喷射增材制造技术中成形件的致密度、降低其表面粗糙度，需要进一步提高实验装置的精确度，对于控制生成参数的调节方式必须做到准确可控，进而能够提高生成尺寸更小且均匀稳定的金属微滴，以提高成形件的质量。The existing non-metallic material droplet spraying technology has been relatively mature, but the characteristics of high melting point, viscosity and surface tension of metal materials make it difficult for the existing non-metallic material spraying device and control method to be directly used for the spraying and control of metal materials. Deposition forming. The existing pneumatic on-demand spray devices need to be carried out under high temperature conditions, so that many sealing and adjustment devices under low temperature conditions cannot be used normally. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the sealing conditions and material selection of the device. In order to improve the density of the formed parts and reduce the surface roughness of the metal droplet injection additive manufacturing technology, the accuracy of the experimental device needs to be further improved, and the adjustment method for controlling the generation parameters must be accurate and controllable, which can improve the production process. Smaller, uniform and stable metal droplets to improve the quality of formed parts.
目前，在金属微滴喷射增材制造技术中，气动式生成方式由于对密封性要求较高，需要能够密封效果好且调节方便的装置，从而来提高成形件的质量，加快金属微滴喷射增材制造技术的发展。At present, in the metal droplet spraying additive manufacturing technology, the pneumatic generation method requires a device with good sealing effect and convenient adjustment due to its high sealing performance, so as to improve the quality of the formed parts and accelerate the metal droplet spraying increase. The development of material manufacturing technology.
因此，本发明提出一种用于微滴喷射过程中改善密封性能的喷嘴气压调节装置。Therefore, the present invention provides a nozzle air pressure adjusting device for improving sealing performance during droplet ejection.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对背景技术中的问题，本发明提供了一种用于微滴喷射过程中改善密封性能的喷嘴气压调节装置，该装置可以完成气动装置喷射时提高密封性且能够方便调节出口压力的功能，对于实际生产中克服高温气体压力调节困难等问题具有重要意义，装置操作简单，使用范围广，具有较高的科研应用价值，其采用的技术方案如下：In view of the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a nozzle air pressure adjusting device for improving the sealing performance in the process of droplet spraying. It is of great significance to overcome the difficulties of high temperature gas pressure adjustment in actual production. The device is simple to operate, has a wide range of use, and has high scientific research application value. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:
本发明所采用的技术方案为一种用于微滴喷射过程中改善密封性能的喷嘴气压调节装置，包括喷嘴装置、供气装置两大部分，喷嘴装置包括下密封道(7)、传感器腔体(8)、下定位孔(9)、喷腔(10)、石墨坩埚(11)和喷孔(12)；供气装置为上部供气盖(13)，上部供气盖(13)包括进气口(1)、调节螺杆(2)、出气口(3)、上定位孔 (4)、传感器螺纹孔(5)和上密封道(6)。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a nozzle air pressure adjusting device for improving sealing performance in the process of droplet spraying, comprising two parts: a nozzle device and an air supply device, and the nozzle device includes a lower sealing channel (7), a sensor cavity (8), a lower positioning hole (9), a spray cavity (10), a graphite crucible (11) and a spray hole (12); the gas supply device is an upper gas supply cover (13), and the upper gas supply cover (13) includes an inlet An air port (1), an adjusting screw (2), an air outlet (3), an upper positioning hole (4), a sensor threaded hole (5) and an upper sealing channel (6).
石墨坩埚(11)通过螺栓连接将四个上定位孔(4)和上部供气盖(13)上的四个下定位孔(9)固定，上密封道(6)设置在上部供气盖(13)的内壁，下密封道(7)设置在上部供气盖(13)的内壁；上密封道(6)与下密封道(7)相对应。The graphite crucible (11) is bolted to fix the four upper positioning holes (4) and the four lower positioning holes (9) on the upper gas supply cover (13), and the upper sealing channel (6) is arranged on the upper gas supply cover (13). 13), the lower sealing channel (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the upper air supply cover (13); the upper sealing channel (6) corresponds to the lower sealing channel (7).
石墨坩埚(11)与上部供气盖(13)连接面之间的上密封道(6) 与下密封道(7)注入耐高温密封胶；喷腔(10)设置在石墨坩埚(11) 的中间，喷腔(10)的断面为锥形结构，喷腔(10)与进气口(1) 相对；喷孔(12)位于石墨坩埚(11)的底部凸台中心。石墨坩埚(11) 的内部设有单独的传感器腔体(8)，传感器腔体(8)中用于放置温度传感器。上部供气盖(13)设有传感器螺纹孔(5)用于固定温度传感器。进气口(1)用于连接进气管并与出气口(3)连通，出气口 (3)与调节螺杆(2)相配合，实现出气量的大小调节。The upper sealing channel (6) and the lower sealing channel (7) between the graphite crucible (11) and the connection surface of the upper gas supply cover (13) are injected with high temperature resistant sealant; In the middle, the cross section of the spray chamber (10) is a conical structure, and the spray chamber (10) is opposite to the air inlet (1); the spray hole (12) is located at the center of the bottom boss of the graphite crucible (11). A separate sensor cavity (8) is arranged inside the graphite crucible (11), and the temperature sensor is placed in the sensor cavity (8). The upper air supply cover (13) is provided with a sensor thread hole (5) for fixing the temperature sensor. The air inlet (1) is used to connect the air inlet pipe and communicate with the air outlet (3), and the air outlet (3) cooperates with the adjusting screw (2) to realize the size adjustment of the air outlet.
工作过程中，由上部进气口对喷腔(10)内的液态高温金属施加气压脉冲，下部喷孔(12)出口处液体被挤压克服表面张力等因素形成金属微滴，完成喷射过程。同时，出气口(3)与调节螺杆(2)配合，来调节出气量大小，能够满足不同实验条件下的压力调节。上部设有传感器接入口能够及时观测喷腔(10)内的温度变化。During the working process, air pressure pulses are applied to the liquid high temperature metal in the spray chamber (10) from the upper air inlet, and the liquid at the outlet of the lower spray hole (12) is squeezed to overcome surface tension and other factors to form metal droplets to complete the spraying process. At the same time, the air outlet (3) cooperates with the adjusting screw (2) to adjust the air output, which can meet the pressure regulation under different experimental conditions. The upper part is provided with a sensor access port so that the temperature change in the spray chamber (10) can be observed in time.
在金属微滴喷射增材制造中，高温条件下对气动装置的密封性和材料性能提出更高的要求，该按需喷射装置通过简单高效的耐高温密封胶密封方式和耐高温的气压调节装置，来实现微滴稳定喷射的效果，有效提高了成型精度，能够满足不同条件下的工作要求。In metal droplet injection additive manufacturing, higher requirements are placed on the tightness and material properties of pneumatic devices under high temperature conditions. , to achieve the effect of stable spraying of droplets, effectively improve the forming accuracy, and meet the working requirements under different conditions.
与现有技术相比较，本发明具有如下有益效果。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.
1、该发明设计合理、结构简单、便于加工和安装，有助于提高整个装置的使用寿命和喷射效果。1. The invention has reasonable design, simple structure, easy processing and installation, and helps to improve the service life and spraying effect of the entire device.
2、装置能够解决高温条件下存在的密封性差等问题，合理的结构设计既保证了密封性，又操作简单，便于装置的使用。2. The device can solve the problems of poor sealing under high temperature conditions. The reasonable structure design not only ensures the sealing, but also has simple operation and is convenient for the use of the device.
3、喷嘴结构通过螺栓和密封胶与供气装置连接，设计的结构便于更换，可以有效避免装置堵塞等问题，便于维修。3. The nozzle structure is connected with the air supply device through bolts and sealants. The designed structure is easy to replace, which can effectively avoid problems such as device blockage and facilitate maintenance.
4、本装置前期已经验证腔体内部结构对气压脉冲的变化影响较大，因此本装置内置温度传感器将放置于特定的传感器腔体内，减少了熔融金属腔体内的气压波动，避免了液滴喷出后的偏斜现象。4. In the early stage of the device, it has been verified that the internal structure of the cavity has a great influence on the change of the air pressure pulse. Therefore, the built-in temperature sensor of the device will be placed in a specific sensor cavity, which reduces the air pressure fluctuation in the molten metal cavity and avoids droplet spraying. skew phenomenon after exit.
5、出气口增加的调节螺杆，可以承受高温环境下的气压调节工作，提高使用寿命。5. The adjustment screw added to the air outlet can withstand the air pressure adjustment work in the high temperature environment and improve the service life.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明整体的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
图2是本发明的供气装置示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the air supply device of the present invention.
图3是本发明的喷嘴装置示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the nozzle device of the present invention.
图4是本发明的喷孔局部示意图。Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the nozzle hole of the present invention.
图中：1.进气口2.调节螺杆3.出气口4.上定位孔5.传感器螺纹孔6.上密封道7.下密封道8.传感器腔体9.下定位孔10.喷腔11.石墨坩埚12.喷孔13.供气盖。In the figure: 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
a)由于需要保证腔体内部的气压稳定，因此对密封性有很高的要求，同时要满足在高温条件下工作，所以采用螺栓紧固和密封胶相配合的方式进行密封。a) Since it is necessary to ensure the stable air pressure inside the cavity, there is a high requirement for sealing, and at the same time, it needs to work under high temperature conditions, so it is sealed by bolting and sealing.
b)为减小气动喷头工作过程中的能量耗散，保证气压作用于熔融金属液面的稳定性，所加工的喷嘴锥角要小于90°，长径比为1。b) In order to reduce the energy dissipation in the working process of the pneumatic nozzle and ensure the stability of the air pressure acting on the molten metal liquid level, the cone angle of the processed nozzle should be less than 90°, and the aspect ratio should be 1.
c)为保证气动喷头和喷嘴的使用寿命，材料均为耐高温的不锈钢加工而成。c) In order to ensure the service life of pneumatic nozzles and nozzles, the materials are made of high temperature resistant stainless steel.
d)为提高气动喷头喷射效果，喷腔(10)的腔体体积设置为直径20mm，高度50mm的圆柱腔体，腔体的体积大小能够便于气压集中，提高喷射效率。d) In order to improve the spraying effect of the pneumatic nozzle, the cavity volume of the spray cavity (10) is set as a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of 20mm and a height of 50mm. The volume of the cavity can facilitate the concentration of air pressure and improve the spraying efficiency.
e)该装置喷嘴喷腔内部设有直径为6毫米的温度传感器专有的孔道，既能接触被测量的熔融的金属，又不影响腔体内部的压力变化，从而能够促进液滴的生成。e) The nozzle cavity of the device is provided with a dedicated orifice for a temperature sensor with a diameter of 6 mm, which can not only contact the molten metal to be measured, but also does not affect the pressure change inside the cavity, thereby promoting the generation of droplets.
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| CN102528062A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 上海应用技术学院 | Full-sealed gas atomization powder preparation device capable of preventing blockage of nozzle and flow guide tube caused by metal and alloy |
| CN107486347A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-12-19 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of drive device prepared for conducting liquid droplet |
| CN108380884A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-10 | 陈锦华 | 3d printing device |
| CN108838399A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 西北工业大学 | Homogeneous metal droplet varied angle steering injection apparatus and the method for printing high inclination-angle structural member using the device |
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