CN109582222A - A kind of method for cleaning persistently cached in host perception watt recording disc - Google Patents
A kind of method for cleaning persistently cached in host perception watt recording disc Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109582222A CN109582222A CN201811281365.0A CN201811281365A CN109582222A CN 109582222 A CN109582222 A CN 109582222A CN 201811281365 A CN201811281365 A CN 201811281365A CN 109582222 A CN109582222 A CN 109582222A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- recording disc
- watt
- persistently
- track
- watt recording
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/061—Improving I/O performance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0646—Horizontal data movement in storage systems, i.e. moving data in between storage devices or systems
- G06F3/0652—Erasing, e.g. deleting, data cleaning, moving of data to a wastebasket
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0653—Monitoring storage devices or systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0673—Single storage device
- G06F3/0674—Disk device
- G06F3/0676—Magnetic disk device
Abstract
The invention discloses the method for cleaning persistently cached in a kind of watt recording disc of host perception, it include: the service condition of (1) monitoring watt recording disc, if the remaining space for detecting idle window, and persistently caching is lower than preset Tidle threshold, then step (2) are transferred to;(2) use information of track areas is obtained, and determines the goal track region for needing to be written data when cleaning persistently caches;(3) according to the use information construction sequence write request in goal track region, and goal track region is written into sequence write request, clears up the operation persistently cached to trigger watt recording disc.The present invention can actively clear up the data in persistently caching using the free time of system, to effectively improve the performance of watt recording disc of host perception.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of data storage, held in watt recording disc perceived more particularly, to a kind of host
The method for cleaning cached long.
Background technique
The explosive growth of data volume forces storage system to seek the equipment of more high storage capacity.Disk is considered as can horse
On meet the storage solution of urgent data storage capacity increased requirement, and be real between cost, capacity and performance
The solution now preferably balanced.However, as traditional Magnetographic Technology is approaching the disk list determined by superparamagnetic e ffect
The theoretical limit of areal bit density, the capacity of traditional magnetic disk is also just close to its attainable limit of institute.
Watt recording technique obtains higher than traditional Magnetographic Technology by further using the space between disk track
Unit area storage density, the unit area storage density of watt recording disc based on watt recording technique can reach 10TB/in2
Even higher, different from traditional magnetic disk, the magnetic track in watt recording disc equally makes adjacent magnetic by the tile on layout imaging roof
There is the overlapping of part between road, as shown in Figure 1, wherein #1~#4 respectively indicates the number of four continuous magnetic tracks.Due to adjacent magnetic
It overlaps between road, than 1# magnetic track and #2 magnetic track as shown in figure 1, since #2 track portion lapping is at the top of #1 magnetic track,
Update the data that the data in #1 magnetic track will inevitably cover in #2 magnetic track.Therefore, watt recording disc must update #1
The data in #2 magnetic track are read before magnetic track, and these data read are write back into #2 magnetic track after the completion of #1 magnetic track updates,
This will be greatly reduced writing efficiency and bring and serious writing amplification for watt recording disc.
It is the problem of in order to alleviate in watt recording disc due to write performance decline caused by track layout and write amplification, existing
Host perception watt recording disc in introduce persistently caching (Persistent Cache), and will several continuous magnetic tracks divisions
For track areas.The physical layout of track areas is abstracted into continuous sheet of by controller inside disk and other supplementary structures
Logical space, persistently caching is for cache data to the random write request of track areas, when the remaining sky in lasting caching
Between when being lower than some threshold value, the operation that persistently caches of cleaning can be triggered, will be persistently in the data write-in track areas in caching.
The capacity persistently cached is relatively small, and data are moved to from lasting caching it is very time-consuming in track areas,
Existing watt record conversion layer (STL) watt recording disc scheme and based on watt record conversion layer a prioritization scheme facilitate reduce hold
Unnecessary data are mobile between long cache and magnetic track, but underuse the lasting cache of watt recording disc.When from host
Request when mutually conflicting with the operation for clearing up lasting cache in watt recording disc disk, the performance of watt recording disc can greatly drop
It is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art and Improvement requirement, the present invention provides hold in a kind of watt recording disc of host perception
The method for cleaning cached long, it is intended that the data in persistently caching are actively cleared up using the free time of system, to improve
The performance of watt recording disc of host perception.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the cleaning sides persistently cached in a kind of watt recording disc of host perception
Method includes the following steps:
(1) service condition for monitoring watt recording disc, if detecting idle window, and the remaining space persistently cached is lower than
Preset Tidle threshold is then transferred to step (2);
(2) use information of track areas is obtained, and determines the goal track for needing to be written data when cleaning persistently caches
Region;
(3) the sequence write request of access target track areas is configured to according to the use information in goal track region, and
To a watt recording disc transmission sequence write request, the operation persistently cached is cleared up to trigger watt recording disc;
Wherein, idle window is a period and is sent to a watt recording disc without request in idle window, is used
Information includes track areas number, the highest logical address of write pointer deviant, random writing data quantity and valid data.
Further, the method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception provided by the present invention, is also wrapped
It includes: according to the service condition of watt recording disc, updating the use information of track areas.
Further, in step (2), identified goal track region is random writing data quantity in all track areas
Maximum track areas, to discharge more lasting spatial caches.
Further, in step (2), identified goal track region is random writing data quantity in all track areas
The smallest track areas asks a watt recording disc to avoid upper layer application is influenced because clearing up lasting caching time-consuming process
It asks.
Further, in step (3), the logical address of the sequence write request constructed writes finger for goal track region
Needle deviant, and the size of sequence write request is the most small letter unit of watt recording disc, to minimize constructed sequence
Storage of the data influence watt recording disc of write request write-in to valid data.
In general, contemplated above technical scheme through the invention, can obtain it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception provided by the present invention, by a watt note
Construction sequence write request and track areas is accessed when recording the disk free time, can make full use of the free time of system, actively trigger
Watt recording disc clears up the operation persistently cached, on the one hand, the situation that can effectively avoid lasting cache residual space deficiency, from
And reduce the request response time fluctuating range of watt recording disc of host perception;On the other hand, it can effectively avoid using production
Raw request mutually conflicts with the operation that cleaning persistently caches, and promotes the overall performance of storage system.
(2) method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception provided by the present invention, passes through idle window
Mouth determines whether watt recording disc is idle, and since storage access has temporal locality, method provided by the present invention being capable of standard
Really whether judgement watt recording disc is idle, asks to avoid actively triggering when clearing up lasting caching with what upper layer application generated
It asks and mutually conflicts.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is track layout's schematic diagram of existing watt of recording disc;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is persistently cached in watt recording disc for the perception of existing host;
The method for cleaning process that Fig. 3 is persistently cached in watt recording disc for host provided in an embodiment of the present invention perception
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Before explaining in detail technical solution of the present invention, first to the associated storage machine in watt recording disc of host perception
System is simply introduced.Fig. 2 show the schematic diagram persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception, wherein further including one
Track areas;The write pointer of track areas is used to indicate the logical place that can write direct data, initial time, the track areas
Write pointer be directed toward lowest logical address;When sequence write request (i.e. the logical address of the request is identical as write pointer deviant) arrives
After reaching, data will write direct the logical space of the track areas, and the write pointer raised direction of logical address of accordingly handing down is mobile;
After random write request (i.e. the logical address of the request is different from write pointer deviant) reaches, data will be written in persistently caching,
And the mapping table persistently cached is updated accordingly, the residual memory space persistently cached is correspondingly reduced.When in lasting caching
When remaining space is lower than some threshold value, the operation that cleaning persistently caches can be triggered, magnetic track is written into the data in lasting caching
In region.The threshold value is often set according to the practical application scene of storage system, to guarantee there are enough free time in persistently caching
It will not be continually because persistently caching remains between the random write data of spatial cache track areas and lasting caching and track areas
Complementary space is insufficient and Data Migration occurs.
In addition, when sequence write request reaches, if there are also random write data buffer storages in lasting caching in track areas,
Then watt recording disc is in addition to also triggering a watt recording disc for other than the logical space of the data of sequence write request write-in track areas
The operation persistently cached is cleared up, the random write data of the track areas are migrated from lasting caching to the logic of the track areas
In space;The write head of disk can only be moved sequentially, to migrate the random write data of the track areas from lasting caching
Into track areas, in the operation that cleaning persistently caches, the total amount of data that track areas is written is the track areas significant figure
According to highest logical address and write pointer offset difference, remove random write data outside, remainder data with " 0 " fill.
Based on mechanism stored above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, host provided by the present invention
The requesting method persistently cached in watt recording disc of perception, includes the following steps:
(1) service condition for monitoring watt recording disc, if detecting idle window, and the remaining space persistently cached is lower than
Preset Tidle threshold is then transferred to step (2);
Wherein, idle window is a period and is sent to a watt recording disc without request in idle window, idle
The specific length of window can be according to the access time property settings of application;Since storage access has temporal locality, detect
No request be sent to watt recording disc and wait a period, can accurate judgement watt recording disc it is whether idle, to keep away
Exempt from actively to trigger and mutually conflict when clearing up lasting caching with the request of upper layer application generation;
(2) use information of track areas is obtained, and determines the goal track for needing to be written data when cleaning persistently caches
Region;
Wherein, use information include track areas number, write pointer deviant, random writing data quantity and valid data most
High logical address;
In the present embodiment, identified goal track region is the maximum magnetic of random writing data quantity in all track areas
Road region;In the lasting caching of cleaning of watt recording disc, goal track region can be buffered in persistently caching in institute
There are random write data that goal track region is all written, selects the maximum track areas of random writing data quantity as goal track area
Domain can discharge more lasting spatial caches in once-through operation;
(3) the sequence write request of access target track areas is configured to according to the use information in goal track region, and
Constructed sequence write request is sent to watt recording disc, clears up the operation persistently cached to trigger watt recording disc;
In an optional real-time mode, in step (3), the logical address of the sequence write request constructed is target magnetic
The write pointer deviant in road region, and the size of the sequence write request is the most small letter unit of watt recording disc, to subtract as far as possible
Storage of the data influence watt recording disc of small constructed sequence write request write-in to valid data;The sequence write request is write
Entering data can be arbitrary data, and in the present embodiment, write-in data content is complete " 0 ";
In the present embodiment, the method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception provided by the present invention,
Further include: according to the service condition of watt recording disc, update the use information of track areas;
Specifically, with the write-in of data in track areas, correspondingly modify the track areas write pointer deviant, with
The highest logical address of machine writing data quantity and valid data.
Biggish application is spaced to a watt recording disc access for multi-media edit etc., using first embodiment of the invention institute
The method for cleaning persistently cached provided can significantly promote the overall performance of storage system.
It is persistently cached in the second embodiment of the present invention, watt recording disc of host perception provided by the present invention clear
Reason method is similar with the first embodiment of the present invention, institute the difference is that, identified goal track region is in step (2)
The smallest track areas of random writing data quantity in all track areas;When clearing up persistently caching, time overhead is cached with from lasting
Be written track areas random write data data volume be it is directly proportional, select the smallest track areas of random writing data quantity as
Goal track region can avoid influencing upper layer application to a watt record because cleaning takes long time while cleaning persistently caching
The request of disk.
Lesser application is spaced to a watt recording disc access for file server etc., using second embodiment of the invention institute
The method for cleaning persistently cached provided can significantly promote the overall performance of storage system.
The method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception provided by the present invention, by a watt record magnetic
Idle of circling or whirl in the air construction sequence write request simultaneously accesses track areas, can make full use of the free time of system, actively triggering watt note
The operation that record Disk Cleanup persistently caches, on the one hand, the situation that can effectively avoid lasting cache residual space deficiency, to drop
The request response time fluctuating range of watt recording disc of low host perception;On the other hand, it can effectively avoid using generation
It requests the operation persistently cached with cleaning mutually to conflict, promotes the overall performance of storage system.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the method for cleaning persistently cached in a kind of watt recording disc of host perception, which comprises the steps of:
(1) service condition for monitoring watt recording disc, if detecting idle window, and the remaining space persistently cached is lower than
Preset Tidle threshold is then transferred to step (2);
(2) use information of track areas is obtained, and determines the goal track region for needing to be written data when cleaning persistently caches;
(3) it is asked according to the sequential write that the use information in the goal track region is configured to access the goal track region
It asks, and sends the sequence write request to described watt of recording disc, clear up the behaviour persistently cached to trigger described watt of recording disc
Make;
Wherein, the idle window is a period and is sent to described watt of record magnetic without request in the idle window
Disk, the use information include track areas number, the highest logic of write pointer deviant, random writing data quantity and valid data
Address.
2. the method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also
It include: that the use information of track areas is updated according to the service condition of watt recording disc.
3. the method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In in the step (2), identified goal track region is the random maximum magnetic track area of writing data quantity in all track areas
Domain.
4. the method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In in the step (2), identified goal track region is the random the smallest magnetic track area of writing data quantity in all track areas
Domain.
5. the method for cleaning persistently cached in watt recording disc of host perception as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In in the step (3), the logical address of the sequence write request constructed is that the write pointer in the goal track region deviates
Value, and the size of the sequence write request is the most small letter unit of watt recording disc.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811281365.0A CN109582222B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | Method for cleaning persistent cache in host sensing tile recording disk |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811281365.0A CN109582222B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | Method for cleaning persistent cache in host sensing tile recording disk |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN109582222A true CN109582222A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
CN109582222B CN109582222B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
Family
ID=65920865
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811281365.0A Active CN109582222B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | Method for cleaning persistent cache in host sensing tile recording disk |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN109582222B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111026329A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-17 | 华中科技大学 | Key value storage system based on host management tile record disk and data processing method |
CN112214169A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 深圳大学 | Data storage device and stored data migration method |
CN112463025A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-09 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Tile record disk data management method and device and electronic equipment |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1862475A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-11-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for managing magnetic disk array buffer storage |
CN101539842A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2009-09-23 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Data wiring method of disk array system and disk array system |
US8874833B1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2014-10-28 | Marvell International Ltd. | Sequential writes to flash memory |
CN106095342A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 华中科技大学 | Watt recording disc array construction method and the system of a kind of dynamically changeable long strip |
CN106293543A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | A kind of based on incidentally reclaim watt record a RAID write ordered method and device |
US20170160942A1 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2017-06-08 | Silicon Motion, Inc. | Data storage device and flash memory control method |
CN106970764A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-21 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | An a kind of watt record RAID based on band version writes ordered method and system |
CN107341070A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-10 | 长江大学 | A kind of random write method and system based on correcting and eleting codes |
-
2018
- 2018-10-31 CN CN201811281365.0A patent/CN109582222B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1862475A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-11-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for managing magnetic disk array buffer storage |
US8874833B1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2014-10-28 | Marvell International Ltd. | Sequential writes to flash memory |
CN101539842A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2009-09-23 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Data wiring method of disk array system and disk array system |
US20170160942A1 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2017-06-08 | Silicon Motion, Inc. | Data storage device and flash memory control method |
CN106095342A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 华中科技大学 | Watt recording disc array construction method and the system of a kind of dynamically changeable long strip |
CN106293543A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | A kind of based on incidentally reclaim watt record a RAID write ordered method and device |
CN106970764A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-21 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | An a kind of watt record RAID based on band version writes ordered method and system |
CN107341070A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-10 | 长江大学 | A kind of random write method and system based on correcting and eleting codes |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
王国华等: "高密度磁记录技术研究综述", 《计算机研究与发展》 * |
马留英等: "高性能混合结构的瓦记录磁盘系统的设计与实现", 《高技术通讯》 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111026329A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-17 | 华中科技大学 | Key value storage system based on host management tile record disk and data processing method |
CN112214169A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 深圳大学 | Data storage device and stored data migration method |
CN112214169B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-08-10 | 深圳大学 | Data storage device and stored data migration method |
CN112463025A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-09 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Tile record disk data management method and device and electronic equipment |
CN112463025B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-08-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Tile record disk data management method and device and electronic equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN109582222B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107193646B (en) | High-efficiency dynamic page scheduling method based on mixed main memory architecture | |
US9785558B2 (en) | Mixed cache management | |
CN103257935B (en) | A kind of buffer memory management method and application thereof | |
US20180121351A1 (en) | Storage system, storage management apparatus, storage device, hybrid storage apparatus, and storage management method | |
CN103777905B (en) | Software-defined fusion storage method for solid-state disc | |
CN104794064B (en) | A kind of buffer memory management method based on region temperature | |
KR101335792B1 (en) | Information device with cache, information processing device using the same, and computer readable recording medium having program thereof | |
CN105930282B (en) | A kind of data cache method for NAND FLASH | |
CN106095342B (en) | A kind of watt recording disc array construction method and the system of dynamically changeable long strip | |
CN109710184B (en) | Hierarchical hybrid storage method and system for tile record disk perception | |
CN109582222A (en) | A kind of method for cleaning persistently cached in host perception watt recording disc | |
US20110197035A1 (en) | Data storage device, storing medium access method and storing medium thereof | |
US20090216945A1 (en) | Storage system which utilizes two kinds of memory devices as its cache memory and method of controlling the storage system | |
CN106201335B (en) | Storage system | |
CN103985393B (en) | A kind of multiple optical disk data parallel management method and device | |
WO2017063495A1 (en) | Data migration method and apparatus | |
CN106294197A (en) | A kind of page frame replacement method towards nand flash memory | |
CN110413199A (en) | Manage method, equipment and the computer program product of storage system | |
CN105955664B (en) | A kind of reading/writing method of watt record conversion layer based on segment structure | |
CN110888600B (en) | Buffer area management method for NAND flash memory | |
CN102999428A (en) | Four-stage addressing method for tile recording disk | |
US9189392B1 (en) | Opportunistic defragmentation during garbage collection | |
CN109697033A (en) | Tile record disk sensing storage caching method and system | |
CN106021159B (en) | Large Copacity solid state hard disc logical address is to physical address map method | |
CN106527987A (en) | Non-DRAM SSD master control reliability improving system and method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |