CN109567936A - A kind of brain machine interface system and implementation method paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology - Google Patents
A kind of brain machine interface system and implementation method paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of brain machine interface systems and implementation method paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology, and being technically characterized by comprising the steps as follows: brain machine interface system includes Auditory Stimulator module, signal acquisition module, signal processing module, execution module；Auditory Stimulator module can generate simultaneously the sound source of multi-frequency, multiple sound channels, and be distributed over the different location of virtual auditory space；Each sound source is controlled by same M sequence, sound source sounding when M sequence is 1, not sounding when being 0；Signal acquisition module collects the mixing electricity physiological signal of auditory response by sensor, and carries out signal amplification and analog/digital conversion；Signal processing module will mix electricity physiological signal and M sequence carries out quick cross-correlation calculation, obtain the corresponding auditory response signal of each sound source；Then characteristics extraction is carried out to the auditory response signal of each sound source, classified by identification and classification module to feature vector, the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed is decoded, so that it is determined that subject is thought in the heart, and then execution module is controlled and executes corresponding movement.
Description
Technical field:
The invention discloses a kind of brain machine interface systems and implementation method paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology, belong to
The technical field that neuro-cognitive science, information processing, automation control intersect.
Background technique:
Brain-computer interface is one of the heat subject of current neuroengineering research.Brain-machine be human brain and computer or its
Direct exchange and control channel are established between its electronic equipment.By this channel, people can be directly by brain come table
Up to idea or equipment is grasped, without the movement by language or limbs.
Those are completely lost with the patient of peripheral nerve muscle control ability, to control external environment, such as
Brain signal, must be interpreted to corresponding control command by the electrical equipment around controlling.Generate specific brain control signal
Method it is more, can substantially be divided into independent or dependent two classes.The brain control signal that dependent mode generates refers to
Subject generated the EEG signals with certain feature receiving certain outside stimulus later, as detected stable state based on scalp
Visual evoked potential (SSVEP) may be used to realize brain-computer interface；And it is so-called it is independent generate brain control signal then refer to by
Examination person adjusts certain rhythm and pace of moving things ingredients in brain electricity by self-consciousness, or has by processes such as imagination motion processes to generate
The EEG signals of certain feature can pass through such as the brain-computer interface system that medical college, Tsinghua University nerve Graduate School of Engineering is developed
System is played soccer with " thinking ".But the decoding difficulty of signal information contained is big in which, and individual difference is also big.
In the auditory system of people, there is the sense of hearings to pay attention to phenomenon: when the sense of hearing of people focuses on when a certain things, meaning
Knowledge forecloses some unrelated sonic stimulations, and it is unconscious supervise extraneous stimulation, once some special stimulations and oneself
It is related, it can arouse attention immediately.Phenomenon present in this sense of hearing processing, which is called, does " cocktail party " effect, because being common in wine
It can go up and gain the name.Such as in various a riot of sound cocktail parties, there is the collision of musical sound, Conversation Voice, footsteps, wineglass tableware
Sound etc., when someone focus in appreciating music or others' talk, when turning a deaf ear to the noisy sound of surrounding, if another
Someone mentions his name at one, he can be reacted immediately, perhaps looks towards speaker or pays attention to saying below speaker
Words etc..Subject can identify the speaker being noted with sound source position and spectral cues immediately, by information storage and cortex,
Then this information is constantly updated.
About auditory information treatment mechanism, Auditory Pathway has two, and brain makees the spatial information of the sense of hearing and content information
It gives two trucks respectively for two relatively independent parts to be processed, i.e. " where " access and " what " access, point
Where what (including the information such as frequency, intensity and length) (spatial information) and sound are to other places reason sound.Magneticencephalogram is ground
Study carefully the also early 30ms of activation of the activation compared with " what " access or so it is also shown that " where " access, ensures that whole sound
Sound stimulation carries out global rough processing, and then stimulates critical sound and carry out local detail analysis.The wherein selectivity of the sense of hearing
Pay attention to playing crucial regulating and controlling effect.
According to a large amount of physiological Study as a result, being that there is differences in the current potential paid attention to and the sonic stimulation of non-attention induces
's.The space transforms of the sense of hearing pay attention to handling access difference with other features, can use spatial distribution, sound is distributed in space
Different direction, enable subject be focused on a certain orientation, and ignore other orientation, pass through the control of " from top to bottom "
System carries out selective processing to target and non-targeted signal, and this selectivity processing can embody in the signal processing in later period
Come, as differentiation target and a non-targeted characteristic signal.Pulse M sequence and mutual technology were once used for auditory brainstem and induce electricity
The extraction of position other than it can extract first kernel response waveform, can also extract high-order compared with traditional brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP
Response waveform.Meanwhile single order and high-order auditory response waveform that pulse M sequence and mutual technology extract, also have anti-interference
The strong feature of ability
In conclusion the electro physiology feature paid attention to according to the sense of hearing of people's auditory system can be used in conjunction with multifocal electrophysiological technique
In the control of brain-computer interface: can be by auditory attention if subject wants to execute a certain operation using mentioned-above system
The sound that the corresponding a certain frequency acoustic source of control operation issues is focused on, then the auditory response that the sound source stimulates
The amplitude of waveform or incubation period will accordingly change.Computer is by noticing that caused electricity physiological signal variation is sentenced to the sense of hearing
It is disconnected, it may be determined that subject is thought in the heart, thereby executing corresponding control action.
Summary of the invention:
The electro physiology feature that the present invention pays attention to according to the sense of hearing of people, in conjunction with multifocal electrophysiological technique, from the angle of auditory channel
Degree proposes the control system and method for a kind of brain-computer interface, the patient that can be damaged for visual function establish one it is new and extraneous hand over
The channel of stream.Due to the sense of hearing pay attention to generate Auditory eletrophysiology signal variation be for people it is generally existing, can be preferable
Solve the problems, such as individual difference present in brain-computer interface technology, while this method is noninvasive, lossless to people.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of is paid attention to and multifocal electro physiology based on the sense of hearing
Brain machine interface system and implementation method.
A kind of brain machine interface system paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology, including Auditory Stimulator module, signal are adopted
Collect module, signal processing module, execution module；The Auditory Stimulator module is for stimulating subject to generate brainstem auditory evoked electricity
Position；The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the mixing electricity physiological signal that each sound source induces the auditory evoked potential generated；
The signal processing module separates the single order and high-order waveform of the corresponding auditory response of each sound source, and carry out feature extraction and
Classification, decodes the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed；The execution module is connected with signal processing module, sentences for classifying
The execution of disconnected result.
Preferably, which can generate the sound source of multi-frequency, multiple sound channels simultaneously, and selection is suitable
These sound sources are distributed in the different location of virtual auditory space by algorithmic function；Subject is received by earphone has space
The auditory stimulation of solid distribution sense, the property of can choose pay attention to the sound source of different spatial.
Preferably, which includes the sensor extracted for electricity physiological signal, biological small-signal amplification
The conversion module of device, analog signal to digital signal；The acquisition of auditory response signal only needs three skin electrodes as sensor,
Ground electrode is mounted on forehead center, negative electrode is placed on mastoid process after ear, and positive electrode is placed overhead；Skin electrode extracts mixed
After electricity physiological signal is closed by biological small signal amplifier amplification, filtering, signal processing is sent into after analog/digital conversion
Module is further analyzed processing by signal processing module.
Preferably, the mixing electricity physiological signal and M sequence that signal processing module obtains signal acquisition module carry out quick
Cross-correlation calculation, to obtain the corresponding auditory response signal of each sound source；In the case where same stimulation, the sense of hearing is noticed
The corresponding auditory evoked potential characteristic point of sound source incubation period and the characteristic values such as amplitude have significant change；Pass through identification and classification
Module classifies to feature vector, decodes the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed.
Preferably, different sound sources represents different meanings, thereby executing corresponding operation.Signal processing by pair
The judgement of the variation of electricity physiological signal caused by the sense of hearing pays attention to, it may be determined that the sound source that the sense of hearing is noticed, so that it is determined that subject's heart
It is middle to be thought, and then control execution module and execute corresponding movement.
A kind of implementation method paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with the brain machine interface system of multifocal electro physiology, comprising the following steps:
(1) Auditory Stimulator module generates multiple sound sources, and each sound source frequency is pure tone, and sound frequency is successively passed
Increase；Suitable algorithmic function is selected, these sound sources are distributed in the different location of virtual auditory space.
(2) each sound source of Auditory Stimulator is modulated using M sequence in Auditory Stimulator module, controls sound
The sounding in source: sound source sounding when M sequence is 1, not sounding when being 0；Each sound source is controlled by same M sequence, but when starting
Difference is carved, equal time interval is successively lagged；Each sound source need to execute one or more complete M sequence circulations.
(3) Auditory Stimulator module carries out sonic stimulation to subject by earphone, and the sound source of different frequency is to being examined
The auditory sensor (hair cell) of different parts carries out the stimulation of equivalent in person's cochlea.
(4) signal acquisition module collects the mixing electricity physiological signal of auditory response by sensor, and carries out signal
Amplification and analog/digital conversion.
(5) signal processing module pre-processes the mixing electricity physiological signal collected, eliminates the interference such as alternating current letter
Number, it then will mix electricity physiological signal and M sequence carries out quick cross-correlation calculation, and obtain the corresponding auditory response of each sound source
Signal；The auditory response single order and higher order signal of each sound source are uniformly spacedly distributed in the cycle period of M sequence.
(6) characteristics extraction is carried out to the auditory response signal of each sound source, by identification and classification module to feature to
Amount is classified, and the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed is decoded.
(7) signal processing module is connected with execution module；Different sound sources represents different meanings, signal processing mould
Block decodes the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed, so that it is determined that subject is thought in the heart, and then controls execution module and executes
Corresponding movement.
Moreover, the specific implementation steps are as follows for the step (6):
(1) single order and high-order waveform that each sound source corresponds to auditory response are intercepted；
(2) incubation period of the characteristic point of the single order to each sound source and high-order waveform and amplitude carry out feature extraction, obtain
Obtain feature vector；
(3) signal processing module classifies to feature vector by identification and classification module, decodes subject's sense of hearing note
The sound source anticipated.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) the electro physiology feature paid attention to according to the sense of hearing of people proposes a kind of brain-computer interface system from the angle of auditory channel
And implementation method, the patient that can be damaged for visual function establish the new channel exchanged with the external world；Since the sense of hearing pays attention to generating
Auditory eletrophysiology signal variation be for people it is generally existing, can preferably solve present in brain-computer interface technology
Individual difference problem, while this method is noninvasive, lossless to people.
(2) multifocal electrophysiological technique is used, controls each sound source with same M sequence, stimulation time is identical, only originates
Moment lag, it is ensured that each sound source is equal to the stimulation of auditory system, it is ensured that the corresponding sense of hearing of each sound source
The single order of reaction and the difference of high-order waveform more derive from the sense of hearing and pay attention to.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into
The detailed description of one step, in which:
Fig. 1 is brain-computer interface control system block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Auditory Stimulator module frame chart；
Fig. 3 be Auditory Stimulator module in each sound source M sequence initial time schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that each sound source corresponds to auditory response single order and the separation of high-order waveform；
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more explicit, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples into
One step is described in detail.It should be understood that application of the invention is not limited to following citings, one of skill in the art is come
It says, it can be modified or changed according to the above description, and all these modifications and variations belong to appended claims of the present invention
Protection scope.
This application involves a kind of paid attention to the brain machine interface system of multifocal electro physiology based on the sense of hearing as shown in Figure 1, system
100 include Auditory Stimulator module 101, headphone 102, skin electrode 103, signal acquisition module 104, signal processing mould
Block 105, execution module 106.
In Fig. 1, the Auditory Stimulator module 101 carries out sonic stimulation to subject by headphone 102；It is described
Signal acquisition module 104 acquires the mixing electro physiology letter for the auditory evoked potential that sound source stimulation generates by skin electrode 103
Number, and carry out signal amplification and analog/digital signal conversion；It is corresponding that the signal processing module 105 separates each sound source
The single order and high-order waveform of auditory response, and feature extraction and classification are carried out, decode the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed；
The execution module 106 is connected with signal processing module, the execution for judging result of classifying.
A kind of implementation method paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with the brain machine interface system of multifocal electro physiology, comprising the following steps:
(1) Fig. 2 show the Virtual Space Auditory Stimulator schematic diagram of multi-frequency, more sound sources；Select suitable algorithm letter
Number, by Auditory Stimulator module control earphone generate multiple Virtual Sound sources of sound 1,2 ..., N, and sound source is distributed in virtual sky
Between different location.
(2) Fig. 4 show Auditory Stimulator module and generates multiple sound sources by earphone, and each sound source frequency is pure
Sound, sound source 1,2 ..., the sound frequency of N it is incremented by successively；Each sound source of Auditory Stimulator is adjusted using M sequence again
System, controls the sounding of sound source: sound source sounding when M sequence is 1, not sounding when being 0；Fig. 3 illustrates each sound source by same M
Sequence control, but initial time is different, successively lags equal time interval, TkMiddle k=1,2 ..., a certain number in N, Tk
Indicate the starting point of the corresponding M sequence of k-th of sound source of modulation；Each sound source is controlled by M sequence, need to execute one or more
Complete M sequence circulation.
(3) Auditory Stimulator carries out sonic stimulation to subject by earphone, and the sound source of different frequency is to subject's ear
The auditory sensor (hair cell) of different parts is stimulated in snail.Subject is received by earphone has space multistory distribution sense
Auditory stimulation, the property of can choose pays attention to the sound source of different spatial, alternative sounds frequency.
(4) signal acquisition module collects the mixing electricity physiological signal of auditory response by skin electrode.Signal is adopted
Collection only needs three skin electrodes, and ground electrode is mounted on forehead center, negative electrode is placed on mastoid process after ear, and positive electrode is placed on head
Top.After the mixing electricity physiological signal that skin electrode extracts passes through biological small signal amplifier amplification, filtering, by simulation/
It is sent into signal processing module after number conversion, processing is further analyzed by signal processing module.
(5) signal processing module pre-processes the mixing electricity physiological signal collected, the interference such as removal alternating current, so
Electricity physiological signal will be mixed afterwards and M sequence carries out quick cross-correlation calculation, obtain the corresponding auditory response signal of each sound source,
The auditory response single order and higher order signal waveform of each sound source are uniformly spacedly distributed in the cycle period of M sequence, such as Fig. 4
It is shown.
(6) single order and high-order waveform that each sound source corresponds to auditory response are intercepted；To the feature of single order and high-order waveform
The incubation period of point and amplitude carry out feature extraction, obtain feature vector；Signal processing module is by identification and classification module to feature
Vector is classified, and the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed is decoded.
(7) signal processing module is connected with execution module；Different sound sources represents different meanings, signal processing mould
Block decodes the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed, so that it is determined that subject is thought in the heart, and then controls execution module and executes
Corresponding movement.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of brain machine interface system paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology, it is characterised in that system is by Auditory Stimulator mould
Four block, signal acquisition module, signal processing module, execution module parts are constituted.
2. a kind of brain machine interface system paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology according to claim 1, feature are existed
The sound source of multi-frequency, multiple sound channels can be generated simultaneously in Auditory Stimulator module, and be distributed over virtual auditory space
Different location；Subject receives the auditory stimulation with space multistory distribution sense by earphone, and the property of can choose pays attention to difference
The sound source of spatial position.
3. a kind of brain machine interface system paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology according to claim 1, feature are existed
In sensor, biological small signal amplifier, analog signal to number that signal acquisition module includes for electricity physiological signal extraction
The conversion module of word signal；The mixing electricity physiological signal that skin electrode extracts passes through biological small signal amplifier amplification, filter
After wave, signal processing module is sent into after analog/digital conversion.
4. a kind of brain machine interface system paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology according to claim 1, feature are existed
Quick cross-correlation calculation is carried out in the mixing electricity physiological signal and M sequence that signal processing module obtains signal acquisition module, from
And obtain the corresponding auditory response signal of each sound source；Single order and high-order waveform to auditory response signal carry out characteristic value and mention
It takes, obtains feature vector；Classified by identification and classification module to feature vector, decodes the sound that subject's sense of hearing is noticed
Source of sound.
5. a kind of brain machine interface system paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with multifocal electro physiology according to claim 1, feature are existed
Be connected in execution module with signal processing module, the sound source that the sense of hearing is noticed determined according to signal processing module, judge by
Examination person is thought in the heart, and then is controlled execution module and executed corresponding movement.
6. it is a kind of as it is described in any one of claim 1 to 5 paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with the brain machine interface system of multifocal electro physiology
Implementation method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) Auditory Stimulator module generates multiple sound sources, and each sound source frequency is pure tone, and sound frequency is incremented by successively, and
These sound sources are distributed in the different location of virtual auditory space.
(2) Auditory Stimulator module is modulated each sound source of Auditory Stimulator using M sequence, controls the hair of sound source
Sound；Each sound source is controlled by same M sequence, but initial time is different, successively lags equal time interval；Each sound source
One or more complete M sequence circulations need to be executed.
(3) Auditory Stimulator carries out sonic stimulation to subject by earphone, and the sound source of different frequency is in subject's cochlea
The auditory sensor of different parts carries out the stimulation of equivalent.
(4) signal acquisition module collects the mixing electricity physiological signal of auditory response by sensor, and carries out putting for signal
Big and analog/digital conversion.
(5) signal processing module pre-processes the mixing electricity physiological signal collected, then will mix electricity physiological signal
Quick cross-correlation calculation is carried out with M sequence, obtains the corresponding auditory response signal of each sound source；The sense of hearing of each sound source is anti-
Single order and higher order signal waveform is answered uniformly to be spacedly distributed in the cycle period of M sequence.
(6) characteristics extraction is carried out to the auditory response signal of each sound source, obtains feature vector, passes through identification and classification module
Classify to feature vector, decodes the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed.
(7) signal processing module decodes the sound source that subject's sense of hearing is noticed, so that it is determined that subject is thought in the heart, in turn
It controls execution module and executes corresponding movement.
The implementation method according to claim 6 paid attention to based on the sense of hearing with the brain-computer interface control system of multifocal electro physiology,
It is characterized by: the specific implementation steps are as follows for the step (6):
(1) single order and high-order waveform that each sound source corresponds to auditory response are intercepted；
(2) characteristics extraction is carried out to the incubation period of the characteristic point of the single order of auditory response and high-order waveform and amplitude, obtained special
Levy vector；
(3) signal processing module classifies to feature vector by identification and classification module, decodes subject's sense of hearing and notices
Sound source.
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