CN109586821B - Electromagnetic radiation prediction method for urban area base station - Google Patents

Electromagnetic radiation prediction method for urban area base station Download PDF

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CN109586821B
CN109586821B CN201811426761.8A CN201811426761A CN109586821B CN 109586821 B CN109586821 B CN 109586821B CN 201811426761 A CN201811426761 A CN 201811426761A CN 109586821 B CN109586821 B CN 109586821B
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杨万春
王俊
高协平
彭艳芬
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Xiangtan University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H04B17/3913—Predictive models, e.g. based on neural network models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
    • G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
    • G01R29/0857—Dosimetry, i.e. measuring the time integral of radiation intensity; Level warning devices for personal safety use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for predicting electromagnetic radiation of a base station in an urban area, which comprises the following steps: the method divides an urban area into a dense commercial area and a common urban area, obtains probability distribution P (n) of the number of base stations in the area through the total value of the mobile phone flow in the area to be measured, further obtains specific values of the number of the base stations under the condition, obtains distribution coordinates of the base stations according to a uniform point distribution algorithm, and finally obtains the total value of electromagnetic radiation of each base station in the area through prediction. The invention analyzes the number of the base stations according to the mobile phone traffic use value in the area, then performs base station distribution analysis, and accurately predicts the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the base stations in the area.

Description

Electromagnetic radiation prediction method for urban area base station
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for predicting electromagnetic radiation of a base station in an urban area.
Background
With the infinite communication convenience brought to people by mobile communication technology, personal mobile intelligent equipment in cities becomes a living necessity, electromagnetic radiation brought by base stations causes panic of more and more people, but in the currently published documents and patents, only a single base station is generally considered to be exposed to the radiation value in the area, and no method is available for effectively estimating the total electromagnetic radiation exposure level of each base station in the area according to the distribution condition of the base stations in the urban area.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the patent provides an electromagnetic radiation prediction method for urban area base stations, which divides an urban area into an intensive commercial area and a common urban area, obtains the probability distribution P (n) of the number of the base stations in the area through the total value of the flow of mobile phones in the area to be detected, further obtains the specific value of the number of the base stations under the condition, obtains the distribution coordinate of the base stations according to a uniform point distribution algorithm, and finally obtains the electromagnetic radiation total value of each base station in the area through prediction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for predicting electromagnetic radiation of a base station in an urban area.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a distribution model of urban area base stations, dividing the urban area into two categories of intensive business areas and common urban areas, and dividing the urban area into two categories according to the intensive business areas within one hourTotal value of mobile phone traffic T1Total value T of mobile phone traffic in one hour with common urban district2Calculating the mean value lambda of the number of the intensive business district base stations in the base station distribution model1And the mean value of the number of base stations in the dense business district2Establishing cumulative probability density distribution F (N) of the number N of base stations to obtain the value of N under the condition of 95% probability, wherein the value is represented by N;
(2) according to the number N of the base stations obtained in the step (1), obtaining the position coordinate distribution (x) of the base stations in the area by a uniform point distribution algorithmi,yi) I is the base station label, i is 1, 2, …, N;
(3) according to the position coordinate distribution (x) of the base station in the area obtained in the step (2)i,yi) And combining the power density expression to obtain a calculation formula S for predicting the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the base station.
In the method for predicting electromagnetic radiation of urban area base stations, in step (1), the distribution model of urban area base stations is poisson distribution, and is represented as follows:
Figure GDA0002909359380000011
where P (n) is the probability when the number of base stations is n, λ is the mean of the number of base stations, and λ is taken when λ is in a dense commercial urban area1Taking lambda when lambda is in the ordinary urban area2；
When in dense commercial urban areas, lambda1The expression is as follows:
λ1＝aexp(-b/T1)
wherein T is1The total value of the mobile phone flow in one hour in a dense business area is obtained by an operator in the unit of kbit, exp is an exponential function taking a natural logarithm e as a base, a is a parameter and takes the value of 219.987, b is a parameter and takes the value of 1274675.964,
when in a general urban area, λ2The expression is as follows:
λ2＝cT2+d
wherein T is2In a common urban areaThe total value of the mobile phone flow in one hour is kbit, the value is obtained by an operator, c is a parameter and is 3.248 multiplied by 10-6D is a parameter, and the value is 0.279;
according to the base station distribution model which is Poisson distribution P (n), the cumulative probability density distribution F (n) of the base station number n is expressed as
Figure GDA0002909359380000021
Wherein F (n) is the cumulative probability density of Poisson distribution when the number of base stations is n, k is a parameter, the values are 0, 1, …, n and lambda are the mean value of the number of base stations, and the mean value is lambda in a dense commercial district1In the general urban area, the mean value is lambda2(ii) a Will be lambda1Or λ2Substituting the probability density into an expression F (n), and respectively obtaining the accumulated probability density of the intensive business district base stations and the accumulated probability density of the common urban district base stations, wherein according to the condition that the probability F (n) is 95 percent:
Figure GDA0002909359380000022
then N is obtained.
In the step (2), the number N of base stations obtained in the step (1) is combined, and a coordinate expression of each base station in the area is obtained according to a uniform point distribution algorithm, where the coordinate expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0002909359380000023
wherein i is the label of the ith base station and takes the value of 1, …, N; (x)i,yi) Is the ith base station coordinate point, h is the side length of the predicted square region,
Figure GDA0002909359380000024
is not more than
Figure GDA0002909359380000025
Is the remainder of the remainder division of the value of 3 · i by N, and the remainder of the division of the value of 5 · i by N.
In the foregoing method for predicting electromagnetic radiation of a base station in an urban area, in the step (3), the coordinates (x) of the base station obtained in the step (2) are combinedi,yi) According to the Euclidean distance formula in the plane:
Figure GDA0002909359380000026
wherein xc，ycRespectively as the abscissa and ordinate of the predicted point, RiObtaining a total value expression of the predicted radiation intensity of each base station to the point to be measured in the area for the distance between the predicted point and the ith base station, wherein the unit is m:
Figure GDA0002909359380000031
wherein S is the total radiation intensity value of each base station to the point, and the unit is uw/cm2I is a base station label and takes the value of 1, …, N; p is the transmission power of the base station in W, and G is the antenna gain of the base station in dB.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method divides the urban area into two types of intensive business areas and common urban areas, obtains the probability distribution P (n) of the number of base stations in the area through the total value of the mobile phone flow in the area to be measured, further obtains the specific value of the number of the base stations under the condition, finally predicts the total value of the electromagnetic radiation of each base station in the area, guides the evaluation of the environmental influence and the environmental protection of the base stations, and has certain social value.
Detailed Description
The implementation object of the invention is a base station of three operators 2G/3G/4G network systems, and the working frequency bands are respectively as follows: the mobile 2G (890-909 MHz), the 3G (2010-2025 MHz), the 4G (2575-2635 MHz), the Unicom 2G (954-960 MHz), the 3G (2130-2145 MHz), the 4G (1955-1980 MHz), the telecom 2G (825-840 MHz), the 3G (870-885 MHz), the 4G (1850-1880 MHz), the places are respectively urban commercial dense areas and common urban areas, the area of a selected test area is 350m multiplied by 350m, the measuring equipment is a spectrometer (frequency range 9-3 GHz) and a PCD 82-50 omnidirectional antenna (frequency range 80-3 GHz), the model number of which is AT6030D, produced by Antai communications company, the measuring equipment is 30dB/m, and the cable loss is 3 dB.
The invention discloses a method for predicting electromagnetic radiation of a base station in an urban area, which comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a distribution model of urban area base stations, dividing the urban area into two categories of intensive business areas and common urban areas, and according to the total value T of the mobile phone traffic in one hour in the intensive business areas1Total value T of mobile phone traffic in one hour with common urban district2Calculating the mean value lambda of the number of the intensive business district base stations in the base station distribution model1And average number of base stations in a common urban area lambda2Establishing cumulative probability density distribution F (N) of the number N of base stations to obtain the value of N under the condition of 95% probability, wherein the value is represented by N;
(2) according to the number N of the base stations obtained in the step (1), obtaining the position coordinate distribution (x) of the base stations in the area by a uniform point distribution algorithmi,yi) I is the base station label, i is 1, 2, …, N;
(3) and (3) obtaining a predicted base station electromagnetic radiation intensity calculation formula S according to the step (2) and the power density expression.
In the step (1), the mobile phone traffic data T in one hour of the urban commercial compact district is obtained by the telecom operator1412387.03kbit, where a 219.987 and b 1274675.96, mean value of the number of base stations in the dense business district in the base station distribution model λ1The calculation is as follows:
λ1＝aexp(-b/T1)＝219.987exp(-1274675.96/851.3169)≈7
obtaining mobile phone traffic data T in one hour in common urban area through telecom operator2114562.52kbit, wherein c is 3.248 × 10-6D is 0.279, the average value of the number of the ordinary urban base stations in the base station distribution model is lambda2The calculation is as follows:
λ2＝cT2+d＝3.248×10-6×114562.52+0.279≈4
calculating the obtained lambda1Substituting the cumulative probability density distribution F (n) of the number n of base stations in the urban dense business district into:
Figure GDA0002909359380000041
according to f (N) ═ 95% probability, N is obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0002909359380000042
obtaining N as 11 through the calculation of the formula;
calculating the obtained lambda2Substituting the accumulated probability density distribution F (n) of the number n of the base stations in the common urban area into:
Figure GDA0002909359380000043
according to f (N) ═ 95% probability, N is obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0002909359380000044
calculating by the formula to obtain N as 7;
in the step (2), after the coordinate system is established according to the N calculated in the step (1) and the area to be predicted is 350 mx 350m, when the area is in the urban dense business region according to the uniform point distribution algorithm: when N is 11, then
Figure GDA0002909359380000045
The coordinates of each base station within the area are:
Figure GDA0002909359380000046
Figure GDA0002909359380000047
Figure GDA0002909359380000048
Figure GDA0002909359380000049
Figure GDA00029093593800000410
Figure GDA00029093593800000411
Figure GDA00029093593800000412
Figure GDA00029093593800000413
Figure GDA00029093593800000414
Figure GDA0002909359380000051
Figure GDA0002909359380000052
when in the general downtown: n is 7, then
Figure GDA0002909359380000053
The coordinates of each base station within the area are:
Figure GDA0002909359380000054
Figure GDA0002909359380000055
Figure GDA0002909359380000056
Figure GDA0002909359380000057
Figure GDA0002909359380000058
Figure GDA0002909359380000059
Figure GDA00029093593800000510
in the step (3), the coordinates of the predicted point are taken as (10, 20), and the coordinates (x) of each base station obtained in the step (2) are used as the coordinatesi,yi)；
When in the urban commercial dense area, the distances between the predicted point and each base station are respectively calculated according to an in-plane Euclidean distance formula as follows:
Figure GDA00029093593800000511
Figure GDA00029093593800000512
Figure GDA00029093593800000513
Figure GDA00029093593800000514
Figure GDA00029093593800000515
Figure GDA00029093593800000516
Figure GDA00029093593800000517
Figure GDA00029093593800000518
Figure GDA00029093593800000519
Figure GDA00029093593800000520
Figure GDA00029093593800000521
by distance R of the predicted point from each base stationiCalculating the total radiation intensity value S of each base station to the predicted point, wherein the unit is uw/cm2P is the transmission power of the base station, the value is 20W, G is the antenna gain of the base station, the value is 12dB, and the total predicted radiation intensity value expression is substituted:
Figure GDA0002909359380000061
the distance R between the predicted point and each base stationiSubstituting the formula to obtain S-0.0391 uw/cm2In order to prove the effectiveness of the invention, the average electromagnetic radiation intensity obtained by actually measuring the electromagnetic radiation of 2G/3G/4G frequency bands of three operators by a spectrometer at the position of a predicted coordinate point of (10, 20) in a predicted area and then accumulating the measured value is compared with the predicted electromagnetic radiation intensity, and the measured value is 0.0376uw/cm2，；
When in a common urban area, the distances between the predicted point and each base station are respectively calculated according to an in-plane Euclidean distance formula as follows:
Figure GDA0002909359380000062
Figure GDA0002909359380000063
Figure GDA0002909359380000064
Figure GDA0002909359380000065
Figure GDA0002909359380000066
Figure GDA0002909359380000067
Figure GDA0002909359380000068
the distance R between the predicted point and each base stationiSubstituting the above formula to obtain the total value S of the electromagnetic radiation of the predicted point 0.0382uw/cm2In order to prove the effectiveness of the invention, electromagnetic radiation of 2G/3G/4G frequency bands of three operators is measured in the field by a spectrometer at the position of a predicted coordinate point (10, 20) in a predicted area, and then the average electromagnetic radiation intensity obtained by accumulation is compared with the predicted electromagnetic radiation intensity, wherein the measured value is 0.0364uw/cm2。
Through comparison, the predicted value and the measured value of the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the base station in the urban dense business area and the common urban area are very consistent, and the validity of the content of the invention is verified.

Claims (2)

1. A prediction method for electromagnetic radiation of a base station in an urban area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) establishing a distribution model of urban area base stations, dividing the urban area into two categories of intensive business areas and common urban areas, and according to the total value T of the mobile phone traffic in one hour in the intensive business areas1Total value T of mobile phone traffic in one hour with common urban district2Calculating the mean value lambda of the number of the intensive business district base stations in the base station distribution model1And average number of base stations in a common urban area lambda2Establishing cumulative probability density distribution F (N) of the number N of base stations to obtain the value of N under the condition of 95% probability, wherein the value is represented by N;
the distribution model of the urban area base station is Poisson distribution and is expressed as follows:
Figure FDA0002909359370000011
where P (n) is the probability when the number of base stations is n, λ is the mean of the number of base stations, and λ is taken when λ is in a dense commercial urban area1Taking lambda when lambda is in the ordinary urban area2；
When in dense commercial urban areas, lambda1The expression is as follows:
λ1＝aexp(-b/T1)
wherein T is1The total value of the mobile phone flow in one hour in a dense business area is obtained by a numerical operator in kbit, exp is an exponential function with a natural logarithm e as a base, a is a parameter, the value is 219.987, b is a parameter, and the value is 1274675.964;
when in a general urban area, λ2The expression is as follows:
λ2＝cT2+d
wherein T is2The total value of the mobile phone flow in one hour in a common urban area is obtained by an operator in the unit of kbit, and c is a parameter and takes the value of 3.248 multiplied by 10-6D is a parameter, and the value is 0.279;
according to the base station distribution model which is Poisson distribution P (n), the cumulative probability density distribution F (n) of the number n of base stations is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002909359370000012
wherein F (n) is the cumulative probability density of Poisson distribution when the number of base stations is n, k is a parameter, the values are 0, 1, …, n and lambda are the mean value of the number of base stations, and the mean value is lambda in a dense commercial district1In the general urban area, the mean value is lambda2Will be λ1Or λ2Substituting into the expression F (n) to obtain the accumulated probability density of intensive business district base stations and the accumulated probability density of common urban district base stations,
according to f (n) ═ 95% probability:
Figure FDA0002909359370000013
then N is obtained;
(2) according to the number N of the base stations obtained in the step (1), obtaining the position coordinate distribution (x) of the base stations in the area by a uniform point distribution algorithmi,yi) I is the base station label, i is 1, 2, …, N;
obtaining a coordinate expression of each base station in the area according to a uniform point distribution algorithm as follows:
Figure FDA0002909359370000021
wherein i is the label of the ith base station and takes the value of 1, …, N; (x)i,yi) Is the ith base station coordinate point, h is the side length of the predicted square region,
Figure FDA0002909359370000022
is not more than
Figure FDA0002909359370000023
Is a remainder operation, i.e., the remainder of dividing the value of 3 · i by N, and the remainder of dividing the value of 5 · i by N;
(3) according to the position coordinate distribution (x) of the base station in the area obtained in the step (2)i,yi) And combining the power density expression to obtain a calculation formula S for predicting the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the base station.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the coordinates (x) of the base station obtained in step (2) are combinedi,yi) According to the Euclidean distance formula in the plane:
Figure FDA0002909359370000024
wherein xc，ycRespectively as the abscissa and ordinate of the predicted point, RiObtaining a total value expression of the predicted radiation intensity of each base station to the point to be measured in the area for the distance between the predicted point and the ith base station, wherein the unit is m:
Figure FDA0002909359370000025
wherein S is the total radiation intensity value of each base station to the point, and the unit is uw/cm2I is the base station label, the value is 1, …, N, P is the transmission power of the base station, the unit is W, G is the antenna gain of the base station, and the unit is dB.
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CN110988498B (en) * 2019-12-23 2022-02-11 湘潭大学 Base station electromagnetic radiation prediction method for building dense area
CN111030761B (en) * 2019-12-23 2022-02-11 湘潭大学 Electromagnetic radiation prediction method for mountain base station
CN111083713B (en) * 2020-01-16 2022-08-05 湘潭大学 Electromagnetic radiation prediction method for double-layer cellular network base station
CN111273092A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-06-12 湘潭大学 University campus area base station average electromagnetic radiation prediction method

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