CN109577091A - A kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid - Google Patents
A kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN109577091A CN109577091A CN201811498286.5A CN201811498286A CN109577091A CN 109577091 A CN109577091 A CN 109577091A CN 201811498286 A CN201811498286 A CN 201811498286A CN 109577091 A CN109577091 A CN 109577091A
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- Prior art keywords
- based polyurethanes
- ethyl acetate
- epoxychloropropane
- hydroxy group
- oxa
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/18—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/57—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of a kind of paper relics for paper relics protection to reinforce liquid; the reinforcing liquid that can effectively solve the problems, such as to be currently used for paper relics protection can not increase paper strength and flexible simultaneously; the reinforcing liquid is by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes 5%-30%; terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 5%-30%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 5%-30% and ethyl acetate 10%-85% is uniformly mixed and is made；Prescription of the present invention is scientific and reasonable; abundant raw material; preparation easy to produce; not only with conventional polyurethanes paper strength, in terms of advantageous property, and transparency with higher, avoid conventional resins method for strengthening gloss, in terms of bring adversely affect; with invertibity; protective film can be removed under conditions of lossless or micro- damage, be the innovation that paper relics protection is reinforced on liquid, economic and social benefit is huge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical products, and especially a kind of paper relics for paper relics protection reinforce liquid.
Background technique
Paper relics are the precious historical summary and major cultural heritage of Ancient Times in China art, these record human civilizations
Precious paper relics are constantly being damaged, and Library of Congress checks that stack room, La Photographie library have had been found that
A large amount of books in stock " self-destruction " phenomenon, China possess 5,000 years of civilization China history, and precious papery class history relic is vast as the open sea, is unequal to
It enumerates, but with the passing of the years, it is influenced by various factors, turn to be yellow mildew, dusting brittle failure, the rotten broken, dirt of grain occurs
Therefore the mark damage phenomenon such as have one's face covered with is carried out paper relics protection work and is ground to paper relics reinforcement protecting material and technique
Study carefully, is a particularly significant and urgent task.But it since paper is that not only have elasticity, but also have the substance of plasticity, is printing
When brush, often the paper smaller than tensile strength is more easily broken off the big paper of tensile strength.This illustrates the size of tensile strength, can not
Accurately statement paper resists the ability of tension failure, and paper resists the ability destroyed and is not showed only as intensity, is also embodied by tough
Property, that is, there is certain stress strain curve therefore to develop a kind of reinforcing liquid for making paper strength enhancing synchronous with flexibility
It is the technical issues of must solving.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of for paper relics it is an object of the present invention to provide for the defect for overcoming the prior art for above situation
A kind of paper relics of protection reinforce liquid, and the reinforcing liquid that can effectively solve to be currently used for paper relics protection can not increase paper simultaneously
Zhang Qiangdu and flexible problem.
The technical solution that the present invention solves is that a kind of a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid for paper relics protection should add
Solid-liquid is by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes 5%-30%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxy
Chloropropane based polyurethanes 5%-30%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 5%-30% and ethyl acetate 10%-85% are uniformly mixed and are made；
The nano silica based polyurethanes, by following poidometer: hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer
40g, nano silica 0.5g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g and ethyl acetate 30g are made, wherein by nanometer titanium dioxide
Silicon is placed in a vacuum drying oven, and dry 10-24h removes moisture, obtains dry nano silica；By two isocyanide of hexa-methylene
Acid esters tripolymer is added in ethyl acetate, obtains mixed liquor；Dry nano silica is added in mixed liquor, and is added two
Month silicic acid dibutyl tin, is warming up to 70 DEG C, is reacted, and per isocyanate group (- NCO) content is measured every other hour, works as isocyanide
When perester radical (- NCO) content no longer changes, reaction is terminated, vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate to get nanometer titanium dioxide silicon substrate
Polyurethane；
Terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane the based polyurethanes, by following weight ratio meter: terminal hydroxy group epoxide ring
Hexane-epoxychloropropane copolyether 5g, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g and second
Acetoacetic ester 30g is made, wherein by Hydroxy-terminated Cho-ech Copolyether, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimerization
Body and dibutyl tin dilaurate are added in ethyl acetate, are heated to 70 DEG C, are reacted, every to measure isocyanic acid every other hour
Ester group (- NCO) content, when isocyanate group (- NCO) weight content no longer changes, termination reaction is to get terminal hydroxy group epoxide ring
Hexane-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes；
The organosilicon based polyurethanes, by following poidometer: hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane 30g, six methylenes
Group diisocyanate tripolymer 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.2g and ethyl acetate 30g are made, wherein will be hydroxy-end capped poly-
Dimethyl siloxane, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer and dibutyl tin dilaurate are added in ethyl acetate, heating
To 70 DEG C, reacted, per every other hour measure isocyanate group (- NCO) content, when isocyanate group (- NCO) content not
When changing again, reaction is terminated, vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate to get organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Prescription of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, abundant raw material, and preparation easy to produce, using effect is good, not only has conventional polyurethanes
Paper strength, in terms of advantageous property, and transparency with higher avoids conventional resins method for strengthening
Gloss, in terms of bring adversely affect, paper relics protection materials prepared by the present invention have invertibity, can be
Protective film is removed under conditions of lossless or micro- damage, is the innovation that paper relics protection is reinforced on liquid, economic and social benefit is huge.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with particular condition in use and embodiment, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
10%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 10%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 10% and ethyl acetate 70%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；
The nano silica based polyurethanes, by following poidometer: hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer
40g, nano silica 0.5g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g and ethyl acetate 30g are made, wherein by nanometer titanium dioxide
Silicon is placed in a vacuum drying oven, and dry 10-24h removes moisture, obtains dry nano silica；By two isocyanide of hexa-methylene
Acid esters tripolymer is added in ethyl acetate, obtains mixed liquor；Dry nano silica is added in mixed liquor, and is added two
Month silicic acid dibutyl tin, is warming up to 70 DEG C, is reacted, and per isocyanate group (- NCO) content is measured every other hour, works as isocyanide
When perester radical (- NCO) content no longer changes, reaction is terminated, vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate to get nanometer titanium dioxide silicon substrate
Polyurethane；
Terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane the based polyurethanes, by following weight ratio meter: terminal hydroxy group epoxide ring
Hexane-epoxychloropropane copolyether 5g, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g and second
Acetoacetic ester 30g is made, wherein by Hydroxy-terminated Cho-ech Copolyether, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimerization
Body and dibutyl tin dilaurate are added in ethyl acetate, are heated to 70 DEG C, are reacted, every to measure isocyanic acid every other hour
Ester group (- NCO) content, when isocyanate group (- NCO) weight content no longer changes, termination reaction is to get terminal hydroxy group epoxide ring
Hexane-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes；
The organosilicon based polyurethanes, by following poidometer: hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane 30g, six methylenes
Group diisocyanate tripolymer 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.2g and ethyl acetate 30g are made, wherein will be hydroxy-end capped poly-
Dimethyl siloxane, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer and dibutyl tin dilaurate are added in ethyl acetate, heating
To 70 DEG C, reacted, per every other hour measure isocyanate group (- NCO) content, when isocyanate group (- NCO) content not
When changing again, reaction is terminated, vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate to get organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Embodiment 2: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
10%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 15%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 15% and ethyl acetate 60%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；The nano silica based polyurethanes, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes,
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Embodiment 3: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
10%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 20%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 20% and ethyl acetate 50%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；The nano silica based polyurethanes, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes,
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Embodiment 4: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
15%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 10%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 15% and ethyl acetate 60%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；The nano silica based polyurethanes, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes,
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Embodiment 5: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
15%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 15%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 20% and ethyl acetate 50%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；The nano silica based polyurethanes, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes,
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Embodiment 6: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
15%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 20%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 10% and ethyl acetate 55%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；The nano silica based polyurethanes, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes,
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for organosilicon based polyurethanes.
Embodiment 7: a kind of paper relics reinforcing liquid, by following weight percent meter: nano silica based polyurethanes
20%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 10%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 20% and ethyl acetate 50%
It is uniformly mixed and is made；The nano silica based polyurethanes, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes,
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for organosilicon based polyurethanes.
When the present invention is specifically used, the paper cut out (210mm × 297mm) is placed in reinforcing liquid provided by the invention and is soaked
In bubble (or the present invention is reinforced liquid and is sprayed at paper) 2-15min, takes out and spontaneously dry.
1,2,3,4,5,6,7 method of the embodiment of the present invention is obtained to reinforce the processed paper performance index Comparative result of liquid
It is shown in Table 1:
Table 1:
The test of paper tensile strength is measured according to China's standard GB/T/T12914-2008 in upper table；Paper is resistance to
The measurement of folding degree is measured according to China's standard GB/T/T457-2008；Paper tear degree is according to China's national standard
GB/455-2002 is measured；Sheet gloss is measured according to China's standard GB/T/T 8941-2013；Paper White Degree
It is to be measured according to China's standard GB/T/T7974-2002.
Senile experiment: paper and the performance indicator comparison of paper blank aging front and back are shown in Table 2 after the present invention reinforces liquid processing:
Table 2:
Senile experiment is measured according to China's standard GB/T/T464-2008 in upper table.
The present invention has following advantageous effects compared with prior art:
1, nano silica based polyurethanes have absorption and shielding action to the ultraviolet light of 200~400nm, and have simultaneously
There is the effect of activeness and quietness, therefore is added into reinforce and mechanical performance not only can be enhanced in liquid but also historical relic uvioresistant can be improved
50% or more performance.
2, the polyurethane that 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane copolymerization ether-based polyurethane is synthetically prepared, molecular weight is small, permeability
Well, appearance is colorless and transparent, is used in paper relics reinforcement protection, paper mechanical performance not only can be improved, but also keep good
Good glossiness, mechanical performance improve 40% or more；
3, organosilicon based polyurethanes contain the Si-O key of high bond energy (422.2kJ/m o l), and organosilicon on organosilicon
The unimolecule volume of oxygen alkane is big, and cohesion energy density is low, in this way introduces organosiloxane on the main chain or side chain of polyurethane molecular,
The tolerance performance of product can be improved.The present invention combines the advantages of polysiloxanes and polyurethane, is had excellent performance
Paper reinforcement material, especially significantly improves the folding strength of paper, and 2 times or more can be improved in folding number.
4, prescription of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, abundant raw material, preparation easy to produce, and using effect is good.Both the anti-of paper had been enhanced
Zhang Qiangdu, and the flexibility of paper is maintained, transparency with higher, paper list can only be enhanced by avoiding traditional reinforcement material
The deficiency of one performance increases paper relics and saves 3 times of the service life or more, and anti-aging property is strong, improves its ornamental and researching value.This
The prepared paper relics protection materials of invention have invertibity, can remove protective film under conditions of lossless or micro- damage, be paper
Innovation in matter historical relic's protection, economic and social benefit are huge.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of paper relics reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: the reinforcing liquid is by following weight percent meter: nano silica
Based polyurethanes 5%-30%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 5%-30%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 5%-30%
It is uniformly mixed and is made with ethyl acetate 10%-85%；
The nano silica based polyurethanes, by following poidometer: hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer 40g, receiving
Rice silica 0.5g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g and ethyl acetate 30g are made, wherein are placed in nano silica
In vacuum oven, dry 10-24h removes moisture, obtains dry nano silica；By hexamethylene diisocyanate three
Aggressiveness is added in ethyl acetate, obtains mixed liquor；Dry nano silica is added in mixed liquor, and dilaurate is added
Dibutyl tin is warming up to 70 DEG C, is reacted, and per isocyanate group (- NCO) content is measured every other hour, works as isocyanate group
(- NCO) content when no longer changing, terminates reaction, and vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate to get nano silica based polyurethanes；
Terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane the based polyurethanes, by following weight ratio meter: terminal hydroxy group epoxy hexamethylene
Alkane-epoxychloropropane copolyether 5g, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g and acetic acid
Ethyl ester 30g is made, wherein by Hydroxy-terminated Cho-ech Copolyether, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer
It is added in ethyl acetate with dibutyl tin dilaurate, is heated to 70 DEG C, is reacted, it is every to measure isocyanates every other hour
Base (- NCO) content, when isocyanate group (- NCO) weight content no longer changes, termination reaction is to get terminal hydroxy group epoxy hexamethylene
Alkane-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes；
The organosilicon based polyurethanes, by following poidometer: hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane 30g, hexa-methylene two
Isocyanate trimer 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.2g and ethyl acetate 30g are made, wherein by hydroxy-end capped poly- diformazan
Radical siloxane, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer and dibutyl tin dilaurate are added in ethyl acetate, are heated to 70
DEG C, it is reacted, per isocyanate group (- NCO) content is measured every other hour, when isocyanate group (- NCO) content no longer becomes
When change, reaction is terminated, vacuum distillation removes ethyl acetate to get organosilicon based polyurethanes.
2. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nanometer two
Silica based polyurethanes 10%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 10%, 10% He of organosilicon based polyurethanes
Ethyl acetate 70% is uniformly mixed and is made.
3. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nano-silica
SiClx based polyurethanes 10%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 15%, organosilicon based polyurethanes 15% and second
Acetoacetic ester 60% is uniformly mixed and is made.
4. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nanometer two
Silica based polyurethanes 10%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 20%, 20% He of organosilicon based polyurethanes
Ethyl acetate 50% is uniformly mixed and is made.
5. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nanometer two
Silica based polyurethanes 15%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 10%, 15% He of organosilicon based polyurethanes
Ethyl acetate 60% is uniformly mixed and is made.
6. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nanometer two
Silica based polyurethanes 15%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 15%, 20% He of organosilicon based polyurethanes
Ethyl acetate 50% is uniformly mixed and is made.
7. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nanometer two
Silica based polyurethanes 15%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 20%, 10% He of organosilicon based polyurethanes
Ethyl acetate 55% is uniformly mixed and is made；
8. paper relics according to claim 1 reinforce liquid, it is characterized in that: by following weight percent meter: nanometer two
Silica based polyurethanes 20%, terminal hydroxy group 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0-epoxychloropropane based polyurethanes 10%, 20% He of organosilicon based polyurethanes
Ethyl acetate 50% is uniformly mixed and is made.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811498286.5A CN109577091B (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | Paper cultural relic reinforcing liquid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811498286.5A CN109577091B (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | Paper cultural relic reinforcing liquid |
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| CN109577091A true CN109577091A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
| CN109577091B CN109577091B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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| CN201811498286.5A Expired - Fee Related CN109577091B (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | Paper cultural relic reinforcing liquid |
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| CN111270554A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-12 | 郑州大学 | Amphipathic cationic chitosan-phosphate starch composite strengthening liquid for paper protection |
| CN111424464A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-17 | 郑州大学 | Preparation method and application of modified chitosan/silicon composite reinforcement liquid for paper protection |
| CN113774708A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-12-10 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation and application method of paper cultural relic protection solution |
| CN115110340A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-09-27 | 郑州大学 | Multifunctional protective liquid for paper |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111270554A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-12 | 郑州大学 | Amphipathic cationic chitosan-phosphate starch composite strengthening liquid for paper protection |
| CN111424464A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-17 | 郑州大学 | Preparation method and application of modified chitosan/silicon composite reinforcement liquid for paper protection |
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| CN113774708B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation and application methods of paper cultural relic protection liquid |
| CN115110340A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-09-27 | 郑州大学 | Multifunctional protective liquid for paper |
| CN115110340B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-04-28 | 郑州大学 | Multifunctional protective liquid for paper |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109577091B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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