CN109587698A - A kind of modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force - Google Patents
A kind of modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
- H04W16/20—Network planning tools for indoor coverage or short range network deployment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
- H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
- H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
- H04W52/365—Power headroom reporting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
One kind being based on the modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force, comprising the following steps: (1) the multiple oriented sensor nodes of random placement in monitoring region；(2) the center of mass point c of each node is calculatedi, initial position(3) to node siCalculating its all neighbor node is set ψi；(4) the modified energy saving covering method of fictitious force；(5) node rotates decision；(6) calculate node siIt is directed toward corresponding center of mass point ciVector and unitization, obtain node siFinal perceived direction information, obtains the output collection in node perceived direction.The present invention, to reach the target of node energy consumption equilibrium, extends the cover time of whole network in the case where making every effort to region overlay increased quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to directional sensor network, area monitoring is covered in especially a kind of directional sensor network and is saved
The method that can optimize.
Technical background
Oriented sensor such as video, infrared, ultrasonic sensor etc. have to multimedia messages such as data, image and videos
Acquisition, transmission and processing capacity.The visualizing monitor of this kind of sensor has the features such as convenience, intuitive, informative.
It is set to be used widely in terms of industrial or agricultural, military, monitoring security protection and environmental monitoring in recent years, before there is development well
Scape.
Region overlay control is an important research hot spot in directional sensor network, however oriented sensor is different from
Traditional sensors, since the ken by equipment of itself is limited, sensing range is one using node as the center of circle, and radius is perception
The fan-shaped region of distance, a certain moment can only perceive a direction and other directions are then coverage holes, so traditional region
Coverage optimization algorithm is not suitable for oriented sensor.And the covering method of sensor perceived direction is adjusted using virtual potential field then
The coverage rate in region can be effectively improved, optimizes area monitoring quality, but also bring along another problem simultaneously.Usual oriented biography
Sensor all has certain energy, and the difference for often rotating angle then will lead to each node energy consumption unevenness, and respective nodes are because of energy
Amount has consumed and premature death, then can cause the too early paralysis of whole network, be unable to reach the purpose of area monitoring.
Therefore, how directional sensor network is promoted to the coverage rate of area monitoring using fictitious force and keeps node energy consumption equal
Weighing apparatus, maximization network life span become a problem in the urgent need to address.
Region overlay quality and energy consumption balance are solved the problems, such as by directional sensor network, there are many different schemes,
A kind of method is to increase oriented sensor node quantity, covering subset as much as possible is found, when each subset meets one section
Between region overlay, although this method can solve covering problem to essence, its implementation is at high cost.Method also be according to
According to region overlay optimization algorithm and node energy consumption index is combined, optimisation strategy is designed, to make the rotation of sensor perceived direction
The covering quality of lifting region on taking into account energy consumption balance reaches the monitoring effect that quality is high, life span is long.So node
Energy consumption index and perceived direction rational management at problem key, it is a kind of take into account node energy consumption optimization of region covering
Algorithm has great significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome, existing directional sensor network is poor to area monitoring effect, covering quality is low, network life cycle
Shorter deficiency, the present invention are provided in a kind of directional sensor network based on the modified sensor power saving covering method of fictitious force,
The perceived direction of node can be rotated using fictitious force appropriateness while taking into account node energy consumption, improve monitoring section
The covering quality in domain.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
One kind being based on the modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force, and the method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) the multiple oriented sensor nodes of random placement in monitoring region, are numbered S=to oriented sensor node
{Si| i=1,2 ..., n }, each oriented sensor node is by six element group representation Si=< Pi, R, α, θ, ω, E0>, respectively indicate section
Point position, the perception radius perceive visual angle, perceived direction angle, angular velocity of rotation and node primary power；
(2) the center of mass point c of each node is calculatedi, initial positionIts center of mass point position be on fan-shaped symmetry axis and with circle
The heart distance 2R sin α of α/3, one and only one center of mass point of each sensor node are corresponding to it, the adjustment in node perceived direction
The mass center for being changed into its fan-shaped region moves in a circle around node；
(3) to node siCalculating its all neighbor node is set ψi, M indicate neighbor node set in element number, when
And if only if oriented sensor node siAnd sjBetween Euclidean distance when being not more than twice of node perceived radius R, the two is adjacent each other
Occupy node；
(4) the modified energy saving covering method of fictitious force, process are as follows:
(4.1) according to node siNeighbor node set ψi, calculate egress sjTo node siVirtual repulsion
Wherein, DijIndicate center of mass point ciTo center of mass point cjEuclidean distance；KRIndicate repulsion coefficient, KR=1；αijFor unit
Vector indicates repulsion direction, by center of mass point cjIt is directed toward center of mass point ci；
(4.2) by neighbor node to node siVirtual repulsion carry out vector sum calculating, obtain virtual resultant force
(4.3) according to node siDump energy E, to virtual repulsion add correction termWherein e is that energy weight is normal
Number, so improvement fictitious force is,
Indicate that node energy is fewer, suffered fictitious force is smaller, and rotational angle is also smaller, has rotation inertia, saves energy；
(5) node rotates decision, and process is as follows:
(5.1) Orthogonal Decomposition calculate node center of mass point ciCurrent suffered virtual resultant forceAlong circular arc tangential line componentConfirmation
Center of mass point ciRotation direction；
(5.2) ifCenter of mass point rotational angle θ is calculated, wherein ε indicates center of mass point Forced rotation thresholding
Value, whenIt indicates that node has reached stable state, that is, thinks that node optimization adjustment finishes or dump energy is on the low side, be not necessarily to
It is rotated further by；
Wherein, θmaxIndicate that maximum rotation angle is Δ t ω, θminIndicate minimum rotation angle initially set, k0
For the unit conversion coefficient of power and angle；
(5.3) node center of mass point ciAfter rotational angle θ, the new position of node center of mass point is recalculated
(5.4) angle, θ is rotated according to node, each dump energy E of calculate node:
E=E- (k1Rβ·Δt+k2θ)
Wherein k1、k2For coefficient of energy dissipation, RβEnergy consumption power when for node radius being R, β are index, and Δ t is adjustment every time
Interval time；
(5.5) reach stable state up to reaching adjustment number or each node from (4.1) the above steps are repeated；
(6) calculate node siIt is directed toward corresponding center of mass point ciVector and unitization, obtain node siFinal perceived direction letter
Breath obtains the output collection in node perceived direction.
Technical concept of the invention are as follows: some oriented sensor nodes of random placement in monitoring region, to cover region
Lid increased quality relies on the overlay strategy of virtual potential field to carry out the adjustment of sensor node perceived direction, while considering node
The problem of energy consumption is uneven, causes Energy volution, network premature death, joined the calculating of node energy consumption index, and be repaired with this
Positive fictitious force extends network time.Neighbor node suffered by egress can be calculated in this method during each iteration adjustment
Virtual repulsion, and rationally rotate appropriate angle according to self rest energy, take into account energy consumption and promote covering quality again, this section
Energy covering method has used virtual potential field and node energy consumption index, to realize that efficient, prolonged region overlay provides possibility.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly shown as: in the case where making every effort to region overlay increased quality, to reach node
The target of energy consumption balance extends the cover time of whole network.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of suffered virtual repulsion between oriented sensor node in virtual potential field.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart based on the modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of to be based on the modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force including following
Step:
Step 1: the oriented sensor node of random placement in Target monitoring area, is compiled to oriented sensor node
Number S={ Si| i=1,2 ..., n }；
Step 2: calculating the center of mass point c for obtaining each nodei, initial position
Step 3: to node siCounting its all neighbor node is set ψi, M indicate neighbor node set in element
Number；
Step 4: node siAccording to neighbor node set ψi, calculate set interior nodes sjTo node siVirtual repulsion
Wherein, DijIndicate center of mass point ciTo center of mass point cjEuclidean distance；KRIndicate repulsion coefficient, KR=1；αijFor unit
Vector indicates repulsion direction, by center of mass point cjIt is directed toward center of mass point ci；
Step 5: by neighbor node to node siVirtual repulsionVector sum calculating is carried out, virtual resultant force is obtained
Step 6: fictitious force is improved, according to node siThe ratio of itself dump energy E and primary power, to virtual reprimand
Power adds correction termWherein e is energy weight constant, and improved fictitious force is,
Step 7: repulsion component calculates, Orthogonal Decomposition center of mass point ciSuffered virtual resultant forceIt calculates along circular arc tangential line point
AmountConfirm center of mass point ciRotation direction；
Step 8: rotation angle calculation, ifCenter of mass point rotational angle θ is calculated according to formula, wherein ε
Indicate center of mass point Forced rotation threshold value, whenIt indicates that node has reached stable state, that is, thinks that node optimization adjusts
It finishes or dump energy is on the low side, without being rotated further by；
Wherein, θmaxIndicate that maximum rotation angle initially set is Δ t ω, θminIndicate minimum turn initially set
Dynamic angle, k0For the unit conversion coefficient of power and angle；
Step 9: to the node s after rotational angle θi, recalculate the new position of center of mass point
Step 10: more new node siDump energy, according to node rotate angle, θ, each dump energy E of calculate node:
E=E- (k1Rβ·Δt+k2θ)
Wherein k1、k2For coefficient of energy dissipation, RβMonitoring energy consumption power when for node radius being R, β is index, usually 2~
3, Δ t are every time adjustment interval time；
Step 11: from the 4th step the above steps are repeated up to reach adjustment number or each node reach stable state；
Step 12: calculate node siIt is directed toward corresponding center of mass point ciVector and unitization, obtain node siFinal perception side
To information, the output collection in each node perceived direction is obtained.
Step 13: node rotation angle, which reaches stable state, executes region overlay monitoring, until depleted of energy, monitoring knot
Beam.
The oriented sensor model that the present invention applies, sensing range are one using node as the center of circle, and perceived distance is half
The fan-shaped region of diameter is shown as fan-shaped region center of mass point by fictitious force rotation in virtual potential field and moved in a circle around node, saved
Force analysis figure such as Fig. 1 of the virtual repulsion of the suffered neighbor node of point.
The energy consumption index of oriented sensor considers two aspects of perceived distance and rotation angle, and node perceived radius changes
Change and the rotation of perceived direction can all influence the energy consumption of node.Interior joint one of the present invention is deployed, and the perception radius no longer changes, but
Still as the factor for influencing node unit time energy consumption power.
Above-described implementation is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, not to the scope of the present invention into
Row limits, and without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art do technical solution of the present invention
Various changes and improvements out should all be fallen into the protection scope that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is based on the modified directional sensor network energy conservation covering method of fictitious force, which is characterized in that the method packet
Include following steps:
(1) the multiple oriented sensor nodes of random placement in monitoring region, are numbered S={ S to oriented sensor nodei|i
=1,2 ..., n }, each oriented sensor node is by six element group representation Si=< Pi, R, α, θ, ω, E0>, respectively indicate node position
It sets, the perception radius, perceives visual angle, perceived direction angle, angular velocity of rotation and node primary power；
(2) the center of mass point c of each node is calculatedi, initial positionIts center of mass point position is on fan-shaped symmetry axis and and distance of center circle
From the 2R sin α of α/3, one and only one center of mass point of each sensor node is corresponding to it, the adjustment transformation in node perceived direction
It moves in a circle for the mass center of its fan-shaped region around node；
(3) to node siCalculating its all neighbor node is set ψi, M indicate neighbor node set in element number, when and only
As oriented sensor node siAnd sjBetween Euclidean distance when being not more than twice of node perceived radius R, neighbours tie the two each other
Point；
(4) the modified energy saving covering method of fictitious force, process are as follows:
(4.1) according to node siNeighbor node set ψi, calculate egress sjTo node siVirtual repulsion
Wherein, DijIndicate center of mass point ciTo center of mass point cjEuclidean distance；KRIndicate repulsion coefficient, KR=1；αijFor unit vector,
Repulsion direction is indicated, by center of mass point cjIt is directed toward center of mass point ci；
(4.2) by neighbor node to node siVirtual repulsion carry out vector sum calculating, obtain virtual resultant force
(4.3) according to node siDump energy E, to virtual repulsion add correction termWherein e is energy weight constant, institute
It is to improve fictitious force,
Indicate that node energy is fewer, suffered fictitious force is smaller, and rotational angle is also smaller, has rotation inertia, saves energy；
(5) node rotates decision, and process is as follows:
(5.1) Orthogonal Decomposition calculate node center of mass point ciCurrent suffered virtual resultant forceAlong circular arc tangential line componentConfirm mass center
Point ciRotation direction；
(5.2) ifCenter of mass point rotational angle θ is calculated, wherein ε indicates center of mass point Forced rotation threshold value, whenIt indicates that node has reached stable state, that is, thinks that node optimization adjustment finishes or dump energy is on the low side, no longer need to turn
It is dynamic；
Wherein, θmaxIndicate that maximum rotation angle is Δ t ω, θminIndicate minimum rotation angle initially set, k0For power with
The unit conversion coefficient of angle；
(5.3) node center of mass point ciAfter rotational angle θ, the new position of node center of mass point is recalculated
(5.4) angle, θ is rotated according to node, each dump energy E of calculate node:
E=E- (k1Rβ·Δt+k2θ)
Wherein k1、k2For coefficient of energy dissipation, RβEnergy consumption power when for node radius being R, β are index, and Δ t is every time adjustment interval
Time；
(5.5) reach stable state up to reaching adjustment number or each node from (4.1) the above steps are repeated；
(6) calculate node siIt is directed toward corresponding center of mass point ciVector and unitization, obtain node siFinal perceived direction information, is obtained
Obtain the output collection in node perceived direction.
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