CN109581322A - A kind of MIMO radar target identification method under cheating interference based on Hough transform - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/42—Diversity systems specially adapted for radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract
The MIMO radar target identification method that the invention discloses a kind of under cheating interference based on Hough transform, comprising the following specific steps (1) MIMO radar emits signal analysis based on model；(2) echo-signal correlative accumulation；(3) cheating interference characteristic analysis；(4) echo point projects to parameter space, curve obtained C through Hough transformlBallot accumulation is carried out in corresponding accumulative element；(5) threshold judgement；(6) Hough inverse transformation.The present invention obtains several by multiple-input multiple-output according to MIMO radar and receives image, spatial position of the target in different images is identical, interfere the feature different in different images spatial location, it solves and interferes the technical problem more, computationally intensive, identification is difficult with false-alarm targets in echo, suitable for MIMO radar to the identification of target under cheating interference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor data, and particularly relates to a MIMO radar target identification method based on Hough transformation under deception jamming.
Background
The MIMO radar transmits orthogonal signals, and the orthogonality of the signals enables the radiation energy to any point in space to be equal, namely a transmitting directional diagram is not formed; the receiving end adopts an array to receive target echoes, synthesizes each sub-bandwidth into a large bandwidth by utilizing a comprehensive pulse and aperture technology, forms a transmitting and receiving double-pass directional diagram and simultaneously obtains target distance, direction and pitching three-dimensional information; has the advantages of large bandwidth and high aperture utilization rate.
At present, the interference to the MIMO radar is mostly in the traditional forms of suppressing interference, deception interference and the like. Most of them are noise interferences, but the power requirement is high due to the inability to obtain compression gain, and the suppression interferences are easy to be found and suppressed. In contrast, spoofing interference can achieve the same compression processing gain as radar returns, with lower power requirements, and thus, in practice, interference to MIMO radar is more prone to implementing spoofing interference.
At present, the research on the field of the anti-interference of the MIMO radar is less, the research on the multipath clutter suppression technology is mostly carried out, Liwei and the like (an anti-deception jamming algorithm of the MIMO radar based on data fusion, Liwei, Zhang Geng, Signal processing, volume 27, No. 2, and month 2 in 2011) analyze the MIMO radar through a two-dimensional fuzzy function, and then an anti-interference algorithm is given based on data fusion. However, the general description is only given in principle, and the specific processes of interaction and influence of each component of the fuzzy function, how to eliminate the function, and the like are not described. There is no mention of how the signals between the individual receiving elements are processed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides the MIMO radar target identification method based on Hough transformation under deception jamming, so as to solve the technical problems of more jamming and false alarm targets, large calculation amount and difficult identification in an echo image.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a MIMO radar target identification method based on Hough transformation under deception jamming comprises the following specific steps:
(1) MIMO radar emission signal model analysis: in order to enable signals transmitted by each array element to have better orthogonality, the MIMO radar transmits signals by adopting FMCW signals, and each transmitting array element transmits Q pulses in a coherent period;
(2) coherent accumulation of echo signals: the receiving array element receives signals transmitted by other transmitting array elements, coherent accumulation is carried out after frequency mixing and matching filtering, and the receiving array element receives the signals transmitted by the transmitting array element and directly superposes images after filtering;
(3) and (3) deception jamming characteristic analysis: the radar tracking object is a far-field point target and carries a self-defense deception jammer, and after a radar transmitting signal irradiates the target, the jammer captures an interference signal form and drags the distance and the speed; after the matched filtering and the coherent accumulation in the step (2), M images can be obtained, wherein the images contain targets and interference, and the echo processing of the MIMO radar is carried out;
(4) the echo point is projected to a parameter space through Hough transformation to obtain a curve ClVoting accumulation is carried out in corresponding accumulation units;
(5) and (3) threshold judgment: set threshold Thr1Calculating the number of votesWhen the number exceeds a certain value Q, reserving the corresponding voting unit l;
(6) hough inverse transformation: obtaining an effective parameter curve after the step (5)In the corresponding memory cellTo read out the corresponding status dataAnd finally, mapping the target from the parametric space to the Cartesian space is finished.
Further, in step (1), the q-th pulse signal transmitted by the m-th transmitting array element is:
further, in the step (1), because the signals are orthogonal, when the jammer captures the signals and generates deceptive interference, the interference can only exist in one or a plurality of corresponding echo images, and the interference can be filtered through constant false alarm detection; even if the interference exists in the strong power at the same time, so that the interference exists in other receiving images, because the receiving signals are different, the positions of the interference in different receiving images are different, and the clutter can be filtered by using the constant false alarm detection; however, the method of step (1) is prone to failure when the jammer detects most of the transmitted signal and successfully replicates and modulates the jammer signal.
Further, in the step (2), the receiving array element receives signals of other transmitting array elements, because of the spatial distribution of the array elements, the phase compensation needs to be carried out on the received signals, the time synchronization of the same pulse signal of the same transmitting array element among different array elements is realized, and the echo is multiplied by exp (-pi f)m,qn lambda cos theta), namely coherent accumulation of the echo pulse signals in the transverse direction can be realized; in a coherent accumulation period, after the phase compensation and transverse accumulation of echo signals, the obtained echo signals form Q groups of images, each group contains M images, each image contains a target point trace, interference exists in the image corresponding to the signal captured by the interference machine, and the Q.M images are subjected to phase compensation and transverse accumulationAnd if the image is simply superposed, Q & M traces of the points at the target position in the superposed image are obtained.
Further, in step (3), the interference signal is in the form of:
J(t)＝AJS(t-τ-ρ(t))exp(j2παt)
further, in step (3), the echo processing flow of the MIMO radar is:
m transmitting array elements transmit M signals, and the number of received signals of each receiving unit is M; if M is equal to M, the receiving unit does not receive the interference signal; if M is greater than M, the interference signal exists in the receiving signal of the receiving unit, and at the moment, if M is less than 3M/2, namely the number of the images with the interference is less than half, the interference can be identified through image comparison; if M is more than 3M/2, interference and false alarm are not easy to judge, and a Hough transformation method is adopted for detection and identification.
Further, in the step (4), each receiving unit performs coherent accumulation on the received signal to obtain an echo image, the echo image is projected to a parameter space from a Cartesian space through Hough transformation, and a target is identified through the energy accumulation characteristic of the parameter space; as the radar is tracked to the false target as much as possible by the deceptive jamming, the space positions of the jamming and the real target are generally not too close to each other, the distance of the accumulation units is reasonably set, the same echo point falls into the same accumulation unit, the unit number of the accumulation unit where each echo point is located is sequentially recorded and recorded as a sequence LlVoting the curves of the echo points in the parameter space one by one, and recording the accumulated value of each sequence one by one to obtain a new sequence Hl。
Further, the specific operation method in the step (4) is as follows:
(a) and (3) parametric space division:
will be parameterThe space rho-theta is divided into units of accumulation, rho ═ rho1,ρ2,...,ρn],θ＝[θ1,θ2,...,θn]The center point of each accumulation unit is:
(b) build accumulation Unit accumulators and memory:
establishing an accumulation unit accumulator P (rho, theta), setting each unit as 0, establishing a Memory array Memory (rho, theta), setting a Memory unit pointer as 1: index (ρ, θ) 1;
(c) will echo point { XijMapping the data into parameter space through Hough transformation, namely mapping each echo state dataAnd (3) converting the space into a parameter space according to the following Hough transformation equation:
defining the corresponding parameter curve as Cl；
(d) Vote accumulation and status data storage:
at curve ClVoting is carried out on the corresponding accumulation units, and the unit numbers of the rho accumulation units are recorded into a sequence LlRecording a sequence LlIs a sequence H of accumulation values per accumulation unitlWhile simultaneously transmitting status dataIs stored in a corresponding storageIn the cell Memory (ρ, θ);
(e) repeating (b) - (d) until the states of all echo points are mapped into the parameter space.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the MIMO radar target method based on Hough transformation under deception interference is adopted to superpose the echo images, and the echoes of each receiving array element do not need to be calculated one by one, so that the calculated amount is greatly reduced, and the engineering realization is easy.
(2) The method utilizes the characteristics that the spatial position of the real target in each receiving array element echo signal is the same and the spatial position of the real target interfering in each receiving array element echo signal is uncertain, combines the characteristic that the same coordinate position point in the Cartesian space falls into the same accumulation unit after Hough transformation, and obtains the real target echo point through threshold judgment.
According to the characteristics that the MIMO radar obtains a plurality of received images through multiple sending and multiple receiving, the space positions of the targets in different images are the same, and the space positions of interference in different images are different, the technical problems of more interference and false alarm targets, large calculation amount and difficult identification in echo images are solved, and the method is suitable for identifying the targets under deception interference by the MIMO radar.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of MIMO radar arrangement and relation to a target;
FIG. 2 is a process flow of the MIMO radar echo processing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of Hough processing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The MIMO radar target identification method based on Hough transformation under deception jamming provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
1. MIMO radar emission signal model analysis: as shown in fig. 1, in order to make the signals transmitted by each array element have better orthogonality, the MIMO radar transmits signals by using FMCW signals, each transmitting array element transmits Q pulses in a coherent period,
the q pulse signal transmitted by the mth transmitting array element is:
wherein,as a gating function, fm,qK is the chirp rate for the corresponding signal carrier frequency.
Because the signals are orthogonal, a plurality of jammers capture the signals and generate deception interference, the interference can only exist in one or a plurality of corresponding echo images, and the interference can be filtered through constant false alarm detection; even if the interference exists in the same time with strong power, so that the interference exists in other receiving images, the positions of the interference in different receiving images are different due to different receiving signals, and the clutter can be filtered by using the constant false alarm detection. However, the above method may fail if the jammer detects most of the transmitted signal and successfully replicates and modulates the jammer signal.
2. Coherent accumulation of echo signals: the receiving array element receives signals transmitted by other transmitting array elements, coherent accumulation is carried out after frequency mixing and matching filtering, and the receiving array element receives signals transmitted by the transmitting array element, and images are directly superposed after filtering.
The receiving array element receives signals of other transmitting array elements, because of the spatial distribution of the array elements, the phase compensation is needed to be carried out on the received signals, the time synchronization of the same pulse signal of the same transmitting array element among different array elements is realized, and the echo is multiplied by exp (-pi f)m,qn λ cos θ), coherent accumulation of the echo pulse signals in the transverse direction can be achieved.
In a coherent accumulation period, after phase compensation and transverse accumulation of echo signals, the obtained echo signals form Q (the number of pulses emitted by each array element) groups of images, and each group contains M images. Each image contains target traces, interference exists in images corresponding to signals captured by the interference machine, Q & M images are simply superposed, and Q & M traces exist at target positions in the superposed images.
3. And (3) deception jamming characteristic analysis: the radar tracks an object as a far-field point target and carries a self-defense deception jamming machine. After the radar emission signal irradiates a target, the jammer captures a signal form and drags the distance and the speed. The interference signals are:
J(t)＝AJS(t-τ-ρ(t))exp(j2παt)
after the matched filtering and coherent accumulation in the second step, M images can be obtained, where the images include targets and interferences, and the echo processing flow of the MIMO radar in this case is shown in fig. 2:
m transmitting array elements transmit M signals, and the number of received signals of each receiving unit is M; if M is equal to M, the receiving unit does not receive the interference signal; if M is greater than M, the interference signal exists in the receiving signal of the receiving unit, and at the moment, if M is less than 3M/2, namely the number of the images with the interference is less than half, the interference can be identified through image comparison; if M is more than 3M/2, interference and false alarm are not easy to judge, and a Hough transformation method is adopted for detection and identification.
4. The echo point is projected to a parameter space through Hough transformation to obtain a curve ClAnd (4) carrying out vote accumulation in a corresponding accumulation unit: first figure 3 gives an illustration of the echo via Hough processing.
Each receiving unit carries out coherent accumulation on the received signals to obtain an echo image, the echo image is projected to a parameter space from a Cartesian space through Hough transformation, and a target is identified through the energy accumulation characteristics of the parameter space.
As the radar is tracked to the false target as much as possible by the deceptive jamming, the space positions of the jamming and the real target are generally not too close to each other, the distance of the accumulation units is reasonably set, the same echo point falls into the same accumulation unit, the unit number of the accumulation unit where each echo point is located is sequentially recorded and recorded as a sequence Ll. Voting the curves of the echo points in the parameter space one by one, and recording the accumulated value of each sequence one by one to obtain a new sequence HlThe method comprises the following specific operations:
(1) and (3) parametric space division:
dividing the parameter space rho-theta into accumulation units, rho ═ rho1,ρ2,...,ρn],θ＝[θ1,θ2,...,θn]The center point of each accumulation unit is
(2) Build accumulation Unit accumulators and memory:
establishing an accumulation unit accumulator P (rho, theta), setting each unit as 0, establishing a Memory array Memory (rho, theta), setting a Memory unit pointer as 1: index (ρ, θ) 1;
(3) will echo point { XijMapping the data into parameter space through Hough transformation, namely mapping each echo state dataConverting the space parameter into a parameter space according to the following Hough transformation equation
Defining the corresponding parameter curve as Cl；
(4) Vote accumulation and status data storage:
at curve ClVoting is carried out on the corresponding accumulation units, and the unit numbers of the rho accumulation units are recorded into a sequence LlRecording a sequence LlIs a sequence H of accumulation values per accumulation unitlWhile simultaneously transmitting status dataStoring in a corresponding Memory cell Memory (ρ, θ);
(5) repeating (2) to (4) until the states of all echo points are mapped into the parameter space.
5. And (3) threshold judgment: set threshold Thr1Calculating the number of votesWhen the number exceeds a certain value Q, the corresponding voting unit l is retained.
6. Hough inverse transformation: obtaining an effective parameter curve after the step (5)In the corresponding memory cellTo read out the corresponding status dataAnd finally, mapping the target from the parametric space to the Cartesian space is finished.
Therefore, the MIMO radar target method based on Hough transformation under deception interference is adopted to superpose the echo images, and the echoes of each receiving array element do not need to be calculated one by one, so that the calculated amount is greatly reduced, and the engineering realization is easy. In addition, the invention utilizes the characteristics that the spatial position of the real target in each receiving array element echo signal is the same and the spatial position of the interference in each receiving array element echo signal is uncertain, and combines the characteristic that the same coordinate position point in the Cartesian space falls into the same accumulation unit after Hough transformation, and the real target echo point is obtained through threshold judgment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A MIMO radar target identification method based on Hough transformation under deception jamming is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) MIMO radar emission signal model analysis: in order to enable signals transmitted by each array element to have better orthogonality, the MIMO radar transmits signals by adopting FMCW signals, and each transmitting array element transmits Q pulses in a coherent period;
(2) coherent accumulation of echo signals: the receiving array element receives signals transmitted by other transmitting array elements, coherent accumulation is carried out after frequency mixing and matching filtering, and the receiving array element receives the signals transmitted by the transmitting array element and directly superposes images after filtering;
(3) and (3) deception jamming characteristic analysis: the radar tracking object is a far-field point target and carries a self-defense deception jammer, and after a radar transmitting signal irradiates the target, the jammer captures an interference signal form and drags the distance and the speed; after the matched filtering and the coherent accumulation in the step (2), M images can be obtained, wherein the images contain targets and interference, and the echo processing of the MIMO radar is carried out;
(4) the echo point is projected to a parameter space through Hough transformation to obtain a curve ClVoting accumulation is carried out in corresponding accumulation units;
(5) and (3) threshold judgment: set threshold Thr1Calculating the number of votesWhen the number exceeds a certain value Q, reserving the corresponding voting unit l;
(6) hough inverse transformation: obtaining an effective parameter curve after the step (5)In the corresponding memory cellTo read out the corresponding status dataAnd finally, mapping the target from the parametric space to the Cartesian space is finished.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step (1), the q-th pulse signal transmitted by the m-th transmitting array element is:
。
3. the method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), due to signal orthogonality, when the jammer captures signals and generates deception jamming, the jamming can only exist in one or a plurality of corresponding echo images, and the jamming can be filtered through constant false alarm detection; even if the interference exists in the strong power at the same time, so that the interference exists in other receiving images, because the receiving signals are different, the positions of the interference in different receiving images are different, and the clutter can be filtered by using the constant false alarm detection; however, the method of step (1) is prone to failure when the jammer detects most of the transmitted signal and successfully replicates and modulates the jammer signal.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: in the step (2), the receiving array element receives signals of other transmitting array elements, because of the spatial distribution of the array elements, the phase compensation needs to be carried out on the received signals, the time synchronization of the same pulse signal of the same transmitting array element among different array elements is realized, and the echo is multiplied by exp (-pi f)m,qn lambda cos theta), namely coherent accumulation of the echo pulse signals in the transverse direction can be realized; in a coherent accumulation period, after phase compensation and transverse accumulation of echo signals, the obtained echo signals form Q groups of images, each group contains M images, each image contains a target point trace, interference exists in an image corresponding to a signal captured by an interference machine, the Q & M images are simply superposed, and the number of the target points in the superposed images is Q & M.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), the interference signal form is:
J(t)＝AJS(t-τ-ρ(t))exp(j2παt)
。
6. the method of claim 5, wherein: in the step (3), the echo processing flow of the MIMO radar is as follows:
m transmitting array elements transmit M signals, and the number of received signals of each receiving unit is M; if M is equal to M, the receiving unit does not receive the interference signal; if M is greater than M, the interference signal exists in the receiving signal of the receiving unit, and at the moment, if M is less than 3M/2, namely the number of the images with the interference is less than half, the interference can be identified through image comparison; if M is more than 3M/2, interference and false alarm are not easy to judge, and a Hough transformation method is adopted for detection and identification.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the step (4), each receiving unit performs coherent accumulation on the received signals to obtain an echo image, the echo image is projected to a parameter space from a Cartesian space through Hough transformation, and a target is identified through the energy accumulation characteristics of the parameter space; as the radar is tracked to the false target as much as possible by the deceptive jamming, the space positions of the jamming and the real target are generally not too close to each other, the distance of the accumulation units is reasonably set, the same echo point falls into the same accumulation unit, the unit number of the accumulation unit where each echo point is located is sequentially recorded and recorded as a sequence LlVoting the curves of the echo points in the parameter space one by one, and recording the accumulated value of each sequence one by one to obtain a new sequence Hl。
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the specific operation method of the step (4) is as follows:
(a) and (3) parametric space division:
dividing the parameter space rho-theta into accumulation units, rho ═ rho1,ρ2,...,ρn],θ＝[θ1,θ2,...,θn]The center point of each accumulation unit is:
(b) build accumulation Unit accumulators and memory:
establishing an accumulation unit accumulator P (rho, theta), setting each unit as 0, establishing a Memory array Memory (rho, theta), setting a Memory unit pointer as 1: index (ρ, θ) 1;
(c) will echo point { XijMapping the data into parameter space through Hough transformation, namely mapping each echo state dataAnd (3) converting the space into a parameter space according to the following Hough transformation equation:
defining the corresponding parameter curve as Cl；
(d) Vote accumulation and status data storage:
at curve ClVoting is carried out on the corresponding accumulation units, and the unit numbers of the rho accumulation units are recorded into a sequence LlRecording a sequence LlIs a sequence H of accumulation values per accumulation unitlWhile simultaneously transmitting status dataStoring in a corresponding Memory cell Memory (ρ, θ);
(e) repeating (b) - (d) until the states of all echo points are mapped into the parameter space.
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| CN110501685B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-06-04 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Multiframe phase-coherent accumulation method based on radar signal phase compensation |
| WO2021035463A1 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-04 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Speed measurement method, multiple-input multiple-output radar and mobile platform |
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