CN109580682A - A kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate - Google Patents
A kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109580682A CN109580682A CN201910059462.3A CN201910059462A CN109580682A CN 109580682 A CN109580682 A CN 109580682A CN 201910059462 A CN201910059462 A CN 201910059462A CN 109580682 A CN109580682 A CN 109580682A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of assessment methods of metal powder hollow powder rate, comprising the following steps: (1) prepared by sample: preparing powder metallographic specimen using metallic phase mounting sample method；(2) sample grinding and polishing: sample is successively roughly ground, refines, polish, cleaning operation；(3) powder counts: distinguishing the quantity of metal powder in statistical test sample, hollow powder；(4) hollow powder rate calculates: calculating the ratio of hollow powder quantity and counted powder total quantity.Compared with prior art, the present invention detects hollow powder in metal powder using metallographic method, evaluates, have many advantages, such as that operation is convenient, detection accuracy is high, can be applied to production, the detection field of metal powder material, have a vast market promotional value and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate, it is suitable for powder metallurgy and increasing material manufacturing is led
Domain.
Background technique
The most common preparation method of metal powder is gas atomization, the gas of the metal liquid stream of molten condition in high pressure, high speed
It flows under percussion, crushing forms small molten drop, and subsequent cooled and solidified is at metal powder granulates.In powder by atomization process
In, when atomization gas mechanically enters in drop, quickly gas has little time to be discharged and form hollow powder after solidification, hollow bead
Powder will lead to after powder pressing, increasing material manufacturing processing and occur porosity defects inside drip molding, form formation of crack,
The serious service performance for reducing drip molding, meanwhile, hollow powders can also carry a small amount of oxygen, further deteriorate the performance of drip molding
It is horizontal.
Hollow powder rate is to evaluate one of the key index of metal powder performance, and the quantity and size of hollow powder directly affect it
The service performance of product and service life, so, it is very necessary for carrying out evaluation to the hollow powder rate in metal powder.With regard to current
Powder atomization technology of preparing Current Level, hollow powders not can avoid generation, can only reduce hollow powder by technology controlling and process
Shared ratio, premise need to establish reasonable method and detect to hollow powder in metal powder, could carry out to hollow powder
Effective control.
Metal powder field forms unified hollow powder rate assessment method and standard, industrial production not yet and generally adopts at present
Hollow powder is detected with scanning electron microscopic observation method, industry CT method, wherein scanning electron microscopic observation method is only able to detect open-type
Hollow powder can not detect enclosed type hollow powder, and industry CT method can accurately detect closure hollow powder, but exist and divide
Analyse heavy workload, the higher problem of equipment cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of metal powder for the detection demand of hollow powder rate in metal powder in field of industrial production
The assessment method of last hollow powder rate, method of the invention operate convenient, accuracy with higher.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepared by sample: preparing powder metallographic specimen using metallic phase mounting sample method；
(2) sample grinding and polishing: will inlay sample complete metallographic specimen, grinding and polishing is carried out on abrasive paper for metallograph, according to mesh number from it is small to
Big sequence is successively roughly ground, refines, polishing, finally sample grinding and polishing face is cleaned up and dried；
(3) powder counts: distinguishing the quantity of metal powder in statistical test sample, hollow powder；
(4) hollow powder rate calculates: calculating the ratio of hollow powder quantity and counted powder total quantity.
The metallic phase mounting sample method uses hot insert method or cold edge method.
When using hot insert method, the ratio for being 5:1~8:1 according to volume ratio by hot insert sample powder and Metal Powder Sample, point
Hot insert sample powder, Metal Powder Sample also known as are taken, and the two is uniformly mixed, mixture of powders is then packed into mounting press die cavity
It is interior, carry out edge sample.
When using cold edge method, edge sample material selection epoxy resin, acrylic acid or polyester resin, by edge sample material and metal powder
Last sample is sufficiently mixed according to the ratio of volume ratio 3:1~5:1, and then mixture is poured into mold, stands one section
Time waits for that resin is fully cured, and completes edge sample.
In step (3), hollow powder, and then statistical test sample are observed using optical metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope
The quantity of middle metal powder, hollow powder.
It in step (3), focuses, the parameters such as amplification factor, guarantees that field of view can tell the wheel profile of particle
Shape is captured a photograph and is saved in different zones.
The decision criteria of hollow powder are as follows: occur black dull color part inside metal powder granulates and (be typically round or oval
Shape), determine this particle for hollow powder.
Metal powder and the quantity statistics of hollow powder, which can be used artificial counting method or utilize, has image procossing, analytic function
Software counted.
Powder particle total quantity is counted according to following criterion:
A) all particles with the face Bai Liang are accordingly to be regarded as powder particle in photo, count its quantity；
B) particle of the particle cross section size less than 5 μm is disregarded；
C) it is located at vision periphery and can not shows that the particle of overall picture is disregarded.
The calculating of hollow powder rate: the ratio of hollow powder quantity and counted powder particle total quantity is calculated, percentage is converted into
Than the as hollow powder rate of the powder sample.
The present invention combines traditional metal material microscopic examination technology, and compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes gold
Phase method detects hollow powder in metal powder, is evaluated, and has many advantages, such as that operation is convenient, detection accuracy is high, can be applied to
The production of metal powder material, detection field, have a vast market promotional value and application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the optical microscope of the powder metallographic specimen prepared using hot insert sample method；
Fig. 2 is the optical microscope using the powder metallographic specimen of cold edge sample method preparation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepared by sample: preparing powder metallographic specimen using hot insert sample method.By black bakelite powder and 316L powder (15~
53 μm) it is sufficiently mixed according to the ratio of 7:1, then mixture of powders is packed into mounting press die cavity, continuously adds bakelite powder, most
Edge sample is completed afterwards.
(2) sample grinding and polishing: will inlay sample complete metallographic specimen, grinding and polishing is carried out on abrasive paper for metallograph, according to mesh number from it is small to
Big sequence is successively roughly ground, refines, polishing, finally sample grinding and polishing face is cleaned up and dried.
(3) powder counts: observing powder metallographic specimen using optical metallographic microscope, focuses, the ginseng such as amplification factor
Number, guarantee field of view can tell the chamfered shape of particle, capture a photograph and save in different zones, and Fig. 1 is using heat
The optical microscope for inlaying the powder metallographic specimen of sample method preparation with the particle that frame circle is lived is exactly hollow powder in figure.
Powder particle quantity is counted according to following criterion:
A) all particles with the face Bai Liang are accordingly to be regarded as powder particle in photo, count its quantity；
B) particle of the particle cross section size less than 5 μm is disregarded；
C) it is located at vision periphery and can not shows that the particle of overall picture is disregarded；
D) software for having image procossing, analytic function can be used in the statistics of powder particle.
According to the above decision criteria, the powder particle sum in photo is counted, through counting, the powder particle in photo is total
Number is 1276.
The decision criteria of hollow powder are as follows: the black dull color part occurred inside metal powder granulates (is typically round or oval
Shape), determine that this particle for hollow powder, and counts the quantity of all hollow powders.Hollow powder total number of particles through counting, in photo
It is 4.
(4) calculating of hollow powder rate: the ratio of hollow powder quantity and counted powder total quantity is calculated, percentage is converted into
Than the as hollow powder rate of the powder sample.It is computed, the hollow powder rate of the 316L powder sample is 0.3%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) prepared by sample: preparing powder metallographic specimen using cold edge sample method.By epoxy resin and 18Ni300 alloy powder
(15~53 μm) are sufficiently mixed according to the ratio of 4:1, and mixture is then poured into mold, and it is complete to resin to stand a period of time
Edge sample is completed in solidification.
(2) sample grinding and polishing: will inlay sample complete metallographic specimen, grinding and polishing is carried out on abrasive paper for metallograph, according to mesh number from it is small to
Big sequence is successively roughly ground, refines, polishing, finally sample grinding and polishing face is cleaned up and dried.
(3) powder counts: observing powder metallographic specimen using optical metallographic microscope, focuses, the ginseng such as amplification factor
Number, guarantee field of view can tell the chamfered shape of particle, capture a photograph and save in different zones, and Fig. 2 is using cold
The optical microscope for inlaying the powder metallographic specimen of sample method preparation with the particle that frame circle is lived is exactly hollow powder in figure.
Powder particle quantity is counted according to following criterion:
A) all particles with the face Bai Liang are accordingly to be regarded as powder particle in photo, count its quantity；
B) particle cross section shows that unsharp particle is disregarded；
C) it is located at vision periphery and can not shows that the particle of overall picture is disregarded；
D) software for having image procossing, analytic function can be used in the statistics of powder particle.
According to the above decision criteria, the powder particle sum in photo is counted, through counting, the powder particle in photo is total
Number is 1264.
The decision criteria of hollow powder are as follows: the black dull color part occurred inside metal powder granulates (is typically round or oval
Shape), determine that this particle for hollow powder, and counts the quantity of all hollow powders.Hollow powder total number of particles through counting, in photo
It is 3.
(4) calculating of hollow powder rate: the ratio of hollow powder quantity and counted powder total quantity is calculated, percentage is converted into
Than the as hollow powder rate of the powder sample.It is computed, the hollow powder rate of the 18Ni300 alloy powder sample is 0.2%.
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) prepared by sample: preparing powder metallographic specimen using metallic phase mounting sample method；
(2) sample grinding and polishing: sample is successively roughly ground, refines, polish, cleaning operation；
(3) powder counts: distinguishing the quantity of metal powder in statistical test sample, hollow powder；
(4) hollow powder rate calculates: calculating the ratio of hollow powder quantity and counted powder total quantity.
2. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metallic phase mounting
Sample method uses hot insert method or cold edge method.
3. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 2, which is characterized in that use hot insert method
When, hot insert sample powder and Metal Powder Sample are sufficiently mixed according to the ratio that volume ratio is 5:1~8:1, are then charged into
In mounting press die cavity, edge sample is carried out.
4. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 2, which is characterized in that use cold edge method
When, edge sample material selection epoxy resin, acrylic acid or polyester resin, by edge sample material and Metal Powder Sample according to volume ratio 3:
The ratio of 1~5:1 is sufficiently mixed, and then mixture is poured into mold, is stood and is fully cured for a period of time to resin,
Complete edge sample.
5. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3),
Hollow powder is observed using optical metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope, and then metal powder, hollow powder in statistical test sample
Quantity.
6. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 5, which is characterized in that hollow powder is sentenced
It fixes then are as follows: occur black dull color part inside metal powder granulates, determine this particle for hollow powder.
7. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that metal powder and
The quantity statistics of hollow powder are counted using artificial counting method or using the software for having image procossing, analytic function.
8. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 5, which is characterized in that according to following standard
Then count powder particle total quantity:
A) all particles with the face Bai Liang are accordingly to be regarded as powder particle, count its quantity；
B) particle of the particle cross section size less than 5 μm is disregarded；
C) it is located at vision periphery and can not shows that the particle of overall picture is disregarded.
9. a kind of assessment method of metal powder hollow powder rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that calculate hollow powder
The ratio of quantity and counted powder particle total quantity is converted into percentage, as the hollow powder rate of the powder sample.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113884487A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for detecting hollow powder rate of ultrafine powder for additive manufacturing |
| CN113959800A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-21 | 深圳市深汕特别合作区万泽精密科技有限公司 | Method for evaluating hollow powder rate of high-temperature alloy powder |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108362695A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | The metallographic preparation method of ultra-fine titanium alloy powder and the detection method of hollow powder rate |
| CN108872272A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-11-23 | 无锡市产品质量监督检验院 | A kind of industrial computed tomography scanning detection method based on 3D printing metal powder hollow powder |
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2019
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| CN108362695A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | The metallographic preparation method of ultra-fine titanium alloy powder and the detection method of hollow powder rate |
| CN108872272A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-11-23 | 无锡市产品质量监督检验院 | A kind of industrial computed tomography scanning detection method based on 3D printing metal powder hollow powder |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113884487A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for detecting hollow powder rate of ultrafine powder for additive manufacturing |
| CN113884487B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2024-03-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for detecting superfine powder hollow powder rate for additive manufacturing |
| CN113959800A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-21 | 深圳市深汕特别合作区万泽精密科技有限公司 | Method for evaluating hollow powder rate of high-temperature alloy powder |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |