CN109578256B - Sand-proof oil pump - Google Patents
Sand-proof oil pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN109578256B CN109578256B CN201811545016.5A CN201811545016A CN109578256B CN 109578256 B CN109578256 B CN 109578256B CN 201811545016 A CN201811545016 A CN 201811545016A CN 109578256 B CN109578256 B CN 109578256B
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- sand
- pump
- pump cylinder
- plunger
- short
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 85
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The sand-preventing oil pump consists of plunger assembly and pump cylinder assembly, pull rod connected to the plunger assembly, short plunger and long pump cylinder in the pump cylinder assembly, sand depositing ring slot in the outer surface of the plunger, and sand depositing cylinder in the pump cylinder assembly with elastic limiting claw inside the sand depositing cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special feedback thick oil pump for pumping crude oil in a sand-producing thick oil well of an oil field, which breaks through the structural limitation of a common feedback thick oil pump, can efficiently extract thick oil and has good sand prevention effect.
Background
At present, a plurality of thickened oil well oil layers in domestic oil fields have large sand content, a small amount of sand grains still enter the pump after sand prevention tools such as a lower hanging sand prevention filter screen are adopted in exploitation, and sand blocking and sand burying phenomena are often caused when the sand grains enter the pump when a common feedback thick pumping pump is adopted. Therefore, a thick-oil pump with a sand-proof function is needed, but the conventional sand-proof thick-oil pump still has a lot of defects, the conventional sand-proof thick-oil pump usually improves the structural details of parts on the plunger assembly on the basis of a common feedback thick-oil pump, such as a constant diameter plunger or a sand scraping ring, and the like, has limited sand-proof effect, and particularly cannot prevent sand from being buried when the pump stops pumping.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a sand-proof oil pump, which solves the problem that sand blocks and sand buries are caused by sand grains entering the pump when thick oil is extracted.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sand control oil-well pump, characterized by: the sand storage device consists of a plunger assembly and a pump cylinder assembly, wherein a pull rod is connected with a short plunger, the short plunger is in sliding sealing fit with a long pump cylinder in the pump cylinder assembly, and the outer surface of the short plunger is provided with a sand storage annular groove;
the sand setting cylinder in the pump cylinder assembly is sleeved on the outer wall of the short pump cylinder and forms a sand setting ring, and an elastic limiting claw is arranged in the sand setting cylinder;
the pull rod is provided with a sand blocking ring, the sand blocking ring is arranged between the short pump cylinder and the elastic limiting claw, the sand blocking ring is in sliding connection with the pull rod, the upper side and the lower side of the sand blocking ring are conical surfaces, one surface is provided with a through groove in an outer circle, and the through groove is positioned on one surface contacted with the short pump cylinder.
In the preferred scheme, the elastic limiting claw is used for limiting the sand blocking ring in one way in the sand setting cylinder.
In the preferred scheme, the overflow groove is a rectangular groove, a trapezoid groove or a semicircular groove.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of the overflow launders is 1 or more.
In a preferred scheme, a supporting ring is arranged inside the sand setting forming ring.
In the preferred scheme, a centralizing ring is arranged in the oil inlet outer pipe, and the movable pump cylinder penetrates through the centralizing ring.
In a preferred scheme, the sand storage annular groove on the outer circular surface of the short plunger is 1 or more.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The structure limit of the common feedback thick pumping pump is broken through, the sand prevention structure design is carried out on the upper part and the lower part of the pump, the formation of hydraulic feedback force of the pump during working is not influenced, and compared with the existing sand prevention thick pumping pump, the structure is simpler and more efficient, the reliability is better, and the sand prevention thick pumping pump is more suitable for the exploitation of a sand-out thick oil well.
(2) The sand blocking ring adopts special structural design, can play the effect of blocking sand grains from falling into the pump barrel, can provide a liquid flow channel, can generate downward hydraulic feedback force when the pump descends, overcomes thick oil resistance, and reduces the problem of descending hysteresis of the rod column in the thick oil well.
(3) The oil inlet valve adopts an annular valve design, and because the annular oil inlet valve ball is designed on the movable pump barrel, the diameter of the valve ball is not limited by the diameter of the plunger, and the diameter of the ball valve can be increased, so that a flow passage is increased, the flow resistance of thick oil is reduced, the filling coefficient is increased, the pump efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the oil inlet valve is opened and closed under the action of friction force between the plunger and the movable pump barrel, the opening and the closing are flexible, and the opening and closing hysteresis problem of the oil inlet ball valve of the thick oil well is reduced.
(4) The annular oil inlet valve ball is designed on the movable pump barrel, when the plunger assembly is lifted out of the pump barrel, the inner hole of the movable pump barrel can be used as a liquid flow channel, forward and reverse flushing and sand flushing of the fixed pipe column are realized, and oil can be automatically drained during operation without an oil drainage device.
(5) The upper pump is provided with a sand setting ring and a sand blocking ring, sand blocking and sand burying can be prevented, the lower pump is of a long plunger short pump barrel structure and has a sand prevention function, so that the upper part and the lower part of the pump can be used for preventing sand, and the pump is suitable for exploitation of a sand outlet well.
(6) The plunger is provided with a sand storage annular groove, a small amount of fine sand entering a fit clearance between the pump cylinder and the plunger can be flushed and extruded into the annular groove, sand retention on the fit surfaces of the pump cylinder and the plunger is avoided, and the plunger and the pump cylinder are damaged by pulling, so that sand is blocked.
(7) The lower small pump is a movable pump cylinder, and does not bear load, and the tail pipe load is fully applied to the coupling outside the movable pump cylinder, so that the pump has stronger bearing capacity.
The invention provides a sand-proof oil pump, wherein the upper half part of the pump mainly comprises a short pump cylinder, a long pump cylinder, a short plunger, a limit claw, a sand blocking ring, a sand setting pipe, an upper oil outlet valve, a lower oil outlet valve and the like, and is of a sand-proof structure with a sand setting annulus and a sand blocking ring; the lower half part of the pump mainly comprises a long plunger, a movable pump barrel, an annular oil inlet valve ball, an oil inlet valve seat and the like, and is a sand prevention structure of the movable short pump barrel of the long plunger.
In the up-and-down motion process of the plunger, the short plunger structure of the long plunger at the upper part of the pump plays a role in sand prevention through the sand blocking ring, and the short plunger structure of the long plunger with the sand prevention function is adopted at the lower part of the pump; meanwhile, the sand blocking ring of the pump adopts a special structural design, has a sand blocking function and an overcurrent function, and can generate downward hydraulic feedback force when the pump descends, so that the thickened oil resistance is overcome; the oil inlet valve is designed on the movable pump barrel, the flow passage is large, and the oil flow resistance is small. The pump has the characteristics of high pump efficiency, good sand prevention effect, strong bearing capacity, realization of forward and reverse flushing of the fixed tubular column, sand flushing and suitability for exploitation of sand-yielding thickened oil wells.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the short plug structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the sand blocking ring of the present invention;
In the figure: a joint 1; a sand blocking ring 2; a pull rod 3; an upper oil outlet valve 4; a short plunger 5; a lower oil outlet valve 6; a long plunger 7; an annular oil inlet valve ball 8; a movable pump cylinder 9; an upper coupling 10; an elastic limit claw 11; a sand setting drum 12; a support ring 13; a short pump cylinder 14; pump barrel coupling 15; a long pump cylinder 16; a stabbing coupling 17; an oil inlet valve seat 18; a righting ring 19; lower collar 20; a sand storage annular groove 21; a flow-through groove 22; a reverse surface 23; a front face 24; and an oil feed outer pipe 25.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in figures 1-3, the sand-proof oil-well pump consists of a plunger assembly and a pump cylinder assembly, wherein the pump cylinder assembly consists of a sand setting cylinder 12, a short pump cylinder 14, a long pump cylinder 16 and an oil inlet outer pipe 25, an elastic limit claw 11 is arranged in the sand setting cylinder 12, the sand setting cylinder 12 is sleeved on the outer wall of the short pump cylinder 14 to form a sand setting ring, the short pump cylinder 14 is communicated with one end of the long pump cylinder 16 below, the other end of the long pump cylinder 16 is communicated with the oil inlet outer pipe 25, the plunger assembly is arranged in the pump cylinder, the middle part of the plunger assembly is provided with a short plunger 5, the short plunger 5 is arranged in the long pump cylinder 16, the outer surface of the short plunger 5 is provided with a sand storage annular groove 21, two ends of the short plunger 5 are provided with an upper oil outlet valve 4 and a lower oil outlet valve 6, the upper part of the upper oil outlet valve 4 is connected with the pull rod 3, the pull rod 3 is provided with a sand blocking ring 2, the sand blocking ring 2 is arranged between a short pump cylinder 14 and a sand setting cylinder 12, the lower part of the lower oil outlet valve 6 is connected with a long plunger 7, the long plunger 7 is arranged in an oil inlet outer pipe 25, a movable pump cylinder 9 is arranged in the oil inlet outer pipe 25, the movable pump cylinder 9 is sleeved on the long plunger 7, the upper end of the movable pump cylinder 9 is provided with an annular oil inlet valve ball 8, the structure is characterized in that a sand storage annular groove is designed on the short plunger 5, a small amount of fine sand entering a matching gap between the pump cylinder and the plunger can be flushed and extruded into the annular groove, sand is prevented from being detained on the contact surface of the pump cylinder and the short plunger 5, and the sand is blocked by the structure is shown in the schematic diagram 2; the sand blocking ring 2 can relatively slide on the pull rod 3, a sand settling ring is formed between the short pump cylinder 14 and the sand settling cylinder 12, sand grains in the oil pipe cannot fall into the pump cylinder and slide down to be deposited in the sand settling ring under the action of the sand blocking ring 2, and when the pumping is stopped, the sand blocking ring 2 is always pressed on the upper end face of the short pump cylinder 14, and the deposited sand grains cannot enter the pump cylinder, so that sand burying can be prevented; the lower oil inlet valve is of an annular valve structure, an annular oil inlet valve ball 8 is fixed on a movable pump barrel 9 and is seated on an oil inlet valve seat 18, and the movable pump barrel 9 reciprocates up and down for a short distance under the friction force of a long plunger 7 and the action of oil pressure, so that the oil inlet valve is opened and closed.
The sand blocking ring 2 is always limited in the area between the lower end of the claw head of the elastic limiting claw 11 and the upper end face of the short pump barrel 14, so that the sand blocking ring 2 can relatively slide on the pull rod 3, the sand blocking ring 2 can enter the lower part of the elastic limiting claw 11 through the elastic claw head of the elastic limiting claw 11 under a pull rod joint in the process of descending the plunger assembly, and the sand blocking ring 2 is always limited in the area between the lower end face of the elastic claw head of the limiting claw 11 and the upper end face of the short pump barrel 14 when the pull rod 3 moves up and down.
In the preferred scheme, both sides of the sand blocking ring 2 are conical surfaces, one surface is externally provided with a through groove 22, the structure is shown in a structural schematic diagram 3, the two sides of the sand blocking ring 2 are designed to be the front side and the back side with different structures, the back side 23 is designed to be the conical surface provided with a plurality of through grooves 22, the conical surface is downwards matched with the upper end surface of the short pump cylinder 14, when the sand blocking ring falls on the upper end surface of the short pump cylinder 14, oil in the pump cylinder can still be communicated with oil in an oil pipe, so that a downward feedback force can be generated when a plunger descends, the front side 24 is designed to be a slotless conical surface, in the normal operation process, sand grains in the oil pipe can slide into the sand settling ring along the conical surface when falling on the front side of the sand blocking ring, and when a pole is not lifted, the sand blocking ring can be tightly seated on the upper end surface of the short pump cylinder 14, sand blocking is prevented from entering the pump cylinder, and sand blocking and sand burying are caused.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow-through groove 22 is a rectangular groove, a trapezoid groove or a semicircular groove, so that the structure can adopt various preferred embodiments according to different use conditions.
In the preferred embodiment, the number of the overflow grooves 22 is 1 or more, and thus, the structure may adopt various preferred embodiments according to the use region.
In the preferred scheme, the sand blocking ring 2 is provided with one surface with the overflow groove 22 which is downwards matched with the upper end face of the short pump cylinder 14, so that the oil in the pump cylinder can still be communicated with the oil in the oil pipe, and the downward feedback force can be generated when the plunger descends.
In the preferred scheme, an annular oil inlet valve ball 8 is fixed on a movable pump cylinder 9 and is seated on an oil inlet valve seat 18, the oil inlet valve seat 18 is arranged in an oil inlet outer pipe 25, and in this structure, a lower oil inlet valve is of an annular valve structure, the annular oil inlet valve ball 8 is fixed on the movable pump cylinder 9 and is seated on the oil inlet valve seat 18, and the movable pump cylinder 9 performs short-distance up-and-down reciprocating motion under the friction force of a long plunger 7 and the oil pressure, so that the oil inlet valve is opened and closed; because the oil inlet valve is arranged on the pump cylinder, the diameter of the valve ball is not limited by the diameter of the plunger, and the diameter of the ball valve can be increased, so that the flow passage is increased, and the flow resistance of thick oil is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, the centering ring 19 is arranged inside the oil inlet outer pipe 25, and the movable pump cylinder 9 passes through the centering ring 21, so that the centering ring 19 can guide the movement position of the movable pump cylinder 9.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of the sand storage annular grooves 21 on the outer circumferential surface of the short plunger 5 is 1 or more, and thus, the structure can adopt various preferred embodiments according to different use conditions.
Example 2
Further describing example 1, as shown in fig. 1-3, during the well running operation, the upper end of the pump cylinder assembly is connected with the oil pipe, the lower end is connected with the tail pipe, the pump cylinder assembly is put into the designed position in the oil well along with the oil pipe column, and then the upper end of the plunger assembly is connected with the sucker rod, and the plunger assembly and the sucker rod column are put into the oil pipe together.
During pumping operation, the plunger assembly reciprocates up and down in the pump cylinder assembly under the drive of the sucker rod.
During the upward stroke, the plunger assembly moves upward, the upper oil outlet valve and the lower oil outlet valve are closed, the volume of the annular pump cavity of the upper pump is increased, the pressure is reduced, the oil inlet valve is opened under the action of the sinking pressure and the friction force between the plunger and the pump cylinder, and crude oil enters the annular pump cavity.
During the downstroke, the plunger assembly descends, the volume of the annular pump cavity is reduced, the pressure is increased, and the oil inlet valve is closed under the action of self gravity, friction force between the long plunger and the short pump cylinder and oil pressure difference. Simultaneously, under the action of the oil pressure of the annular pump cavity, the upper oil outlet valve and the lower oil outlet valve are opened, the oil pipe cavity is communicated with the pump cavity, a hydraulic feedback force for helping the plunger assembly to move downwards is generated, crude oil in the annular pump cavity is extruded, and the crude oil enters an oil pipe at the upper part of the short plunger 5 through the upper oil outlet valve and the lower oil outlet valve 4/6.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims, including the equivalents of the technical features in the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A sand control oil-well pump, characterized by: the sand storage device consists of a plunger assembly and a pump cylinder assembly, wherein a pull rod (3) is connected with a short plunger (5), the short plunger (5) is in sliding sealing fit with a long pump cylinder (16) in the pump cylinder assembly, and the outer surface of the short plunger (5) is provided with a sand storage annular groove (21);
The sand setting cylinder (12) in the pump cylinder assembly is sleeved on the outer wall of the short pump cylinder (14) to form a sand setting ring, and an elastic limit claw (11) is arranged in the sand setting cylinder (12);
The pull rod (3) is provided with a sand blocking ring (2), the sand blocking ring (2) is arranged between the short pump cylinder (14) and the elastic limiting claw (11), the sand blocking ring (2) is in sliding connection with the pull rod (3), the upper side and the lower side of the sand blocking ring (2) are conical surfaces, one surface is externally encircled with a through groove (22), and the through groove (22) is positioned on one surface contacted with the short pump cylinder (14);
the elastic limiting claw (11) is used for limiting the sand blocking ring (2) in one direction in the sand setting barrel (12);
the flow trough (22) is a rectangular trough, a trapezoid trough or a semicircular trough;
the number of the through-flow grooves (22) is 1 or more;
a supporting ring (13) is arranged inside the sand setting ring;
a centralizing ring (19) is arranged in the oil inlet outer pipe (25), and the movable pump cylinder (9) passes through the centralizing ring (19);
the number of the sand storage annular grooves (21) on the outer circumferential surface of the short plunger (5) is 1 or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811545016.5A CN109578256B (en) | 2018-12-17 | Sand-proof oil pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811545016.5A CN109578256B (en) | 2018-12-17 | Sand-proof oil pump |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109578256A CN109578256A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
| CN109578256B true CN109578256B (en) | 2024-06-28 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2324316Y (en) * | 1997-11-22 | 1999-06-16 | 胜利石油管理局采油工艺研究院 | Sand-scraping plunger type sand-proof oil-well pump |
| CN2417302Y (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-01-31 | 辽河石油勘探局曙光工程技术处 | Oil pump able to pump oil together with mud |
| CN103174630A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-06-26 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | Horizontal sand prevention vicious pump |
| CN209430383U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-09-24 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | Sand-proof oil-well pump |
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2324316Y (en) * | 1997-11-22 | 1999-06-16 | 胜利石油管理局采油工艺研究院 | Sand-scraping plunger type sand-proof oil-well pump |
| CN2417302Y (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-01-31 | 辽河石油勘探局曙光工程技术处 | Oil pump able to pump oil together with mud |
| CN103174630A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-06-26 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | Horizontal sand prevention vicious pump |
| CN209430383U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-09-24 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | Sand-proof oil-well pump |
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