CN109586762A - A kind of flash judgement of satellite communication signals and quickly recapture device and method - Google Patents
A kind of flash judgement of satellite communication signals and quickly recapture device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109586762A CN109586762A CN201910051876.1A CN201910051876A CN109586762A CN 109586762 A CN109586762 A CN 109586762A CN 201910051876 A CN201910051876 A CN 201910051876A CN 109586762 A CN109586762 A CN 109586762A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
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- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
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Abstract
Device, including DDC, correlator, losing lock judgment module and recapturing unlocked module are judged and quickly recaptured the present invention provides a kind of flash of satellite communication signals；It is characterized by: wherein DDC is digital down converter, for signal to be carried out Digital Down Convert, the output signal of DDC is divided into two-way, input correlator does correlation judgement all the way, signal r (n) is directly sent into losing lock trapping module all the way, if system is in signal success trapped state, recapturing unlocked module can Direct Acquisition signal；Correlator is used to extract information from interference and noise using the correlation properties of address code, and exports correlation R (m)；Losing lock judgment module be used for judge extraction information whether losing lock；Recapturing unlocked module resets the code phase of correlator in the case where judging losing lock, restarts signal capture, and the device flash detection probability is high；Flash false-alarm probability is low；It is short that the time is recaptured after flash.
Description
Technical field
Method is judged and quickly recaptured the present invention provides a kind of flash of satellite communication signals, and this method is believed for satellite
Number flash problem, provide the judgment method of flash and quickly recapture method, can be applied to the letter of receiver, TT&C Transponder
Number capture.
Background technique
After receiver receives signal, it is necessary to reappear that PRN that will be emitted by the satellite of receiver acquisition first
(pseudo random noise) code, it is then necessary to mobile receiver itself generate reproduction code phase, until with satellite
PRN code occur it is related until.When the phase and the satellite code phases of input of receiver reproduction code match, be have it is maximum
It is related.When offset of the satellite code phases of the phase and input that reappear code on any one side is more than 1 chip, then have the smallest
It is related.Here it is the modes for detecting satellite-signal when receiver acquisition or tracking satellite signal in code phase domain.Receiver
Satellite must be detected in carrier phase domain, method is that reproduction carrier frequency adds Doppler (generally final in this way
Obtain the locking to satellite signal carrier phase).The capture of satellite-signal and tracking process are two-dimensional (code and carrier waves) in this way
Signal reappears process.
In code or distance domain, the method that receiver completes cross-correlation procedure is to search for the phase of desired satellite first
Position, then adjuster reappears the nominal spreading rate of code generator, to compensate due in receiver and satellite antenna phase center
Between direction of visual lines relative dynamic Doppler effect caused on satellite PRN code, to realize to satellite code state
Tracking.Then code correlated process is carried out at integral and clearing by the way that the reproduction code of phase shift is multiplied in real time with the satellite code of input
Reason is to realize.The target of receiver is the code phase holding maximum for making it reappear the instantaneous phase of code generator and desired satellite
Correlation.
If receiver is not with the carrier signal of hour corrector reproduction, so that the carrier frequency phase of itself and desired satellite
Matching, then the signal correlated process in distance domain will seriously decline because of the roll-off characteristic resulting from for receiving frequency response
Subtract, consequence is that receiver is captured forever less than satellite-signal.If due to being successfully, reproduced the code of satellite in search process
It is successfully acquired signal with frequency, but receiver but loses and satellite frequency is obtained and tracked, then receiver can also lose
Go the tracking to code.Therefore, in carrier Doppler frequency domain, receiver searches for the carrier doppler frequency of desired satellite first
Then rate tracks the carrier Doppler state of this satellite, to complete carrier wave matching (removing) in carrier Doppler frequency domain
Process.
In communicating to practical star, ionosphere shake, atmosphere the factors such as suddenly change will lead to the reception signal of receiver
Flash, the break period of signal are likely to be breached several ms to tens ms, and the output result of receiver tracking loop circuit correlator must at this time
It is so the value of mistake, frequency discrimination, phase demodulation error based on wrong correlated results will lead to loop deviation, and the break period is longer, deviates
It is bigger.And after signal restores normal, receiver is difficult to continue to keep the tracking to signal and losing lock.It needs to believe uplink at this time
Number carry out recapture, obtain new pseudo-code phase Φ1, pseudo- Doppler frequency f'd1Estimation.Flash recapture needs to solve two
Part thing, second is that carrying out losing lock recapture, judges that flash terminates first is that judging flash, and loop is made to enter normal tracking
State.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, such as the two of flash recapture, first is that flash is judged, second is that carrying out
Losing lock recapture judges that flash terminates, and loop is made to enter normal tracking mode.Under normal circumstances, m-th of information symbol
Correlator output R (m) amplitude it is larger, when signal flash, correlation R (m) amplitude declines rapidly, substantially white noise
Sound.Therefore, signal flash can be judged according to this feature.
Judge the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of flash of star signal of communication and quickly recaptures device, including
DDC, correlator, losing lock judgment module and recapturing unlocked module；It is characterized by:
Wherein DDC is digital down converter, and for signal to be carried out Digital Down Convert, the output signal of DDC is divided into two-way,
Input correlator does correlation judgement all the way, signal r (n) is directly sent into losing lock trapping module all the way, if system is in letter
Number success trapped state, recapturing unlocked module can Direct Acquisition signal；
Correlator is used to extract information from interference and noise using the correlation properties of address code, and exports correlation R
(m)；
Losing lock judgment module be used for judge extraction information whether losing lock；
Recapturing unlocked module resets the code phase of correlator in the case where judging losing lock, restarts signal and catches
It obtains.
Technical solution of the present invention additionally provides a kind of flash judgement of satellite communication signals and quickly recaptures method, specifically
The following steps are included:
Step 1, when satellite-signal normal acquisition and tracking, according to correlator at this time export RNormally(m), estimation is normal
In the case of RNormally(m) range value RNormally, the correlator output value of corresponding m-th of the information symbol of R (m), m is 1~M of value, wherein M
For the length of sliding window；
Step 2, by RNormallyValue storage, recapturing unlocked module is refreshed according to the frequency of setting, to constantly update
RNormallyValue, if a certain correlator value R and RNormallyDeviation is more than setting thresholding, then it is assumed that flash occurs；
Step 3, progress correlator calculate in real time, and R is the real-time amplitude of correlator output, and correlation R is sent by correlator
In losing lock judgment module, in which:
Step 4, as R < ε RNormally, when 0≤ε < 1, judge that signal flash occurs, wherein ε is arranged by user oneself, and record dodges
The disconnected moment is t, and the pseudo-code phase at flash moment is Φ1(t), pseudo-code Doppler f'd1(t)；
Step 5, signal flash are had no progeny, and the normal pseudo-code phase that recapturing unlocked module is recorded in t moment is Φ1(t), pseudo- how general
Le frequency is f'd1(t), T is divided between flash timeloss；Since signal has occurred and that flash, recapturing unlocked module starting pair
The pseudo-code phase changing value ΔΦ at moment is recaptured in the recapture of signal, estimationloss, pseudo-code Doppler's changing value Δ f'd1(t)；
The search range of Doppler frequency is arranged in estimate error model for step 6, the evaluated error based on pseudo- Doppler
In enclosing, the search range of pseudo- Doppler frequency isδfd1The error range for indicating estimation frequency, determines δ
fd1Value, the pseudo- Doppler spread of search is 2 δ fd1, take the search lattice point of carrier doppler for the 1/k of symbol rate, then have altogether
It needs to search for sumf=2 δ fd1×k/RsA Frequency point, RsFor character rate；
Step 7 calculates pseudo-code phase changes delta ΦlossThe N number of chip of estimated bias；
Step 8 is to prevent code phase from going beyond the scope, and 2N chip is expanded as in search range, that is, searches for 4N chip phase
Position；
Step 9, the scouting interval that chip is arranged are CgA chip, i.e. search 4N/CgA code phase；
Step 10, in new two-dimensional search section, carry out sumcor=sumc×sumfSecondary related operation；When the region of search
The correlation amplitude of a point is greater than thresholding, then it is assumed that flash terminates, and otherwise, re-starts new search, judges whether flash is tied
Beam；
Step 11, when judging that flash terminates, the code phase of respective point is sent into correlator, carrier frequency and initial phase
It is sent in DDC, the initial value as tracking:
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: this method first judges flash, when determining that flash occurs, starting frequency
The small range related operation of rate, code phase two-dimensional space carries out recapture to signal.Have the advantages that flash detection is general
Rate is high；Flash false-alarm probability is low；It is short that the time is recaptured after flash.Flash break recapturing speed ratio is very fast.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flash judgement of star signal of communication and quickly recaptures device；
Fig. 2 is the structure flow chart that flash judges and quickly recaptures on a kind of FPGA+DSP signal processing platform；
Fig. 3 is a kind of flash judgement of satellite communication signals and that quickly recaptures that signal in method recaptures re-search for section
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of flash of star signal of communication judges and quickly recaptures device, which includes DDC, correlation
Device, losing lock judgment module and recapturing unlocked module.
Wherein DDC is digital down converter (Digital Down Converter), and for carrying out signal, number is lower to be become
Frequently, the output signal of DDC is divided into two-way, inputs to correlator all the way and does correlation judgement, is all the way directly sent into signal r (n)
Losing lock trapping module, if system is in signal success trapped state, recapturing unlocked module can Direct Acquisition signal；
Correlator is used to extract information from interference and noise using the correlation properties of address code, and exports correlation R
(m)；
Losing lock judgment module be used for judge extraction information whether losing lock；
Recapturing unlocked module resets the code phase of correlator in the case where judging losing lock, restarts signal and catches
It obtains.
This example DDC, correlator, losing lock judge, losing lock recapture module is realized in FPGA, FPGA model
XC2V3000。
The flash that the example additionally provides a kind of satellite communication signals judges and quickly recaptures method, specifically includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, when satellite-signal normal acquisition and tracking, according to correlator at this time export RNormally(m), estimation is normal
In the case of RNormally(m) range value RNormally, the correlator output value of corresponding m-th of the information symbol of R (m), m is 1~M of value, wherein M
For the length of sliding window.
In embodiment, R under normal circumstances is estimatedNormally(m) range value RNormally, formula is as follows, and wherein M is sliding window
Length takes M=32；
Step 2, by RNormallyValue storage, recapturing unlocked module refreshed in time according to certain frequency, the work of this step
With being continuous to update RNormallyValue, if a certain correlator value R and RNormallyWhen more than preset thresholding, it is believed that flash occurs.
In embodiment, recapturing unlocked module is by RNormallyValue storage, and refreshed in time according to certain frequency；
Step 3, progress correlator calculate in real time, and R is the real-time amplitude of correlator output, and correlation R is sent by correlator
In losing lock judgment module；
Because flash judgement needs to obtain each moment correlator output value, the normal value of correlator output is compared to judge
Whether flash.This step can obtain the correlator output value R at each moment, and correlator output value R feeding losing lock is judged mould
Block, the correlator output value R in the case of the normal capture of user's comparisonNormally。
Step 4, as R < ε RNormally, when 0≤ε < 1, judge that signal flash occurs, wherein ε is arranged by user oneself, and record dodges
The disconnected moment is t, and the pseudo-code phase at flash moment is Φ1(t), pseudo-code Doppler f'd1(t)。
The meaning of this step is to be judged as flash when correlation R is less than certain value, related because when signal flash
Value can decline rapidly.Flash moment, the pseudo-code phase at flash moment, pseudo-code Doppler are recorded simultaneously, it is convenient when estimation is recaptured
The pseudo-code phase at quarter and pseudo-code Doppler.
In embodiment, as R < ε RNormally, when 0≤ε < 1, losing lock judgment module judges that signal flash occurs, and wherein ε can be regarded
Depending on concrete condition, ε=1/8 is taken herein, as R < RNormallyWhen/8, it is judged as signal flash, enters step (5), such as there is no dodging
It is disconnected, then enter step (3) continue to judge whether correlator output value is normal.
Step 5, signal flash are had no progeny, and the normal pseudo-code phase that recapturing unlocked module is recorded in t moment is Φ1(t), pseudo- how general
Le frequency is f'd1(t), T is divided between flash timeloss.Since signal has occurred and that flash, recapturing unlocked module starting pair
The pseudo-code phase changing value ΔΦ at moment is recaptured in the recapture of signal, estimationloss, pseudo-code Doppler's changing value Δ f'd1(t)。
In the step, in signal flash, the pseudo-code phase of flash break recapturing module tracer signal and pseudo- Doppler frequency, base
Signal pseudo-code phase and pseudo- Doppler's frequency in the pseudo-code phase and pseudo- Doppler frequency of record, after releasing flash for a period of time
Rate, from the basis of the new pseudo-code phase of estimation and pseudo- Doppler frequency fast Acquisition to signal.During flash, Ke Yigen
It, can be extrapolated through after a period of time according to the pseudo-code phase recorded before flash and pseudo- Doppler frequency and flash time interval
The probable ranges of pseudo- doppler values and pseudo-code phase afterwards, therefore, it is not necessary to entire two-dimensional space using frequency domain algorithm into
Row point by point search, and only need for be limited in search range in a lesser range.According to the uplink signal before no losing lock
Pseudo- Doppler is f'd1(t), it calculates by flash time TlossAfterwards, that is, t+TlossPseudo- Doppler's estimated value at momentFormula it is as follows.
Since there are linear relationships, i.e. the variation ratio of code Doppler and carrier doppler for code Doppler and carrier doppler
Identical, recapturing unlocked module estimates pseudo-code phase changes delta Φloss。
T: at the time of flash occurs for satellite communication signals
Tloss: the duration after flash occurs
t+Tloss: at the time of being recaptured, i.e. the time of generation flash adds the duration of flash
f'd1(t): uplink signal puppet Doppler when t moment, i.e. signal flash
When being recaptured, the uplink signal puppet Doppler of estimation
Δf'd1(t): after flash occurs, the changing value of uplink signal puppet Doppler
fc: carrier frequency
Rc: bit rate
In embodiment, uplink signal puppet Doppler when according to signal flash is f'd1(t), it calculates by flash time
It is spaced TlossAfterwards, that is, t+TlossPseudo- Doppler's estimated value at moment
In embodiment, since there are linear relationships, i.e. code Doppler and carrier doppler for code Doppler and carrier doppler
Variation ratio it is identical, recapturing unlocked module estimates pseudo-code phase changes delta Φloss.Carrier frequency is 2GHz in embodiment,
Bit rate is 10.23Mcps.
The search range of Doppler frequency, is arranged in the error of estimated value by step 6, the evaluated error based on pseudo- Doppler
In range, the search range of pseudo- Doppler frequency isδfd1It indicates the error range of estimation frequency, determines
δfd1Value, the pseudo- Doppler spread for needing to search for be 2 δ fd1, take the search lattice point of carrier doppler for the 1/k of symbol rate,
Then need to search for sum altogetherf=2 δ fd1×k/RsA Frequency point, RsFor character rate.
In embodiment, it is contemplated that the search range of Doppler frequency can be arranged and estimate by the evaluated error of pseudo- Doppler
Near evaluation, the search range of pseudo- Doppler frequency isDetermine δ fd1Value, take δ f hereind1For 2kHz,
Therefore needing the pseudo- Doppler spread searched for is 4kHz, and taking the search lattice point of carrier doppler is the 1/4 of symbol rate, and symbol
Rate is 2000bps, sumf=4kHz × 4/2000bps=8 then needs to search for 8 Frequency points altogether.
Step 7 calculates pseudo-code phase changes delta ΦlossThe N number of chip of estimated bias.
In embodiment, due to f'd1(t+Tloss) estimated bias take Δ fd1For 2KHz, then ΔΦlossEstimated bias be 5
A chip.
Step 8 is to prevent code phase from going beyond the scope, and 2N chip is expanded as in search range, that is, searches for 4N chip phase
Position.
In the embodiment, to prevent code phase from going beyond the scope, search range can be expanded to ± 2N, i.e. ± 10 chips
Range, it is therefore desirable to search for 20 chip phases.
Step 9, the scouting interval that chip is arranged are CgA chip, i.e. search 4N/CgA code phase；
In embodiment, the scouting interval that chip is arranged is Cg=0.5 chip, then needing to search for sumc=40 code phases
Position.
Step 10, in new two-dimensional search section, comprehensively consider the search of carrier wave and code phase, need to carry out altogether
sumcor=sumc×sumfSecondary related operation.
When the region of search, some correlation amplitude put is greater than thresholding, then it is assumed that flash terminates, and otherwise, re-starts new
Search, judges whether flash terminates.In embodiment, in new two-dimensional search section, searching for carrier wave and code phase is comprehensively considered
Rope (8 frequency points, 40 code phases), needs to carry out 8 × 40=320 times related operation altogether.This programme correlator carries out primary
The time of related operation is 128 μ s, then completes whole search and need 128 × 320=40.96ms.When some point of the region of search
Correlation amplitude be greater than thresholding (thresholding be set as normal value 0.8 times), then it is assumed that flash terminates, and otherwise, re-starts new
Search, judges whether flash terminates.
Step 11, when judging that flash terminates, the code phase of respective point is sent into correlator, carrier frequency and initial phase
It is sent in DDC, the initial value as tracking.
In embodiment, when judging that flash terminates, i.e., the code phase of the point is sent into correlator, carrier frequency and initial phase
Position is sent in DDC, the initial value as tracking.Correlation reaches setting normal value when the criterion that embodiment restores flash
0.8 times.
As shown in figure 3, frequency search section is 2 δ f under normal circumstances to recapture the stylish region of searchd1, phase search
Section is 4 ΔΦsloss.The step of by example flash judgement and quickly recapturing method can be seen that, this example frequency is searched for
Section is 4kHz, and phase search section is 80 code phases.
The performance evaluation of flash break recapturing example is as follows:
As previously described, signal flash is had no progeny the calculating time of recapture are as follows: 40.96ms.
Detection probability: as R < RNormallyWhen/8, judge that signal flash occurs, after tested, false-alarm probability (the i.e. signal of this method
There is no flash and be mistakenly considered flash) it is 0.0002, the detection probability of signal flash is 99.2%.
Protection scope of the present invention example more than that, and be the judgement of used flash and signal of the invention and recapture
Thinking.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of flash of star signal of communication judges and quickly recaptures device, including DDC, correlator, losing lock judgment module and mistake
Lock recaptures module；It is characterized by:
Wherein DDC is digital down converter, and for signal to be carried out Digital Down Convert, the output signal of DDC is divided into two-way, all the way
Input correlator do correlation judgement, all the way directly by signal r (n) be sent into losing lock trapping module, if system be in signal at
Function trapped state, recapturing unlocked module can Direct Acquisition signals；
Correlator is used to extract information from interference and noise using the correlation properties of address code, and exports correlation R (m)；
Losing lock judgment module be used for judge extraction information whether losing lock；
Recapturing unlocked module resets the code phase of correlator in the case where judging losing lock, restarts signal capture.
2. a kind of flash of satellite communication signals judges and quickly recaptures method, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, when satellite-signal normal acquisition and tracking, according to correlator at this time export RNormally(m), estimate normal condition
Lower RNormally(m) range value RNormally, the correlator output value of corresponding m-th of the information symbol of R (m), m is 1~M of value, and wherein M is to slide
The length of dynamic window；
Step 2, by RNormallyValue storage, recapturing unlocked module is refreshed according to the frequency of setting, to constantly update RNormally
Value, if a certain correlator value R and RNormallyDeviation is more than setting thresholding, then it is assumed that flash occurs；
Step 3, progress correlator calculate in real time, and R is the real-time amplitude of correlator output, and correlation R is sent into losing lock by correlator
In judgment module, in which:
Step 4, as R < ε RNormally, when 0≤ε < 1, judge that signal flash occurs, wherein ε is arranged by user oneself, when recording flash
Carving is t, and the pseudo-code phase at flash moment is Φ1(t), pseudo-code Doppler fd'1(t)；
Step 5, signal flash are had no progeny, and the normal pseudo-code phase that recapturing unlocked module is recorded in t moment is Φ1(t), pseudo- Doppler's frequency
Rate is fd'1(t), T is divided between flash timeloss；Since signal has occurred and that flash, recapturing unlocked module starting is to signal
Recapture, estimation recaptures the pseudo-code phase changing value ΔΦ at momentloss, pseudo-code Doppler's changing value Δ fd'1(t)；
The search range of Doppler frequency is arranged in estimate error range for step 6, the evaluated error based on pseudo- Doppler
Interior, the search range of pseudo- Doppler frequency isδfd1The error range for indicating estimation frequency, determines δ fd1
Value, the pseudo- Doppler spread of search is 2 δ fd1, take the search lattice point of carrier doppler for the 1/k of symbol rate, then need altogether
Search for sumf=2 δ fd1×k/RsA Frequency point, RsFor character rate；
Step 7 calculates pseudo-code phase changes delta ΦlossThe N number of chip of estimated bias；
Step 8 is to prevent code phase from going beyond the scope, and 2N chip is expanded as in search range, that is, searches for 4N chip phase；
Step 9, the scouting interval that chip is arranged are CgA chip, i.e. search sumc=4N/CgA code phase；
Step 10, in new two-dimensional search section, carry out sumcor=sumc×sumfSecondary related operation；When some point of the region of search
Correlation amplitude be greater than thresholding, then it is assumed that flash terminates, and otherwise, re-starts new search, judges whether flash terminates；
Step 11, when judging that flash terminates, the code phase of respective point is sent into correlator, carrier frequency and initial phase are sent into
Initial value into DDC, as tracking.
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