CN109583868B - Payment state channel network, construction method and system thereof, and high-frequency transaction system - Google Patents

Payment state channel network, construction method and system thereof, and high-frequency transaction system Download PDF

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CN109583868B
CN109583868B CN201811209383.8A CN201811209383A CN109583868B CN 109583868 B CN109583868 B CN 109583868B CN 201811209383 A CN201811209383 A CN 201811209383A CN 109583868 B CN109583868 B CN 109583868B
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node
layer
nodes
channel
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CN109583868A (en
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李伟琪
李斌
张勇
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Beijing Rui Zhuo Xi Tou Technology Development Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
    • G06Q20/102—Bill distribution or payments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/32—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices
    • G06Q20/325—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices using wireless networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3825—Use of electronic signatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/407—Cancellation of a transaction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/42—Confirmation, e.g. check or permission by the legal debtor of payment

Abstract

The invention relates to a payment state channel network, a construction method and a system thereof, and a high-frequency transaction system, wherein the payment state channel network comprises a plurality of branch payment nodes, and the construction method comprises the following steps: according to the distribution calculation of each branch payment node, an upper layer payment node is selected from each branch payment node, and a branch payment channel between the upper layer payment node and each branch payment node is established; and establishing a total payment channel between the upper-layer payment node and the block chain payment main network. According to the invention, the upper-layer payment nodes are selected in the payment state channel network and are endowed with online excitation, so that the problem of offline of the transit nodes can be solved, the problems that offline states cannot be synchronized in time and the like can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path searching can be reduced.

Description

Payment state channel network, construction method and system thereof, and high-frequency transaction system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chain payment, in particular to a payment state channel network, a construction method and a system thereof and a high-frequency transaction system.
Background
The block chain has a synchronous efficiency and an asynchronous confirmation mechanism, when the transaction frequency is very high, the result is written in real time and obtained in real time, and for some applications with high interaction requirements, such as games, payment and other intelligent contract application scenes, the high-frequency small-amount transaction cost is very high.
Currently, it is acknowledged that a relatively mature public link, such as a bitcoin and an ethernet bay, cannot obtain results in real time, an EOS (Enterprise Operation System, i.e., a block chain operating System designed for commercial distributed application) can obtain data in real time, and the bitcoin and the ethernet bay both face the problems of long transaction confirmation time and serious network congestion.
The block chain expansion can solve the problem, the calculation amount of a single node can be increased, Layer1 Layer expansion is performed, for example, the expansion of the classic TPS (system throughput) dimension is performed by the caster + sharding of the etherhouse. Layer2 level expansion may also be performed by off-chian to place the calculation/transaction out of the main chain, as long as the final result is recorded in the main chain, regardless of intermediate processes. The off-chian may take the state of the main chain portion to an off-chain operation, such as a transfer or other state processing, and after processing is complete, synchronize the final result to the main chain save. Layer2 is a cryptographic economical solution.
There are two schemes that have been established to date:
(1) state-channel: the lightning networks of bitcoin and the lightning networks of etherhouses are representative.
(2) Side chain (side-chian): plasma in EtherFang is representative.
The bitcoin network is represented by a lightning network to solve this problem. The flash network realizes instant payment and transaction cost reduction by putting bitcoin transaction out of the main chain (off-chain), and is more vivid for daily payment currency formed by bitcoin gradually.
Ethermen solved this problem by a lightning Network Raiden Network. The principle of the lightning network is similar to that of the lightning network, the lightning network does not put all transactions on a block chain for processing, but transfers part of transactions to the outside of the chain, and users realize the transactions by privately exchanging transfer signature information. The difference is that the lightning network is able to process status transactions, i.e. conceptually similar non-monetary transactions, on the basis of completing the payment task under the link.
The lightning network and the lightning network have the advantages that:
(1) the privacy is improved, not all transaction storage is stored on the public block chain, and the amount of the assets distributed by the two parties can be stored once when the transaction channel is closed.
(2) Micropayments can be implemented and payment is immediate, requiring only a fraction of a second.
Sidechains may allow digital assets to be transferred between the main chain and sidechains, allowing tokens and other digital assets in one blockchain to be separated into another blockchain for safe use and then transferred back to the original blockchain if desired. The main chain and the side chain are connected with each other through bidirectional hooks, and assets between the main chain and the side chain can be traded at a preset interest rate.
The side chain can be stored permanently or can accommodate more transactions, and can have independent address space. The side chain is a branch of the main chain, can be independently booked, has a permanent storage mechanism and a consensus algorithm, and can be recreated, which is equivalent to providing a multi-layer infinite extension scheme.
However, the prior art has the following drawbacks:
the status channel is a temporary point-to-point value transfer channel, and the problem of overhigh low payment handling fee is solved by force, so when the established payment channels are temporary channels, one status channel is only suitable for value transfer between two users, and if too many users still face the network problem of the status channel.
The lightning network of the bitcoin and the Ethernet mine network have no off-line payment, so that a user cannot pay off people who are not on-line, and possibly cannot respond if the lightning network of the bitcoin and the Ethernet mine network are disconnected in the midway.
The introduction of a side chain breaks a chain and an asset, so that the things become complicated; the method supports own algorithm, and is a simple target in a complex attack; if the side is broken or rolled back, the interchangeability of the token may be damaged.
In addition, the expansion is a multi-aspect problem, which is not only related to the improvement of transaction flux/transaction speed, but also related to the complicated calculation problem and the like, and the problem to be solved by the invention is that the lightning network/lightning network can not solve a path off-line problem and a path problem.
And (5) an off-line problem. There are two types of channel closing offline and transit node offline, and node offline not only causes closing of payment channel, but also brings loss of offline node tokens.
The node goes offline after the channel is closed. When one party proposes a withdrawal request or redeems a token, the payment channel is closed, for example, a transfers money to B, after a presents the request, a calls a closing function to the intelligent contract, then a settlement window is opened, B calls an updata transfer function of the intelligent contract to submit a balance certificate to the intelligent contract, if B is offline, an offline certificate cannot be timely submitted, the balance certificate of a participant who closes the channel is difficult to close, and if other participants do not receive any transfer money, then a sub-chain displays that a has transferred money to B, but actually B does not receive money, and a loss to B is caused.
The transit node goes offline. Suppose a transfers to node C via transit node B, and a/B/C payment channel has been established, and C gets the token for transfer of B, then B presents the secret to a, and a transfers to B, when B goes off-line, when C closes the payment channel with B, confirms on the chain that the token was taken, and the payment channel between a and B does not transfer for more than a specified time, then B loses. This is the loss caused by the transit node.
A path finding problem. The shortest transit payment channel can be found through a high-level view, but the latest under-chain transaction state of the payment channel is synchronized to the chain, and the problem is still solved.
Therefore, the payment state channel network, the construction method and the system thereof and the high-frequency transaction system are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention is provided to provide a payment state channel network, a method and a system for constructing the same, and a high frequency transaction system, which overcome or at least partially solve the above problems, wherein upper layer payment nodes are selected from the payment state channel network and are always connected to a blockchain payment master network, so that the problem of offline transfer nodes can be solved, the problem of incapability of timely synchronizing offline states can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path search can be reduced.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a payment status channel network including a plurality of split payment nodes, including the steps of:
according to the distribution calculation of each branch payment node, an upper layer payment node is selected from each branch payment node, and a branch payment channel between the upper layer payment node and each branch payment node is established;
and establishing a total payment channel between the upper-layer payment node and the block chain payment main network.
Further, the method for constructing the payment state channel network further includes:
and when the upper-layer payment node is offline, automatically selecting the next upper-layer payment node from the online branch payment nodes.
Further, the upper layer payment node is preferably selected from the branch payment nodes through the following calculation model:
Figure BDA0001832058070000041
wherein, C (P)k) Representing a node PkProximity of d (P)i,Pk) Is represented by PiIs a starting point PkN is the number of edges included in the path of the end point, and is the number of all nodes in the state channel network.
Further, when a plurality of upper payment nodes are selected, screening out the final upper payment node through the following steps:
broadcasting predefined link information from each upper-layer payment node to each shunt payment node;
calculating the complexity or time of each upper-layer payment node broadcasting link information to each shunt payment node;
and the upper-layer payment node with the minimum complexity or time serves as the final upper-layer payment node.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for constructing a payment status channel network implemented based on the foregoing method, including:
the upper-layer payment node selection module is used for preferably selecting the upper-layer payment nodes from the branch payment nodes according to the distribution calculation of the branch payment nodes;
the branch payment channel establishing module is used for establishing a branch payment channel between the upper layer payment node and each branch payment node;
and the total payment channel establishing module is used for establishing a total payment channel between the upper layer payment node and the block chain payment main network.
Further, the system for constructing the payment status channel network further includes: a final upper layer payment node screening module for screening out the final upper layer payment node when a plurality of upper layer payment nodes are selected,
this final upper payment node screening module includes:
the information broadcasting unit is used for broadcasting predefined link information from each upper-layer payment node to each branch payment node;
the complexity or time calculation unit is used for calculating the complexity or time of broadcasting the link information to each shunt payment node by each upper layer payment node;
and the final upper-layer payment node selection unit is used for taking the upper-layer payment node with the minimum complexity or time as the final upper-layer payment node.
Further, the system for constructing the payment status channel network further includes:
and the upper-layer payment node automatic selection module is used for automatically selecting the next upper-layer payment node from the on-line shunt payment nodes when the upper-layer payment node is off-line.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a payment status passage network constructed according to the above method, including:
the branch payment nodes are respectively used for payment transaction and send the payment transaction state to the upper layer payment node in real time;
and the upper-layer payment node is used for transmitting the payment transaction state to the block chain payment main network in real time.
Further, the upper layer payment node is also used as a communication node of the branch payment node when no direct channel exists between the branch payment nodes of the transaction to be paid.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a high frequency transaction system is provided, which includes the payment status channel network and the blockchain payment main network.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the payment state channel network and the construction method and system thereof, the high-frequency transaction system selects the upper-layer payment nodes in the payment state channel network and is normally communicated with the block chain payment main network, so that the problem that the transfer nodes are off-line can be solved, the problems that the off-line state cannot be synchronized in time and the like can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path searching can be reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the payment status tunnel network construction method steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an upper layer payment node of the payment status channel network of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a payment status channel network construction system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a payment status channel network of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a high frequency transaction system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The invention can be realized by establishing the down-link branch payment node with economic incentive. The method can reduce the problem of off-line of the intermediary node in the transit process and also can reduce the complexity problem caused by searching the shortest transit payment channel in the path.
Fig. 1 is a step diagram of a method for constructing a payment status channel network according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for constructing a payment status channel network according to the present invention includes a plurality of branching payment nodes, and includes the following steps:
step 101: according to the distribution calculation of each branch payment node, an upper layer payment node is selected from each branch payment node, and a branch payment channel between the upper layer payment node and each branch payment node is established;
step 102: and establishing a total payment channel between the upper-layer payment node and the block chain payment main network.
Further, the method for constructing the payment state channel network further includes:
step 103: and when the upper-layer payment node is offline, automatically selecting the next upper-layer payment node from the online branch payment nodes.
Specifically, for example, an upper layer payment node is opened in a down-link status channel such as a lightning network or a lightning network, and the upper layer payment node can solve the node offline problem and the path selection problem. In a plurality of nodes in a lightning network or a lightning network, selecting nodes connected with as many nodes as possible as upper-layer payment nodes, wherein the upper-layer payment nodes have the following three attributes:
(1) the upper layer payment node can establish a payment channel with as many nodes in the network as possible;
(2) the upper-layer payment node is always kept online due to online excitation, the possibility of disconnection is low, and if the connection is disconnected, the loss caused by timely updating the latest link-down state to the block chain is low;
(3) the upper-layer payment node can update the latest off-chip state to the block chain in time, and meanwhile, the problem of large calculation amount caused by the shortest path algorithm is solved.
Among the three attributes, the most important attribute of the upper payment node is to connect with as many nodes as possible, that is, the node is located in the center of the network as possible.
When the upper-layer payment node is offline, the next upper-layer payment node is automatically selected from the online shunt payment nodes, so that the situation that all channels are closed and Gas in blocks on a chain is excessively consumed to cause blockage due to sudden offline of the upper-layer payment node at a certain moment is avoided.
The upper-layer payment node can be preferably selected from the branch payment nodes through the following calculation model:
Figure BDA0001832058070000081
wherein, C (P)k) Representing a node PkProximity of d (P)i,Pk) Is represented by PiIs a starting point PkN is the number of edges included in the path of the end point, and is the number of all nodes in the state channel network. In the calculation model, the greater the proximity of the branch payment node, the closer the branch payment node is to the center of the whole payment state channel network, and the communication with other branch payment nodes can be ensured as much as possible, so that the closest payment node is selected from the branch payment nodes as an upper layer payment node.
See FIG. 2 for P2So to speak, P can be reached directly1、P3、P4，P2Also through P4To P5But for P1In other words, only P is passed2To other respective nodes, P can be considered2Is the central node.
Assuming that M points are provided and N pieces of connection information are distributed to the M points, the complexity of O (N) is obtained, then the points are sorted according to the connection sequence, the complexity is O (M × logM), and the search time is O (logM).
According to the construction method of the payment state channel network, the upper layer payment nodes are selected from the payment state channel network and are normally communicated with the block chain payment main network, so that the problem that the transfer nodes are off-line can be solved, the problems that the off-line state cannot be synchronized timely and the like can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path searching can be reduced.
When a plurality of upper payment nodes are selected, screening out the final upper payment nodes through the following steps:
broadcasting predefined link information from each upper-layer payment node to each shunt payment node;
calculating the complexity or time of each upper-layer payment node broadcasting link information to each shunt payment node;
and the upper-layer payment node with the minimum complexity or time serves as the final upper-layer payment node.
For simplicity of explanation, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combinations, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments are not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the embodiments of the invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a system for constructing a payment status channel network according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the system for constructing a payment status channel network implemented based on the foregoing method according to the present invention includes:
an upper layer payment node selection module 301, configured to select an upper layer payment node from the branch payment nodes according to distribution calculation of the branch payment nodes;
a branch payment channel establishing module 302, configured to establish a branch payment channel between an upper layer payment node and each branch payment node;
and a total payment channel establishing module 303, configured to establish a total payment channel between the upper layer payment node and the block chain payment master network.
The construction system of the payment state channel network selects the upper layer payment nodes in the payment state channel network and is normally communicated with the block chain payment main network, so that the problem that the transfer nodes are off-line can be solved, the problems that the off-line state cannot be synchronized in time and the like can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path searching can be reduced.
The above construction system of the payment status channel network further includes: a final upper payment node screening module 304, configured to screen out a final upper payment node when a plurality of upper payment nodes are selected,
this final upper payment node screening module includes:
the information broadcasting unit is used for broadcasting predefined link information from each upper-layer payment node to each branch payment node;
the complexity or time calculation unit is used for calculating the complexity or time of broadcasting the link information to each shunt payment node by each upper layer payment node;
and the final upper-layer payment node selection unit is used for taking the upper-layer payment node with the minimum complexity or time as the final upper-layer payment node.
Further, the system for constructing the payment status channel network further includes:
and the upper layer payment node automatic selection module 305 is configured to automatically select a next upper layer payment node from the online branch payment nodes when the upper layer payment node is offline.
For the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the system embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a payment status channel network according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the payment status channel network constructed according to the above method provided by the present invention includes:
the branch payment nodes are respectively used for payment transaction and send the payment transaction state to the upper layer payment node in real time;
and the upper-layer payment node is used for transmitting the payment transaction state to the block chain payment main network in real time.
Further, the upper layer payment node is also used as a communication node of the branch payment node when no direct channel exists between the branch payment nodes of the transaction to be paid.
The transfer transaction of the invention is realized by an intelligent Contract (Hashed Timelock Contract), through the intelligent Contract, two parties agree to freeze a money first, and provide a hash value H (R) of a number R, and in a given time, a person can propose a corresponding R value to be matched with H (R), and the money is transferred to a receiver.
If the channel state node A transfers to the channel state node Z, if no payment channel exists between the channel state node A and the channel state node Z, a payment channel needs to be established through the upper-layer payment node C. Assuming that the channel state node a transfers to the channel state node Z with a bitcoin of 0.5BTC and gives the channel state node Z a value R, the channel state node a and the upper layer payment node C form an HTLC (Hashed time lock Contract) Contract, and if the upper layer payment node C can give the channel state node a value R within four days, the channel state node a pays 0.51BTC to the node C; similarly, the upper layer payment node and the channel state node Z also make an HTLC contract, and if the channel state node Z gives the upper layer payment node C a value R, the node C pays 0.5BTC to the node Z. Of course, the channel state node Z has a corresponding value R, the central payment channel state node Z0.5 BTC, and the node a pays the central node 0.51BTC, where 0.01BTC is the transfer fee of the upper layer payment node, and the upper layer payment node also receives the online incentive fee.
The upper layer payment node avoids the problem that the conventional transit node is suddenly off-line. If the upper layer payment node is a common transit node, assuming that the transit node suddenly goes down to be offline after the transit node transfers the money to the node Z, the payment channel between the node A and the node C is closed, the node A does not transfer the money to the node C, and the state information of the payment channel is updated to the block chain after the prescribed time, and the state information shows that the node A does not transfer the money to the node Z, but the node C transfers the money to the node Z, so that the loss is brought to the offline node C. The problem is solved by the upper payment node C, the upper payment node is connected with most nodes as much as possible through an algorithm, online incentive cost exists, the online state can be kept, and loss is small because the real-time downtime can regularly and timely update the state channel to the block chain.
Therefore, if node a transfers money to node Z, but there is no direct payment channel between a and Z, the central node C is elected by a certain algorithm, and a can transfer money to Z through C. And the upper layer payment node C can update the latest under-chain state information on the block chain in real time. The upper layer payment node has transfer fee and online incentive fee.
The upper layer payment node can keep the latest transfer/lock record, and synchronizes the down-link transaction state of the payment channel, allows the shunt payment node to call the close function of the closed channel and update the balance of the channel update transfer function, and guarantees the rights and interests of the off-line node.
As shown in fig. 4, in a lightning network or a lightning network, transactions between off-peak nodes interact with the link through upper layer payment nodes, and the upper layer payment nodes update the latest state to the block link periodically. Two nodes directly pay for transactions and periodically update states to a block chain according to the mechanism of the original lightning network and lightning network.
Wherein, the direct payment transaction between the branch payment nodes is carried out according to a lightning network or a lightning network.
Specifically, the lightning network and the lightning network are evolved based on a micro payment channel, wherein point-to-point transactions among nodes and transit transactions needing to transit the nodes are involved.
Specifically, a payment channel is established by two transaction parties, which is similar to the establishment of a fund pool, a part of funds are pre-stored by the two transaction parties to the payment channel, the signature confirmation is carried out on the fund distribution scheme after the transaction, and the final transaction result can be written into the block chain network and finally confirmed when a certain node needs to be presented.
Referring to fig. 4, node a and node B transact point-to-point, node a and node B establish a payment channel and pre-store funds to a fund pool, assuming that the transaction is conducted in bitcoins, node a is 0.4BTC and node B is 0.6BTC, both parties sign and confirm the current fund scheme, and after node a transfers 0.1BTC to node B, node a and node Z sign and confirm the fund distribution scheme again and abandon the old fund confirmation scheme.
According to the payment state channel network, the upper layer payment nodes are selected from the payment state channel network and are normally communicated with the block chain payment main network, so that the problem that the transfer nodes are off-line can be solved, the problems that the off-line state cannot be synchronized timely and the like can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path searching can be solved.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a high-frequency transaction system according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the high-frequency transaction system provided by the present invention includes the payment status channel network and the blockchain payment host network.
The high-frequency transaction system selects the upper-layer payment nodes in the payment state channel network and is normally communicated with the block chain payment main network, so that the problem that the transfer nodes are off-line can be solved, the problems that the off-line state cannot be synchronized in time and the like can be solved, and the problem of high complexity caused by path searching can be solved.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A construction method of a payment state channel network, the payment state channel network comprises a plurality of branch payment nodes, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the distribution calculation of each branch payment node, an upper layer payment node is selected from each branch payment node, and a branch payment channel between the upper layer payment node and each branch payment node is established;
establishing a total payment channel between an upper-layer payment node and a block chain payment main network;
further comprising:
when the upper layer payment node is offline, automatically selecting the next upper layer payment node from the online shunt payment nodes;
the upper-layer payment node is preferably selected from the branch payment nodes through the following calculation model:
Figure FDA0002604815440000011
wherein, C (P)k) Representing a node PkProximity of d (P)i,Pk) Is represented by PiIs a starting point PkThe number of edges contained in a path of a terminal point is n, and the n is the number of all nodes of the state channel network;
when a plurality of upper payment nodes are selected, screening out the final upper payment nodes through the following steps:
broadcasting predefined link information from each upper-layer payment node to each shunt payment node;
calculating the complexity or time of each upper-layer payment node broadcasting link information to each shunt payment node;
and the upper-layer payment node with the minimum complexity or time serves as the final upper-layer payment node.
2. A system for constructing a payment status channel network implemented based on the method of claim 1, the payment status channel network comprising a plurality of split payment nodes, the system comprising:
the upper-layer payment node selection module is used for preferably selecting the upper-layer payment nodes from the branch payment nodes according to the distribution calculation of the branch payment nodes;
the branch payment channel establishing module is used for establishing a branch payment channel between the upper layer payment node and each branch payment node;
and the total payment channel establishing module is used for establishing a total payment channel between the upper layer payment node and the block chain payment main network.
3. The system for constructing a payment status passage network according to claim 2, further comprising: a final upper layer payment node screening module for screening out the final upper layer payment node when a plurality of upper layer payment nodes are selected,
this final upper payment node screening module includes:
the information broadcasting unit is used for broadcasting predefined link information from each upper-layer payment node to each branch payment node;
the complexity or time calculation unit is used for calculating the complexity or time of broadcasting the link information to each shunt payment node by each upper layer payment node;
and the final upper-layer payment node selection unit is used for taking the upper-layer payment node with the minimum complexity or time as the final upper-layer payment node.
4. The system for constructing a payment status passage network according to claim 2, further comprising:
and the upper-layer payment node automatic selection module is used for automatically selecting the next upper-layer payment node from the on-line shunt payment nodes when the upper-layer payment node is off-line.
5. A payment status channel network constructed in accordance with the method of claim 1, comprising:
the branch payment nodes are respectively used for payment transaction and send the payment transaction state to the upper layer payment node in real time;
and the upper-layer payment node is used for transmitting the payment transaction state to the block chain payment main network in real time.
6. The payment status channel network of claim 5, wherein the upper layer payment nodes are further configured to act as connectivity nodes for the split payment nodes when there is no direct channel between the split payment nodes for the transaction to be paid.
7. A high frequency transaction system comprising the payment status channel network of claim 2 and a blockchain payment host network.
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