CN109584440A - A kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control - Google Patents
A kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control Download PDFInfo
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- CN109584440A CN109584440A CN201811243189.1A CN201811243189A CN109584440A CN 109584440 A CN109584440 A CN 109584440A CN 201811243189 A CN201811243189 A CN 201811243189A CN 109584440 A CN109584440 A CN 109584440A
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- yuan
- vending machine
- automatic vending
- coin
- control unit
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
- G07F9/04—Means for returning surplus or unused coins
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
- G07F9/003—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus displaying the inserted coins
Abstract
A kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control of the present invention, belongs to vending equipment field；Provide the automatic vending machine based on FPGA control that a kind of speed of service is fast, scalability is strong；Technical solution are as follows: including FPGA control module and money discriminator, money discriminator is equipped with coin slot, FPGA control module includes frequency divider and key control unit, the output end of frequency divider is connected with the clock signal input terminal of key control unit, coin slot is connect through money discriminator with key control unit, and key control unit is realized by finite state machine；The true and false that money discriminator inserts coin for identification；The period is longer, shakes lower stable clock signal for obtaining for frequency divider；Finite state machine is used to put into the quantity of different coins according to coin slot, realizes the conversion between different conditions, and controls selling for merchandise of automatic vending machine and operate with small change.
Description
Technical field
A kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control of the present invention, belongs to vending equipment technical field.
Background technique
Automatic vending machine is a kind of sale equipment of automatic control, its function is the coin total value automatic selling according to investment
Goods and small change.Automatic vending machine, can be big in volumes of the flow of passengers such as airport, subway, parks due to not limited by when and where
Place automatic vending commodity, this mode of doing business intelligence degree is high, it is convenient and efficient, save manpower to the greatest extent, thus
It is very widely used.
Currently, it is core controller that automatic vending machine in the market, which is based on single-chip microcontroller mostly, due to single-chip microcontroller price
It is cheap and be widely adopted.But be that sequence executes based on the automatic vending machine internal processes that single-chip microcontroller is core controller,
Therefore, the problems such as processing speed is slower, Caton can often occurs, crash, or even sell goods with small change mistake, needs periodically to carry out people
Work processing.
Summary of the invention
The invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control, packets
Include FPGA control module and money discriminator, money discriminator is equipped with coin slot, FPGA control module include frequency divider and
Key control unit, the output end of frequency divider are connected with the clock signal input terminal of key control unit, and coin slot is known through currency
Other device is connect with key control unit, and key control unit is realized by finite state machine；
The true and false that money discriminator inserts coin for identification；The period is longer, shakes lower stabilization for obtaining for frequency divider
Clock signal；Finite state machine is used to put into the quantity of different coins according to coin slot, realizes the conversion between different conditions, and
Selling for control merchandise of automatic vending machine is operated with small change.
Further, the port of the frequency divider includes that clock signal input terminal mouth, reseting port and low-frequency clock signal are defeated
Exit port, low-frequency clock signal output port are connected with the clock signal input terminal of the key control unit.
Further, all State Encoding Styles of the finite state machine are 3bit Gray code.
It further, further include crystal oscillator, key, output port and small change mouth, the clock signal input terminal mouth of crystal oscillator and frequency divider
It is connected, for providing high frequency clock signal, key is connected crystal oscillator with the input port of frequency divider and key control unit, and key is used
Operating after powering on to the reset of frequency divider and key control unit, output port and small change mouth are respectively used to commodity and change
Output.
Further, the coin slot includes the first coin slot and the second coin slot, and the first coin slot is hard for inputting 1 yuan
Coin, the second coin slot is for inputting 0.5 yuan of coin.
It further, further include the first indicator light and the second indicator light, the first indicator light and the second indicator light and the core
The output end of control unit is connected, and the first indicator light is arranged at the small change mouth, and the second indicator light is arranged in the output port
Place；When the small change mouth output change, the first indicator light is lighted；When the output port output commodity, the second indicator light is lighted.
Further, the coin of the small change mouth output is 0.5 yuan.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art.
1. the present invention has the characteristics that integrated level is high, stability is good, meanwhile, implementation method is flexible, it is easy to debug and modify,
Has the characteristics that field-programmable.
2. the present invention compensates for the control model that monolithic microcomputer kernel controller sequence executes, arithmetic speed faster, operation energy
Power is stronger, and more processing tasks are completed within each clock cycle.
3. the present invention directly can control input and output port in hardware view by way of programming, provided for user
Faster response time.
4. the present invention is realized by limit state machine, all possibilities of user's operation can have not only been covered, but also will not repeat to locate
Reason has better met the demand of industry popularization and application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the implementation flow chart of the finite state machine in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the state transition diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the waveform diagram that the embodiment of the present invention is exported when the sequence that inserts coin is 1 yuan, 0.5 yuan, 0.5 yuan and 1 yuan.
Fig. 5 is the waveform diagram that the embodiment of the present invention is exported when the sequence that inserts coin is 0.5 yuan, 1 yuan, 0.5 yuan what 1 yuan.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control of the present invention, including crystal oscillator, key, FPGA control mould
Block, coin slot, money discriminator, output port and small change mouth.The input end of clock mouth of crystal oscillator and frequency divider connection, effect be for
Entire vendor system provides the basic clock signal of 50MHz；The reseting port and key control unit of key and frequency divider
Reseting port connection, for the reset operation after system electrification；FPGA control module includes frequency divider and key control unit, is divided
Frequency device includes clock signal input terminal mouth, reseting port and low-frequency clock signal output port, and the effect of frequency divider is for core
Control unit provides the low-frequency clock signal that frequency range is 1KHz-50MHz；Key control unit includes clock signal input terminal
Mouth, reseting port, coin slot, output port and small change mouth, key control unit realize that effect is root by finite state machine
The quantity of different coins is put into according to coin slot, realizes the conversion between different conditions, and control selling for merchandise of automatic vending machine
It is operated with small change, is the core of automatic vending machine；Money discriminator is placed between coin slot and key control unit, for knowing
The true and false not inserted coin；The low-frequency clock signal output port of frequency divider and the clock signal input terminal mouth of key control unit
Connection, coin slot are connect through money discriminator with key control unit, output port and small change the mouth difference of key control unit
Output for commodity and change.
Coin slot includes the first coin slot and the second coin slot, and the first coin slot is for inputting 1 yuan of coin, the second coin slot
For inputting 0.5 yuan of coin.The coin of small change mouth output is 0.5 yuan.
Automatic vending machine of the present invention is additionally provided with the first indicator light and the second indicator light, the first indicator light and the second indicator light with
The output end of key control unit is connected, and the first indicator light is arranged at small change mouth, and the second indicator light is arranged at output port；It looks for
When zero mouthful of output change, the first indicator light is lighted；When output port exports commodity, the second indicator light is lighted.Indicator light is for reminding
User's shipment and small change.
Frequency divider can be realized arbitrary integer between 1-50K and divide, and the acquisition period is longer, shakes lower stabilizing clock letter
Number, to reduce influence caused by external disturbance.FPGA control module uses the Cyclone III series using Altera
EP3C5E144C8 chip, the chip have the characteristics that low-power consumption, multi-functional, inexpensive.The stateful jump of institute in FPGA control module
Change is all rising edge clock triggering, and State Encoding Style uses bit wide for the Gray code of 3bit.
Automatic vending machine in the present embodiment can only receive 1 yuan and 0.5 yuan of two kinds of coin.1 can only once be sold
The commodity that part price is 2.5 yuan.1 small change can only be occurred by once selling, the coin that change amount is 0.5 yuan.As shown in Fig. 2,
Details are as follows for the implementing procedure of vending machine of the present invention:
Step 1, the port input and output (I/O) for defining entire FPGA control module.Input port have altogether there are four, respectively when
Clock signal port clk, reseting port rst_n, 1 yuan of coin port one_yuan and 0.5 yuan of coin port half_yuan, output
There are four port is total, respectively shipment port dispense, small change port half_out, small change end indicator light Led1, shipment end
Indicator light Led2, the bit wide of input/output signal are all 1bit；Verilog LISP program LISP is as follows:
module seller(clk,rst_n,one_yuan,half_yuan,half_out,dispense,Led1,Led2);
For the definition of all input/output ports
input clk,rst_n;For system clock reset signal
input one_yuan;To input 1 yuan of signal
input half_yuan;To input 0.5 yuan of signal
output reg half_out,Led1;For output small change signal and small change indicator light
output reg dispense, Led2;For output commodity signal and shipment indicator light
endmodule
Step 2 determines all intermediate state being likely to occur.Automatic vending machine is likely to occur five shapes during state transition
State is idle state idel respectively, has put into 0.5 yuan of state half, has put into 1 yuan of state one, has put into 1.5 yuan
State one_half has put into 2 yuan of state two.This five states respectively with the status register state that bit wide is 3bit come
Storage；Verilog LISP program LISP is as follows:
The status register of definition status machine: reg [2:0] state
Define idle state: parameter idle=3'b000；
Definition has put into 0.5 dollar of state: parameter half=3'b001；
Definition has put into 1 dollar of state: parameter one=3'b011；
Definition has put into 1.5 dollars of state: parameter one_half=3'b010；
Definition has put into 2 dollars of state: parameter two=3'b110.
Step 3 draws state transition diagram, as shown in Figure 3.Determine all possible state, five states are respectively: idle
State idel has put into 0.5 yuan of state half, has put into 1 yuan of state one, has put into 1.5 yuan of state one_half,
The state two for having put into 2 yuan draws all possible state transition situation with unidirectional arrow, and arrow beginning indicates current shape
State, arrow end indicate next state being likely to occur；
Step 4 indicates jump condition above.Indicate that jump condition and transfer are tied with the form of score on state transition diagram
Fruit, molecule indicate the condition of state transfer, and that denominator identification-state shifts as a result, i.e. molecule is input, denominator is output.
The detailed process of step 3 and step 4 can be described with following seven steps:
1. a vending machine powers on rear reset key and presses, state initialization is idle state idle, and reset key lifts；
2. a vending machine is in idle condition idle, in fact it could happen that two kinds of situations-user puts into 0.5 yuan or 1 yuan of investment, when
Input is 0.5 yuan, and when rising edge clock arrival, state machine jumps to half, when 1 yuan of input and encounters rising edge clock, shape
State machine jumps to one, if not putting into any coin, state machine is not jumped, and is maintained in the state of idle and continues
To；
3. vending machine is in when having put into 0.5 yuan of state half, it is also possible to two kinds of situation-users occur and continue investment 0.5
Member or 1 yuan, when 0.5 yuan of input and rising edge clock arrives, and state machine jumps to one, when 1 yuan of input and encounters clock and rises
Edge, state machine jump to one_half, if not putting into any coin, state machine is not jumped, and are maintained in the state of half
It continues waiting for inputting；
4. vending machine is in when having put into 1 yuan of state one, user still can choose 0.5 yuan or 1 yuan of investment, work as input
At 0.5 yuan, state machine jumps to one_half, and the state and for the first time 0.5 yuan of input, state machine is jumped when inputting 1 yuan for the second time
The end-state turned is identical, and in the state of one, then when inputting 1 yuan, state machine jumps to two, if do not put into any hard
Coin, state machine are maintained in the state of one and wait；
5. vending machine is in when having put into 1.5 yuan of state one_half, when user puts into 0.5 yuan again, state machine is jumped
To two, the state and for the first time 1 yuan of input, the state reached after second of 1 yuan of input is identical.When the coin that user puts into again
When being 1 yuan, since the investment amount of money reaches 2.5 yuan, satisfaction sells condition, at this point, sell 1 commodity, not small change.That is:
Dispense=1, half_out=0, the second indicator light is bright at this time, reminds user's discharging of goods.After the completion of selling, state machine is direct
Jump to idle state idle, that is, start next round sells process, if not putting into any coin, state machine is not jumped,
It is maintained in the state of one_half and waits；
6. vending machine is in the state two of 2 yuan of investment, when user puts into 0.5 yuan again, the investment amount of money reaches 2.5 yuan,
Meeting at this time and sell condition, sells 1 commodity, not small change, i.e. dispense=1, half_out=0, the second indicator light is bright at this time,
State machine jumps to idle state idle by two after the completion of selling；It is 3 yuan due to having put into the amount of money at this time when putting into 1 yuan,
Also meet and sell condition, at this point, sell 1 commodity, and 0.5 yuan of small change, i.e. dispense=1, half_out=1, at this time first
Instruction and the second indicator light are bright, and after the completion of selling, state machine jumps to idle state idle by two, if do not put into any
Coin, state machine are maintained at the state of two；
7. definition default setting is idle state idle, i.e. oversold on sale, the generation of this vending machine is wrong and cannot identify hard
In the case where coin, this vending machine automatic jumps to idle state, can be sold again.
Step 5 is converted into state transition diagram Verilog program.According to possible state transition direction, from reset signal
Sending starts, and writes the state jump condition based on Verilog language and shifts as a result, realizing by input signal to output
The control of signal.
1. being resetted after system electrification:
Input: rst_n=0; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0;Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=idle；
Under 2.idle state:
When 0.5 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=1；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=half；
When 1 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=1; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=one；
When not putting into any coin:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=idle；
3. under half state:
When 0.5 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=1；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=one；
When 1 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=1; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=one_half；
When not putting into any coin:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=half；
4. under one state:
When 0.5 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=1；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=one_half；
When 1 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=1; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=two；
When not putting into any coin:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=one；
5. under one_half state:
When 0.5 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=1；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=two；
When 1 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=1; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=1；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=1；
Finite state machine: state=idle；
When not putting into any coin:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=one_half；
6. under two state:
When 0.5 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=1；
Output: dispense=1；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=1；
Finite state machine: state=idle；
When 1 yuan of investment:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=1; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=1；half_out=1; Led1=1；Led2=1；
Finite state machine: state=idle；
When not putting into any coin:
Input: rst_n=1; one_yuan=0; half_yuan=0；
Output: dispense=0；half_out=0; Led1=0；Led2=0；
Finite state machine: state=two；
7. default:state=idle.
Simulation results are as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, and Fig. 4 is when the frequency division coefficient of frequency divider is 1, and automatic vending machine is thrown
Enter coin sequence be 1 yuan, 0.5 yuan, 0.5 yuan, 1 yuan, that is, after receiving 3 yuan of coins, automatic vending machine output waveform figure.Output letter
Number dispense=1, half_out=1, Led1=1, Led2=1 sell 1 commodity and occur 0.5 yuan of small change, two Led refer to
Show that lamp is all lighted.Fig. 5 is to insert coin sequence when being 0.5 yuan, 1 yuan, 0.5 yuan, 1 yuan, the waveform of automatic vending machine output signal
Figure, it is consistent with Fig. 4 result.By simulation result it is found that the coin of same amount, although coin sequence is different, automatic vending machine
Identical result can be exported.
Although being particularly shown and describing the present invention, those skilled in the art referring to its exemplary embodiment
It should be understood that in the case where not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by claim form can be carried out to it
With the various changes in details.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control, it is characterised in that: including FPGA control module and money discriminator,
Money discriminator is equipped with coin slot, and FPGA control module includes frequency divider and key control unit, the output end of frequency divider with
The clock signal input terminal of key control unit is connected, and coin slot is connect through money discriminator with key control unit, core
Control unit is realized by finite state machine；
The true and false that money discriminator inserts coin for identification；The period is longer, shakes lower stabilization for obtaining for frequency divider
Clock signal；Finite state machine is used to put into the quantity of different coins according to coin slot, realizes the conversion between different conditions, and
Selling for control merchandise of automatic vending machine is operated with small change.
2. a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the frequency divider
Port includes clock signal input terminal mouth, reseting port and low-frequency clock signal output port, low-frequency clock signal output port
It is connected with the clock signal input terminal of the key control unit.
3. a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the finite state
All State Encoding Styles of machine are 3bit Gray code.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of based on FPGA control automatic vending machine, it is characterised in that: further include crystal oscillator,
Key, output port and small change mouth, crystal oscillator are connected with the clock signal input terminal mouth of frequency divider, and crystal oscillator is for providing high frequency clock letter
Number, key is connected with the input port of frequency divider and key control unit, key be used for power on after to frequency divider and core control
The reset operation of unit processed, output port and small change mouth are respectively used to the output of commodity and change.
5. a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coin slot packet
The first coin slot and the second coin slot are included, for the first coin slot for inputting 1 yuan of coin, the second coin slot is hard for inputting 0.5 yuan
Coin.
6. a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: further include the first finger
Show that lamp and the second indicator light, the first indicator light and the second indicator light are connected with the output end of the key control unit, first refers to
Show that lamp is arranged at the small change mouth, the second indicator light is arranged at the output port；When the small change mouth output change, first
Indicator light is lighted；When the output port output commodity, the second indicator light is lighted.
7. a kind of automatic vending machine based on FPGA control according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the small change mouth is defeated
Coin out is 0.5 yuan.
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Application publication date: 20190405 |