CN109577126B - Heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed and frost heaving prevention method of roadbed - Google Patents
Heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed and frost heaving prevention method of roadbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN109577126B CN109577126B CN201910058378.XA CN201910058378A CN109577126B CN 109577126 B CN109577126 B CN 109577126B CN 201910058378 A CN201910058378 A CN 201910058378A CN 109577126 B CN109577126 B CN 109577126B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
- E01C11/26—Permanently installed heating or blowing devices ; Mounting thereof
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of roadbed engineering construction and maintenance, and provides a heat pipe type solar thermal device for roadbed frost heaving, which comprises a photo-thermal conversion pipe, wherein a photo-transmission pipe is sleeved outside the photo-thermal conversion pipe, a vacuum cavity is arranged between the photo-thermal conversion pipe and the photo-transmission pipe, two ends of the photo-thermal conversion pipe are respectively connected with a first joint and a second joint, and an end cover is arranged on the first joint to enable one end of the photo-thermal conversion pipe to form a seal; one end of the radiating pipe is connected with the second joint and is communicated with the photo-thermal conversion pipe, the other end of the radiating pipe is provided with a conical guide cap, and the inside of the photo-thermal conversion pipe and the inside of the radiating pipe are filled with a first heat transfer medium; the first tube shell is located the inside of light and heat conversion pipe, and the second tube shell passes through the inside of support fixed at the cooling tube, and the one end of first tube shell and the one end of second tube shell are passed through sealing member and are connected, and first tube shell and the inside switch on of second tube shell, and first tube shell and the inside second tube shell are filled with second heat transfer medium, solve the problem that the road bed prevents frostbite and expands the measure effect nonideal with.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of roadbed engineering construction and maintenance, and particularly relates to a heat pipe type solar thermal device for roadbed frost heaving and a roadbed frost heaving prevention method.
Background
An important characteristic of the earth surface soil body in the seasonal frozen soil area is the phenomenon of winter freezing and spring thawing caused by seasonal positive and negative alternation of temperature. The winter freezing and spring thawing phenomenon of the soil body is a solid-liquid phase transformation process of water in the soil body, and the volume of water with the same mass in a solid phase is 9% greater than that in a liquid phase due to the different densities of the water in the solid phase and the liquid phase, so that the soil body expands in a negative temperature state. Therefore, in some areas with more precipitation, abundant groundwater, dense soil and large seasonal temperature difference, the phenomena of frost heaving, swelling, thawing and subsidence of the earth surface can also occur along with the seasonal change of the soil temperature within a certain depth range of the earth surface. When engineering construction is carried out in the above-mentioned area, due to the natural property of frost heaving and thawing sinking of the foundation, the upper building or structure can generate deformation stability problem and even damage phenomenon. Moreover, in the case of buildings and building bodies, due to the durability, porosity and water storage of the building materials, various freezing injury can be caused in the process of positive and negative temperature change under the influence of natural environment.
Road engineering is one of the important markers of infrastructure perfection. Among them, roadbeds, bridges and tunnels are three major components of road engineering. In a seasonal frozen soil area, compared with bridges and tunnels, the roadbed has some unique specificities, firstly, the roadbed is directly filled on the ground surface, and compared with bridges, the roadbed is more easily affected by severe stratum conditions, including factors such as groundwater, foundation bearing capacity and the like; secondly, the roadbed is directly exposed in the natural environment, and is more easily affected by severe natural environment conditions compared with a tunnel, wherein the factors comprise atmospheric precipitation, atmospheric temperature, solar radiation and the like; thirdly, the roadbed body is a discrete material filled by a graded soil body, and the phenomena of water and temperature fluctuation, material deformation and damage are easier to occur due to the porosity, the multiphase property and the natural variability of the soil. In general, cold zone roadbed engineering is generally faced with the threat of frost heaving due to the particularity of the roadbed body and environmental conditions.
Due to the importance of road engineering traffic conditions, the smoothness requirement of the roadbed is high, and the problem of frost heaving deformation of the roadbed in a cold region is very important. Correspondingly, aiming at the frost heaving disease of the roadbed in the cold region, various frost heaving prevention measures are researched and adopted in the roadbed construction and tube culture fields, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The foundation treatment and the filling material soil quality improvement comprise foundation replacement, filling material improvement soil and the like.
(2) The filler and the foundation water are controlled, and the water-proof, drainage and water-proof structure is specifically provided.
(3) The packing and foundation temperature control is specifically provided with heat insulation material structures such as heat insulation interlayer, heat insulation slope protection and the like.
The measures are mainly implemented in the construction stage, and the main purposes are to prevent the occurrence of frost heaving and reduce the frost heaving deformation. The limitation is that on one hand, the occurrence of frost heaving phenomenon cannot be strictly controlled; on the other hand, when the road base has the frost heaving phenomenon, emergency rescue measures for rapidly eliminating the frost heaving are lacking.
For the ballastless track of the high-speed railway, because the integral foundation such as concrete, asphalt mixture and the like is adopted to replace the coarse-grained broken stone ballast bed in the ballasted track, the ballastless track has good long-term stability, but the capability of adapting to the settlement deformation of the lower structure is greatly reduced, and the maintenance difficulty is high. Especially when the ballastless track is frozen and swelled, the frozen and swelled deformation of the roadbed can not be balanced by adjusting the height of the ballast bed like the ballasted track due to good integrity, so that a more effective and convenient frozen and swelled prevention measure is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of a roadbed, so as to solve the problem that the effect of the frost heaving prevention measure of the roadbed is not ideal in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of a roadbed, which comprises a solar vacuum heat collection component for converting solar energy into heat energy, a heat dissipation component for transferring heat, and a liquid core type heat pipe component for promoting heat transfer from the solar vacuum heat collection component to the heat dissipation component;
the solar vacuum heat collection assembly comprises a photo-thermal conversion tube, wherein a photo-thermal transmission tube is sleeved outside the photo-thermal conversion tube, the axis of the photo-thermal conversion tube is coincident with the axis of the photo-thermal transmission tube, a vacuum cavity is arranged between the photo-thermal conversion tube and the photo-transmission tube, the photo-thermal conversion tube is in sealing connection with the two ends of the photo-transmission tube, the two ends of the photo-thermal conversion tube are respectively connected with a first joint and a second joint, and an end cover is arranged on the first joint to enable one end of the photo-thermal conversion tube to form sealing;
the heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation pipe, one end of the heat dissipation pipe is connected with the second joint and is communicated with the photo-thermal conversion pipe, a conical guide cap is arranged at the other end of the heat dissipation pipe, a first heat transfer medium is filled in the photo-thermal conversion pipe and the heat dissipation pipe, and heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outer wall of the heat dissipation pipe;
the liquid core type heat pipe assembly comprises a first pipe shell and a second pipe shell, wherein the first pipe shell is positioned in the photo-thermal conversion pipe, the second pipe shell is fixed in the radiating pipe through a support, one end of the first pipe shell is connected with one end of the second pipe shell through a sealing piece, the first pipe shell is communicated with the inside of the second pipe shell, the other end of the first pipe shell is sealed, the other end of the second pipe shell is sealed, and a second heat transfer medium is filled in the first pipe shell and the inside of the second pipe shell.
Further, the inner wall of the first tube shell and the inner wall of the second tube shell are provided with liquid absorbing cores.
Further, the liquid suction core is tightly attached to the inner wall of the first tube shell and the inner wall of the second tube shell through steel wire meshes.
Further, the photothermal conversion tube is a metal tube with an outer wall plated with a solar selective absorption film.
Further, the light transmission tube is a glass tube with an anti-reflection film coated on the outer wall.
Further, the first joint and the second joint are both deformation compensators, the deformation compensators comprise an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which can move relatively in the axial direction, the inner sleeve is connected with the light-heat conversion tube, and the outer sleeve is connected with the light transmission tube.
Further, the internal conduction space of the first tube shell and the second tube shell is a negative pressure environment.
Further, an evapotranspiration type getter is arranged in the vacuum cavity.
Further, one end of the radiating pipe is connected with the second joint through a different-diameter threaded connector, the different-diameter threaded connector is provided with two threaded pipelines with different inner diameters, one end of the radiating pipe is connected with one threaded pipeline of the different-diameter threaded connector, and the second joint is connected with the other threaded pipeline of the different-diameter threaded connector.
The second embodiment of the invention provides a roadbed frost heaving prevention method, which comprises the following steps:
determining the maximum freezing depth of a roadbed with frost heaving diseases in a seasonal frozen soil area;
calculating heat supply quantity and heat load required by the frost heaving roadbed;
determining a heating capacity of a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at roadbed frost heaving;
determining the geometric pattern and layout scheme of the heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at roadbed frost heaving;
manufacturing a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at roadbed frost heaving;
drilling the roadbed, and installing a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at frost heaving of the roadbed.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in:
(1) Compared with the existing measures of roadbed filling soil quality improvement, moisture control, passive heat preservation and the like, the device can start from the angle of roadbed temperature and can more positively regulate and control the temperature change of the roadbed. In particular, heat can be collected, converted and transferred all the year round at any time under the condition of solar radiation, and compared with the heat balance state of the roadbed under the natural condition, the heat input quantity of the roadbed can be actively improved, so that the average annual temperature level of the roadbed is improved. On the one hand, the heat input is greatly increased by utilizing the condition of high radiation quantity in summer, so that the temperature level of the roadbed when the roadbed enters winter is improved, and the frost heaving resistance is improved. On the other hand, under the condition of good solar radiation condition in winter, heat can be input in real time to compensate excessive heat loss of the roadbed, so that the roadbed temperature is comprehensively maintained above the freezing point temperature, and the frost heaving phenomenon can be eliminated. Compared with the existing frost heaving prevention measures, the device can further prevent and treat the frost heaving.
(2) The frost heaving prevention effect source of the device is solar energy, and the solar energy is renewable heat energy which is most widely distributed and has the most abundant reserves. Roadbeds with frost heaving diseases are generally located in areas with high latitude and high altitude in the north, and the areas are just areas with rich solar energy distribution, so that the solar energy has resource conditions on regional distribution towards the roadbed frost heaving problem. Meanwhile, the roadbed engineering is generally located at a position with relatively flat topography, and the solar irradiation condition is good, so that the roadbed engineering is convenient to take.
(3) The device can autonomously realize a series of working procedures such as photo-thermal conversion of solar radiation energy, heat storage, roadbed heat supply and the like, and is a self-integrated and self-driven complete heat supply device. In particular, the device has high practicality and low manual control requirement, can be unattended for a long time, and is suitable for being applied to long-distance roadbed engineering with severe environment and inconvenient manual unattended operation.
(4) On one hand, the device has compact structure, high overall strength and good stability, and is suitable for roadbed vibration working conditions. On the other hand, the functional parts are vertical columns, and design schemes such as layout positions, intervals, angles and geometric dimensions can be flexibly adjusted. In particular, the point layout scheme which is convenient to be continuously distributed in long distance is suitable for being applied to the characteristics of roadbed dispersion and frost heaving distribution in large depth.
(5) The liquid core type heat pipe component adopted by the device is internally filled with the second heat transfer medium with a gas-liquid two-phase circulation function, and the solar heat energy collected by the solar vacuum heat collection component can be efficiently and rapidly transferred to the roadbed heat dissipation component by combining the first heat transfer medium with static heat conduction. The device has the advantages of high starting speed of heat supply function, fixed heat supply starting temperature and unidirectional heat transfer performance, and better heat supply function and frost heaving prevention effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of a roadbed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of cross section A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cross section B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cross-section C-C of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for preventing frost heaving of a roadbed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an end cap; 2. a first joint; 3. an evaporable getter; 4. a vacuum tail nozzle; 5. a light transmission tube; 6. a vacuum chamber; 7. a photothermal conversion tube; 8. a first cartridge; 9. a reducing threaded connector; 10. a heat radiation fin; 11. a heat radiating pipe; 12. a bracket; 13. a conical guide cap; 14. a second cartridge; 15. a second joint; 16. an antireflection film; 17. a selective absorption membrane; 18. a first heat transfer medium; 19. a second heat transfer medium; 20. a steel wire mesh; 21. a wick.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In order to illustrate the technical scheme of the invention, the following description is made by specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of a roadbed comprises a solar vacuum heat collection component for converting solar energy into heat energy, a heat dissipation component for transferring heat and a liquid core type heat pipe component for promoting the heat transfer from the solar vacuum heat collection component to the heat dissipation component; the solar vacuum heat collection assembly comprises a photo-thermal conversion tube 7, wherein a photo-thermal transmission tube 5 is sleeved outside the photo-thermal conversion tube 7, the axis of the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 is coincident with the axis of the photo-thermal transmission tube 5, a vacuum cavity 6 is arranged between the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 and the photo-thermal transmission tube 5, the two ends of the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 and the two ends of the photo-thermal transmission tube 5 are connected in a sealing way, the two ends of the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 are respectively connected with a first joint 2 and a second joint 15, and an end cover 1 is arranged on the first joint 2 so that one end of the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 forms a sealing way; the heat radiation component comprises a heat radiation pipe 11, one end of the heat radiation pipe 11 is connected with a second joint 15 to be communicated with the photo-thermal conversion pipe 7, the other end of the heat radiation pipe 11 is provided with a conical guide cap 13, the inside of the photo-thermal conversion pipe 7 and the inside of the heat radiation pipe 11 are filled with a first heat transfer medium 18, and the outer wall of the heat radiation pipe 11 is provided with heat radiation fins 10; the liquid core type heat pipe assembly comprises a first pipe shell 8 and a second pipe shell 14, wherein the first pipe shell 8 is positioned in the photo-thermal conversion pipe 7, the second pipe shell 14 is fixed in the radiating pipe 11 through a support 12, one end of the first pipe shell 8 is connected with one end of the second pipe shell 14 through a sealing piece, the first pipe shell 8 is communicated with the second pipe shell 14, the other end of the first pipe shell 8 is sealed, the other end of the second pipe shell 14 is sealed, and a second heat transfer medium 19 is filled in the first pipe shell 8 and the second pipe shell 14.
When the solar vacuum heat collection device is used, the heat dissipation component is inserted into the ground of a preset point, the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 in the solar vacuum heat collection component generates heat by utilizing solar energy, the heat is transferred to the heat dissipation component through the first heat transfer medium 18, and the heat dissipation component dissipates the heat to a soil body to heat the soil body around the device. At the same time, the photothermal conversion tube 7 generates heat, the heat is transferred to the first tube shell 8 through the first heat transfer medium 18, then the heat is transferred to the second tube shell 14 through the second heat transfer medium 19, and the second tube shell 14 is transferred to the heat dissipation assembly through the first heat transfer medium 18, so that the soil body around the device is heated.
In one embodiment of the invention, the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 is a metal tube with the outer wall coated with the selective absorption film 17, the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 can absorb solar energy to generate heat, and the selective absorption film 17 coated on the outer wall of the metal tube can enhance the capability of absorbing solar energy and improve the heat generating efficiency.
In one embodiment of the invention, the light transmission tube 5 is a glass tube with an anti-reflection film 16 coated on the outer wall, the glass tube is made of borosilicate glass, and the anti-reflection film 16 increases transmission light through the interference principle of light and increases solar radiation energy collection capacity of the photo-thermal conversion tube 7.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first joint 2 and the second joint 15 are both deformation compensators, the deformation compensators comprise an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which can move relatively in the axial direction, the inner sleeve is connected with the photo-thermal converting tube 7, and the outer sleeve is connected with the light transmitting tube 5. The light-heat conversion tube 7 is made of metal, the light transmission tube 5 is made of glass, and the temperature expansion coefficient of the metal is larger than that of the glass; meanwhile, the operation temperature of the light-heat converting tube 7 is higher than that of the light transmitting tube 5, so that the thermal expansion deformation of the light-heat converting tube 7 is larger than that of the light transmitting tube 5. In order to ensure that the two components work cooperatively and are not deformed and destroyed due to mutual influence, a sleeve type deformation compensator is adopted for sealing connection so as to ensure that medium in the solar vacuum heat collection component is not leaked.
The inner sleeve of the sleeve type deformation compensator adopts a self-pressing sealing structure, can freely slide in the light transmission tube 5 along with the expansion and contraction of the light-heat conversion tube 7, and always keeps the space between the light-heat conversion tube 7 and the light transmission tube 5 in a sealing state.
The sealed space between the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 and the light transmission tube 5 is a vacuum cavity 6 with high vacuum degree, which is used for reducing the heat loss generated by the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 to the surrounding environment, thereby improving the heat collection efficiency of the solar vacuum heat collection assembly.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal conducting space of the first envelope 8 and the second envelope 14 is a negative pressure environment with a certain fixed vacuum. The second heat transfer medium 19 is gasified only when the heat collection temperature of the solar vacuum heat collection assembly reaches a certain fixed value or more, so that gas-liquid two-phase circulation heat transfer is further carried out, the unidirectional heat transfer direction of the solar vacuum heat collection assembly to the roadbed heat dissipation assembly is ensured, and the adverse phenomenon of roadbed heat loss caused by reverse heat flow is prevented.
In one embodiment of the invention, the light transmission tube 5 is provided with a vacuum tail nozzle 4 for sealing after the vacuum cavity 6 is sucked to the designed vacuum degree. The vacuum chamber 6 is provided with an evaporable getter 3, for example, the evaporable getter 3 is attached to a wall surface of a sleeve-type deformation compensator, and the evaporable getter 3 is used for absorbing trace gas released from the vacuum chamber 6 so as to maintain the vacuum degree.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first connector 2 is provided with an end cap 1 to form a seal with one end of the photothermal conversion tube 7, the end cap 1 is an internally threaded end cap made of stainless steel or brass material, and is used for opening and sealing the internal space of the photothermal conversion tube 7.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the conical guide cap 13 is a conical solid metal body, and is made of carbon steel, so that the present invention has the advantages of high strength and high rigidity. The heat radiating fin 10 is a circular metal plate and is made of aluminum material.
In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the radiating pipe 11 is connected to the second joint 15 through the different-diameter type threaded connector 9, the different-diameter type threaded connector 9 is provided with two threaded pipes with different inner diameters, one end of the radiating pipe 11 is connected to one threaded pipe of the different-diameter type threaded connector 9, and the second joint 15 is connected to the other threaded pipe of the different-diameter type threaded connector 9. Thereby connecting the inner spaces of the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 and the radiating tube 11 as a single communicating body. The reducing threaded connector 9 is made of alloy steel, and has the advantages of high strength and good ductility.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first heat transfer medium 18 may be a thermal oil.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first tube shell 8 and the second tube shell 14 are metal round tubes with a certain diameter and length, and are made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel. The second heat transfer medium 19 is a low boiling point, volatile chemical liquid. The sealing element is used for separating the cold and hot air flows of the first tube shell 8 and the second tube shell 14, so that the efficient transfer of heat is ensured.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inner wall of the first tube shell 8 and the inner wall of the second tube shell 14 are provided with a liquid suction core 21, and the liquid suction core 21 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the first tube shell 8 and the inner wall of the second tube shell 14 through a steel wire mesh 20.
The wick 21 is a capillary porous material that functions to transport the liquid second heat transfer medium 19 in the second shell 14 back into the first shell 8 by capillary force.
The bracket 12 is used for firmly fixing the liquid core type heat pipe assembly in the communication space inside the photo-thermal conversion tube 7 and the radiating tube 11, and immersing in the high temperature heat conduction oil to transfer heat.
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing frost heaving of a roadbed, including:
step S501, determining the maximum freezing depth of the roadbed with frost heaving diseases in the seasonal frozen soil area.
And arranging a temperature monitoring hole and a deformation monitoring hole at the frost heaving disease position, determining the movement rule of the freezing front in the roadbed through long-term monitoring data, and determining the maximum depth of the freezing front, namely the maximum development depth of the frost heaving disease.
Step S502, calculating heat supply quantity and heat load required by the frost heaving prevention roadbed.
The method comprises the steps of firstly measuring the volumetric heat capacity of the frost heaving stratum filler and the freezing point temperature of water in the soil, then calculating the heat supply quantity required by the roadbed during frost heaving when the actual temperature rises to be higher than the freezing point temperature based on the heat storage theory according to the lowest temperature when the frost heaving occurs, and further calculating the heat load of the frost heaving stratum in the length per linear meter during the frost heaving.
Step S503, determining a heating capacity of the heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of the roadbed.
And comprehensively determining the maximum and average heat supply temperature of the heat pipe type solar heat device and the corresponding effective heat supply radius according to the seasonal change rule of the regional solar energy flow density and the solar photo-thermal conversion efficiency.
Step S504, determining a geometric pattern and a layout scheme of the heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of the roadbed.
According to the roadbed heat load level and the effective heat supply radius of the heat pipe type solar thermal device, the arrangement position of the heat pipe type solar thermal device on the cross section of the roadbed is determined, wherein the arrangement position comprises a roadbed shoulder, a roadbed slope middle part or a roadbed slope foot part and arrangement intervals in the longitudinal direction of the roadbed, and the value range of the arrangement intervals is 2.0-4.0 m. And determining the heat supply quantity required by the device according to the roadbed heat load level and the device layout interval, and determining the geometric dimension of the device according to the heat supply quantity, wherein the geometric dimension comprises the pipe diameter and the length of the photo-thermal conversion pipe, namely the heat collection area, and the pipe diameter and the length of the radiating pipe, namely the heat dissipation area, and the value range of the pipe diameter is 110-150 mm. At the same time, the device geometry and layout pitch are coordinated so that the geometry of both is not too large.
Step S505, a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at roadbed frost heaving is manufactured.
Step S506, drilling holes on the roadbed, and installing a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at frost heaving of the roadbed.
Constructing in the frost heaving section by adopting a drilling machine, drilling holes with designed gradient and length, wherein the inclination of the drilling holes is less than 0.5%, and controlling and detecting the drilling quality by adopting a gyroscopic inclinometer at any time in the drilling process; hoisting the device into a pre-drilled hole by adopting a crane, and backfilling and compacting a gap between the device and the hole by adopting a high heat conduction material; after the device is installed and checked on site, the device is put into operation.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) Compared with the existing measures of roadbed filling soil quality improvement, moisture control, passive heat preservation and the like, the device can start from the angle of roadbed temperature and can more positively regulate and control the temperature change of the roadbed. In particular, heat can be collected, converted and transferred all the year round at any time under the condition of solar radiation, and compared with the heat balance state of the roadbed under the natural condition, the heat input quantity of the roadbed can be actively improved, so that the average annual temperature level of the roadbed is improved. On the one hand, the heat input is greatly increased by utilizing the condition of high radiation quantity in summer, so that the temperature level of the roadbed when the roadbed enters winter is improved, and the frost heaving resistance is improved. On the other hand, under the condition of good solar radiation condition in winter, heat can be input in real time to compensate excessive heat loss of the roadbed, so that the roadbed temperature is comprehensively maintained above the freezing point temperature, and the frost heaving phenomenon can be eliminated. Compared with the existing frost heaving prevention measures, the device can further prevent and treat the frost heaving.
(2) The frost heaving prevention effect source of the device is solar energy, and the solar energy is renewable heat energy which is most widely distributed and has the most abundant reserves. Roadbeds with frost heaving diseases are generally located in areas with high latitude and high altitude in the north, and the areas are just areas with rich solar energy distribution, so that the solar energy has resource conditions on regional distribution towards the roadbed frost heaving problem. Meanwhile, the roadbed engineering is generally located at a position with relatively flat topography, and the solar irradiation condition is good, so that the roadbed engineering is convenient to take.
(3) The device can autonomously realize a series of working procedures such as photo-thermal conversion of solar radiation energy, heat storage, roadbed heat supply and the like, and is a self-integrated and self-driven complete heat supply device. In particular, the device has high practicality and low manual control requirement, can be unattended for a long time, and is suitable for being applied to long-distance roadbed engineering with severe environment and inconvenient manual unattended operation.
(4) On one hand, the device has compact structure, high overall strength and good stability, and is suitable for roadbed vibration working conditions. On the other hand, the functional parts are vertical columns, and design schemes such as layout positions, intervals, angles and geometric dimensions can be flexibly adjusted. In particular, the point layout scheme which is convenient to be continuously distributed in long distance is suitable for being applied to the characteristics of roadbed dispersion and frost heaving distribution in large depth.
(5) The liquid core type heat pipe component adopted by the device is internally filled with the second heat transfer medium with a gas-liquid two-phase circulation function, and the solar heat energy collected by the solar vacuum heat collection component can be efficiently and rapidly transferred to the roadbed heat dissipation component by combining the first heat transfer medium with static heat conduction. The device has the advantages of high starting speed of heat supply function, fixed heat supply starting temperature and unidirectional heat transfer performance, and better heat supply function and frost heaving prevention effect.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The heat pipe type solar thermal device for roadbed frost heaving is characterized by comprising a solar vacuum heat collection component for converting solar energy into heat energy, a heat dissipation component for transferring heat and a liquid core type heat pipe component for promoting the heat transfer from the solar vacuum heat collection component to the heat dissipation component;
the solar vacuum heat collection assembly comprises a photo-thermal conversion tube, wherein a photo-thermal transmission tube is sleeved outside the photo-thermal conversion tube, the axis of the photo-thermal conversion tube is coincident with the axis of the photo-thermal transmission tube, a vacuum cavity is arranged between the photo-thermal conversion tube and the photo-transmission tube, the photo-thermal conversion tube is in sealing connection with the two ends of the photo-transmission tube, the two ends of the photo-thermal conversion tube are respectively connected with a first joint and a second joint, and an end cover is arranged on the first joint to enable one end of the photo-thermal conversion tube to form sealing;
the heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation pipe, one end of the heat dissipation pipe is connected with the second joint and is communicated with the photo-thermal conversion pipe, a conical guide cap is arranged at the other end of the heat dissipation pipe, a first heat transfer medium is filled in the photo-thermal conversion pipe and the heat dissipation pipe, and heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outer wall of the heat dissipation pipe;
the liquid core type heat pipe assembly comprises a first pipe shell and a second pipe shell, the first pipe shell is positioned in the photo-thermal conversion pipe, the second pipe shell is fixed in the radiating pipe through a bracket, one end of the first pipe shell is connected with one end of the second pipe shell through a sealing piece, the first pipe shell is communicated with the interior of the second pipe shell, the other end of the first pipe shell is sealed, the other end of the second pipe shell is sealed, and a second heat transfer medium is filled in the first pipe shell and the interior of the second pipe shell;
the inner wall of the first tube shell and the inner wall of the second tube shell are provided with liquid suction cores, and the liquid suction cores are made of capillary porous materials;
the internal conduction space of the first tube shell and the second tube shell is a negative pressure environment with a certain fixed vacuum degree; the second heat transfer medium is gasified only when the heat collection temperature of the solar vacuum heat collection component reaches a certain fixed value or more, so that gas-liquid two-phase circulation heat transfer is performed;
the first joint and the second joint are both deformation compensators, the deformation compensators comprise an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which can move relatively in the axial direction, the inner sleeve is connected with the photo-thermal conversion tube, and the outer sleeve is connected with the light transmission tube; the inner sleeve of the deformation compensator adopts a self-pressing sealing structure, can freely slide in the light transmission tube along with the expansion and contraction of the light-heat conversion tube, and always keeps the space between the light-heat conversion tube and the light transmission tube in a sealing state.
2. The heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed according to claim 1, wherein the wick is tightly attached to the inner wall of the first pipe shell and the inner wall of the second pipe shell through steel wire mesh.
3. The heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed according to claim 1, wherein the photo-thermal conversion pipe is a metal pipe with an outer wall coated with a solar selective absorption film.
4. The heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed according to claim 1, wherein the light transmission pipe is a glass pipe with an anti-reflection film coated on the outer wall.
5. The heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed according to claim 1, wherein an evapotranspiration type getter is arranged in the vacuum cavity.
6. The heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of roadbed according to claim 1, wherein one end of the radiating pipe is connected with the second joint through a different-diameter threaded connector, the different-diameter threaded connector is provided with two threaded pipes with different inner diameters, one end of the radiating pipe is connected with one threaded pipe of the different-diameter threaded connector, and the second joint is connected with the other threaded pipe of the different-diameter threaded connector.
7. A method for frost heaving of a subgrade based on the heat pipe type solar thermal device for frost heaving of a subgrade according to claim 1, comprising:
determining the maximum freezing depth of a roadbed with frost heaving diseases in a seasonal frozen soil area;
calculating heat supply quantity and heat load required by the frost heaving roadbed;
according to seasonal change rules of regional solar energy flow density and solar energy photo-thermal conversion efficiency, comprehensively determining the maximum and average heat supply temperature of the heat pipe type solar photo-thermal device and the corresponding effective heat supply radius;
determining the geometric pattern and layout scheme of the heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at roadbed frost heaving;
manufacturing a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at roadbed frost heaving;
drilling the roadbed, and installing a heat pipe type solar thermal device aiming at frost heaving of the roadbed.
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| CN109952892A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-02 | 乌海昊华高科节能技术有限公司 | A kind of novel solar energy primary heat sinks for greenhouse heat supply |
| CN112923581B (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-08-26 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Unpowered frost-proof expansion heat-collecting device and roadbed thereof |
| CN112923579B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Lying type anti-freezing expansion heat-collecting device and roadbed thereof |
| CN112923584B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-04 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Light-focusing type anti-freezing expansion heat-collecting device and roadbed thereof |
| CN113047105A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Integrated anti-freezing and anti-expansion heat collecting device and roadbed thereof |
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