CN109587025B - Port self-learning intelligent substation switch - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种端口自学习的智能变电站交换机，所述方法包括如下步骤：S1：交换机接收SCD文件，并自动解析SCD文件，分析出各类装置连接的关系；S2：通过交换机的IP学习、IP老化功能识别端口Mac地址，通过交换机的SNMP简单网络管理协议获取到交换机信息与通信口状态；S3：通过监测接入交换机各端口实际收发情况为只发不收、只收不发还是即发送又接收进行对比分析；若是端口收发情况为只发不收进入步骤S4，若端口收发情况为只收不发进入步骤S5，若端口即发送又接收进入步骤S6。本申请文件针对现有智能变电站交换机功能的缺陷，采用端口自学习的智能变电站交换机方案：在交换机上接的光端口属于不同装置。
The invention discloses an intelligent substation switch with port self-learning. The method includes the following steps: S1: the switch receives an SCD file, and automatically parses the SCD file, and analyzes the connection relationship of various devices; S2: learns through the IP of the switch , The IP aging function identifies the port Mac address, and obtains the switch information and communication port status through the SNMP simple network management protocol of the switch; S3: By monitoring the actual sending and receiving status of each port of the access switch, whether it is only sending but not receiving, only receiving and not sending, or immediately Send and receive for comparative analysis; if the port is only sending but not receiving, go to step S4, if the port is receiving and not sending, go to step S5, and if the port is both sending and receiving, go to step S6. Aiming at the defects of the existing smart substation switch functions, this application document adopts a port self-learning smart substation switch solution: the optical ports connected to the switch belong to different devices.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种交换机自学习方法，具体涉及一种端口自学习的智能变电站交换机。The invention relates to a switch self-learning method, in particular to a port self-learning intelligent substation switch.
背景技术Background technique
智能变电站通信网络越来越重要，关系到变电站的安全可靠运行。而现有的交换机拓扑搜索方法或工具无法动态获取整个智能变电站网络及设备的拓扑关系，尤其是难以识别交换机和所连接IED间的拓扑关系。在智能变电站的新建、改扩建及运维检修过程中，网络拓扑结构时常发生变更，有必要能够实时掌握整个变电站网络系统的拓扑状态，但是目前缺乏有效的方法和工具来动态地反映变电站网络及设备拓扑结构的状态。因此，一种能动态识别智能变电站网络设备拓扑的方法和工具将有助于提升智能变电站网络设备运行管理水平。The communication network of smart substations is becoming more and more important, which is related to the safe and reliable operation of substations. However, the existing switch topology search methods or tools cannot dynamically obtain the topology relationship of the entire smart substation network and devices, and especially it is difficult to identify the topology relationship between the switch and the connected IEDs. In the process of new construction, reconstruction, expansion, operation, maintenance and repair of smart substations, the network topology is often changed. It is necessary to be able to grasp the topology state of the entire substation network system in real time. However, there is currently no effective method and tool to dynamically reflect the substation network and The state of the device topology. Therefore, a method and tool that can dynamically identify the topology of smart substation network equipment will help to improve the operation and management level of smart substation network equipment.
根据交换机端口收到的报文块识别出此端口所连接的装置，结合智能变电站SCD特性与端口报文收发相互关系，判断此端口所连接装置应该接收什么信息，结合交换机的IP学习、IP老化等功能识别各端口所连设备的Mac地址，结合SCD和识别到的装置情况进行VLAN的自学习，最终实现智能变电站交换机各端口情况的学习。Identify the device connected to the port according to the message block received by the switch port, combine the SCD characteristics of the smart substation and the relationship between the port's message sending and receiving, determine what information the device connected to the port should receive, and combine the switch's IP learning and IP aging. and other functions to identify the Mac address of the device connected to each port, and carry out VLAN self-learning combined with the SCD and the identified device conditions, and finally realize the learning of each port condition of the smart substation switch.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明针对现有智能变电站交换机功能的缺陷，采用端口自学习的智能变电站交换机方案，判断应该接收什么信息，实现IED装置自动识别与学习，目的在于提供一种端口自学习的智能变电站交换机，解决上述的问题。Aiming at the defects of the existing intelligent substation switch function, the present invention adopts the port self-learning intelligent substation switch scheme to judge what information should be received, and realize the automatic identification and learning of the IED device. The purpose is to provide a port self-learning intelligent substation switch. the above problem.
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种端口自学习的智能变电站交换机，所述方法包括如下步骤：A port self-learning smart substation switch, the method comprising the following steps:
S1：交换机接收SCD文件，并自动解析SCD文件，分析出各类装置连接的关系；S2：通过交换机的IP学习、IP老化功能识别端口Mac地址，通过交换机的SNMP简单网络管理协议获取到交换机信息与通信口状态；S3：通过监测接入交换机各端口实际收发情况为只发不收、只收不发还是即发送又接收进行对比分析；若是端口收发情况为只发不收进入步骤S4，若端口收发情况为只收不发进入步骤S5，若端口即发送又接收进入步骤S6；S4：当端口所连接设备为只发不收时，根据交换机端口接收到的报文块，交换机解析判断出端口所连接的装置，交换机自动屏蔽发送到该装置的信息；S5：当端口所连接设备为只收不发时，支持手动配置，交换机根据手动配置情况和解析到的SCD文件上发送和接收关系学习该连接装置应该接收的信息；S6：当端口所连接设备为即发送又接收时，根据交换机端口接收到的报文块，交换机解析判断出端口所连接的装置，然后结合交换机自动解析到的SCD文件中各装置连接关系，从而判断出这个装置应该接收的信息。目前，传统的智能变电站交换机是通过SCD文件解析和交换机端口表统计生成携带网络拓扑信息和设备连接情况的IED设备端口表。通过SNMP获取每台交换机的邻里信息表，根据交换机的邻里信息表，分析网络上交换机之间的连接关系，生成交换机网络拓扑图。或者以MAC地址为外键匹配交换机MAC地址转发表、断面数据报文和智能变电站配置文件,动态获取变电站中二层交换机和所连接智能电子设备(IED)间的拓扑关系。以及通过解析光纤物理回路文件(SPCD)和变电站配置描述文件(SCD)，建立交换机的端口拓扑关系，分析各智能电子设备(IED)在交换机中的信息。但欠缺通过智能站SCD特性与端口报文收发相互关系来识别各端口所连接智能电子装置IED的方式。S1: The switch receives the SCD file, and automatically parses the SCD file to analyze the connection relationship of various devices; S2: Identify the port Mac address through the switch's IP learning and IP aging functions, and obtain the switch information through the switch's SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol and communication port status; S3: compare and analyze by monitoring the actual sending and receiving status of each port of the access switch, whether only sending but not receiving, only receiving and not sending, or both sending and receiving; if the port sending and receiving status is only sending but not receiving, go to step S4 The port sending and receiving condition is only receiving but not sending, go to step S5, if the port is both sending and receiving, go to step S6; S4: when the device connected to the port is only sending and not receiving, according to the message block received by the switch port, the switch parses and judges For the device connected to the port, the switch automatically shields the information sent to the device; S5: When the device connected to the port is only receiving and not sending, it supports manual configuration. The switch sends and receives according to the manual configuration and the parsed SCD file. Learn the information that the connection device should receive; S6: When the device connected to the port is both sending and receiving, according to the message block received by the switch port, the switch analyzes and determines the device connected to the port, and then combines the automatically parsed by the switch. The connection relationship of each device in the SCD file, so as to determine the information that the device should receive. At present, traditional smart substation switches generate IED device port tables carrying network topology information and device connection status through SCD file parsing and switch port table statistics. Obtain the neighbor information table of each switch through SNMP, analyze the connection relationship between switches on the network according to the neighbor information table of the switch, and generate a network topology map of the switch. Or use the MAC address as a foreign key to match the switch's MAC address forwarding table, section data message and smart substation configuration file, and dynamically obtain the topology relationship between the Layer 2 switch and the connected IED in the substation. And by analyzing the fiber physical circuit file (SPCD) and the substation configuration description file (SCD), the port topology relationship of the switch is established, and the information of each intelligent electronic device (IED) in the switch is analyzed. However, there is a lack of a way to identify the IED connected to each port through the relationship between the SCD characteristics of the intelligent station and the port message sending and receiving.
本申请文件针对现有智能变电站交换机功能的缺陷，采用端口自学习的智能变电站交换机方案：在交换机上接的光端口属于不同装置，报文块从不同装置发出来，最初并不清楚是什么装置的情况下，由所发报文判断其为什么装置，结合交换机解析到的SCD文件中各装置连接关系，和接入交换机端口收发行为：有端口只发不收，有的只收不发等。结合这些情况，判断应该接收什么信息，实现IED装置自动识别与学习。Aiming at the defects of the existing smart substation switch functions, this application document adopts the port self-learning smart substation switch solution: the optical ports connected to the switch belong to different devices, and the message blocks are sent from different devices, and it is not clear what device it is at first. In this case, the device is determined by the sent message, the connection relationship of each device in the SCD file parsed by the switch, and the sending and receiving behavior of the access switch port: some ports only send but not receive, and some only receive but not send, etc. Combining these conditions, it can determine what information should be received, and realize the automatic identification and learning of the IED device.
进一步地，根据SCD和识别到的端口所连接装置情况进行VLAN的自动识别，交换机通过自学习实现VLAN自动分配，在简单的VLAN划分功能基础之上，使报文控制情况更加有效。Further, the automatic identification of VLAN is carried out according to the SCD and the device connected to the identified port, and the switch realizes automatic VLAN allocation through self-learning. On the basis of the simple VLAN division function, the packet control situation is more effective.
进一步地，所述步骤S1根据SCD和识别到的装置情况进行VLAN的自动识别，交换机通过自学习实现VLAN自动分配。Further, in the step S1, automatic identification of the VLAN is performed according to the SCD and the identified device situation, and the switch realizes the automatic allocation of the VLAN through self-learning.
进一步地，当有的端口被划分VLAN，但根据SCD和识别到的装置情况判断这个端口不需要接收报文块，VLAN划分后报文依然会进入这个端口，交换机自动屏蔽该端口接收的报文。Further, when some ports are divided into VLANs, but according to the SCD and the identified devices, it is judged that this port does not need to receive packet blocks. After VLAN division, the packets will still enter this port, and the switch will automatically block the packets received by this port. .
进一步地，所述步骤S4中的所连设备不接收但属于这个VLAN端口，此时装置也可能会被发送信息，但由SCD和装置情况判断出此装置不接收报文块，交换机自动屏蔽该端口发送的报文。Further, the connected equipment in the described step S4 does not receive but belongs to this VLAN port, and the device may also be sent information at this time, but it is judged by the SCD and the device situation that this device does not receive the message block, and the switch automatically shields this device. The packets sent by the port.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：从智能站SCD特性与端口报文收发相互关系的角度，更有利于结合现场情况分析判断交换机各端口所连接装置，交换机通过自学习实现VLAN自动分配，使报文控制情况更加有效，提高了智能变电站运行效率，方便了智能变电站异常分析与故障诊断工作。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: from the perspective of the relationship between the SCD characteristics of the intelligent station and the port message sending and receiving, it is more beneficial to analyze and judge the devices connected to each port of the switch in combination with the on-site situation. Learning to realize the automatic allocation of VLANs makes the message control more effective, improves the operation efficiency of the smart substation, and facilitates the abnormal analysis and fault diagnosis of the smart substation.
附图说明Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached image:
图1为：判断端口所连装置情况流程图。Figure 1 is a flow chart for judging the status of the device connected to the port.
图2为：交换机端口VLAN自动分配图。Figure 2 is: switch port VLAN automatic allocation diagram.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例和附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. as a limitation of the present invention.
实施例Example
如图1所示，本发明一种端口自学习的智能变电站交换机，一种端口自学习的智能变电站交换机，所述方法包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is a port self-learning smart substation switch, a port self-learning smart substation switch, and the method includes the following steps:
S1：交换机接收SCD文件，并自动解析SCD文件，分析出各类装置连接的关系；S2：通过交换机的IP学习、IP老化功能识别端口Mac地址，通过交换机的SNMP简单网络管理协议获取到交换机信息与通信口状态；S3：通过监测接入交换机各端口实际收发情况为只发不收、只收不发还是即发送又接收进行对比分析；若是端口收发情况为只发不收进入步骤S4，若端口收发情况为只收不发进入步骤S5，若端口即发送又接收进入步骤S6；S4：当端口所连接设备为只发不收时，根据交换机端口接收到的报文块，交换机解析判断出端口所连接的装置，交换机自动屏蔽发送到该装置的信息；S5：当端口所连接设备为只收不发时，支持手动配置，交换机根据手动配置情况和解析到的SCD文件上发送和接收关系学习该连接装置应该接收的信息；S6：当端口所连接设备为即发送又接收时，根据交换机端口接收到的报文块，交换机解析判断出端口所连接的装置，然后结合交换机自动解析到的SCD文件中各装置连接关系，从而判断出这个装置应该接收的信息。目前，传统的智能变电站交换机是通过SCD文件解析和交换机端口表统计生成携带网络拓扑信息和设备连接情况的IED设备端口表。通过SNMP获取每台交换机的邻里信息表，根据交换机的邻里信息表，分析网络上交换机之间的连接关系，生成交换机网络拓扑图。或者以MAC地址为外键匹配交换机MAC地址转发表、断面数据报文和智能变电站配置文件,动态获取变电站中二层交换机和所连接智能电子设备(IED)间的拓扑关系。以及通过解析光纤物理回路文件(SPCD)和变电站配置描述文件(SCD)，建立交换机的端口拓扑关系，分析各智能电子设备(IED)在交换机中的信息。但欠缺通过智能站SCD特性与端口报文收发相互关系来识别各端口所连接智能电子装置IED的方式。S1: The switch receives the SCD file, and automatically parses the SCD file to analyze the connection relationship of various devices; S2: Identify the port Mac address through the switch's IP learning and IP aging functions, and obtain the switch information through the switch's SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol and communication port status; S3: compare and analyze by monitoring the actual sending and receiving status of each port of the access switch, whether only sending but not receiving, only receiving and not sending, or both sending and receiving; if the port sending and receiving status is only sending but not receiving, go to step S4 The port sending and receiving condition is only receiving but not sending, go to step S5, if the port is both sending and receiving, go to step S6; S4: when the device connected to the port is only sending and not receiving, according to the message block received by the switch port, the switch parses and judges For the device connected to the port, the switch automatically shields the information sent to the device; S5: When the device connected to the port is only receiving and not sending, it supports manual configuration. The switch sends and receives according to the manual configuration and the parsed SCD file. Learn the information that the connection device should receive; S6: When the device connected to the port is both sending and receiving, according to the message block received by the switch port, the switch analyzes and determines the device connected to the port, and then combines the automatically parsed by the switch. The connection relationship of each device in the SCD file, so as to determine the information that the device should receive. At present, traditional smart substation switches generate IED device port tables carrying network topology information and device connection status through SCD file parsing and switch port table statistics. Obtain the neighbor information table of each switch through SNMP, analyze the connection relationship between switches on the network according to the neighbor information table of the switch, and generate a network topology map of the switch. Or use the MAC address as a foreign key to match the switch's MAC address forwarding table, section data message and smart substation configuration file, and dynamically obtain the topology relationship between the Layer 2 switch and the connected IED in the substation. And by analyzing the fiber physical circuit file (SPCD) and the substation configuration description file (SCD), the port topology relationship of the switch is established, and the information of each intelligent electronic device (IED) in the switch is analyzed. However, there is a lack of a way to identify the IED connected to each port through the relationship between the SCD characteristics of the intelligent station and the port message sending and receiving.
本申请文件针对现有智能变电站交换机功能的缺陷，采用端口自学习的智能变电站交换机方案：在交换机上接的光端口属于不同装置，报文块从不同装置发出来，最初并不清楚是什么装置的情况下，由所发报文判断其为什么装置，结合交换机解析到的SCD文件中各装置连接关系，和接入交换机端口收发行为：有端口只发不收，有的只收不发等。结合这些情况，判断应该接收什么信息，实现IED装置自动识别与学习。Aiming at the defects of the existing smart substation switch functions, this application document adopts the port self-learning smart substation switch solution: the optical ports connected to the switch belong to different devices, and the message blocks are sent from different devices, and it is not clear what device it is at first. In this case, the device is determined by the sent message, the connection relationship of each device in the SCD file parsed by the switch, and the sending and receiving behavior of the access switch port: some ports only send but not receive, and some only receive but not send, etc. Combining these conditions, it can determine what information should be received, and realize the automatic identification and learning of the IED device.
本文判断智能变电站网络通信问题的技术方案是，交换机解析SCD文件，分析出各类装置连接的关系。结合交换机的IP学习、IP老化等功能识别端口所连设备Mac地址，通过交换机的SNMP简单网络管理协议获取到交换机信息与通信口状态。监测接入交换机各端口实际收发情况为只发不收、只收不发还是即发送又接收(排除只收不发装置平时发送的用于联系的数据)。当端口所连接设备为即发送又接收时，通过交换机端口接收到的报文块，交换机解析判断出端口所连接的装置，然后结合交换机自动解析到的SCD文件中各装置连接关系，从而判断出这个装置应该接收什么信息。当端口所连接设备为只发不收时，通过交换机端口接收到的报文块，解析判断出端口所连接的装置，交换机自动屏蔽发送到该装置的信息。当端口所连接设备为只收不发时，不知道是什么装置，支持手动配置，交换机根据手动配置情况和解析到的SCD文件上发送和接收关系学习到该连接装置应该接收什么信息。这种情况采取自动加手动的方式实现交换机自学习。根据SCD和识别到的装置情况进行VLAN的自动识别，交换机通过自学习可以实现VLAN自动分配，当有的端口被划分VLAN，但根据SCD和识别到的装置情况判断这个端口不接收报文，VLAN划分后报文依然会进入这个端口；以及某些信息装置不接收但属于这个VLAN端口(如：合并单元不接收GOOSE)则还是会被发送信息，但根据SCD和装置情况判断不需要接收这个报文块。以上两种情况下交换机根据端口自动屏蔽VLAN，达到交换机替代VLAN的功能，使报文控制情况更加有效。In this paper, the technical solution for judging the network communication problem of the smart substation is that the switch parses the SCD file and analyzes the connection relationship of various devices. Combined with the switch's IP learning, IP aging and other functions to identify the Mac address of the device connected to the port, and obtain the switch information and communication port status through the switch's SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. Monitor the actual sending and receiving status of each port of the access switch, whether it is only sending but not receiving, only receiving and not sending, or both sending and receiving (excluding the data that is usually sent by the device that only receives and does not send for contact). When the device connected to the port is both sending and receiving, the switch analyzes and determines the device connected to the port through the message block received by the switch port, and then combines the connection relationship of each device in the SCD file automatically parsed by the switch, so as to determine What information should this device receive. When the device connected to the port is only sending but not receiving, the packet received by the switch port is analyzed to determine the device connected to the port, and the switch automatically shields the information sent to the device. When the device connected to the port is only receiving and not sending, it does not know what device it is, and supports manual configuration. The switch learns what information the connected device should receive according to the manual configuration and the relationship between sending and receiving on the parsed SCD file. In this case, the automatic and manual method is adopted to realize the self-learning of the switch. The automatic identification of VLAN is carried out according to the SCD and the identified devices. The switch can realize the automatic allocation of VLANs through self-learning. When some ports are divided into VLANs, but according to the SCD and the identified devices, it is judged that this port does not receive packets. After the division, the message will still enter this port; and some information devices do not receive but belong to this VLAN port (for example: the merging unit does not receive GOOSE), the message will still be sent, but it is judged according to the SCD and the device that do not need to receive this message. text block. In the above two cases, the switch automatically shields the VLAN according to the port, so that the switch can replace the VLAN and make the packet control more effective.
根据SCD和识别到的端口所连接装置情况进行VLAN的自动识别，交换机通过自学习实现VLAN自动分配，在简单的VLAN划分功能基础之上，使报文控制情况更加有效。The automatic identification of VLAN is carried out according to the situation of the SCD and the device connected to the identified port. The switch realizes the automatic allocation of VLAN through self-learning. On the basis of the simple VLAN division function, the packet control situation is more effective.
所述步骤S1根据SCD和识别到的装置情况进行VLAN的自动识别，交换机通过自学习实现VLAN自动分配。当有的端口被划分VLAN，但根据SCD和识别到的装置情况判断这个端口不需要接收报文块，VLAN划分后报文依然会进入这个端口，交换机自动屏蔽该端口接收的报文。所述步骤S4中的所连设备不接收但属于这个VLAN端口，此时装置也可能会被发送信息，但由SCD和装置情况判断出此装置不接收报文块，交换机自动屏蔽该端口发送的报文。本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：从智能站SCD特性与端口报文收发相互关系的角度，更有利于结合现场情况分析判断交换机各端口所连接装置，交换机通过自学习实现VLAN自动分配，使报文控制情况更加有效，提高了智能变电站运行效率，方便了智能变电站异常分析与故障诊断工作。In the step S1, automatic identification of VLAN is performed according to the SCD and the situation of the identified device, and the switch realizes automatic VLAN assignment through self-learning. When some ports are divided into VLANs, but according to the SCD and the identified devices, it is judged that this port does not need to receive packet blocks. After VLAN division, the packets will still enter this port, and the switch will automatically block the packets received by this port. The connected device in the step S4 does not receive but belongs to this VLAN port, and the device may also be sent information at this time, but it is judged by the SCD and the device situation that the device does not receive the message block, and the switch automatically shields the port sent. message. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: from the perspective of the relationship between the SCD characteristics of the intelligent station and the port message sending and receiving, it is more beneficial to analyze and judge the devices connected to each port of the switch in combination with the on-site situation. Learning to realize the automatic allocation of VLANs makes the message control more effective, improves the operation efficiency of the smart substation, and facilitates the abnormal analysis and fault diagnosis of the smart substation.
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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