CN109574784A - A method of extracting lycopene from tomato peel - Google Patents
A method of extracting lycopene from tomato peel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109574784A CN109574784A CN201811636853.9A CN201811636853A CN109574784A CN 109574784 A CN109574784 A CN 109574784A CN 201811636853 A CN201811636853 A CN 201811636853A CN 109574784 A CN109574784 A CN 109574784A
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- lycopene
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- enzyme
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
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Abstract
A method of it extracting lycopene from tomato peel, comprising steps of (i) mixing dry tomato skin, buffer solution and pentosan complex enzyme, obtains mixed liquor I；(ii) mixed liquor I is heated to 20-65 DEG C of progress enzyme digestion reaction, obtains lycopene extracting solution；Wherein, the pH of the mixed liquor I is 4-6.Method extraction conditions of the invention are mild, can be reduced the decomposition of lycopene, and recovery rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of side that lycopene is extracted from tomato peel
Method.
Background technique
Tomato is mainly used for the processing of catsup, in the refining stage of catsup, the broken tomato out of refiner
The skin seed yield that discharge is separated in juice accounts for 3% of raw material or so.China is large agricultural country, and current year processing tomato amount is about
9000000 tons, the skin slag generated is about 300,000 tons.Tomato peel rich in nutrition content, wherein fat content account for 8%~10%,
Protein content accounts for 20%~30%, crude fiber content and accounts for 50%~60%, is a kind of excellent food ingredient.Tomato at this stage
The main processing means of skin slag are to fail to make full use of its value as animal feed after directly air-drying.Lycopene is class Hu
One kind of radish element, is primarily present in the foods such as tomato, watermelon, red grapefruit, pawpaw, guava, wherein in tomato
Content highest.Lycopene has different physiological roles to human body, and referred to as " plant gold ", it has anti-oxidant, reduction core
Sour damage, suppressor mutation, reduction cardiovascular disease occurs and the effect of the various biologicals such as pre- anti-cancer, supplements lycopene
Skin can be made to possess resistance UV radianting capacity from inside to outside, effectively avoid exposure to caused skin damage under ultraviolet light.Kind
The content of lycopene is about 20-50mg/100g in eggplant skin slag, if this part lycopene can be extracted by benefit to the greatest extent
With the economic benefit of tomato industry will be increased substantially.
In order to release the lycopene in tomato peel to the full extent, there are acid system, alkaline process and enzyme process pair at present
Skin slag is modified, but lycopene light, thermal stability are poor, more sensitive to environmental change, and treatment conditions are improper can to make it
Property deterioration even generates toxic side effect to human body.Therefore, a kind of mild efficiently from tomato skin there is an urgent need in the art to develop
The method of lycopene is extracted in slag.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mild conditions, the high side that lycopene is extracted from tomato peel of recovery rate
Method.
First aspect present invention provides a kind of method that lycopene is extracted from tomato peel, which is characterized in that packet
Include step:
(i) dry tomato skin, buffer solution and pentosan complex enzyme are mixed, obtains mixed liquor I；
(ii) mixed liquor I is heated to 20-65 DEG C of progress enzyme digestion reaction, obtains lycopene extracting solution；
Wherein, the pH of the mixed liquor I is 4-6.
In another preferred example, it before the step (i), further comprises the steps of:
(i-1) tomato skin is dry, crushing, sieving, obtain tomato skin fine powder, and tomato skin fine powder is then carried out step
(i)。
In another preferred example, the drying means of the tomato skin include: freeze-drying, normal pressure drying, spray drying or
A combination thereof.
In another preferred example, the breaking method include: grind, air-flow crushing, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, the sieving is 40-70 mesh, preferably 45-65 mesh, is more preferably 50-60 mesh.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme includes: arabanase, cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase,
Hemicellulase, zytase, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme includes: arabanase, cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase,
Hemicellulase and zytase.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme is Viscozyme L.
In another preferred example, the enzyme activity of the pentosan complex enzyme is 50-150FBG/g, preferably, 80-120FBG/
G, more preferably, 100-120FBG/g.
In another preferred example, the buffer solution is citric acid/sodium citrate buffer solution, disodium hydrogen phosphate/lemon
Acid buffer.
In another preferred example, the pH of the mixed liquor I is 5.0-6.0, preferably, 5.5-6.0.
In another preferred example, the mass volume ratio (g/mL) of the dry tomato skin and the buffer solution is 1:5-
30, preferably, 1:8-20, more preferably, 1:10-15.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme additive amount and the mass ratio of dry tomato skin are 1%-25%,
Preferably, 5%-20%, more preferably, 5-15%, most preferably, 5-10%.
In another preferred example, the heating temperature is 30 DEG C -55 DEG C, preferably, 40-50 DEG C.
In another preferred example, the heating time is 5min-60min, preferably, 15-45min, more preferably, 25-
45min。
In another preferred example, the heating carries out under agitation.
In another preferred example, the method carries out under the conditions of being protected from light.
It should be understood that above-mentioned each technical characteristic of the invention and having in below (eg embodiment) within the scope of the present invention
It can be combined with each other between each technical characteristic of body description, to form a new or preferred technical solution.As space is limited, exist
This no longer tires out one by one states.
Specific embodiment
The present inventor after extensive and in-depth study, by largely screening and testing, uses pentosan complex enzyme for the first time
Tomato peel is handled, to extract lycopene, it is surprising that lycopene extraction method of the invention, lycopene
It is high from intracellular dissolution rate, and mild condition, it can be reduced the decomposition of lycopene, the tomato red compared with common acid system, alkaline process
Plain recovery rate improves 20%-78%, significant effect.The present invention is completed on this basis.
Term
Unless otherwise defined, whole technical terms and scientific terms used herein all have as belonging to the present invention
The normally understood identical meanings of field those of ordinary skill.
Pentosan complex enzyme
Pentosan complex enzyme is a kind of compound carbohydrase of non-starch, containing arabanase, cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase,
Complex enzyme including hemicellulase and zytase, it is poly- to araban, cellulose, beta glucan, hemicellulose and wood
The Multiple components such as sugar have degradation, be it is a kind of when decomposing cell wall to extract useful component from plant tissue and
The specific enzymes used when treating grain and vegetables material.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme includes: arabanase, cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase,
Hemicellulase, zytase, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme includes: arabanase, cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase,
Hemicellulase and zytase.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme is Viscozyme L.
In another preferred example, the enzyme activity of the pentosan complex enzyme is 50-150FBG/g, preferably, 80-120FBG/
G, more preferably, 100-120FBG/g.
Extracting method
1. a kind of method that lycopene is extracted from tomato peel, comprising steps of
(i) dry tomato skin, buffer solution and pentosan complex enzyme are mixed, obtains mixed liquor I；
(ii) mixed liquor I is heated to 20-65 DEG C of progress enzyme digestion reaction, obtains lycopene extracting solution；
Wherein, the pH of the mixed liquor I is 4-6.
In another preferred example, it before the step (i), further comprises the steps of:
(i-1) tomato skin is dry, crushing, sieving, obtain tomato skin fine powder, and tomato skin fine powder is then carried out step
(i)。
In another preferred example, the pH of the mixed liquor I is 5.0-6.0, preferably, 5.5-6.0.
In another preferred example, the mass volume ratio (g/mL) of the dry tomato skin and the buffer solution is 1:5-
30, preferably, 1:8-20, more preferably, 1:10-15.
In another preferred example, the pentosan complex enzyme additive amount and the mass ratio of dry tomato skin are 1%-25%,
Preferably, 5%-20%, more preferably, 5-15%, most preferably, 5-10%.
In another preferred example, the heating temperature is 30 DEG C -55 DEG C, preferably, 40-50 DEG C.
In another preferred example, the heating time is 5min-60min, preferably, 15-45min, more preferably, 25-
45min。
In another preferred example, the heating carries out under agitation.
In another preferred example, the method carries out under the conditions of being protected from light.
In method of the invention, the pentosan complex enzyme can be also used together with other enzymes, including but not limited to: pectin
Enzyme, amylase, lipase, phytase, protease etc..
Main advantages of the present invention include:
1. method of the invention uses the compound enzymatic treatment tomato peel of pentosan for the first time, to extract lycopene.
2. method of the invention is a kind of modification easy to operate, safe and efficient, without using large-scale instrument and noresidue
Method, it improves the dissolution of cell Dissolve things inside, and condition temperature by the pectin and cellulose substances in degradation cell-wall components
With the structure of lycopene will not be destroyed, so that lycopene content be made in tomato peel extracting solution to improve.
3. method of the invention, lycopene improves 20%-78%, significant effect compared with acid hair, alkaline process.
4. method of the invention effectively utilizes tomato food processing waste tomato peel, tomato skin is improved
The utility value of slag alleviates tomato processing waste pressure caused by environment.
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, usually according to conventional strip
Part, or according to the normal condition proposed by manufacturer.Unless otherwise stated, otherwise percentage and number are weight percent and weight
Number.
Detection method and reagent
1. lycopene measures:
(1) lycopene extracting solution described in 1mL is taken, 3mL chloroform is added, is vortexed, ultrasonic 20min is protected from light, in 4500rmp, 5
It is centrifuged 5min under the conditions of DEG C, draws organic layer, repeat to be added operation after chloroform three times, merge organic phase, nitrogen is blown to dry, adds
Enter 2mL MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE)), 0.2mL or so is taken to cross 0.22 μm of organic pin type chimney filter, carries out HPLC detection.
(2) 1260 type highly effective liquid phase chromatographic system of Agilent is used, gradient method is shown in Table 1.
Chromatographic column: YMC Carotenoid C30 150 × 4.6mm, 5 μm；Sample volume: 10 μ L；Column temperature: 30 DEG C；When analysis
Between: 15min；Mobile phase: A MTBE, B are methanol；Flow velocity: 0.7mL/min；Detector: Agilent G1351D1260 type two
Pole pipe array detector；It is arranged Detection wavelength 470nm (lycopene).
The gradient elution method of 1 HPLC of table measurement lycopene
2. reagent:
Pentosan complex enzyme: Viscozyme L is purchased from Novozymes Company；The main composition enzyme of the complex enzyme has: Arabic
Dextranase, cellulase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, hemicellulase, zytase.Viscozyme L enzyme be it is liquid, density is
1.21g/mL, enzyme activity 100FBG/g.
Embodiment 1-9
Orthogonal test
Using L9 (34) orthogonal arrage carry out orthogonal test, concrete mode is as follows, in embodiment 1-9 each factor according to table 2 into
Row replacement.
Tomato peel is lyophilized, grinds and crosses 60 meshes, obtain tomato skin powder 1.
0.1g tomato skin powder 1 is weighed in centrifuge tube, the citric acid/sodium citrate buffer that 1mL pH is C is added, is vortexed
It is fully dissolved in sample in buffer, the Viscozyme L enzyme of material quality A% is added in each centrifuge tube respectively, adds
Enter rotor, is vortexed and mixes, centrifuge tube is protected from light magnetic agitation D min in the water-bath for be placed on B DEG C.
Wherein, Viscozyme L enzyme is liquid, density 1.21g/mL, enzyme activity 100FBG/g, Viscozyme L
Enzyme additive amount is calculated according to the quality of tomato skin powder 1: enzyme amount (μ L)=1 mass of tomato skin powder × percentage/density ×
103, i.e. 0.1g × A%/1.21g/mL × 103=0.83A μ L
It is detected using HPLC and surveys lycopene content in extracting solution.
2 factor level table of table
Orthogonal experiments
Table 3 digests the orthogonal experiments and analysis that tomato peel extracts lycopene
PH is most important influence factor it can be seen from orthogonal experiments, is secondly temperature, time effects degree is most
Small, obtained optimal modified condition is temperature 45 C, pH6.0, enzyme amount 5%, reaction time 35min.
Comparative example 1
HCl- ethanol modifier method
0.1g tomato skin powder 1 is weighed respectively in centrifuge tube, prepares the HCl- ethanol solution that pH is 3,4,5, and by solution
It is added in sample by the solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, rotor is added, be vortexed and mix, 15min, measurement kind are reacted at room temperature after centrifuge tube is protected from light
Lycopene content.Control group: the Aqua pure extract of equivalent is added.
The results show that acid condition has a certain impact to lycopene burst size, when pH is 4, lycopene burst size is most
Low, although acid condition can change the structure of tomato skin conducive to lycopene dissolution, lower pH is also unfavorable for tomato red
Itself stabilization of element, easily decomposes and isomerization, so acid system is modified to be not suitable for the best approach modified as tomato skin.
The HCl- ethanol solution of 4 difference pH of table handles the influence to lycopene release in tomato peel
Comparative example 2
Alkaline hydrogen peroxide is modified method
0.1g tomato skin powder 1 is weighed respectively in centrifuge tube, prepares the H that pH is 9,10,112O2NaOH solution, and will be molten
Liquid is added in sample by the solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, and rotor is added, and is vortexed and is mixed, 15min is reacted at room temperature after centrifuge tube is protected from light, and is measured
Lycopene content.Control group: the Aqua pure extract of equivalent is added.
The results show that alkaline process modification can moderately improve the burst size of lycopene, but with the raising of pH, lycopene contains
Amount gradually decreases, and lycopene is poor in alkali condition stability inferior excessively, although burst size improves, is just decomposed or occurs quickly
Isomerization, therefore the modified best approach for being not suitable for being modified as tomato skin of alkaline process.
The H of 5 difference pH of table2O2Influence of the NaOH solution processing to lycopene release in tomato peel
To sum up, the compound enzymatic treatment tomato peel of pentosan of the invention, compared with HCl- ethanol modifier tomato skin, extracting solution
The concentration of middle lycopene improves 30%-78%.
The compound enzymatic treatment of pentosan of the invention handles tomato peel, with H2O2The modified tomato skin of-NaOH is compared, extracting solution
The concentration of middle lycopene improves 20%-63%.
Lycopene is unstable, and pH value, temperature are excessively harsh all to lead to its decomposition or isomery, and recovery rate is caused to drop
It is low, and the method for the compound enzymatic treatment tomato peel of pentosan of the invention, mild condition, it can be reduced the decomposition of lycopene, show
Write the recovery rate for improving lycopene.
All references mentioned in the present invention is incorporated herein by reference, independent just as each document
It is incorporated as with reference to such.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the above teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can
To make various changes or modifications to the present invention, such equivalent forms equally fall within model defined by the application the appended claims
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for extracting lycopene from tomato peel, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
(i) dry tomato skin, buffer solution and pentosan complex enzyme are mixed, obtains mixed liquor I；
(ii) mixed liquor I is heated to 20-65 DEG C of progress enzyme digestion reaction, obtains lycopene extracting solution；
Wherein, the pH of the mixed liquor I is 4-6.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that before the step (i), further comprise the steps of:
(i-1) tomato skin is dry, crushing, sieving, obtain tomato skin fine powder, and tomato skin fine powder is then carried out step (i).
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pentosan complex enzyme includes: arabanase, fiber
Plain enzyme, 1,4 beta-glucanase, hemicellulase, zytase, or combinations thereof.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the enzyme activity of the pentosan complex enzyme is 50-150FBG/g, compared with
Goodly, 80-120FBG/g, more preferably, 100-120FBG/g.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the buffer solution be citric acid/sodium citrate buffer solution,
Disodium hydrogen phosphate/citrate buffer solution.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pH of the mixed liquor I is 5.0-6.0, preferably, 5.5-
6.0。
7. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the quality volume of the dry tomato skin and the buffer solution
It is 1:5-30 than (g/mL), preferably, 1:8-20, more preferably, 1:10-15.
8. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the matter of the pentosan complex enzyme additive amount and dry tomato skin
Amount is than being 1%-25%, preferably, 5%-20%, more preferably, 5-15%, most preferably, 5-10%.
9. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating temperature is 30 DEG C -55 DEG C, preferably, 40-50
℃。
10. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating time is 5min-60min, preferably, 15-
45min, more preferably, 25-45min.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101298618A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-05 | 上海博翼有机农业技术发展有限公司 | Method for extracting lycopene from tomato pomace |
| CN104561220A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 成都普思生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing tomatidine through cellulose hydrolysis of tomato branches and leaves |
| CN104938978A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-30 | 新疆红帆生物科技有限公司 | Pretreatment method of tomato peel and application |
| CN105942327A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-21 | 江南大学 | Tomato powder product characterized by three highs of lycopene and preparation method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201811636853.9A patent/CN109574784B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101298618A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-05 | 上海博翼有机农业技术发展有限公司 | Method for extracting lycopene from tomato pomace |
| CN104561220A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 成都普思生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing tomatidine through cellulose hydrolysis of tomato branches and leaves |
| CN104938978A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-30 | 新疆红帆生物科技有限公司 | Pretreatment method of tomato peel and application |
| CN105942327A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-21 | 江南大学 | Tomato powder product characterized by three highs of lycopene and preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| ANTONIO ZUORRO等: "《Enzyme-assisted extraction of lycopene from tomato processing waste》", 《ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY》 * |
| RAHUL C. RANVEER等: "《Effect of different parameters on enzyme-assisted extraction of lycopene from tomato processing waste》", 《FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING》 * |
| ROBERTO LAVECCHIA和ANTONIO ZUORRO: "《Improved lycopene extraction from tomato peels using cell-wall degrading enzymes》", 《EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY》 * |
| SHEETAL M. CHOUDHARI和LAXMI ANANTHANARAYAN: "《Enzyme aided extraction of lycopene from tomato tissues》", 《FOOD CHEMISTRY》 * |
| STEFANO CUCCOLINI等: "《Environmentally Friendly Lycopene Purification from Tomato Peel Waste: Enzymatic Assisted Aqueous Extraction》", 《JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY》 * |
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