CN109583476A - Software metrics method, system and electronic equipment based on software development process - Google Patents
Software metrics method, system and electronic equipment based on software development process Download PDFInfo
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- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/21—Design or setup of recognition systems or techniques; Extraction of features in feature space; Blind source separation
- G06F18/213—Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature space; Summarisation; Mappings, e.g. subspace methods
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of software metrics method, system and electronic equipment based on software development process, the system comprises: data acquisition module, for obtaining the data of each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures member；Preprocessing module, for the part Elementary Measures member of selection to be converted into derived measurement member；Software metrics module obtains software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index and health status perception index etc. for handling according to preset software metric model the Elementary Measures member of input and the derived measurement member.The present invention comprehensively and accurately portrays open source projects from the dimensions such as user's activity, team's activity, software quality, generate the software metric model based on software development process, use the software metric model, user's activity index, team's activity index, software quality index and the health status perception index etc. of open source projects can quickly be calculated, the objective understanding software condition of helper applications team, finds the problem in time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data mining technology fields, more particularly to a kind of software metrics side based on software development process
Method, system and electronic equipment.
Background technique
Principal component analysis (Principal Component Analysis, abbreviation PCA) is related between investigating multiple variables
Property a kind of multivariate statistical method, how research to disclose the internal structure between multiple variables by a few principal component, i.e., from
Export a few principal component in original variable, them made to retain the information of original variable as much as possible, and to each other mutually not
It is related.Processing usually mathematically is exactly that original multiple indexs are made linear combination, as new overall target.
Crawler technology is the program of a kind of " automation browse network ", it according to certain rules, automatically on the world wide web (www
Grab the information that user needs.With the development of internet, network becomes the carrier of bulk information.Crawler technology also becomes data
The important component of acquisition is a step the most basic in big data analysis.In addition to web crawlers, numerous platforms are also open
The data-interface of oneself, facilitates developer to access, such as Github, microblogging.
In internet+epoch, Open Source Software with it free, open source code, transparent procedures, without using the features such as limitation
Immense success is obtained, definition, design, exploitation and the use process of open source software are by the volunteer of numerous professions with the group of socialization
The basic mode of body concurrent development is completed.At the same time, open source community such as Github etc. is due to a large amount of high-quality open source items of trustship
Mesh and obtain pursuing for numerous software developers.However, there is also a large amount of unsuccessful projects in Github open source community, according to system
Meter, Github open source community shares ten thousand project more than 8000, wherein only 5,350,000 or so projects account for 6.7% by star.Therefore, such as
What is quickly found out high-quality open source projects from magnanimity project is particularly important for numerous developers study, participation；On the other hand,
The objective level for understanding developed software of numerous software team how is helped, finds the problem in time, actively takes countermeasure, make
Open source projects healthy and sustainable development is very urgent.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned and other potential technical problems, the embodiment provides one kind to be based on software
The software metrics system of development process, the software metrics system based on software development process includes: data acquisition module, is used
In the data for obtaining each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures member；Preprocessing module, the part Elementary Measures member for that will choose turn
Change derived measurement member into；Software metrics module, for the Elementary Measures member according to preset software metric model to input
It is handled with the derived measurement member, obtains software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index and health status
Perceive index.
In one embodiment of the invention, the software metrics system based on software development process further include: training number
According to module is obtained, for obtaining open source software data according to filter condition；Correlating module, for soft based on the open source
Number of packages evidence carries out correlation analysis two-by-two to derived measurement member and Elementary Measures member, and according to correlation analysis result by each institute
It states measurement metric and is mapped to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, software quality dimension；Principal component analysis module, respectively to institute
The measurement metric principal component analysis for stating user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, the software quality dimension, obtains user
The calculation formula of activity index, team's activity index and software quality index；Software metric model generation module is based on the use
The calculation formula of family activity index, team's activity index and software quality index generates the software metric model.
In one embodiment of the invention, the principal component analysis module includes: user's activity index unit, to the use
Activity dimension relevant measurement metric in family carries out principal component analysis and obtains user's active principle constituting, and obtain user's activity it is main at
The weight coefficient divided obtains the user according to the weight coefficient of user's active principle and user's active principle
The calculation formula of activity index；Team's activity index unit carries out principal component to the relevant measurement metric of team's activity dimension
Analysis obtains team's active principle and constitutes, and obtains the weight coefficient of team's active principle, according to team's activity master
The weight coefficient of ingredient and team's active principle obtains the calculation formula of team's activity index；Software quality index
Unit carries out principal component analysis to the relevant measurement metric of the software quality dimension, obtains software quality principal component and constitutes, and obtains
The weight coefficient for taking the software quality principal component, according to the power of the software quality principal component and the software quality principal component
Weight coefficient obtains the software quality index.
In one embodiment of the invention, user's active principle is user's activity, user's active principle
Weight coefficient be 1, the calculation formula of user's activity index are as follows: fuv=xuv1；Wherein, fuvFor user's activity index, xuv1
For user's activity.
In one embodiment of the invention, team's active principle include code cooperation efficiency, team exploitation heartbeat,
Team's code change speed；Wherein, the code cooperation efficiency is made of three measurement metrics: average request aggregate speed is averaged
Aggregate speed, contributor's number；Team's exploitation heartbeat is made of two measurement metrics: publication heartbeat and internal development rate；
Team's code change speed is made of two measurement metrics: code change speed and averagely submission speed；Team's activity index
ftvCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xtv1、xtv2、xtv3Respectively code cooperation efficiency, team develop heartbeat, team's code change speed；wtv1、
wtv2、wtv3The respectively weight coefficient of code cooperation efficiency, the team exploitation weight coefficient of heartbeat, team's code change speed
Weight coefficient.
In one embodiment of the invention, the software quality principal component includes: code size and quality, software reliability
And community's ability of maintenance, software O&M ability；Wherein, the code size and quality are made of two measurement metrics: lines of code
With the thousand row bit error rates；The software reliability and community's ability of maintenance are made of two measurement metrics: defect closing velocity and problem
Comment on temperature；The software O&M ability is made of defect closing rate；Software quality index fsqCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xsq1、xsq2、xsq3Respectively code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software fortune
Dimension ability；wsq1、wsq2、wsq3The respectively power of the weight coefficient of code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance
The weight coefficient of weight coefficient, software O&M ability.
In one embodiment of the invention, the software metric model includes: the calculation formula of user's activity index, team
The calculation formula of activity index and the calculation formula of software quality index；Based on user's activity index, team's activity index, software
The health status of performance figure perceives formula of index.
In one embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition module passes through web crawlers method and repository API approach
The data of each dimension of the software are obtained from software repository.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of software metrics method based on software development process, described to be opened based on software
The software metrics method of hair process includes: to obtain the data of each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures member；The part of selection is basic
Measurement metric is converted into derived measurement member；According to preset software metric model to the Elementary Measures member of input and the derivation
Measurement metric is handled, and is obtained software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index and health status and is perceived index.
In one embodiment of the invention, the software metrics method based on software development process further include: according to mistake
Filter condition obtains open source software data；Based on the open source software data, derived measurement member and Elementary Measures member are carried out two-by-two
Correlation analysis, and according to correlation analysis result by each measurement metric be mapped to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension,
Software quality dimension；Respectively to the measurement metric of user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, the software quality dimension
Principal component analysis, obtains user's activity index, the calculation formula of team's activity index and software quality index；Based on the use
The calculation formula of family activity index, team's activity index and software quality index generates the software metric model.
It is described respectively to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, described in one embodiment of the invention
The measurement metric principal component of software quality dimension is analyzed, and user's activity index, team's activity index and software quality index are obtained
Calculation formula specifically include: to the relevant measurement metric of user's activity dimension carry out principal component analysis obtain user's activity master
Ingredient is constituted, and obtains the weight coefficient of user's active principle, according to user's active principle and user activity
The weight coefficient of principal component obtains the calculation formula of user's activity index；Measurement metric relevant to team's activity dimension
It carries out principal component analysis and obtains team's active principle composition, and obtain the weight coefficient of team's active principle, according to described
The weight coefficient of team's active principle and team's active principle obtains the calculation formula of team's activity index；It is right
The relevant measurement metric of the software quality dimension carries out principal component analysis, obtains software quality principal component and constitutes, and described in obtaining
The weight coefficient of software quality principal component, according to the weight coefficient of the software quality principal component and the software quality principal component
Obtain the software quality index.
In one embodiment of the invention, user's active principle is user's activity, user's active principle
Weight coefficient be 1, the calculation formula of user's activity index are as follows: fuv=xuv1；Wherein, fuvFor user's activity index, xuv1
For user's activity.
In one embodiment of the invention, team's active principle include code cooperation efficiency, team exploitation heartbeat,
Team's code change speed；Wherein, the code cooperation efficiency is made of three measurement metrics: average request aggregate speed is averaged
Aggregate speed, contributor's number；Team's exploitation heartbeat is made of two measurement metrics: publication heartbeat and internal development rate；
Team's code change speed is made of two measurement metrics: code change speed and averagely submission speed；Team's activity index
ftvCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xtv1、xtv2、xtv3Respectively code cooperation efficiency, team develop heartbeat, team's code change speed；wtv1、
wtv2、wtv3The respectively weight coefficient of code cooperation efficiency, the team exploitation weight coefficient of heartbeat, team's code change speed
Weight coefficient.
In one embodiment of the invention, the software quality principal component includes: code size and quality, software reliability
And community's ability of maintenance, software O&M ability；Wherein, the code size and quality are made of two measurement metrics: lines of code
With the thousand row bit error rates；The software reliability and community's ability of maintenance are made of two measurement metrics: defect closing velocity and problem
Comment on temperature；The software O&M ability is made of defect closing rate；Software quality index fsqCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xsq1、xsq2、xsq3Respectively code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software fortune
Dimension ability；wsq1、wsq2、wsq3The respectively power of the weight coefficient of code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance
The weight coefficient of weight coefficient, software O&M ability.
In one embodiment of the invention, the software metric model includes: the calculation formula of user's activity index, team
The calculation formula of activity index and the calculation formula of software quality index；Based on user's activity index, team's activity index, software
The health status of performance figure perceives formula of index.
In one embodiment of the invention, obtained from software repository by web crawlers method and repository API approach
Take the data of each dimension of the software.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of electronic equipment, including processor and memory, and the memory is stored with
Program instruction, the electronic equipment include the software metrics system based on software development process as described above；Or the place
It manages device operation program instruction and realizes the software metrics method based on software development process as described above.
As described above, software metrics method, system and the electronic equipment of the invention based on software development process have with
It is lower the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention is based on open source projects data, using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, clustering etc., from
The dimensions such as family activity, team's activity, software quality comprehensively and accurately portray open source projects, generate based on software
The software metric model of development process, using the software metric model, the user's activity that can quickly calculate open source projects refers to
Number, team's activity index, software quality index and health status perceive index etc., and helper applications team comprehensively, objectively understands
The situation of developed software, finds the problem in time, actively takes measures, and helps open source projects healthy and sustainable development, helps to develop
Person quickly has found high-quality project-based Learning and participation from magnanimity open source projects.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is shown as the whole functional block diagram of the software metrics system of the invention based on software development process.
Fig. 2 is shown as the principle of principal component analysis module in the software metrics system of the invention based on software development process
Block diagram.
Fig. 3 is shown as the overall flow schematic diagram of the software metrics method of the invention based on software development process.
Fig. 4 be shown as software metric model in the software metrics system of the invention based on software development process generate it is whole
Body flow diagram.
Fig. 5 is shown as obtaining the calculation formula of each index in the software metrics method of the invention based on software development process
Flow chart.
Fig. 6 is shown as the specific implementation procedure flow chart of the software metrics method of the invention based on software development process.
Fig. 7 is shown as software metric model in the software metrics method and system of the invention based on software development process
Schematic diagram of calculation result.
Component label instructions
The 100 software metrics systems based on software development process
110 data acquisition modules
120 preprocessing modules
130 software metrics modules
140 training datas obtain module
150 correlating modules
160 principal component analysis modules
161 user's activity index units
162 team's activity index units
163 software quality index units
170 software metric model generation modules
S110~S170 step
S161~S163 step
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, following embodiment and implementation
Feature in example can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 is please referred to Fig. 7.It should be clear that this specification structure depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings, ratio, size etc., only to
Cooperate the revealed content of specification, so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, being not intended to limit the invention can be real
The qualifications applied, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the tune of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size
It is whole, in the case where not influencing the effect of present invention can be generated and the purpose that can reach, it should all still fall in disclosed skill
Art content obtains in the range of capable of covering.Meanwhile in this specification it is cited as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", " centre " and
The term of " one " etc. is merely convenient to being illustrated for narration, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, relativeness
It is altered or modified, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
The present embodiment is a kind of software metrics system and method based on software development process, is based on open source community Github
In based on 70,000 entry data, using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, clustering etc., in conjunction with field of software engineering
Expertise comprehensively and accurately portrays open source projects from the dimensions such as user's activity, team's activity, software quality, raw
At the software metric model based on software development process.Using the software metric model, open source projects can be quickly calculated
User's activity index, team's activity index, software quality index and health status perception index etc., helper applications team is objective
Understand software condition, find the problem in time, so that open source projects obtain the lasting development of health.
The principle of the software metrics system and method based on software development process of the present embodiment described in detail below and
Embodiment, make those skilled in the art do not need creative work be appreciated that the present embodiment based on software development process
Software metrics system and method.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment provides the described software metrics system 100 based on software development process to
It less include: data acquisition module 110, preprocessing module 120 and software metrics module 130.
In this present embodiment, the data acquisition module 110 is used to obtain the data of each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures
Member.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, the data acquisition module 110 passes through web crawlers method and the repository side API
Method obtains the data of each dimension of the software from software repository.
Such as the data acquisition module 110 uses web crawlers technology and repository API technology, obtains each dimension of software
Data, the data of each dimension of software include time series data and static data, as Elementary Measures member.
In this present embodiment, the preprocessing module 120 is used to the part Elementary Measures member of selection being converted into derivation degree
Amount member.Such as by Elementary Measures member: the timing information that code is submitted is converted into average submission this derived measurement of speed member.
In this present embodiment, the software metrics module 130 is used for according to preset software metric model to the institute of input
It states Elementary Measures member and the derived measurement member is handled, obtain software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity and refer to
Several and health status perception index etc..
When concrete application, software metrics can be used by the data of the Elementary Measures member and derived measurement member
Model directly obtains software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index etc..For the feelings of part measurement metric missing
Condition automatically analyzes computable index, and provides corresponding result.For example, lacking the measurement metric for calculating team's activity index, then lead to
It crosses software metric model and obtains software quality index, user's activity index, provide corresponding as a result, ignoring the meter of team's activity index
It calculates.
It in this present embodiment, further include establishing software metric model.As shown in Figure 1, described based on software development process
Software metrics system 100 further include: training data obtains module 140, correlating module 150, principal component analysis module 160
And software metric model generation module 170.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, the training data obtains module 140 and is used to obtain high-quality open according to filter condition
Source software data.Specifically, filter condition is set to obtain the information of high-quality software for released version number isometry member.Example
Such as, to lines of code, whether there is or not released version etc. carry out condition filter, to obtain the information of high-quality open source software.
In this present embodiment, the correlating module 150 is used to be based on the open source software data, to derived measurement
Member and Elementary Measures member carry out correlation analysis two-by-two, and each measurement metric is mapped to user according to correlation analysis result
Active dimension, team's activity dimension, software quality dimension.
Specifically, based on each dimension data of high-quality software, according to correlation analysis as a result, in conjunction with field of software engineering
Derived measurement member and part Elementary Measures member are mapped to higher level software quality dimension by expertise, user's activity is tieed up
Degree, team's activity dimension.
In this present embodiment, the principal component analysis module 160 is respectively to user's activity dimension, team activity
The measurement metric principal component analysis of dimension, the software quality dimension, obtains user's activity index, team's activity index and software
The calculation formula of performance figure.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the principal component analysis module 160 includes: user's activity index
Unit 161, team's activity index unit 162 and software quality index unit 163.
In this present embodiment, user's activity index unit 161 to the relevant measurement metric of user's activity dimension into
Row principal component analysis obtains user's active principle and constitutes, and obtains the weight coefficient of user's active principle, according to the use
The weight coefficient of family active principle and user's active principle obtains the calculation formula of user's activity index.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, user's active principle is user's activity, user's active principle
Weight coefficient is 1, the calculation formula of user's activity index are as follows: fuv=xuv1；Wherein, fuvFor user's activity index, xuv1For
User's activity.
In this present embodiment, team's activity index unit 162 to the relevant measurement metric of team's activity dimension into
Row principal component analysis obtains team's active principle and constitutes, and obtains the weight coefficient of team's active principle, according to the group
The weight coefficient of team's active principle and team's active principle obtains the calculation formula of team's activity index.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, team's active principle include code cooperation efficiency, team exploitation heartbeat,
Team's code change speed；Wherein, the code cooperation efficiency is made of three measurement metrics: average request aggregate speed is averaged
Aggregate speed, contributor's number；Team's exploitation heartbeat is made of two measurement metrics: publication heartbeat and internal development rate；
Team's code change speed is made of two measurement metrics: code change speed and averagely submission speed；Team's activity index
ftvCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xtv1、xtv2、xtv3Respectively code cooperation efficiency, team develop heartbeat, team's code change speed；wtv1、
wtv2、wtv3The respectively weight coefficient of code cooperation efficiency, the team exploitation weight coefficient of heartbeat, team's code change speed
Weight coefficient.
In this present embodiment, the software quality index unit 163 to the relevant measurement metric of the software quality dimension into
Row principal component analysis obtains software quality principal component and constitutes, and obtains the weight coefficient of the software quality principal component, according to institute
The weight coefficient for stating software quality principal component and the software quality principal component obtains the software quality index.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, the software quality principal component includes: code size and quality, software reliability
And community's ability of maintenance, software O&M ability；Wherein, the code size and quality are made of two measurement metrics: lines of code
With the thousand row bit error rates；The software reliability and community's ability of maintenance are made of two measurement metrics: defect closing velocity and problem
Comment on temperature；The software O&M ability is made of defect closing rate；Software quality index fsqCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xsq1、xsq2、xsq3Respectively code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software fortune
Dimension ability；wsq1、wsq2、wsq3The respectively power of the weight coefficient of code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance
The weight coefficient of weight coefficient, software O&M ability.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, the software metric model generation module 170 be based on user's activity index,
Team's activity index and the calculation formula of software quality index generate the software metric model.
In this present embodiment, the software metric model includes: the calculation formula of user's activity index, team's activity index
Calculation formula and software quality index calculation formula；Based on user's activity index, team's activity index, software quality index
Health status perceive formula of index.
As shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of software metrics method based on software development process, it is described
Software metrics method based on software development process includes:
Step S110 obtains the data of each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures member.
In this present embodiment, it is obtained from software repository by web crawlers method and repository API approach described soft
The data of each dimension of part.
Such as the data acquisition module 110 uses web crawlers technology and repository API technology, obtains each dimension of software
Data, the data of each dimension of software include time series data and static data, as Elementary Measures member.
The part Elementary Measures member of selection is converted into derived measurement member by step S120.
Such as by Elementary Measures member: the timing information that code is submitted is converted into average submission this derived measurement of speed member.
Step S130, according to preset software metric model to the Elementary Measures member of input and derived measurement member
It is handled, obtains software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index and health status perception index etc..
When concrete application, software can be used directly by the data of the Elementary Measures member and derived measurement member
Measurement model directly obtains software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index etc..It is lacked for part measurement metric
The case where, computable index is automatically analyzed, and provide corresponding result.For example, lack the measurement metric for calculating team's activity index,
Software quality index, user's activity index are then obtained by software metric model, provided corresponding as a result, ignoring team's activity index
Calculating.
As shown in figure 4, the present embodiment further includes the process that building generates software metric model.
Specifically, in this present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, the software metrics method based on software development process is also wrapped
It includes:
Step S140 obtains high-quality open source software data according to filter condition
Step S150 is based on the open source software data, carries out correlation two-by-two to derived measurement member and Elementary Measures member
Analysis, and each measurement metric is mapped to by user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, software matter according to correlation analysis result
Measure dimension；
Step S160, respectively to the degree of user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, the software quality dimension
First principal component analysis is measured, user's activity index, the calculation formula of team's activity index and software quality index are obtained；
Step S170, the calculation formula based on user's activity index, team's activity index and software quality index are raw
At the software metric model.
Those skilled in the art, can be direct when executing the software metrics method of the invention based on software development process
Step S110 to step S130 is executed, can also then execute step S140 after executing the step S110 and step S120
To step S170, step S130 is then executed again.
In this present embodiment, as shown in figure 5, it is described respectively to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, institute
The measurement metric principal component analysis for stating software quality dimension, obtains user's activity index, team's activity index and software quality and refers to
Several calculation formula specifically include:
Step S161, to the relevant measurement metric of user's activity dimension carry out principal component analysis obtain user activity it is main at
Divide and constitute, and obtain the weight coefficient of user's active principle, according to user's active principle and user's activity master
The weight coefficient of ingredient obtains the calculation formula of user's activity index.
In this present embodiment, user's active principle is user's activity, the weight system of user's active principle
Number is 1, the calculation formula of user's activity index are as follows: fuv=xuv1；Wherein, fuvFor user's activity index, xuv1It is living for user
Property.
Step S162, to the relevant measurement metric of team's activity dimension carry out principal component analysis obtain team activity it is main at
Divide and constitute, and obtain the weight coefficient of team's active principle, according to team's active principle and team's activity master
The weight coefficient of ingredient obtains the calculation formula of team's activity index.
In this present embodiment, team's active principle includes code cooperation efficiency, team exploitation heartbeat, team's code
Pace of change；Wherein, the code cooperation efficiency is made of three measurement metrics: average request aggregate speed, averagely aggregate speed,
Contributor's number；Team's exploitation heartbeat is made of two measurement metrics: publication heartbeat and internal development rate；Team's generation
Code pace of change is made of two measurement metrics: code change speed and averagely submission speed；Team activity index ftvCalculating it is public
Formula is as follows:
Wherein: xtv1、xtv2、xtv3Respectively code cooperation efficiency, team develop heartbeat, team's code change speed；wtv1、
wtv2、wtv3The respectively weight coefficient of code cooperation efficiency, the team exploitation weight coefficient of heartbeat, team's code change speed
Weight coefficient.
Step S163 carries out principal component analysis to the relevant measurement metric of the software quality dimension, obtains software quality master
Ingredient is constituted, and obtains the weight coefficient of the software quality principal component, according to the software quality principal component and the software
The weight coefficient of quality principal component obtains the software quality index.
In this present embodiment, the software quality principal component includes: code size and quality, software reliability and community's dimension
Shield ability, software O&M ability；Wherein, the code size and quality are made of two measurement metrics: lines of code and thousand rows miss
Code rate；The software reliability and community's ability of maintenance are made of two measurement metrics: defect closing velocity and problem comment on temperature；
The software O&M ability is made of defect closing rate；Software quality index fsqCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xsq1、xsq2、xsq3Respectively code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software fortune
Dimension ability；wsq1、wsq2、wsq3The respectively power of the weight coefficient of code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance
The weight coefficient of weight coefficient, software O&M ability.
In this present embodiment, the software metric model includes: the calculation formula of user's activity index, team's activity index
Calculation formula and software quality index calculation formula；Based on user's activity index, team's activity index, software quality index
Health status perceive formula of index.
Therefore the software metrics method and system in the present embodiment uses crawler technology, correlation analysis, principal component
Analysis etc. carries out data mining to 70,000 entry data in collected open source community Github, in conjunction with field of software engineering
Expertise, ultimately generate using with activity index, team's activity index, software quality index as the software metric model of core,
The objective situation for understanding institute's exploration project of helper applications team, finds the problem in time, actively takes measures, obtain open source projects
The lasting development of health.The model can also quickly find high-quality project from magnanimity open source projects, learn for developer and participate in.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of electronic equipment, including processor and memory, and the memory is stored with
Program instruction, the electronic equipment include the software metrics system 100 based on software development process as described above；Or it is described
Processor runs program instruction and realizes the software metrics method based on software development process as described above.
It is above-mentioned to the software metrics system 100 based on software development process and the software degree based on software development process
Amount method is described in detail, and details are not described herein.
Wherein, the electronic equipment is, for example, smart phone, PAD, PC or server etc..It can will be based on soft
The software metrics system 100 of part development process and the software metrics method based on software development process carry out operation and execute corresponding function
The execution electronic equipment of energy.
As shown in fig. 6, by taking the open source projects in open source community Github generate software metric model as an example.
1) firstly, using web crawlers technology and repository API technology, each dimension of software is obtained from Github repository
Data, including code the static datas such as time series datas and licensing such as submits, and as Elementary Measures member, total about 70,000 are opened
The information of source item.
Based on 70,000 Github repository data, Elementary Measures member is converted into derived measurement member, as submitted code
Timing information is converted into average submission this derived measurement of speed member.Ultimately generate 15 measurement metrics as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
To lines of code, whether there is or not released versions etc. to carry out condition filter, to obtain the information of high-quality open source software.Data are pre-
Nearly 8,000 project datas are obtained after processing.
2) nearly 8,000 open source projects data based on acquisition carry out correlation two-by-two to 1) middle 15 measurement metrics generated
Analysis, to further appreciate that the correlation between measurement metric, based on correlation analysis as a result, in conjunction with it in field of software engineering
Concrete meaning maps that software quality dimension, team's activity dimension, user's activity dimension.Between dimension and measurement metric
Physical relationship is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
3) it is directed to user's activity dimension, PCA analysis is carried out to star number, attention number, software duplication 3 measurement metrics of number, is extracted
1 principal component x outuv1, adding up load quadratic sum is more than 90%, remains most information, and it is living can to fully describe user
Property.It is analyzed according to PCA as a result, calculating user's activity index fuv, calculation formula is as follows:
fuv=xuv1。
For team's activity dimension, to code change speed, speed, average request aggregate speed, average conjunction are averagely submitted
And 7 speed, contributor's number, publication heartbeat, internal development rate measurement metrics progress PCA analyses, extract 3 principal components
xtv1、xtv2、xtv3, accumulative variance contribution ratio reaches 84.477%, remains most information, and it is living can to fully describe team
Property.First principal component xtv1It is made of average request aggregate speed, average aggregate speed, contributor's number, representative is to create point
Branch submits the efficiency for merging the Github code collaboration process based on request etc., with Github Flow Efficiency table
Show；Second principal component, xtv2It is made of publication heartbeat, internal development rate, represents team's exploitation heartbeat, use Team
Heartbeat is indicated；Third principal component xtv3By code change speed, averagely submit speed constituted, represent team's code change
Speed, indicated with CodeChange Speed.According to PCA Analysis result calculation team activity index ftv, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein wi(i=tv1, tv2, tv3) is each principal component weight, calculation method are as follows: wi=variance percentage/accumulation side
Poor percentage.
For software quality dimension, lines of code, the thousand row bit error rates, defect closing velocity, defect closing rate, problem are commented
PCA analysis is carried out by 5 measurement metrics of temperature, extracts 3 principal component xsq1, xsq2, xsq3, contribution rate of accumulative total 78.497% connects
Nearly 80%, most information are remained, software quality can be fully described.Wherein first principal component xsq1By lines of code, thousand
The row bit error rate is constituted, and open source projects code size and quality are represented, and is indicated with Software Scale&Quality, and second is main
Ingredient xsq2It is made of defect closing velocity, problem comment temperature, represents software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, illustrate society
Help of the area to software maintenance is indicated with Community Based Reliability；Third principal component xsq3It is closed by defect
Rate is constituted, and is represented open source projects software O&M ability, is indicated with Software Maintenance Capability.
According to PCA Analysis result calculation software quality index fsq, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein wi(i=sq1, sq2, sq3) is each principal component weight, calculation method are as follows: wi=variance percentage/accumulation side
Poor percentage.
4) it is based on user's activity index, team's activity index, software quality index, it is soft can objectively to perceive open source comprehensively
The situation of user, team, the software itself of part etc. according to the sum of three, can also obtain the health status perception of open source projects
Index HSPI.
HSPI=fuv+ftv+fsq。
User's activity index of the direct software for calculation of software metric model as shown in Figure 7, group can be used in software team
Team's activity index and software quality index carry out the situation of complete perception project.The case where for software section measurement metric missing, from
The dynamic computable index of analysis, and provide corresponding result.
In conclusion the present invention based on open source projects data, is divided using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster
Analysis etc., comprehensively and accurately portrays open source projects from the dimensions such as user's activity, team's activity, software quality, is generated
Software metric model based on software development process can quickly calculate the use of open source projects using the software metric model
Family activity index, team's activity index, software quality index and health status perception index etc., helper applications team is comprehensive, objective
The situation of the developed software of the understanding of sight, finds the problem in time, actively takes measures, and helps open source projects healthy and sustainable development,
Developer is helped quickly to find high-quality project-based Learning and participation from magnanimity open source projects.So the present invention effectively overcomes now
There is the various shortcoming in technology and has high industrial utilization value.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, includes that institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention for usual skill in technical field such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of software metrics system based on software development process, which is characterized in that described based on the soft of software development process
Part gauging system includes:
Data acquisition module, for obtaining the data of each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures member；
Preprocessing module, for the part Elementary Measures member of selection to be converted into derived measurement member；
Software metrics module, for according to preset software metric model to input the Elementary Measures member and the derivation degree
Amount member is handled, and is obtained software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index and health status and is perceived index.
2. the software metrics system according to claim 1 based on software development process, which is characterized in that described based on soft
The software metrics system of part development process further include:
Training data obtains module, for obtaining open source software data according to filter condition；
Correlating module carries out two-by-two derived measurement member and Elementary Measures member for being based on the open source software data
Correlation analysis, and according to correlation analysis result by each measurement metric be mapped to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension,
Software quality dimension；
Principal component analysis module, respectively to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, the software quality dimension
The analysis of measurement metric principal component, obtains user's activity index, the calculation formula of team's activity index and software quality index；
Software metric model generation module, based on user's activity index, team's activity index and software quality index
It calculates formula and generates the software metric model.
3. the software metrics system according to claim 2 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the principal component
Analysis module includes:
User's activity index unit carries out principal component analysis to the relevant measurement metric of user's activity dimension and obtains user's activity
Principal component is constituted, and obtains the weight coefficient of user's active principle, living according to user's active principle and the user
The weight coefficient of property principal component obtains the calculation formula of user's activity index；
Team's activity index unit carries out principal component analysis to the relevant measurement metric of team's activity dimension and obtains team's activity
Principal component is constituted, and obtains the weight coefficient of team's active principle, living according to team's active principle and the team
The weight coefficient of property principal component obtains the calculation formula of team's activity index；
Software quality index unit carries out principal component analysis to the relevant measurement metric of the software quality dimension, obtains software matter
It measures principal component to constitute, and obtains the weight coefficient of the software quality principal component, according to the software quality principal component and described
The weight coefficient of software quality principal component obtains the software quality index.
4. the software metrics system according to claim 3 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the user is living
Property principal component be user's activity, the weight coefficient of user's active principle is 1, the calculation formula of user's activity index
Are as follows: fuv=xuv1；Wherein, fuvFor user's activity index, xuv1For user's activity.
5. the software metrics system according to claim 3 based on software development process, it is characterised in that: the team is living
Property principal component include code cooperation efficiency, team exploitation heartbeat, team's code change speed；Wherein, the code cooperation efficiency
It is made of three measurement metrics: average request aggregate speed, average aggregate speed, contributor's number；Team exploitation heartbeat by
Two measurement metrics are constituted: publication heartbeat and internal development rate；Team's code change speed is made of two measurement metrics: generation
Code pace of change and averagely submission speed；Team activity index ftvCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xtv1、xtv2、xtv3Respectively code cooperation efficiency, team develop heartbeat, team's code change speed；wtv1、wtv2、
wtv3Respectively the weight coefficient of code cooperation efficiency, team's exploitation weight coefficient of heartbeat, team's code change speed weight
Coefficient.
6. the software metrics system according to claim 3 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the software matter
Measuring principal component includes: code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software O&M ability；Wherein, the generation
Code scale and quality are made of two measurement metrics: lines of code and the thousand row bit error rates；The software reliability and community safeguard energy
Power is made of two measurement metrics: defect closing velocity and problem comment on temperature；The software O&M ability is by defect closing rate structure
At；Software quality index fsqCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xsq1、xsq2、xsq3Respectively code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software O&M energy
Power；wsq1、wsq2、wsq3The respectively weight system of the weight coefficient of code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance
The weight coefficient of number, software O&M ability.
7. the software metrics system according to claim 2 to 6 any claim based on software development process, feature
It is, the software metric model includes: the calculation formula of user's activity index, the calculation formula of team's activity index and software
The calculation formula of performance figure；Health status perception based on user's activity index, team's activity index, software quality index refers to
Number calculation formula.
8. the software metrics system according to claim 1 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the data are adopted
Collection module obtains the data of each dimension of the software by web crawlers method and repository API approach from software repository.
9. a kind of software metrics method based on software development process, which is characterized in that described based on the soft of software development process
Part measure includes:
The data for obtaining each dimension of software, as Elementary Measures member；
The part Elementary Measures member of selection is converted into derived measurement member；
The Elementary Measures member of input and the derived measurement member are handled according to preset software metric model, obtained
Software quality index, user's activity index, team's activity index and health status perceive index.
10. the software metrics method according to claim 9 based on software development process, which is characterized in that described to be based on
The software metrics method of software development process further include:
Open source software data are obtained according to filter condition；
Based on the open source software data, correlation analysis two-by-two is carried out to derived measurement member and Elementary Measures member, and according to phase
Each measurement metric is mapped to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, software quality dimension by closing property analysis result；
Respectively to the measurement metric principal component of user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, the software quality dimension
Analysis obtains user's activity index, the calculation formula of team's activity index and software quality index；
Calculation formula based on user's activity index, team's activity index and software quality index generates the software metrics
Model.
11. the software metrics method according to claim 10 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the difference
Measurement metric principal component analysis to user's activity dimension, team's activity dimension, the software quality dimension, obtains
The calculation formula of user's activity index, team's activity index and software quality index specifically includes:
Principal component analysis is carried out to the relevant measurement metric of user's activity dimension and obtains user's active principle composition, and is obtained
The weight coefficient of user's active principle, according to the weight coefficient of user's active principle and user's active principle
Obtain the calculation formula of user's activity index；
Principal component analysis is carried out to the relevant measurement metric of team's activity dimension and obtains team's active principle composition, and is obtained
The weight coefficient of team's active principle, according to the weight coefficient of team's active principle and team's active principle
Obtain the calculation formula of team's activity index；
Principal component analysis is carried out to the relevant measurement metric of the software quality dimension, software quality principal component is obtained and constitutes, and obtain
The weight coefficient for taking the software quality principal component, according to the power of the software quality principal component and the software quality principal component
Weight coefficient obtains the software quality index.
12. the software metrics method according to claim 11 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the user
Active principle is user's activity, and the weight coefficient of user's active principle is 1, and the calculating of user's activity index is public
Formula are as follows: fuv=xuv1；Wherein, fuvFor user's activity index, xuv1For user's activity.
13. the software metrics method according to claim 11 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the team
Active principle includes code cooperation efficiency, team exploitation heartbeat, team's code change speed；Wherein, the code cooperation effect
Rate is made of three measurement metrics: average request aggregate speed, average aggregate speed, contributor's number；The team develops heartbeat
It is made of two measurement metrics: publication heartbeat and internal development rate；Team's code change speed is made of two measurement metrics:
Code change speed and averagely submission speed；Team activity index ftvCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xtv1、xtv2、xtv3Respectively code cooperation efficiency, team develop heartbeat, team's code change speed；wtv1、wtv2、
wtv3Respectively the weight coefficient of code cooperation efficiency, team's exploitation weight coefficient of heartbeat, team's code change speed weight
Coefficient.
14. the software metrics method according to claim 11 based on software development process, which is characterized in that the software
Quality principal component includes: code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software O&M ability；Wherein, described
Code size and quality are made of two measurement metrics: lines of code and the thousand row bit error rates；The software reliability and community's maintenance
Ability is made of two measurement metrics: defect closing velocity and problem comment on temperature；The software O&M ability closes rate by defect
It constitutes；Software quality index fsqCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein: xsq1、xsq2、xsq3Respectively code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance, software O&M energy
Power；wsq1、wsq2、wsq3The respectively weight system of the weight coefficient of code size and quality, software reliability and community's ability of maintenance
The weight coefficient of number, software O&M ability.
15. the software metrics side based on software development process described in 0 to 14 any claim according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the software metric model includes: the calculating of the calculation formula of user's activity index, team's activity index
The calculation formula of formula and software quality index；Based on user's activity index, team's activity index, the health of software quality index
State aware formula of index.
16. the software metrics method according to claim 9 based on software development process, which is characterized in that pass through network
Crawler method and repository API approach obtain the data of each dimension of the software from software repository.
17. a kind of electronic equipment, including processor and memory, the memory are stored with program instruction, which is characterized in that institute
Stating electronic equipment includes the software based on software development process as described in claim 1 to claim 8 any claim
Gauging system；Or the processor operation program instruction is realized such as claim 9 to the described in any item bases of claim 16
In the software metrics method of software development process.
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