CN109584688A - The Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation - Google Patents
The Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109584688A CN109584688A CN201811623513.2A CN201811623513A CN109584688A CN 109584688 A CN109584688 A CN 109584688A CN 201811623513 A CN201811623513 A CN 201811623513A CN 109584688 A CN109584688 A CN 109584688A
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- experimental tank
- water bath
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- organic solvent
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/16—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for science of heat
Abstract
A kind of Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation, pedestal is equipped with water bath with cover, thermal baffle is equipped in water bath, water bath is divided into left chamber and right chamber by thermal baffle, left chamber and right chamber are equipped with water, semiconductor chilling plate is embedded on thermal baffle, water bath is covered equipped with left experimental tank 3 above left chamber, water bath is covered equipped with right experimental tank above right chamber, left experimental tank and right experimental tank are under water, left experimental tank is equipped with left valve and is connected by left valve with left vacuum pump, right experimental tank is equipped with right valve and is connected by right valve with right vacuum pump, left experimental tank and right experimental tank are provided with the identical same organic solvent of liquid level, pedestal is equipped with laser stent on front side of water bath, laser stent is equipped with the identical left semiconductor laser of height and right semiconductor laser Device, water bath rear side are provided with film viewing screen.The present invention has the advantages that design is reasonable, structure is simple, experimentation is simple and clear.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to teaching and experiment equipment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation can
Depending on changing apparatus for demonstrating.
Background technique
When liquid evaporates in limited confined space, at a certain temperature, the steam institute to balance each other is in liquid
The pressure having is known as saturated vapour pressure.Same substance has different saturated vapour pressures at different temperatures, and with temperature
It increases and increases.Saturated vapour pressure is an important physical property of liquid, the boiling point of liquid, liquid mixture it is relatively volatile
Degree etc. is all associated therewith.The research of saturated vapour pressure and temperature relation is " calorifics ", " Engineering Thermodynamics ", " physical chemistry "
A very important experiment can deepen student couple by observing the relationship of temperature and saturated vapor pressure in equal experimental teachings
The understanding of saturated vapor pressure.But existing experimental provision be all by under instrumental observation different temperatures saturated vapor pressure it is big
Small, student intuitively sense temperature can not change the influence to saturated vapor pressure, and especially observation is caused due to temperature change
The new establishment process that balances each other in liquid surface evaporation form situation of change.This is unfavorable for student and manages deeply from microcosmic angle
Solve the physical significance of saturated vapor pressure.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in providing, a kind of design is reasonable, structure is simple, experimentation is intuitively bright
Saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation Visualization Demo device.
Solve technical solution used by above-mentioned technical problem are as follows: water bath with cover is provided on pedestal, in water bath
Middle part is provided with thermal baffle, and water bath is divided into left chamber and right chamber by thermal baffle, and left chamber and right chamber are provided with
Liquid level identical water is inlaid with semiconductor chilling plate on thermal baffle, and water bath, which covers, above left chamber is provided with
Left experimental tank, water bath, which covers, above right chamber is provided with right experimental tank, and left experimental tank is identical with the structure of right experimental tank
And be quartz glass seals slot, left experimental tank and right experimental tank are located at the depth in water bath and identical soak in water, Zuo Shi
Check of foundation subsoil is provided with left valve and by left valve and the left vacuum pump phase on pedestal on the side wall of notch or in slot cover
Connection, right experimental tank are provided with right valve and by right valves and the right side on pedestal on the side wall of notch or in slot cover
Vacuum pump is connected, and left experimental tank and right experimental tank are provided with the identical same organic solvent of liquid level, organic solvent
Liquid level is less than the volume of left experimental tank higher than the volume of water bath cap upper surface and organic solvent, positioned at the front side pedestal of water bath
On be provided with laser stent, height identical left semiconductor laser and right semiconductor laser is provided on laser stent
Device, left laser semiconductor exit portal are directed at left experimental tank, and right laser semiconductor exit portal is directed at right experimental tank,
The laser beam central axes of left semiconductor laser and the outgoing of right semiconductor laser are generally aligned in the same plane with organic solvent liquid level, left
Semiconductor laser is identical with the dispersion angle of right semiconductor laser shoot laser beam, and sight is provided on rear side of water bath
Examine screen.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, organic solvent liquid level is higher than water bath cap upper surface in the left experimental tank
1cm~5cm, the volume of organic solvent are the 1/3 of left experimental tank total volume.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the organic solvent is acetone or alcohol or ether.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the dispersion angle of the laser beam is 5~15 °.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the geometry of the water bath is cuboid, the left experimental tank
Geometry be cuboid.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention is powered using the semiconductor chilling plate into water bath, while the indoor water of left chamber being made to form cold water, the right side
The indoor water of chamber forms hot water, and left chamber's inner cold water provides the lower heat source of temperature to the organic solvent volatilization in left experimental tank；
The hot water of right chamber provides the higher heat source of temperature to the organic solvent volatilization in right experimental tank；It is defeated using left semiconductor laser
Surface of organic solvent of the divergent laser beam out in left experimental tank projects the left light formed on the viewing screen through left experimental tank
The surface of organic solvent of image and the divergent laser beam of right semiconductor laser output in right experimental tank penetrates right experimental tank
Project the right optical imagery formed on the viewing screen, table when real-time display organic solvent volatilizees at lower temperatures and higher temperature
The turbulence variable condition in face reaches stable time order and function by left optical imagery on film viewing screen and right optical imagery, realizes
The Visualization Demo of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation especially by Visualization Demo can intuitively see saturated vapor
The forming process of pressure, physical significance of the observer from microcosmic angle profound understanding saturated vapor pressure.The present invention have structure it is simple,
At low cost, simple and clear advantage is particularly suitable for experimental demonstration under the conditions of laboratory and classroom.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is top view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is left view of the invention.
Fig. 4 is to form stable left optical imagery after reaching saturated vapour pressure in embodiment 1 in left experimental tank 3.
Fig. 5 is the right optical picture that dynamic change is formed when not reaching saturated vapour pressure in embodiment 1 in right experimental tank 6
Picture.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment party
Formula.
Embodiment 1
In figs. 1 to 3, the Visualization Demo device of the saturated vapor pressure of the present embodiment and temperature relation is by water bath 1, a left side
Valve 2, left experimental tank 3, film viewing screen 4, thermal baffle 5, right experimental tank 6, right valve 7, right vacuum pump 8, semiconductor chilling plate 9,
Pedestal 10, left vacuum pump 11, right semiconductor laser 12, laser stent 13, left semiconductor laser 14 connect and compose.
Water bath 1 with cover is installed, the geometry of water bath 1 is cuboid, is pacified at the middle part of water bath 1 on pedestal 10
Equipped with thermal baffle 5, water bath 1 is separated into left chamber and right chamber by thermal baffle 5, and left chamber and right chamber are provided with liquid level
Highly identical water is inlaid with semiconductor chilling plate 9 on thermal baffle 5, and water bath, which covers, above left chamber is equipped with a left side
Experimental tank 3, water bath, which covers, above right chamber is equipped with right experimental tank 6, and left experimental tank 3 is cuboid quartz glass seals
Slot, the structure of right experimental tank 6 is identical as left experimental tank 3, and it is identical that left experimental tank 3 and right experimental tank 6 are located at the depth in water bath 1
Under water, left experimental tank 3 is equipped with left valve 2 on the side wall of notch and by left valve 2 and on pedestal 10
Left vacuum pump 11 be connected, right experimental tank 6 is equipped with right valve 7 on the side wall of notch and by right valve 7 and being located at
Right vacuum pump 8 on pedestal 10 is connected, and left experimental tank 3 is provided with acetone solvent, and the liquid level of acetone solvent is covered than water bath
The high 3cm in surface, 1/3 that volume is left 3 total volume of experimental tank, right experimental tank 6 is provided with acetone solvent, acetone in right experimental tank 6
The liquid level of solvent is identical as the liquid level of acetone solvent in left experimental tank 3, pacifies on the front side pedestal 10 of water bath 1
Equipped with laser stent 13, the identical left semiconductor laser 14 of height and right semiconductor laser are installed on laser stent 13
Device 12, left 14 laser emitting mouth of semiconductor laser are directed at left experimental tank 3, and right 12 laser emitting mouth of semiconductor laser alignment is right
The laser beam central axes and acetone solvent liquid level position that experimental tank 6, left semiconductor laser 14 and right semiconductor laser 12 are emitted
In same plane, left semiconductor laser 14 is identical with the dispersion angle of right 12 shoot laser beam of semiconductor laser, is
10 °, film viewing screen 4 is installed positioned at the rear side of water bath 1, film viewing screen 4 is emitted for the left semiconductor laser 14 of real-time display
Laser beam forms the laser beam that left optical imagery and right semiconductor laser 12 are emitted through left chamber on film viewing screen 4 and penetrates the right side
Chamber forms right optical imagery on film viewing screen 4.
When experiment, with left vacuum pump 11 and right vacuum pump 8 respectively on acetone solvent in left experimental tank 3 and right experimental tank 6
Side space vacuumizes, and keeps left experimental tank 3 identical with the vacuum degree of acetone solvent upper space in right experimental tank 6, to semiconductor system
Cold 9 energization, 9 left side of semiconductor chilling plate after energization is huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles), right side is hot face, the hot face of semiconductor chilling plate 9
Cool down to the indoor water heating of right chamber, huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) to the indoor water of left chamber, then the water in left chamber is molten to the acetone in left experimental tank 3
Agent volatilization provides the lower heat source of temperature, and the water in right chamber is higher to the acetone solvent volatilization offer temperature in right experimental tank 6
Heat source, the laser beam that left semiconductor laser 14 is emitted forms left optical imagery through left chamber on film viewing screen 4, and the right side is partly led
The laser beam that body laser 12 is emitted forms right optical imagery, left optical imagery real-time display through right chamber on film viewing screen 4
The turbulence state on surface when acetone solvent volatilizees at a lower temperature in left experimental tank 3, the right right experiment of optical imagery real-time display
The turbulence state on surface when acetone solvent volatilizees at relatively high temperatures in slot 6；Since the water temperature in left sink is lower, left experimental tank
The space on acetone solvent top reaches saturated vapour pressure first in 3, and the left optical imagery on film viewing screen 4 reaches stable shape first
Saturation has not been reached yet in the space on acetone solvent top in right experimental tank 6 as shown in figure 4, the water temperature in right sink is higher in state
Vapour pressure, acetone solvent surface is also in turbulence volatileness, and the right optical imagery on film viewing screen 4 is also in dynamic change, such as
Right optical imagery shown in Fig. 5, after waiting the space on acetone solvent top in right experimental tank 6 to reach saturated vapour pressure, on film viewing screen 4
Reach stable；Stable time order and function is reached by left optical imagery on film viewing screen 4 and right optical imagery, realizes saturation
The Visualization Demo of vapour pressure and temperature relation.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, water bath 1 with cover is installed on pedestal 10, thermal baffle is installed at the middle part of water bath 1
5, water bath 1 is separated into left chamber and right chamber by thermal baffle 5, and it is identical that left chamber and right chamber are provided with liquid level
Water is inlaid with semiconductor chilling plate 9 on thermal baffle 5, and water bath, which covers, above left chamber is equipped with left experimental tank 3, position
Water bath, which covers, above right chamber is equipped with right experimental tank 6, and left experimental tank 3 is equipped with left valve 2 on the side wall of notch
And be connected by left valve 2 with the left vacuum pump 11 being located on pedestal 10, right experimental tank 6 is equipped on the side wall of notch
Right valve 7 and it is connected by right valve 7 with the right vacuum pump 8 on the pedestal 10, left experimental tank 3 is provided with spirit solvent,
Than water bath cap upper surface, 1cm high, volume is the 1/3 of left 3 total volume of experimental tank to the liquid level of spirit solvent, and right experimental tank 6 is built-in
There is spirit solvent, the liquid level of spirit solvent is identical as the liquid level of spirit solvent in left experimental tank 3 in right experimental tank 6,
Laser stent 13 is installed on the front side pedestal 10 of water bath 1, a height identical left side is installed on laser stent 13
Semiconductor laser 14 and right semiconductor laser 12,12 shoot laser beam of left semiconductor laser 14 and right semiconductor laser
Dispersion angle it is identical, be 5 °, film viewing screen 4 be installed positioned at the rear side of water bath 1.The connection of other components and components
Relationship is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, water bath 1 with cover is installed on pedestal 10, thermal baffle is installed at the middle part of water bath 1
5, water bath 1 is separated into left chamber and right chamber by thermal baffle 5, and it is identical that left chamber and right chamber are provided with liquid level
Water is inlaid with semiconductor chilling plate 9 on thermal baffle 5, and water bath, which covers, above left chamber is equipped with left experimental tank 3, position
Water bath, which covers, above right chamber is equipped with right experimental tank 6, and left experimental tank 3 is equipped with left valve 2 on the side wall of notch
And be connected by left valve 2 with the left vacuum pump 11 being located on pedestal 10, right experimental tank 6 is equipped on the side wall of notch
Right valve 7 and it is connected by right valve 7 with the right vacuum pump 8 on the pedestal 10, left experimental tank 3 is provided with ether solvent,
Than water bath cap upper surface, 5cm high, volume is the 1/3 of left 3 total volume of experimental tank to the liquid level of ether solvent, and right experimental tank 6 is built-in
There is ether solvent, the liquid level of ether solvent is identical as the liquid level of ether solvent in left experimental tank 3 in right experimental tank 6,
Laser stent 13 is installed on the front side pedestal 10 of water bath 1, a height identical left side is installed on laser stent 13
Semiconductor laser 14 and right semiconductor laser 12,12 shoot laser beam of left semiconductor laser 14 and right semiconductor laser
Dispersion angle it is identical, be 15 °, film viewing screen 4 be installed positioned at the rear side of water bath 1.The company of other components and components
It is same as Example 1 to connect relationship.
Embodiment 4
In 1~embodiment of above embodiments 3, be equipped in left 3 slot cover of experimental tank left valve 2 and by left valve 2 with
Left vacuum pump 11 on pedestal 10 is connected, and right valve 7 is equipped in right 6 slot cover of experimental tank and by right valve 7 and position
It is connected in the right vacuum pump 8 on pedestal 10.The connection relationship of other components and components is identical as corresponding embodiment.
Working principle of the present invention is as follows:
When organic solvent volatilizees in limited closed container, organic solvent molecule is constantly escaped into upper space, due to molten
Kinetic energy when agent molecule escapes is of different sizes, will form continually changing organic solvent molecule concentration gradient in space, also
It is refractive index gradient, is at this moment changed by the laser beam in the region by synchronous deviation occurs, projection forms dynamic on the viewing screen
The optical imagery of state variation.When organic solvent molecule evolution and condensation reach balance, i.e., reached in the space on organic solvent top
When to saturated vapour pressure, solvent molecule concentration (refractive index) gradient of surface of organic solvent upper area disappears, and passes through the region
Laser beam deviation no longer occurs, at this moment the dynamic optical image on film viewing screen becomes stable optical imagery.Due to left experiment
It is same organic solvent in slot 3 and right experimental tank 6, the organic solvent in experiment in left experimental tank 3 is in lower temperature, Zuo Shi
The space on organic solvent top reaches saturated vapour pressure first in check of foundation subsoil 3, and surface of organic solvent penetrates left reality along left experimental tank 3
The left optical imagery that the laser beam projects of check of foundation subsoil 3 are formed on the viewing screen reaches stable first；And it is organic molten in right experimental tank 6
Agent is in higher temperature, and the kinetic energy of organic solvent molecule is larger, and the evolution and condensation of organic solvent molecule reach the time of balance
Long, the saturated vapour pressure of formation is big, i.e., surface of organic solvent exists through the laser beam projects of right experimental tank 6 along right experimental tank 6
The time that the right optical imagery formed on film viewing screen 4 reaches stable is long.Therefore stable left light is formed on film viewing screen by comparing
The time order and function for learning image and right optical imagery, realizes the Visualization Demo of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation.
Claims (5)
1. the Visualization Demo device of a kind of saturated vapor pressure and temperature relation, it is characterised in that: pedestal is provided with band on (10)
Lid water bath (1) is provided with thermal baffle (5) in the middle part of water bath (1), and water bath (1) is divided into a left side by thermal baffle (5)
Chamber and right chamber, left chamber and right chamber are provided with the identical water of liquid level, and thermal baffle is inlaid with semiconductor system on (5)
Cold (9), water bath, which covers, above left chamber is provided with left experimental tank (3), and water bath, which covers, above right chamber sets
It is equipped with right experimental tank (6), left experimental tank (3) is identical with the structure of right experimental tank (6) and is quartz glass seals slot, left experiment
Slot (3) and right experimental tank (6) are located at that the depth in water bath (1) is identical under water, and left experimental tank (3) is close to the side of notch
It is provided with left valve (2) on wall or in slot cover and is connected by left valve (2) with the left vacuum pump (11) being located on pedestal (10)
Logical, right experimental tank (6) is provided with right valve (7) and by right valve (7) and the bottom of positioned on the side wall of notch or in slot cover
Right vacuum pump (8) on seat (10) is connected, and it is identical same that left experimental tank (3) and right experimental tank (6) are provided with liquid level
Kind organic solvent, the liquid level of organic solvent is higher than water bath cap upper surface and the volume of organic solvent is less than left experimental tank (3)
Volume is located on the front side pedestal (10) of water bath (1) and is provided with laser stent (13), and laser stent is provided on (13)
Highly identical left semiconductor laser (14) and right semiconductor laser (12), left semiconductor laser (14) laser emitting mouth
It is directed at left experimental tank 3, right semiconductor laser (12) laser emitting mouth is directed at right experimental tank (6), left semiconductor laser (14)
It is generally aligned in the same plane with the laser beam central axes of right semiconductor laser (12) outgoing with organic solvent liquid level, left semiconductor laser
Device (14) is identical with the dispersion angle of right semiconductor laser (12) shoot laser beam, is located on rear side of water bath (1) and is provided with
Film viewing screen (4).
2. the Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure according to claim 1 and temperature relation, it is characterised in that: described
The interior organic solvent liquid level of left experimental tank (3) it is 1cm~5cm higher than water bath cap upper surface, the volume of organic solvent is left experiment
The 1/3 of slot (3) total volume.
3. the Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure according to claim 1 or 2 and temperature relation, it is characterised in that:
The organic solvent is acetone or alcohol or ether.
4. the Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure according to claim 1 and temperature relation, it is characterised in that: described
The dispersion angle of laser beam is 5~15 °.
5. the Visualization Demo device of saturated vapor pressure according to claim 1 and temperature relation, it is characterised in that: described
The geometry of water bath (1) be cuboid, the geometry of the left experimental tank (3) is cuboid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811623513.2A CN109584688B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Visual demonstration device for relation between saturated vapor pressure and temperature |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811623513.2A CN109584688B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Visual demonstration device for relation between saturated vapor pressure and temperature |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109584688A true CN109584688A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
| CN109584688B CN109584688B (en) | 2020-11-17 |
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Citations (7)
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| WO2018221531A1 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-06 | 学校法人近畿大学 | Method and device for reducing hto concentration in hto-containing aqueous solution |
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2018
- 2018-12-28 CN CN201811623513.2A patent/CN109584688B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4974227A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1990-11-27 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Low-pressure mercury resonance radiation source |
| CN1945286A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2007-04-11 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Water steam correcting absorptive pool based on saturated steam pressure |
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| CN104392644A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2015-03-04 | 山东恒导石油化工股份有限公司 | Organic heat carrier saturated vapor pressure experiment device and process |
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| WO2018221531A1 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-06 | 学校法人近畿大学 | Method and device for reducing hto concentration in hto-containing aqueous solution |
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