CN109567932B - Laser treatment system using thulium-doped optical fiber - Google Patents
Laser treatment system using thulium-doped optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109567932B CN109567932B CN201811494092.8A CN201811494092A CN109567932B CN 109567932 B CN109567932 B CN 109567932B CN 201811494092 A CN201811494092 A CN 201811494092A CN 109567932 B CN109567932 B CN 109567932B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2205—Characteristics of fibres
- A61B2018/2222—Fibre material or composition
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Abstract
The present invention provides a laser treatment system using thulium doped fiber, which utilizes the mechanism that the thermal conductivity of the material increases with the decrease of the concentration of doped ions, the low-doped heat conduction channel is established in the gain fiber of the laser, so that the heat dissipation is accelerated, the heat accumulation at the center of the fiber core is avoided, the generation of the thermal lens effect is effectively prevented, the optical damage to the material is reduced, the quality of the output light beam and the output power are both improved, in addition, the cooling system is improved, and heat accumulation in the flowing process of the cooling liquid and over-high temperature of the optical fiber are effectively prevented by adopting the form of a plurality of sub-components with independent cooling liquid circulating channels, the fiber end face effect is prevented, the probability that the optical fiber is burnt due to overhigh local temperature is effectively reduced, high-efficiency heat dissipation of the optical fiber with high heat power density is realized, and powerful support is provided for realizing higher power output of the fiber laser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser treatment, in particular to a laser treatment system using thulium-doped optical fibers.
Background
The 2-micron laser is called as 'eye-safe' laser and has wide prospects in the fields of medical operations, atmospheric monitoring, laser radars, remote sensing and the like. With the development of the optical fiber manufacturing process, the optical fiber laser taking the optical fiber as the matrix makes remarkable progress in the aspects of reducing the threshold value, the oscillation wavelength range, the wavelength tunable performance and the like, becomes a new technology in the laser field at present, and is widely regarded by various aspects of society. The single-frequency fiber laser has the advantages of long output coherent length, low noise, compact structure and the like, and has very wide application prospect in the fields of coherent optical communication, atom capture, nonlinear frequency conversion, high-precision spectrum measurement and the like.
The thulium-doped fiber laser is a novel high-power laser, and the thulium-doped quartz fiber is used as a gain medium, has the working wavelength of 2 mu m and is in the wavelength range safe for human eyes. With the improvement of optical fiber design and preparation process and the development of semiconductor laser pumping technology, 2 μm waveband thulium-doped fiber lasers are rapidly developed. The thulium-doped fiber laser can provide long-wave laser oscillation with the wavelength of about 2 microns, is close to the absorption peak of water, has excellent human tissue cutting and blood coagulation effects, can be transmitted by using common optical fibers, and is an ideal surgical laser light source. Meanwhile, the thulium-doped fiber laser also draws people's attention as a high-efficiency pumping source for generating 3-5 mu m mid-infrared laser.
The output power of fiber lasers is mainly limited by thermal damage, and the essential reasons for heat generation in the fiber are: when the pump light is converted into the laser, the energy of the pump photon and the energy of the laser signal photon are different due to different energy levels, and the excitation state energy is released through a nonradiative transition or a cross relaxation process, so that energy is remained and is deposited in the optical fiber to generate heat, namely a quantum defect process. The accumulation of heat in the fiber can cause thermal lens, core melting, and even optical discharge effects. Patent document CN101728758B proposes a technical solution in which at least two crystals with different doping concentrations are arranged in a front-to-back gap manner to reduce the thermal effect. However, the doped structure can cause uneven energy absorption in the incident direction of pump light inside the crystal, and a temperature gradient effect, an end surface deformation thermal lens effect, a birefringence effect and the like are formed inside the crystal, and the thermal effects limit the improvement of the laser working crystal on the incident light absorption efficiency and limit the improvement of the output power of the laser. The thermal lens effect is that when a laser medium is pumped, because the periphery of the laser medium is cooled by cooling water which is a heat dissipation fluid, the central temperature is higher than that of the periphery, the laser medium expands most, a temperature gradient is formed, and a refractive index gradient is further formed. The thermal lens effect is the most influential of various thermal effects on the quality of the light beam. The melting of the fiber core is caused by the fact that the temperature of the fiber core reaches the melting temperature of quartz due to heat accumulation, and the fiber core is melted to lose light transmission capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention, in light of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, provides a laser therapy system using thulium doped fiber, utilizing the mechanism that the thermal conductivity of the material increases with decreasing dopant ion concentration, the low-doped heat conduction channel is established in the gain fiber of the laser, so that the heat dissipation is accelerated, the heat accumulation at the center of the fiber core is avoided, the generation of the thermal lens effect is effectively prevented, the optical damage to the material is reduced, the quality of the output light beam and the output power are both improved, in addition, the cooling system is improved, and heat accumulation in the flowing process of the cooling liquid and over-high temperature of the optical fiber are effectively prevented by adopting the form of a plurality of sub-components with independent cooling liquid circulating channels, the fiber end face effect is prevented, the probability that the optical fiber is burnt due to overhigh local temperature is effectively reduced, high-efficiency heat dissipation of the optical fiber with high heat power density is realized, and powerful support is provided for realizing higher power output of the fiber laser.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an use laser therapy system who mixes thulium optic fibre, its characterized in that, the system includes laser instrument, cooling system, control system, safety protection system and operation optic fibre, the gain optic fibre of laser instrument is for mixing thulium optic fibre, mix thulium optic fibre and locate the cladding on fibre core surface including mixing fibre core and cover, mix fibre core from the center toward forming low doping route outward.
Preferably, the cooling system comprises a plurality of independent cooling fluid circulation loops.
Preferably, the low-doped via is one or more straight lines.
Preferably, the low-doped channel can also be one or more curves.
Preferably, the low-doped via may also be a combination of a straight line and a curved line.
Preferably, the low doped channels are radial across the center of the core in the cross-section of the core.
Preferably, the low-doped channel is helical across the core center in the core cross-section.
Preferably, the cooling liquid circulation passage includes a cooling liquid input passage, an output passage, and a heat dissipation portion.
Preferably, the flow rate of the cooling fluid in each of the independent cooling fluid circulation systems is independently adjustable.
Preferably, an individual cooling liquid circulation channel is arranged on the periphery of the optical fiber corresponding to the outlet part of the low-doped passage, and a pipeline of the cooling liquid circulation channel is made of an elastic material and is attached to the periphery of the optical fiber corresponding to the outlet part of the low-doped passage.
Preferably, a refrigerator is connected to the cooling liquid circulation channel.
Preferably, a condensation pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the refrigerator, and the cooling liquid is cooled by the condensation pipe in the refrigerator.
Preferably, a liquid pump is connected to the cooling liquid circulation passage, and the flow rate of the liquid in the circulation passage is controlled by the liquid pump.
Preferably, the cooling liquid is one of purified water, distilled water, deionized water, or water to which an additive (e.g., a preservative, an antifreeze, etc.) is added.
Preferably, the cladding comprises an inner cladding and an outer cladding, the inner cladding is doped with alumina or germania to improve the refractive index of the inner cladding and reduce the numerical aperture of the fiber core, and the outer cladding sleeved on the surface of the inner cladding comprises silicon dioxide.
Preferably, the optical fiber is made of germanate glass, the germanate glass optical fiber has the advantages of good thermal stability and infrared transmittance, high rare earth ion solubility, low phonon energy and the like, and is a good matrix material for rare earth doped 2-micron laser output. Moreover, the germanate glass can realize the effect of high doping of rare earth ions, has good gain effect, and can realize single longitudinal mode output by a method of shortening the cavity length.
The composition range of the mole percent of the glass matrix except the low-doped channel of the fiber core is as follows:
SiO2：30～35
GeO2：25～45
Ga2O3：15～30
MF2：5～10
M’2O：5～10
Tm2O3：1～5
the composition ranges of the low-doped passage part glass matrix in mole percent are as follows:
SiO2：30～35
GeO2：25～45
Ga2O3：15～30
MF2：5～10
M’2O：5～10
Tm2O3：0.1～0.8
wherein M is one or the combination of any one of Ba, Ca, Sr and Mg; m' is one or the combination of any of Na, K and Li.
Preferably, the doping concentration of the rare earth ions in the low-doped passage part is 0.6%, and the doping concentration of the rare earth ions in the part except the low-doped passage part is 4%.
The invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the low-concentration doped channel is arranged in the fiber core, and the mechanism that the thermal conductivity of the material is increased along with the reduction of the concentration of the doped ions is utilized, so that the low-concentration doped thermal channel is established in the optical fiber, the heat dissipation is accelerated, the heat is prevented from being accumulated in the center of the fiber core, the generation of the thermal lens effect is effectively prevented, the optical damage to the material is reduced, and the quality of an output light beam and the output power are both improved.
2. Through the flowing water circulation system, the energy inside the ultrahigh-power optical fiber is directly led out through the circulating cooling liquid in time, a good heat dissipation effect is realized through the rapid flowing of the cooling liquid, the flowing is uniform, the heat dissipation is sufficient, the surface temperature of the gain optical fiber can be kept uniform, and the generation of the local energy gathering phenomenon of the ultrahigh-power optical fiber can be avoided.
3. Through the form that uses a plurality of subcomponent combinations, each subcomponent has independent cooling liquid circulation passageway, independently dispels the heat, can effectively prevent that cooling liquid from flowing the in-process, and the heat accumulation appears the condition of optic fibre high temperature, prevents the optic fibre end effect, effectively reduces optic fibre because of the too high probability of burning out of local high temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thulium doped optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling liquid circulation path corresponding to the outlet of the low-doped channel.
In the figure, 1-fiber core, 2-low doped channel, 3-cooling liquid circulation loop.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only for explaining the present invention and are not to be limited thereto, and the specific parameter settings and the like of the embodiments can be selected according to the circumstances without substantially affecting the results.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser therapy system using a thulium doped fiber, the system includes a laser, a cooling system, a control system, a safety protection system and a surgical fiber, the gain fiber of the laser is a thulium doped fiber, the thulium doped fiber includes a doped fiber core 1 and a cladding layer sleeved on the surface of the fiber core, the doped fiber core forms a low doped passage 2 from the center to the outside, and the cooling system includes a plurality of independent cooling liquid circulation loops.
The low-doped channel 2 forms a curve through the center in the core cross-section.
The cooling liquid circulation channel comprises a cooling liquid input channel, a cooling liquid output channel and a heat dissipation part. The flow rate of the cooling liquid in each independent cooling liquid circulation system can be independently adjusted.
As shown in fig. 2, a separate cooling liquid circulation channel 3 is disposed at the outer periphery of the optical fiber corresponding to the outlet portion of the low-doped passage, and the pipe of the cooling liquid circulation channel 3 is made of an elastic material and is attached to the outer periphery of the optical fiber corresponding to the outlet portion of the low-doped passage.
And a refrigerator is connected in the cooling liquid circulating channel.
And a condensing pipe is fixedly connected inside the refrigerator, and the cooling liquid is cooled by using the condensing pipe in the refrigerator.
And a liquid pump is connected in the cooling liquid circulating channel, and the flow rate of the liquid in the circulating channel is controlled by the liquid pump.
The coolant is one of purified water, distilled water, deionized water, or water to which an additive (e.g., a preservative, an antifreeze, etc.) is added.
The cladding comprises an inner cladding and an outer cladding, wherein the inner cladding is doped with aluminum oxide or germanium oxide, the refractive index of the inner cladding is improved, the numerical aperture of the fiber core is reduced, and the outer cladding sleeved on the surface of the inner cladding comprises silicon dioxide.
The optical fiber is made of germanate glass, the germanate glass optical fiber has the advantages of good thermal stability and infrared transmittance, high rare earth ion solubility, low phonon energy and the like, and is a good matrix material for rare earth doped 2 mu m laser output. Moreover, the germanate glass can realize the effect of high doping of rare earth ions, has good gain effect, and can realize single longitudinal mode output by a method of shortening the cavity length.
The composition of the glass matrix except the low-doped channel of the fiber core in mole percent is as follows:
SiO2：32
GeO2：26
Ga2O3：25
MF2：8
M’2O：8
Tm2O3：1
the low-doped passage part glass matrix comprises the following components in percentage by mol:
SiO2：32.5
GeO2：26.3
Ga2O3：25.1
MF2：8
M’2O：8
Tm2O3：0.1
wherein M is one or the combination of any one of Ba, Ca, Sr and Mg; m' is one or the combination of any of Na, K and Li.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser therapy system using a thulium doped fiber, the system includes a laser, a cooling system, a control system, a safety protection system and a surgical fiber, the gain fiber of the laser is a thulium doped fiber, the thulium doped fiber includes a rare earth doped fiber core 1 and a cladding layer sleeved on the surface of the fiber core, the doped fiber core 1 forms a low doped passage 2 from the center to the outside, and the cooling system includes a plurality of independent cooling liquid circulation loops.
The low-doped channel 2 forms a curve through the center in the cross section of the core 1.
The cooling liquid circulation channel comprises a cooling liquid input channel, a cooling liquid output channel and a heat dissipation part. The flow rate of the cooling liquid in each independent cooling liquid circulation system can be independently adjusted.
As shown in fig. 2, a separate cooling liquid circulation channel 3 is disposed at the outer periphery of the optical fiber corresponding to the outlet portion of the low-doped passage, and the pipe of the cooling liquid circulation channel 3 is made of an elastic material and is attached to the outer periphery of the optical fiber corresponding to the outlet portion of the low-doped passage.
And a refrigerator is connected in the cooling liquid circulating channel.
And a condensing pipe is fixedly connected inside the refrigerator, and the cooling liquid is cooled by using the condensing pipe in the refrigerator.
And a liquid pump is connected in the cooling liquid circulating channel, and the flow rate of the liquid in the circulating channel is controlled by the liquid pump.
The coolant is one of purified water, distilled water, deionized water, or water to which an additive (e.g., a preservative, an antifreeze, etc.) is added.
The cladding comprises an inner cladding and an outer cladding, wherein the inner cladding is doped with aluminum oxide or germanium oxide, the refractive index of the inner cladding is improved, the numerical aperture of the fiber core is reduced, and the outer cladding sleeved on the surface of the inner cladding comprises silicon dioxide.
The optical fiber is made of germanate glass, the germanate glass optical fiber has the advantages of good thermal stability and infrared transmittance, high rare earth ion solubility, low phonon energy and the like, and is a good matrix material for rare earth doped 2 mu m laser output. Moreover, the germanate glass can realize the effect of high doping of rare earth ions, has good gain effect, and can realize single longitudinal mode output by a method of shortening the cavity length.
The composition range of the mole percent of the glass matrix except the spiral passage of the fiber core is as follows:
SiO2：30
GeO2：25
Ga2O3：24
MF2：8
M’2O：8
Tm2O3：5
the composition ranges of the spiral passage part of the glass matrix in mole percent are as follows:
thulium doping:
SiO2：31
GeO2：26
Ga2O3：25
MF2：10
M’2O：7.2
Tm2O3：0.8
wherein M is one or the combination of any one of Ba, Ca, Sr and Mg; m' is one or the combination of any of Na, K and Li.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A laser treatment system using thulium-doped optical fibers is characterized by comprising a laser, a cooling system, a control system, a safety protection system and surgical optical fibers, wherein a gain optical fiber of the laser is a thulium-doped optical fiber, the thulium-doped optical fiber comprises a doped fiber core and a cladding sleeved on the surface of the fiber core, and the doped fiber core forms a low-doped passage from the center to the outside; mix thulium optic fibre periphery and correspond low doping route export part and set up solitary coolant liquid circulation channel, coolant liquid circulation channel's pipeline adopts elastic material to make, and pastes and establishes the optic fibre periphery corresponds low doping route export part, the low doping route passes the fibre core center on the fibre core cross section.
2. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the low-doped via is one or more straight lines.
3. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the low-doped via is one or more curves.
4. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling system comprises a plurality of independent coolant circulation loops, the coolant circulation channels comprising a coolant input channel, an output channel, a heat dissipation portion.
5. The laser therapy system according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate of coolant in each independent coolant circulation system is independently adjusted.
6. The laser therapy system according to claim 4, wherein a refrigerator is connected to the cooling liquid circulation passage.
7. The laser therapy system according to claim 6, wherein a condensation pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the refrigerator, and the cooling liquid is cooled by the condensation pipe in the refrigerator.
8. The laser therapy system according to claim 4, wherein a liquid pump is connected to the cooling liquid circulation passage, and the flow rate of the liquid in the circulation passage is controlled by the liquid pump.
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