CN109577009B - Biomass organic material-inorganic sol composite coating for casting filter screen, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Biomass organic material-inorganic sol composite coating for casting filter screen, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
- B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
- B22D43/004—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal by using filtering means
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic System; Aluminates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an organic material-inorganic sol composite coating of nontoxic biomass for a filter screen for casting. The biomass carbohydrate, furfuryl alcohol and an acid additive are adopted, partial caramelization and dehydration reaction are carried out under the action of the acid additive and heat to generate micromolecular aldehyde, aldehyde groups and hydroxyl groups in micromolecular aldehyde and sugar structures are subjected to addition and condensation reaction with furfuryl alcohol and furfuryl alcohol to obtain a condensation compound under the action of acid, and then an inorganic peptization material is matched to obtain a biomass organic material-inorganic coating material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of biomass organic material-inorganic sol composite coatings, and particularly relates to a biomass material-inorganic sol composite coating for a filter screen for casting, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The filter screen for casting is used for filtering various impurities, slag removing agents and slag caused by various non-metallic substances in high-temperature molten liquid metals such as iron, steel, aluminum and the like in the casting process under the high-temperature condition so as to obtain high-quality castings and reduce the rejection rate of the castings. At present, the filter screen for casting is obtained by using an alcoholic solution of thermoplastic phenolic resin as a matrix to impregnate alkali-free glass fiber and high-silica glass fiber cloth, and then drying at low temperature, curing at high temperature and carbonizing and forming.
Patent CN101235262 describes an adhesive for winding type casting filter screen and a preparation method thereof, wherein the adhesive is composed of the following raw materials: 4-7 parts of thermoplastic phenolic resin, 0.3-3 parts of curing agent polyhexamethylene adipamide, 20 parts of industrial ethanol, 0.100-0.525 part of glycidyl methacrylate, 0.100-0.525 part of acrylate and 0.007-0.056 part of Y-chloropropyl methyl diethoxysilane.
Patent CN 106414839a proposes a composition, a process for the preparation of said composition, said composition comprising a mixture of product a and product B. The product a is obtained by polymerization of carbohydrate monomers, natural or synthetic, preferably sugars, more preferably sugars such as glucose, fructose, lactose, etc. The product B consists of at least one additive. A method for preparing the composition is provided, the composition is a mixture M consisting of the following raw materials: 30-70 percent of sucrose, 70-30 percent of water, 0-1.8 percent of phosphoric acid, 0-1.7 percent of aluminum ammonium sulfate and 0-2.0 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and then the mixture is mixed with alkaline silica sol to obtain the composition. The mixture M with the composition is heated and dissolved, and then the mixture M accounts for 66 percent, and 40 percent of alkaline silica sol accounts for 34 percent, so as to form the dip-coating material of the cast aluminum filter screen composition. However, the inventor finds that: the method can not meet the requirements of high-cast copper mesh and iron mesh; meanwhile, as the patent coating material uses phosphoric acid and corresponding phosphate, the alkali-free glass fiber cloth of the phosphoric acid and the corresponding phosphate has corrosion action, thereby influencing the high-temperature pouring strength of the filter screen; meanwhile, through experimental discovery: the filter coating material has low carbonization residual rate (more loss during carbonization), the carbonization loss of a cured substance is close to 50%, if the filter screen is not carbonized, the smoke quantity of the filter screen manufactured by direct curing is large, the strength loss of the filter screen is large when pouring is started, and the heat resistance and the heat strength of the filter screen are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a biomass organic material-inorganic sol composite coating for a non-toxic or low-toxic filter screen for casting. Compared with the existing coating material which is an alcoholic solution thermoplastic phenolic aldehyde solution, the coating material has low toxicity, and no toxic and harmful micromolecule free aldehyde, free phenol, solvent methanol and the like are released in the preparation process of the filter screen; compared with the coating material proposed by the patent CN 106414839A, the problem of corrosion of phosphoric acid and corresponding phosphate to alkali-free glass fiber cloth is solved, meanwhile, small molecular aldehydes and aldehyde groups in the structure generated in the reaction of furfuryl alcohol or furfuryl alcohol low condensate and caramelization are added for aldol condensation, and sugar is dehydrated under the action of strong acid to form 5-hydroxymethylfurfural which is further subjected to condensation reaction with furfuryl alcohol, so that the residual rate after carbonization is greatly improved, the strength and heat resistance of the carbonized filter screen are improved, the smoke emission of the filter screen is reduced, the filter screen has higher heat resistance and high temperature strength, the performance of the filter screen is basically close to the heat resistance of a phenolic resin coating used by the traditional filter screen, and meanwhile, no toxic or harmful substance is released.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for casting filter screens, comprising: furfuryl alcohol, sugar, inorganic sol, water and additives (curing agent, sol agent and caramel agent).
The method adopts furfuryl alcohol, natural sugars and additives prepared from biomasses such as corncobs and the like as biomass organic material components, under the action of additives (acid) and heating, caramelization reaction is carried out on sugar to form a polymer with larger molecules, micromolecular aldehyde is generated at the same time, aldehyde groups and hydroxyl groups in a sugar molecular structure are dehydrated under the action of acid and heat, and sugar is dehydrated under the action of strong acid to form 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the furfuryl alcohol and furfuryl alcohol with low degree of condensation undergo condensation reaction to form a macromolecular polymer with high degree of condensation and better heat resistance, so that an organic material coating with higher bonding strength is formed; and then combining inorganic sol or peptized inorganic materials, such as silica sol, alumina sol and the like, and peptized compounds such as pseudo-boehmite and the like, and after carbonization, the high-temperature strength and the heat resistance of the coating can be further improved, and the gas evolution or the smoke evolution of the filter screen can be reduced, so that the coating material has better low-temperature and high-temperature strength and heat resistance.
In some embodiments, the sugar can be selected from sucrose, crystal sugar, fructose, syrup, molasses, xylose, etc., and the coating material is 5% -40%, preferably 10% -30%; the specific proportion is selected according to the type and specification of the filter screen, and the resin mainly provides curing and carbonization strength in the coating, plays a role in shaping the filter screen and has better heat resistance;
the invention relates to an iron net, a steel net and an aluminum net, which respectively refer to the following parts: molten iron filter screens, molten steel filter screens and molten aluminum filter screens.
In some embodiments, the peptizing substances mainly refer to inorganic sol substances, aluminum sol and silica sol, pseudo-boehmite and fumed silica, preferably silica sol, aluminum sol and pseudo-boehmite, have certain improvement effect on curing and carbonization strength, and mainly improve heat resistance and strength during pouring; the pseudo-boehmite powder needs to be subjected to sol with a peptizing agent, so that the binding power of the pseudo-boehmite powder is improved, and the pseudo-boehmite powder has a smoke resistance function; if aluminium sol (liquid) and silica sol (liquid) are used, they constitute 15-40%, preferably 20-35%, of the coating material; if pseudo-boehmite, alumina sol rubber powder and fumed silica are selected, the proportion of the pseudo-boehmite is 2.5-20%, preferably 5-15%, and the pseudo-boehmite is preferably large-aperture and high-viscosity pseudo-boehmite;
in some embodiments, the additives (referring to curing agents, peptizers, and caramel agents): the curing agent mainly takes the effect of the curing agent when the furfuryl alcohol condensation compound is cured; the peptizing agent has the effect of accelerating the sol when the inorganic material is selected from pseudo-boehmite and alumina sol rubber powder; the caramelizing agent is: the sugar is caramelized with a catalyst for promoting caramelization reaction, and inorganic acid and organic acid are preferably used, such as nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sulfonic acids (p-toluenesulfonic acid and xylenesulfonic acid sulfamic acid) and acid anhydride, and the catalysts are used for dehydrating under the catalysis of strong sugar acid to generate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and for caramelizing to generate small molecular aldehyde and condensing aldehyde group and hydroxyl group in a sugar structure with furfuryl alcohol and furfuryl alcohol. If the peptization substance is pseudo-boehmite, the nitric acid is better selected, the curing agent is matched with other organic acid, acid anhydride or acidic substance, and the addition amount of the total acid additive (inorganic acid or organic acid and acidic substance) accounts for 2.5-10% of the coating material amount, preferably 2.5-5%;
in some embodiments, the coating material can be prepared by directly dissolving and mixing organic matters and then mixing with inorganic sol substances, or by firstly carrying out a series of addition and condensation reactions on furfuryl alcohol and a sugar water solution at a higher temperature under acid catalysis to obtain a condensation compound with moderate viscosity, and finally mixing with the inorganic sol substances to prepare the coating material, wherein the latter is preferably selected in two preparation modes, namely heating or mixing and dissolving sugar, furfuryl alcohol and water, then adjusting the pH value to be slightly acidic by using inorganic acid or organic acid, carrying out a heating reaction for a certain time to allow the sugar to have partial caramelization reaction and a series of addition and condensation reactions with furfuryl alcohol and furfuryl alcohol per se and the like to obtain an aqueous condensation compound, and finally cooling, adding an acid or acid additive, mixing uniformly, and mixing with the inorganic sol material for later use; or the prepared biomass organic material is uniformly mixed with inorganic sol or peptized substance and additive before coating to obtain the biomass organic-inorganic composite coating material of aluminum, copper mesh or iron mesh for casting.
Preparing a filter screen: the method comprises the following steps of (1) coating a specific type of glass fiber cloth on a coating machine, coating glue in the coating material, and then curing at about 150 ℃ or carbonizing at 350 ℃ for a certain time to obtain a glass fiber coating, namely a casting filter screen, wherein the filter screen has the characteristics of low smoke generation amount, good heat resistance and high-temperature strength;
the percentages in this application refer to mass percentages.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the composite coating material of the biomass material-inorganic peptization substance is prepared, and the furfuryl alcohol is added for addition and condensation reaction, so that the carbonization residual rate is greatly improved compared with the prior carbonization residual rate, namely, the effective components of the biomass sugar in the coating of the filter screen are better exerted, the heat resistance is improved, and the smoke emission is reduced;
2) the biomass material-inorganic peptization material composite coating material is basically non-toxic and free of harmful components, and avoids release of more alcohol solvents, free aldehydes, free phenols and ammonia during curing and carbonization of the traditional filter screen coating;
3) in patent CN 106414839A, phosphoric acid and phosphate corrode glass fiber, and substances such as furfuryl alcohol are added to improve the carbonization residual rate and reduce the smoke generation amount, heat resistance and high-temperature strength. The composite resin is used for impregnating a resin matrix of alkali-free glass fibers, and then is cured or carbonized to form a casting filter screen, and can be used for aluminum screens, copper screens and iron screens.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the thermogravimetric curve of the carbide of the coating material of example 1;
FIG. 2 is the thermogravimetric curve of the carbide of the coating material of example 2;
FIG. 3 is the thermogravimetric curve of the carbide of the coating material of example 3;
FIG. 4 is a thermogravimetric plot of the carbide of comparative example 1;
FIG. 5 is a thermogravimetric plot of the carbide of comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for casting filter screens, comprising: furfuryl alcohol, sugar, inorganic sol, water and additives (curing agent, sol agent and caramel agent).
The selection of different glue carrying amount is carried out according to different specifications of glass fiber cloth used by different filter screens and different metal liquid filtration. The coating material of the invention is a compound formed by biomass material and inorganic peptization material, wherein, the biomass material contains sugar and furfuryl alcohol, which are subjected to partial caramelization reaction of the sugar under the action of organic acid or inorganic acid and heating, aldehyde, hydroxyl and aldehyde micromolecules generated by caramelization in the sugar molecule and the sugar are dehydrated under the action of strong acid to form 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which can be subjected to addition and condensation reaction with furfuryl alcohol to obtain a condensate with moderate viscosity of larger molecule, and the biomass organic material and the inorganic sol or peptization material compound are subjected to caramelization reaction under the action of acid and heating to generate polymer glucoside, and simultaneously generate micromolecular aldehyde and sugar which are dehydrated under strong acid to generate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and micromolecular aldehyde which are subjected to acid reaction with furfuryl alcohol in the condensate during curing and carbonizing of the preparation of the coating of a filter screen, The furfuryl alcohol further generates condensation reaction with aldehyde group and hydroxyl group in the sugar and the furfuryl alcohol itself generates condensation reaction to become bigger polymer, thereby improving the heat resistance and high temperature strength of the biomass organic coating. When the coating material is used for preparing the filter screen, if only curing is carried out, and carbonization is not carried out, the smoke quantity of the filter screen is not large, and the filter screen can be prepared by only curing as the coating of the existing common thermoplastic phenolic resin filter screen; the inorganic peptizing material is selected from sol substances, such as aluminum sol, silica sol and peptizable substance pseudo-boehmite, and other inorganic sol substances, preferably aluminum sol, silica sol and pseudo-boehmite.
In some embodiments, the sugar is at least one of sucrose, rock candy, fructose, syrup, molasses, or xylose.
In some embodiments, the furfuryl alcohol: under the action of an acid catalyst, furfuryl alcohol and sugar are caramelized to generate micromolecular aldehyde, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural is generated by dehydration under strong sugar acid, and aldehyde and hydroxyl in a sugar structure are subjected to co-condensation and self-condensation reaction, the condensation compound has high resin carbon residue and good heat resistance, and the residual contribution rate of the coating after carbonization is far higher than that of sugar; graphite carbon is generated during high-temperature casting, the casting strength and the heat resistance are improved, the adding amount of furfuryl alcohol accounts for 5-50% of the coating material, and the optimal proportion is 20-40%;
in some embodiments, the ratio of solvent: mainly water which mainly has the function of dissolving solid sugar or adjusting the solid content of liquid sugar and the viscosity of the condensation compound, and generally accounts for 5 to 40 percent of the coating material, preferably 10 to 30 percent;
in some embodiments, the inorganic sol is at least one of an alumina sol, a silica sol, a pseudo-boehmite, or a fumed silica.
In some embodiments, the additives (curing agent, peptizer, and caramel agent) are all inorganic acids, organic acids, and acidic substances.
In some embodiments, the additives (curing agent, peptizer, and caramel agent) are nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sulfonic acids (p-toluenesulfonic acid, xylenesulfonic acid sulfamic acid), and anhydrides (phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride), among others.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of furfuryl alcohol, sugar, solvent, inorganic sol, additives (curing agent, peptizing agent, and caramel agent) is 5-50: 5-40: 5-40: 2.5-40: 2.5-10.
Preparing a coating material: the coating material can be prepared by directly mixing organic solution and inorganic sol substances, or by firstly carrying out a series of addition and condensation reactions on furfuryl alcohol and a sugar water solution at a higher temperature to obtain a water-soluble condensation compound with moderate viscosity, and finally mixing the water-soluble condensation compound with the inorganic sol substances to prepare the coating material, wherein the latter is preferably selected in two preparation modes, namely heating or mixing and dissolving sugar, furfuryl alcohol and water, then regulating the pH value to be subacidity by using inorganic acid or organic acid, heating and reacting for a certain time to allow part of sugar to carry out caramelization and dehydration reactions and a series of addition and condensation reactions with furfuryl alcohol and furfuryl alcohol per se and the like to obtain a water-soluble condensation compound, and finally cooling, adding acid or acid substances into the water-soluble condensation compound to be uniformly mixed with the inorganic sol substances, and uniformly mixing the; or the biomass organic material can be uniformly mixed with inorganic sol or peptization substances and acid additives before coating to obtain the biomass organic-inorganic composite coating material of aluminum, copper mesh and iron mesh for casting.
In some embodiments, the additives (curing agent, peptizer, and caramel agent) are added in an amount of 2.5% to 10% of the total mass of the coating material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for casting the filter screen, which comprises the following steps:
preparation of biomass material: under the action of organic acid or inorganic acid and heating, the sugar is partially caramelized and dehydrated, and the furfuryl alcohol and aldehyde, hydroxyl and aldehyde micromolecules generated by caramelization in the sugar molecule are subjected to addition and condensation reaction to obtain a condensation compound;
and (3) uniformly mixing the biomass material with inorganic sol and water to obtain the composite material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass organic material-inorganic sol coating material for casting the filter screen, which comprises the steps of dipping alkali-free glass fiber or high silica glass fiber in the biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition, and finally forming an organic-inorganic coating on glass fiber cloth through curing or carbonization, thereby obtaining the filter screen for casting.
In some embodiments, the curing temperature is 150 to 160 ℃;
in some embodiments, the carbonization temperature is 250-.
Example 1
(1) 70g of 70% syrup and 20g of water and 20g of furfuryl alcohol are added to a three-necked flask with a condenser and a stirring device, and the stirring is started with a 1: 2, adjusting the pH value of a maleic anhydride solution dissolved by water to 3.5-4, heating to 90 ℃, reacting for 0.5 hour, cooling to room temperature, adding 1.5 g of maleic anhydride, and stirring for dissolving;
(2) adding 88.5g of 30% acidic silica sol into the furfuryl alcohol and syrup condensation compound, and uniformly stirring to obtain about 200g of an organic-inorganic composite coating material;
(3) curing and carbonizing the organic-inorganic composite coating material at 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for a certain time, and determining a carbonization rate and a thermogravimetric curve;
(4) dip-coating the coating material with alkali-free glass fiber cloth, and curing at 150 deg.C for 5 min; the filter screen is prepared at the carbonization temperature of 300 ℃ for 10 minutes.
Example 2
(1) To a three-necked flask with a condenser and a stirring device, 40g of 70% syrup and 84g of furfuryl alcohol were added, and the stirring was started with a 1: 2, adjusting the pH value of a maleic anhydride solution dissolved by water to 3.5-4, heating to 90 ℃, reacting for 0.5 hour, cooling to room temperature, adding 2.0g of ammonium chloride and 2.0g of maleic anhydride, and stirring for dissolving;
(2) taking 65g of the syrup and furfuryl alcohol condensate, adding 35g of alkaline silica sol, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic-inorganic composite coating material;
(3) curing and carbonizing the organic-inorganic composite coating material at 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for a certain time, and determining a carbonization rate and a thermogravimetric curve;
(4) dip-coating the coating material with alkali-free glass fiber cloth, and curing at 150 deg.C for 5 min; the filter screen is prepared at the carbonization temperature of 300 ℃ for 10 minutes.
Example 3
(1) 30g of rock candy and 20g of water and 15g of furfuryl alcohol are added into a three-mouth bottle with a condensation pipe and a stirring device, and stirring is started to be carried out by using a stirring device with the weight ratio of 1: 2, adjusting the pH value of a maleic anhydride solution dissolved by water to 3.5-4, heating to 90 ℃, reacting for 0.5 hour, and cooling to obtain a condensation product of crystal sugar and furfuryl alcohol;
(2) and (3) stirring and dissolving 65g of rock candy and furfuryl alcohol condensation compound, 1g of ammonium chloride and 1g of maleic anhydride, and then adding 15g of alumina sol powder and stirring uniformly to obtain 82g of the composite coating material.
(3) Curing and carbonizing the organic-inorganic composite coating material at 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for a certain time, and determining a carbonization rate and a thermogravimetric curve;
(4) dip-coating the coating material with alkali-free glass fiber cloth, and curing at 150 deg.C for 5 min; the filter screen is prepared at the carbonization temperature of 300 ℃ for 10 minutes.
Comparative example 1 alcohol solution of phenol thermoplastic resin
(1) Synthesizing thermoplastic phenolic resin: adding 600g of phenol, 150g of 95% solid formaldehyde and 3.0g of oxalic acid into a reactor, heating to 85 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 1.5 hours, heating to 105 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, sampling, dripping into water after preserving heat for 1 hour, and precipitating on the bottom in a diffusion manner, changing the device into normal pressure water diversion, changing the device into a vacuum state when the temperature is raised to 130 ℃, dephenolizing and dehydrating, keeping the vacuum state and the temperature raised to 150 ℃ for about 20 minutes, cooling to 60 ℃, slowly adding 300g of methanol for dissolution while continuously keeping a cooling state, and finally adding 80 g of urotropine to obtain 1030g of a thermoplastic phenolic resin methanol solution with urotropine and obtain 100g of wastewater;
(2) the phenolic resin coating material comprises the following components: the synthesized thermoplastic phenolic resin alcoholic solution is an organic bonding main component: 250 (solids content about 65%);
methanol: 300
(3) Curing and carbonizing the organic-inorganic composite coating material at 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for a certain time, and determining a carbonization rate and a thermogravimetric curve;
(4) dip-coating the coating material with alkali-free glass fiber cloth, and curing at 150 deg.C for 5 min; the filter screen is prepared at the carbonization temperature of 300 ℃ for 10 minutes.
Comparative example 2:
(1) patent CN 106414839a provides the best composition: mixing 35.5g of sucrose, 30g of water, 0.66g of 75% phosphoric acid, 0.92g of ammonium aluminum sulfate and 0.8g of monocalcium phosphate, heating to 90-100 ℃ for 5 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and adding 34g of 40% alkaline silica sol to obtain about 100g of the patent coating material;
(2) manufacturing a filter screen:
(3) curing and carbonizing the organic-inorganic composite coating material at 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for a certain time, and determining a carbonization rate and a thermogravimetric curve;
(4) dip-coating the coating material with alkali-free glass fiber cloth, and curing at 150 deg.C for 5 min; the filter screen is prepared at the carbonization temperature of 300 ℃ for 10 minutes.
And (4) analyzing results:
1) carbide carbonization rate of each coating material:
TABLE 1 residual rate of carbonization of cured product and contribution rate of organic substance in examples 1, 2 and 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2
| Serial number | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Residual rate of carbonization | 65.82％ | 81.82％ | 88.89％ | 92.35％ | 58.21％ |
| Contribution rate of organic matter carbonization | 53％ | 75.76％ | 85.19％ | 92.35％ | 40％ |
From the viewpoint of the carbonization ratios of the cured products of the coating materials of different compositions:
(1) the carbonization residual rate reflects the strength loss rate of the filter screen coating material from curing to carbonization, and the higher the carbonization rate, the less the strength loss after carbonization;
(2) as the furfuryl alcohol content in the biomass organic mixture is increased, the carbonization residual rate and the organic carbonization contribution rate are increased;
(3) compared with syrup, syrup and rock sugar as biomass sugar have higher carbonization rate and organic matter contribution rate of the rock sugar;
(4) the furfuryl alcohol is added into the biomass sugar, so that the carbonization rate and the organic matter carbonization contribution rate can be increased, and the key improvement of the invention is realized;
(5) if the carbonization rate of the condensate of the coating material of the filter screen with crystal sugar, higher furfuryl alcohol content and higher addition amount of the curing agent and the carbonization contribution rate of organic matters are also higher and are basically close to the carbonization rate of pure phenolic resin, the condensate of the coating material can be directly used as the coating of the filter screen without carbonization.
2) Thermogravimetric curve analysis of each carbide:
the experimental conditions of the thermogravimetric curve are 30-800 ℃, 20 ℃/min and N introduction2As shown in FIGS. 1-5;
from the thermogravimetric curves of the carbides of the different coating materials:
(1) the thermogravimetric curve reflects the heat resistance of the coating material after carbonization, and when the temperature in the thermogravimetric curve rises to a certain temperature, the carbide starts to be thermally decomposed, and the higher the decomposition temperature is, the better the heat resistance is; after the temperature rises to a certain value, the thermal decomposition rate is slowed, the relationship between the temperature and the residual quantity of the corresponding carbide at the temperature reflects the heat resistance of the coating material, the higher the temperature is, the larger the residual quantity is, the better the heat resistance of the coating carbide is, and thus the heat resistance of the coating carbide can be reflected by a thermogravimetric curve;
(2) the carbide of the composite coating material of example 1 starts to decompose at 356.7 ℃, and the decomposition rate becomes slow at 657 ℃ and the residual rate is 72.43%; the carbide of the composite coating material of the embodiment 2 starts to be thermally decomposed at 367.33 ℃, the decomposition rate becomes slow at 672 ℃, and the residual rate is 80%; the carbide of the composite coating material of the embodiment 3 has the initial decomposition temperature of 374.85 ℃, the decomposition speed is slowed down at 692.67 ℃, and the residual rate is 78.75 percent; comparative example 1 the thermal decomposition starting temperature of the conventional phenol resin carbide was 388.5 ℃, the decomposition rate became slow at 620 ℃ and the residual rate was 71%; in contrast, in comparative example 2 (patent CN 106414839A), the carbide starts to decompose at 358.53 ℃, the decomposition rate becomes slow at about 610 ℃, and the residual rate is about 78%;
(3) the fact that the heat resistance of the coating materials of the invention is good when the furfuryl alcohol content is high is shown, the heat resistance of the coating materials of the invention is lower than the decomposition temperature of the traditional phenolic resin coating material in the examples 1, 2 and 3, but the decomposition temperature of the coating materials of the invention is higher than that of the traditional phenolic resin coating material in the examples 2 and 3 when the furfuryl alcohol content is high than that of the patent 106414839A, but the weight loss rate of the carbide of the invention is better than that of the traditional phenolic resin coating material and the patent 106414839A coating material along with the rise of the thermogravimetric temperature, namely.
3) And (3) performance characterization of a filter screen:
the single resin, the composite resin and the inorganic peptization materials prepared in the examples 1, 2 and 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 are prepared into filter screens, the indexes of the filter screens comprise softening points, continuous working time, normal temperature strength, gas forming amount and the like, wherein the softening points and the continuous working time mainly depend on the quality and the model of the screen cloth, the influence of the coating material on the filter screens is very small, but the normal temperature strength and the gas forming amount mainly relate to the type and the gel carrying amount of the coating material and also have a great relation with the quality and the model of the screen cloth, the normal temperature strength is compared under the same model of glass fiber cloth, the gas forming amount is greatly influenced by the type and the gel carrying amount of the coating, the gel carrying amount of the same material is larger, the toughness, namely the flexibility of the filter screen is related to the type and the gel carrying amount, and the normal temperature strength and the flexibility of the filter screens are performed in an LDS-L electronic testing machine, the gas evolution quantity is measured by using an SFZ digital display gas evolution quantity tester; in addition, the smoke amount of the filter screen and the fire condition were compared on a universal electric furnace, and the specific filter screen performance is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance indices of Filter screens prepared with various coatings
Note: performance parameters of an aluminum mesh sheet for 16-mesh glass fiber mesh cloth (alkali-free) casting, wherein the gel content of a sample (length x width) 100 x 100mm is about 0.16 g.
The results show that the performance of the cast filter screen made of the organic-inorganic composite coating material provided by the invention is basically similar to that of the traditional coating material provided by the prior patent, and the cast aluminum, cast copper and cast iron filter screens can meet the filtering use of the prior casting industry.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for casting filter screens is characterized by comprising: furfuryl alcohol, sugar, inorganic sol, water and an additive; the sugar is at least one of rock sugar, fructose, syrup, molasses or xylose;
the inorganic sol is at least one of alumina sol, silica sol, pseudo-boehmite or fumed silica;
the additive is an acid substance;
the mass ratio of the furfuryl alcohol, the sugar, the water, the inorganic sol and the additive is 5-50: 5-40: 5-40: 2.5-40: 2.5-10;
preparation of biomass material: under the action of acids and heating, part of sugar is subjected to partial caramelization and dehydration reaction, and furfuryl alcohol and aldehyde and hydroxyl in sugar molecules and aldehyde micromolecules generated by caramelization and dehydration are subjected to addition and condensation reaction to obtain a condensation compound;
and (3) uniformly mixing the biomass material with inorganic sol and water to obtain the composite material.
2. The biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for casting filter screens according to claim 1, wherein the additive is nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sulfonic acids or acid anhydride.
3. The biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for the casting filter screen according to claim 2, wherein the sulfonic acid is p-toluenesulfonic acid or xylenesulfonic acid sulfamic acid, and the acid anhydride is phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride.
4. A preparation method of a biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition for casting filter screens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparation of biomass material: under the action of acids and heating, part of sugar is subjected to partial caramelization and dehydration reaction, and furfuryl alcohol and aldehyde and hydroxyl in sugar molecules and aldehyde micromolecules generated by caramelization and dehydration are subjected to addition and condensation reaction to obtain a condensation compound;
and (3) uniformly mixing the biomass material with inorganic sol and water to obtain the composite material.
5. A preparation method of biomass organic material-inorganic sol coating material for casting filter screen is characterized in that alkali-free glass fiber or high silica glass fiber is dipped in the biomass organic material-inorganic sol composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, and finally cured or carbonized to form organic-inorganic coating on glass fiber cloth, thereby obtaining the casting filter screen.
6. The preparation method of the biomass organic material-inorganic sol coating material for the casting filter screen according to claim 5, wherein the curing temperature is 150-160 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the biomass organic material-inorganic sol coating material for the casting filter screen as recited in claim 5, wherein the carbonization temperature is 250-350 ℃.
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