CN109575359A - A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109575359A
CN109575359A CN201811495492.0A CN201811495492A CN109575359A CN 109575359 A CN109575359 A CN 109575359A CN 201811495492 A CN201811495492 A CN 201811495492A CN 109575359 A CN109575359 A CN 109575359A
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silver
preparation
nano
nanometer silver
antimicrobial liquid
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Inventor
尹荔松
刘艳娥
范海陆
蓝键
马思琪
涂驰周
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Wuyi University
Luliang University
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Wuyi University
Luliang University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02Elements
    • C08K3/08Metals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/18Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
    • B22F9/24Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms

Abstract

The invention discloses kind of a preparation method and application for nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, the preparation method of the nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid utilizes hydro-thermal method, using polyvinylpyrrolidone as protective agent, prepares nano silver colloidal sol solution with glucose direct-reduction silver nitrate;It prepares relatively easy, easily controllable, and carries out in hydrothermal reaction kettle in a closed system, the volatilization and preparation that can be effectively prevented noxious material are to the substance of air-sensitive.Obtained nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid crystal property is preferable, Nano silver grain is spherical shape, belong to the nano silver of centroid cubic crystal system, it is dispersed preferable, grain diameter is uniform, for most of grain diameter in 20nm or so, stability is strong, can be widely applied to timber anti-biotic material, anti-bacterial fibre, antimicrobial building material, antibiotic plastic.

Description

A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of nano silver material preparation process more particularly to a kind of preparations of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid Method and application.
Background technique
The property of nano material is generally dependent on its size and shape, therefore a free-revving engine of nano material preparation is exactly Realize the control to nano-particles size and shape, and the control of shape is much difficult to the control of size.This is because being in The nanoparticle of upper state tends to mutually reunite and grow up, and the variation of environment may also influence the growth of nanoparticle.Cause This, the nanoparticle of conventional method preparation is generally the irregular spherical shape of size wider distribution.By adjust nanoparticle at Nucleus growth environment, controls the Growth kinetics of nanoparticle, to realize the controllable preparation of nano-particles size and pattern.Nanometer There are many preparation methods of silver powder, including chemical reduction method, ultrasonic wave added synthetic method, magnetron sputtering method, template, photo-reduction Method, crystal seed method, polyol process, microemulsion method, electrochemical process, biological reducing method, hydro-thermal method etc..
In the living environment of the mankind, there is countless bacteriums, they are multiplied wherein by different routes of transmission It lives.Bacterium is proliferated quickly in a humid environment, people's various household items used in everyday be all bacteria breed procreation and The suitable place propagated.These bacteriums generate abnormal stimulation to human skin and induce various skin diseases, and it is strong to influence human body Health.In recent years, the trend that various bacterial viruses are significantly increased, various viral bacteriosis are also increasingly spread unchecked, therefore, Research on antibacterial and application to articles for daily use have very important significance to protection human health.
A kind of specific form of the nano silver as metallic silver, since its particle is extremely small, large specific surface area is made it have Significant skin effect, quantum size effect and quantum tunneling effect, thus make nano silver that there is very strong activity and permeability, Its bactericidal effect is hundreds times of common silver.Nano silver is a kind of antibacterial agent, have stronger antibacterial, bactericidal effect and its The antibacterial activity of wide spectrum, the antibacterial effect that there is traditional inorganic antiseptic to be unable to reach, has no drug resistance, highly-safe.With anti- The bacterial drug resistance of raw element increasingly aggravates, and research and application of the nano silver in antibiotic and sterilizing field increasingly receive extensive pass Note.
But prepare in the prior art nano silver method exist substantially complex process and it is at high cost the problems such as, it is obtained Nano silver bad dispersibility, granularity is big and uneven, and stability difference etc. is to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of preparation side of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid is provided The preparation method of method and application, the nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid utilizes hydro-thermal method, using polyvinylpyrrolidone as protective agent, with glucose Direct-reduction silver nitrate prepares nano silver colloidal sol solution;Prepared in hydrothermal reaction kettle it is relatively easy, easily controllable, and close It is carried out in closure system, the volatilization of noxious material can be effectively prevented and prepares the substance to air-sensitive.Obtained nanometer Silver-colored antimicrobial fluid crystal property is preferable, and Nano silver grain is spherical shape, belongs to the nano silver of centroid cubic crystal system, dispersibility is preferable, particle Uniform particle diameter, for most of grain diameter in 20nm or so, stability is strong, can be widely applied to timber anti-biotic material, anti-bacterial fibre, Antimicrobial building material, antibiotic plastic.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of preparation method of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, packet Include following steps:
(1) 1g polyvinylpyrrolidone is dissolved in formation polyvinylpyrrolidone water in 20ml distilled water at room temperature It is molten;
(2) 0.1mol/L NaOH solution 10ml and 0.2mol/L are sequentially added in aqueous povidone solution Glucose solution 10ml, being sufficiently stirred with glass bar makes it be uniformly dispersed, and 0.05mol/L AgNO is then added3Solution 20ml, Become the reaction solution of black gray expandable;
(3) obtained reaction solution is transferred to using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as in the 100ml hydrothermal reaction kettle of liner, at 140 DEG C Lower airtight heating 6h, to after the reaction was completed, take out reaction solution from reaction kettle, make its cooled to room temperature;
(4) by reaction solution taking-up and with the revolving speed centrifugal treating of 8000rpm, most of organic matter in solvent is removed;
(5) it is repeatedly washed using distilled water as dispersing agent with detergent, obtains nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid.
Further, the distilled water in the step (1) is secondary distilled water.
In addition, the invention further relates to the application of nano-antibacterial liquid obtained by the preparation method of the nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, it should Nano-antibacterial liquid is applied to timber anti-biotic material, anti-bacterial fibre, antimicrobial building material, antibiotic plastic.
Anti-bacterial fibre: fiber can adsorb many microorganisms, such as bacterium, virus etc., these most of microorganisms are being suitable for At a temperature of, it can be proliferated quickly, thus various harm are generated to the mankind.Work as so adding antibacterial agent in the fibre and becoming Moderns pursue the demand of high-quality life.
Antimicrobial building material: the building materials such as antimicrobial building material such as antibiotic paint, anti-bacteria ceramic, antimicrobial sheet material are in hospital, supermarket, food Application in the environment more demanding to bacterium, mould bacterial content such as product warehouse, food field shows more and more important.Therefore by nothing Machine antimicrobial technology is introduced into building material product, will assign its antibacterial functions tool and has very important significance.
Antibiotic plastic: various plastic products in daily life are easily infected since temperature, humidity are suitable Bacterium and virus.Therefore developed country can be killed the bacterium stain on plastics within a certain period of time using antibacterial agent therein Extremely or inhibit its breeding, keeps itself clean state, reduce the cross contamination occurred because using plastic products.Oneself is in household electric It has obtained widely answering in the articles such as device, chemical building material product, telecom communication product, food packaging article and kitchen article, toy With.
In conclusion the preparation method of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid of the invention utilizes hydro-thermal method, it is with polyvinylpyrrolidone Protective agent prepares nano silver colloidal sol solution with glucose direct-reduction silver nitrate;It is prepared in hydrothermal reaction kettle relatively easy, easy It is carried out in control, and in a closed system, the volatilization of noxious material can be effectively prevented and prepares the object to air-sensitive Matter.Obtained nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid crystal property is preferable, and Nano silver grain is spherical shape, belongs to the nano silver of centroid cubic crystal system, Dispersed preferably grain diameter is uniform, and for most of grain diameter in 20nm or so, stability is strong, and it is anti-to can be widely applied to timber Bacterium material, anti-bacterial fibre, antimicrobial building material, antibiotic plastic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the XRD spectrum of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
An a kind of preparation method for nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, includes the following steps: described in the present embodiment 1
(1) 1g polyvinylpyrrolidone is dissolved in formation polyvinylpyrrolidone water in 20ml distilled water at room temperature It is molten;
(2) 0.1mol/L NaOH solution 10ml and 0.2mol/L are sequentially added in aqueous povidone solution Glucose solution 10ml, being sufficiently stirred with glass bar makes it be uniformly dispersed, and 0.05mol/L AgNO is then added3Solution 20ml, Become the reaction solution of black gray expandable;
(3) obtained reaction solution is transferred to using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as in the 100ml hydrothermal reaction kettle of liner, at 140 DEG C Lower airtight heating 6h, to after the reaction was completed, take out reaction solution from reaction kettle, make its cooled to room temperature;
(4) by reaction solution taking-up and with the revolving speed centrifugal treating of 8000rpm, most of organic matter in solvent is removed;
(5) it is repeatedly washed using distilled water as dispersing agent with detergent, obtains nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid.
In the present embodiment, the distilled water in the step (1) is secondary distilled water.
In addition, the invention further relates to the application of nano-antibacterial liquid obtained by the preparation method of the nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, it should Nano-antibacterial liquid is applied to timber anti-biotic material, anti-bacterial fibre, antimicrobial building material, antibiotic plastic.
Anti-bacterial fibre: fiber can adsorb many microorganisms, such as bacterium, virus etc., these most of microorganisms are being suitable for At a temperature of, it can be proliferated quickly, thus various harm are generated to the mankind.Work as so adding antibacterial agent in the fibre and becoming Moderns pursue the demand of high-quality life.
Antimicrobial building material: the building materials such as antimicrobial building material such as antibiotic paint, anti-bacteria ceramic, antimicrobial sheet material are in hospital, supermarket, food Application in the environment more demanding to bacterium, mould bacterial content such as product warehouse, food field shows more and more important.Therefore by nothing Machine antimicrobial technology is introduced into building material product, will assign its antibacterial functions tool and has very important significance.
Antibiotic plastic: various plastic products in daily life are easily infected since temperature, humidity are suitable Bacterium and virus.Therefore developed country can be killed the bacterium stain on plastics within a certain period of time using antibacterial agent therein Extremely or inhibit its breeding, keeps itself clean state, reduce the cross contamination occurred because using plastic products.Oneself is in household electric It has obtained widely answering in the articles such as device, chemical building material product, telecom communication product, food packaging article and kitchen article, toy With.
Fig. 1 is the XRD spectrum of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, in 1g PVP, the glucose of the NaOH of 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.05mol/L AgNO3Solution, temperature be 140 DEG C at hydro-thermal reaction 6h preparation condition under.As shown in Figure 1, nano silver is in 2 θ To there is 5 apparent absorption peaks at 38.10 °, 44.36 °, 64.47 °, 77.42 °, 81.30 °, the peak position of nano silver with Data are consistent on JCPDS card 04-0783, correspond respectively to (111), (200), (220), (311), (222) of cubic system silver Crystal face illustrates that sample is the elemental silver of centroid cubic crystal system;The curved diffraction peak is quite sharp, show sample crystallization performance compared with It is good.Using the XRD spectrum of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, the average-size for calculating nano silver particles crystal grain by Scherrer formula is big Small, the results are shown in Table 1.Table 1 the result shows that: crystallite dimension is calculated in 20nm or so in each crystal face.
The average grain size of 1 nano silver of table
Crystal face 111 200 220 311 222
D(nm) 20.02 21.43 20.02 19.34 20.67
Fig. 2 is in 1g PVP, the glucose of the NaOH of 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, the AgNO of 0.05mol/L3Solution, temperature Degree is the SEM figure that hydro-thermal reaction 6h prepares nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid at 140 DEG C.By Fig. 2, gained Nano silver grain is spherical shape, dispersion Property is preferable, and grain diameter is uniform, and most of grain diameter is in 20nm or so.This sample place 30d after, the shape of nano-silver powder and Partial size is there is no significantly changing, and also there is no significantly reuniting, what is obtained is still the good nano-silver powder of dispersion.It says The nano-silver powder of bright preparation has very strong stability.
In the forming process of nano silver, add surfactant, make its be adsorbed on nano-Ag particles surface make them it Between there are a kind of steric hindrance repulsion potential energy, potential barrier just will increase between such particle, to prevent particle agglomeration.In reaction temperature Degree is 140 DEG C, the glucose of 0.2mol/L, 0.05mol/L AgNO3 solution, under conditions of the reaction time is 6h, when being with PEG When dispersing agent, nano silver particles are reunited than more serious, and pattern is irregular, and particle is larger;When using PVA as dispersing agent constantly, particle Reunite more serious, is generated almost without the particle of complete pattern;When using CTAB as dispersing agent, the spheroidal nanometer of class is formd Silver, but grain diameter is larger while also having some particles reunion.It thus is seen that the presence of PVP is for spherical nano-silver pattern It is formed with significant impact.
Using PVP as dispersing agent, the glucose of 0.2mol/L, 0.05mol/L AgNO3Solution, reaction time 6h, instead Temperature is answered to have a significant impact the particle size and its pattern of nano silver.When temperature is lower, when being 50 DEG C, nucleation rate is relatively Height, growth rate is relatively low, causes gained nano-Ag particles pattern imperfect and reunites seriously, while partial size is smaller, only More than ten nanometers;When temperature is 100 DEG C, nano-Ag particles pattern tends towards stability, and only small part is reunited, and partial size is close to 20nm;Temperature When degree is 140 DEG C, to disperse uniform nano silver particles, partial size is in 20nm or so;When temperature is 200 DEG C, it is fiercer to react, The probability collided between particle increases, and causes to reunite than more serious, obtained nano-Ag particles partial size becomes larger and is distributed also not It is uniformly 30-50nm.
It is 140 DEG C in reaction temperature, the glucose of 0.2mol/L, 0.05mol/LAgNO3Solution, reaction time 6h, The concentration of NaOH has a significant impact to the formation of nano silver and its pattern, and the micro change of NaOH will cause nanoscale silver Very big variation.When the concentration of NaOH is zero, reaction speed is very slow, nucleation rate be less than growth rate, nano silver nucleus to Each crystal face growth, so that there are triangles for gained nano silver, hexagon is rodlike, the various patterns such as spherical shape;When the concentration of NaOH is When 0.025mol/L, reaction speed is accelerated, and nucleation rate is accordingly also accelerated, and the silver particles of small particle can be along the biggish silver in part Nucleating surface continued growth, the nano silver of formation are that particle diameter distribution is non-uniform discoid, and partial size is 100nm or so;Work as NaOH Concentration be 0.05mol/L when, nucleation and growth carries out simultaneously, obtains the uniform ball shaped nano Argent grain of particle diameter distribution, partial size Size is 50nm or so;When the concentration of NaOH is 0.1mol/L, atom has reached saturated concentration, nucleation speed in nucleation process Rate is greater than growth rate, obtains the ball shaped nano Argent grain that partial size is smaller and is evenly distributed, and particle size is 20nm or so;Continue Increase the concentration of NaOH when making its 0.15mol/L, due to nucleation rate too greatly and growth rate is too small that nano silver is caused to be reunited. To sum up described, when the concentration of NaOH is 0.1mol/L, obtained spherical nano-silver particle distribution is uniform, and partial size is minimum.
It is 140 DEG C in reaction temperature, the glucose of 0.2mol/L, 0.05mol/L AgNO3When solution, the reaction time is to receiving The formation of meter Yin has a great impact with pattern.As seen from the figure, reaction time 2h, nano silver particles are mostly small with nucleation stage Graininess exists, and pattern is irregular, and partial size is mostly in more than ten rans;Reaction time is 4h, the pattern of spherical nano silver More regular, particle diameter distribution is more uniform;Reaction time is 9h, and the silver particles of small particle continue along the biggish nucleating surface in part Growth, thus the nano-Ag particles size formed is extremely uneven;React 18h after, little particle partial size increase, partial size redistribution compared with Uniformly, it is possible thereby to infer during the reaction, with the continuity in reaction time, small particles tachyauxesis at big particle, with Reaction time continues to extend to 18h or more, and particle can constantly increase, and finally obtained particle size will reach unanimity, this is Due to joined dispersing agent PVP in experiment so that the little particle dispersion adhered in the larger particles of reunion, so that overall ruler It is very little to tend to be more uniform again.The result shows that selecting the reaction time preferable for 6h.
PVP is a kind of common high molecular surfactant, white or off-white powder or particle, is with hygroscopicity Runny powder, it is odorless, it is dissolved in water, alkali, acid and polar organic solvent, there is very strong dilatancy, it can be with multiclass substance network It closes, is widely used in the preparation process of nano silver particles, surfactant PVP can play dispersion and protection in the reaction Effect can inhibit the unconfined diffusion of nano silver particles and attachment in particle formation and growth course, control particle it is each to Anisotropic growth, thus have larger impact for the formation and pattern of nano silver particles.In AgNO3Concentration is 0.05mol/L, NaOH Concentration is 0.1mol/L, and reaction temperature is 140 DEG C, reaction time 6h, and when PVP is 0g, the silver particles of generation will occur Reunite, the aggregate pattern of formation is irregular;0.6g PVP is added, the nanoscale silver of generation is not single, and particle diameter distribution is uneven It is even;When 1.0gPVP is added, particle diameter distribution is uniform, is single dispersing ball nano silver;When 1.5g PVP is added, class ball is formed Shape nano silver particles, particle size is smaller but particle diameter distribution is uneven.It can therefrom learn with PVP increasing concentrations, particle ruler Very little smaller, dispersion effect is better, pattern closer to spherical, but with the increasing particle diameter distribution of concentration tend to less uniformly, because This selection 1.0g PVP is appropriate.
The formation of silver-colored crystal includes two processes of nucleation and crystal growth, and nucleation process needs certain degree of supersaturation to overcome table Face energy potential, nucleus growth process is then on the basis of nucleation early period, and the elemental silver newly restored is adsorbed on original nucleating surface And grow up, the two processes are existed simultaneously in dropwise addition AgNO3In the overall process of solution, but early period based on being nucleated, stage with Based on nucleus growth.When silver nitrate concentration is lower, if silver nitrate concentration is respectively 0.01mol/L, with the increasing of silver nitrate concentration Greatly, the silver-colored nucleus of generation increases, and degree of super saturation is relatively low, and nucleus growth speed is slower, therefore the nano silver generated The partial size of grain is smaller;As the increase of silver nitrate concentration, such as silver nitrate concentration are respectively 0.05mol/L growth rate with nucleation speed When rate is identical, reach saturation state, the nano silver partial size generated at this time is minimum;As silver nitrate concentration further increases, satiety Constantly increase with degree, maintains higher level so that the growth rate of silver-colored crystal is greater than nucleation rate, and therefore, generation is received The partial size of rice Argent grain is larger.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not making any form to technical solution of the present invention On limitation.According to the technical essence of the invention any simple modification to the above embodiments, equivalent variations and repair Decorations, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of preparation method of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid, which comprises the steps of:
(1) by 1g polyvinylpyrrolidone be dissolved at room temperature in 20ml distilled water formed polyvinylpyrrolidone it is water-soluble;
(2) grape of 0.1mol/L NaOH solution 10ml and 0.2mol/L is sequentially added in aqueous povidone solution Sugar juice 10ml, being sufficiently stirred with glass bar makes it be uniformly dispersed, and 0.05mol/L AgNO is then added3Solution 20ml, becomes The reaction solution of black gray expandable;
(3) obtained reaction solution is transferred to using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as in the 100ml hydrothermal reaction kettle of liner, it is close at 140 DEG C Heating 6h is closed, to after the reaction was completed, take out reaction solution from reaction kettle, make its cooled to room temperature;
(4) by reaction solution taking-up and with the revolving speed centrifugal treating of 8000rpm, most of organic matter in solvent is removed;
(5) it is repeatedly washed using distilled water as dispersing agent with detergent, obtains nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid.
2. a kind of preparation method of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1) Distilled water be secondary distilled water.
3. the application of nano-antibacterial liquid obtained by the preparation method of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Nano-antibacterial liquid is applied to timber anti-biotic material, anti-bacterial fibre, antimicrobial building material, antibiotic plastic.
CN201811495492.0A 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer silver antimicrobial liquid Pending CN109575359A (en)

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CN111804927A (en) * 2019-04-10 2020-10-23 近镒生技股份有限公司 Nano silver particle, porous material composition and preparation method thereof
CN112717197A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-04-30 合肥天太科技有限公司 Sterilizing and antiviral liquid dressing capable of inhibiting viruses and preparation method thereof
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CN114367316A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-04-19 桂林清研皓隆新材料有限公司 Composite photocatalyst, preparation method and application thereof, antibacterial liquid and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20190405