CN109567874B - Skin prick result interpretation instrument - Google Patents

Skin prick result interpretation instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109567874B
CN109567874B CN201811373831.8A CN201811373831A CN109567874B CN 109567874 B CN109567874 B CN 109567874B CN 201811373831 A CN201811373831 A CN 201811373831A CN 109567874 B CN109567874 B CN 109567874B
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pointer
value
rack
short
axis
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CN109567874A (en
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刘凡理
王晓凑
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Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
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Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/0035Vaccination diagnosis other than by injuring the skin, e.g. allergy test patches

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a skin prick result interpretation instrument, a ruler body is provided with a distance measurement device and a comparison device, the distance measurement device comprises a first reference edge, a second reference edge, a long axis measuring pointer, a short axis measuring pointer, a long axis pointer driving mechanism for driving the long axis measuring pointer to slide linearly, a short axis pointer positioning driving mechanism for driving the short axis measuring pointer to slide linearly and a short axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism for driving the short axis measuring pointer to stretch and retract, the ruler body is provided with a total distance pointer which slides linearly, the total distance pointer is in linkage connection with the long axis pointer driving mechanism and the short axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism so as to form the linear sliding stroke of the total distance pointer as the sum of the linear sliding stroke of the long axis measuring pointer and the telescopic stroke of the short axis measuring pointer, the comparison device comprises a 0 point position aligned with the initial position of the total distance pointer on the ruler body and SI value indicating needles corresponding to 0.3 time, 0.5 time, 1 time and 2 time values. Has the advantages of reasonable structural design, high interpretation accuracy and simple operation.

Description

Skin prick result interpretation instrument
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a device for interpretation of results in a skin prick test.
Background
The Skin Prick Test (SPT) is the most convenient, economical, safe and effective allergen diagnosis method recognized by the medical field and is the most common allergen diagnosis method in clinic at present. Interpretation of the results of the skin prick test: the observation result 20 minutes after the skin prick test shows that if the patient generates hypersensitivity to certain allergen, the skin prick part generates wheal and erythema within 20 minutes, and the wheal and erythema have the diameter more than or equal to 3mm, and the skin prick test is judged to be positive. The SPT response intensity was evaluated by measuring the maximum and minimum diameters (vertical lines at the midpoint of the maximum diameter) of the allergen and histamine erythema using Skin Index (SI), respectively, and calculating the average area ratio of the two erythema as SI, which was classified into 4 grades: + is not less than 0.3 and SI less than 0.5; plus + is not less than 0.5 and less than 1.0; the sum of +++ is not less than 1.0 and SI is less than 2.0; and the SI of ≥ 2.0. The specific operation flow is as follows: drawing the boundary of each erythema wheal on the skin by using a pencil, slightly sticking the skin by using transparent adhesive tape paper, rubbing and printing an irregular circle drawn by the pencil, namely the size of the erythema, measuring the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the erythema by using a ruler, respectively recording the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the erythema, respectively recording a corresponding allergen result interpretation interface in a computer, automatically generating the area ratio of each allergen to the histamine erythema by using the computer, and printing an interpretation result.
At present, the skin prick test result interpretation operation process has the following defects:
1) the measurement operation of wheal and erythema is inconvenient, and the error of the result is larger.
2) When the boundary of each erythema and wheal is drawn on the skin with a pencil, the skin in anaphylaxis is easily scratched, and infection is caused; when the pencil track is rubbed by adhesive tape paper, the sticky wheal and erythema can be torn, the skin pain stimulation is easy to cause, and especially the compliance of the children patients is poor.
3) The result interpretation operation is carried out successively, the whole process is long in time consumption, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the skin prick result interpretation instrument which is reasonable in structural design and high in interpretation accuracy, reduces operation steps and greatly improves interpretation efficiency of skin prick test results.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a skin prick result interpretation appearance, including the blade, its characterized in that: the ruler body is provided with a distance measuring device and a comparison device, the distance measuring device comprises a first reference edge extending along the length direction of the ruler body, a second reference edge extending along the width direction of the ruler body, a long axis measuring pointer and a short axis measuring pointer, the initial positions of the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer are flush with the second reference edge, the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer are linearly matched with the ruler body in a sliding mode along the extending direction of the first reference edge, the short axis measuring pointer is telescopically matched with the ruler body along the extending direction of the second reference edge, the long axis measuring pointer is matched with a long axis pointer driving mechanism for driving the long axis measuring pointer to slide, the short axis measuring pointer is matched with a short axis pointer positioning driving mechanism for driving the short axis measuring pointer to slide and a short axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism for driving the short axis measuring pointer to stretch, a total distance pointer linearly sliding along the extending, The short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanisms are connected in a linkage mode so that the linear sliding stroke of the total distance pointer is the sum of the linear sliding stroke of the long-axis measuring pointer and the telescopic stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer, the comparison device comprises a 0 point position which is located on the ruler body and aligned with the initial position of the total distance pointer and an SI value pointer of which the initial position is located at the 0 point position, the SI value pointer is in sliding fit with the ruler body, the sliding direction of the SI value pointer is consistent with the sliding direction of the total distance pointer, the SI value pointer is provided with a 0.3-time value pointer, a 0.5-time value pointer, a 1-time value pointer and a 2-time value pointer respectively, and each SI value pointer adjusts the position according to the displacement position of the total distance pointer so as to form a grade interval which is formed by the.
The working principle of the skin prick result interpretation instrument provided by the invention is as follows:
step 1, determining the grade of an SI value: a. testing histamine erythema by a distance measuring device, attaching a first reference edge and a second reference edge to the edge of the histamine erythema, positioning a long axis and a short axis of the histamine erythema, moving a long axis measuring pointer to realize long axis distance measurement indication, moving a short axis measuring pointer to realize short axis position positioning (the short axis measuring pointer moves to a half position of the moving stroke of the long axis measuring pointer), then extending the short axis measuring pointer to realize short axis measurement, and realizing total distance indication (the sum of the long axis distance and the short axis distance of the histamine erythema) by a total distance pointer along with two distance measurements; b. adjusting to form a grade interval, adjusting each SI value pointer of the comparison device according to the position of the total distance pointer, adjusting the 1-time value pointer to the superposition position of the total distance pointer, moving the 0.3-time value pointer to the position 0.3 times of the moving distance of the total distance pointer, similarly moving the 0.5-time value pointer and the 2-time value pointer to the right position, and forming the grade interval at intervals of each SI value pointer;
step 2, interpretation and measurement: and (3) the positions of the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer in the distance measuring device are reset to zero, and the allergen is measured according to the part a distance measuring method in the step 1, so that the position of the total distance pointer in the grade interval can be directly obtained, and the result of the skin prick test can be intuitively interpreted.
The skin prick test method has the advantages of simplified operation steps, convenient operation, safety, reliability, high efficiency and accurate result.
Preferably, the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism are in driving connection through the same operating piece, the sliding positioning stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer is half of that of the long-axis measuring pointer, and the total distance pointer is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism. Under the structural design, the long-axis distance measurement and the short-axis measurement pointer position positioning movement are completed under one-time operation, the total distance pointer is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, mutual interference of short-axis pointer telescopic driving and short-axis pointer sliding positioning driving caused by the total distance pointer is avoided, and the long-axis measurement and short-axis measurement operation can be reflected on the total distance measurement pointer conveniently.
Preferably, the operating member is simultaneously used as a power input component for driving the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, the operating member is in clutch transmission connection with the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, the operating member is in synchronous clutch transmission connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism, the total distance pointer is in linkage connection with the operating member and is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism through the operating member. Under the structural design, the measurement operation is realized by a single operating part, and the device has the advantages of compact structure and simple and convenient operation.
Preferably, the operating member comprises a rod-shaped main body, two rack surfaces which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the rod-shaped main body, a power disengagement abdicating surface is arranged between the two rack surfaces on the circumference of the rod-shaped main body, the long-axis pointer driving mechanism comprises a long-axis pointer fixing tooth block which can be meshed with and disengaged from one rack surface of the operating member, the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block is in linear sliding fit with the ruler body, the long-axis measuring pointer is fixedly arranged on the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block, the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism comprises a short-axis pointer walking gear which can be meshed with and disengaged from the other rack surface of the operating member, the short-axis pointer walking gear is in linear moving and positioning fit on the ruler body, the fixed rack which is parallel to the rod-shaped main body is arranged on the ruler body, the short-axis pointer walking gear is meshed with the fixed rack, the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism comprises a moving frame, the moving, a short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear is matched on the movable frame in a rotating mode, a short shaft measuring pointer transmission assembly is connected between the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear and the short shaft measuring pointer, the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear and the short shaft pointer traveling gear are arranged at 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the rod-shaped main body, the rod-shaped main body is arranged on the ruler body in a rotating mode, the rotating rod-shaped main body is switched at 90 degrees to form synchronous clutch transmission with the long shaft pointer fixing tooth block and the short shaft pointer traveling gear and is matched with the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear in a clutch transmission mode, the long shaft pointer fixing tooth block, the short shaft pointer traveling gear and the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear are correspondingly meshed with the rack surface of the rod-shaped main body to form power connection, and the long shaft pointer fixing tooth block, the short shaft pointer traveling gear and the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear correspondingly form, the total distance pointer is in running fit with the rod-shaped main body, the total distance pointer is in linkage connection with the rod-shaped main body along the axial direction of the rod-shaped main body, and the telescopic moving stroke of the short shaft measuring pointer driven by the rod-shaped main body is consistent with the telescopic stroke of the short shaft measuring pointer.
The working principle under the structure is as follows: at the initial stage of measurement, two rack surfaces on the operating piece are respectively meshed with the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block and the short-axis pointer traveling gear, the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear correspondingly disengages from the abdicating surface position at the power of the operating piece to push the operating piece, the operating piece moves linearly to drive the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block to move synchronously, and drive the short-axis pointer traveling gear to move on the fixing tooth rack so as to move the moving frame, and after the long-axis measuring pointer reaches the edge position of the long axis of erythema or wheal, the short-axis measuring pointer moves to the middle position of the long axis of erythema or wheal under the driving of the short-axis pointer traveling gear and the moving frame, so that the automatic positioning of the short axis position of the erythema or wheal; rotating the operating piece by 90 degrees to enable the rack surface of the operating piece to be separated from the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block and the short-axis pointer traveling gear, wherein the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block and the short-axis pointer traveling gear correspond to the power separation abdicating surface position of the operating piece, the operating piece is synchronously and dynamically separated from the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block and the short-axis pointer traveling gear, the rack surface of the operating piece is meshed with the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear, the long-axis measuring pointer and the short-axis measuring pointer are positioned at corresponding positions and are unchanged, the operating piece is continuously pushed, and the short-axis measuring pointer is driven to extend out until the short-axis measuring pointer reaches the far end of the erythema or the wind; has the advantages of simple structure and convenient arrangement.
Preferably, the short shaft measuring pointer transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a short shaft driving gear and a short shaft driving rack, wherein the first bevel gear is coaxially mounted with the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear and synchronously rotates, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, the short shaft driving gear is coaxially and synchronously rotates with the second bevel gear, the short shaft driving rack is meshed with the short shaft driving gear and is arranged in the telescopic direction of the short shaft measuring pointer, and the short shaft measuring pointer is mounted on the short shaft driving rack. The structure design has simple structure, is convenient to install and arrange, and is convenient for the consistency of the moving stroke when the short shaft driving rack is linked with the operating piece under the design of the total distance pointer.
Preferably, a spline guide shaft is positioned and rotatably matched on the ruler body, the spline guide shaft is connected with a clutch operation assembly used for driving the spline guide shaft to rotate by 90 degrees, the operation end of the clutch operation assembly is exposed out of the top surface of the ruler body, the center of the rod-shaped main body is provided with an axially extending spline hole, the rod-shaped main body is sleeved on the spline guide shaft through the spline hole, the rod-shaped main body is connected with a measurement operation assembly used for driving the rod-shaped main body to slide linearly along the spline guide shaft, the connection end of the measurement operation assembly is rotatably matched with the rod-shaped main body, and the operation end of the measurement operation assembly is exposed out of. According to the structural design, the spline guide shaft not only realizes linear sliding positioning of the operating piece, but also can drive the operating piece to rotate so as to realize position switching, and the spline guide shaft has the advantages of simple and compact structure.
Preferably, the measuring operation assembly comprises a linkage arm, a driving nut and a positioning screw rod, one end of the linkage arm is in rotating fit with the operating piece, the other end of the linkage arm is in rotating fit with the driving nut, the driving nut is in threaded fit with the positioning screw rod, and the positioning screw rod is arranged on the ruler body along the length direction of the operating piece. According to the structural design, the sliding driving of the operating piece is realized by adopting the nut-screw mechanism, the position of the operating end is determined, and a window formed on the top surface of the ruler body is small, neat and convenient to operate.
Preferably, the comparison device comprises a linkage adjusting mechanism for realizing linkage of each SI value pointer.
The linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a grade interval adjusting main rack, an SI value first walking gear fixed rack, an SI value first driving rack, an SI value second walking gear fixed rack, an SI value second transmission rack, an SI value third walking gear fixed rack and an SI value third walking gear assembly, wherein the SI value third walking gear assembly comprises an SI value third walking power input gear, an SI value third walking power output gear and a 0.3-time pointer driving rack, the grade interval adjusting main rack, the SI value first transmission rack, the SI value second transmission rack and the 0.3-time pointer driving rack are parallel and linearly matched on a ruler body in a sliding manner, the tooth surface orientations of the grade interval adjusting main rack, the SI value first transmission rack and the SI value second rack are consistent, the tooth surface of the 0.3-time pointer driving rack is opposite to the tooth surface of the SI value second transmission rack, the 2-time value pointer is arranged on the grade interval adjusting main rack, the SI value first walking gear fixing rack and the grade interval adjusting main rack are parallel and oppositely arranged, the SI value first walking gear is meshed between the grade interval adjusting main rack and the SI value first walking gear fixing rack, the SI value first driving rack and the 1-time value pointer are rotationally matched on the SI value first walking gear to synchronously and linearly move along with the SI value first walking gear, the moving stroke of the SI value first walking gear during grade interval adjustment is half of the moving stroke of the grade interval adjusting main rack, the SI value second walking gear fixing rack and the SI value first driving rack are parallel and oppositely arranged, the SI value second walking gear is meshed between the SI value second walking gear fixing rack and the SI value first driving rack, and the SI value second rack driving rack and the 0.5-time value pointer are rotationally matched on the SI value second walking gear to synchronously and linearly move along with the SI value second walking gear, the moving stroke of the SI value second walking gear during the adjustment of the grade interval is half of the moving stroke of the SI value first walking gear, the SI value third walking gear fixed rack is parallel to and oppositely arranged with the SI value second transmission rack, the SI value third walking power input gear is meshed between the SI value third walking gear fixed rack and the SI value second transmission rack, the SI value third walking power input gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the SI value third walking power output gear, the SI value third walking power output gear is meshed with a 0.3-time pointer driving rack, a 0.3-time pointer is fixedly arranged on the 0.3-time pointer driving rack and linearly moves along with the 0.3-time pointer driving rack synchronously, the moving stroke of the 0.3-time pointer driving rack during the adjustment of the grade interval is 0.3 times of the moving stroke of the SI value first walking gear, and the grade interval adjustment main rack is provided with a device for driving the grade interval to linearly move, The adjusting end is exposed on the surface of the ruler body. Under the structural design, other SI value indicating needles can be moved to corresponding positions only by moving the grade interval to adjust the main rack so as to move the 1-time value pointer to the position overlapped with the total distance pointer, and the structure has the advantages of convenience in adjustment operation and accuracy and reliability in adjustment; the gear rack mechanism is adopted to realize linkage, and the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient design.
Preferably, the grade interval adjustment main rack is rotatably connected with a driving arm, the other end of the driving arm, which is connected with the grade interval adjustment main rack, is rotatably connected with an operating nut, a guide screw rod parallel to the grade interval adjustment main rack is fixed on the ruler body, and the operating nut is screwed on the guide screw rod. This structural design adopts nut screw rod mechanism to realize the slide drive to the interval adjustment owner rack of grade, and then the operation end position is confirmed, and the window that forms on the top surface of blade is little, clean and tidy and the operation of being convenient for.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the skin prick result interpretation instrument of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the skin prick result interpretation instrument of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a distance measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a comparison apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a third travel gear assembly of the SI value of the present invention;
a ruler body 1, a first reference edge 11, a second reference edge 12, a long axis measuring pointer 21, a short axis measuring pointer 22, a total distance pointer 23, an operating piece 24, a rod-shaped main body 241, a rack face 242, a power disengagement abdicating face 243, a long axis pointer fixing tooth block 251, a short axis pointer traveling gear 261, a moving frame 271, a short axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272, a first bevel gear 273, a second bevel gear 274, a short axis driving gear 275, a short axis driving rack 276, a spline guide shaft 281, an operating end 282 of a clutch operating component, an operating end 283 of a measuring operating component, a linkage arm 285, a driving nut 286, a positioning screw 287, an SI value indicating needle 31, a 0.3 time value pointer 31-1, a 0.5 time value pointer 31-2, a 1 time value pointer 31-3, a 2 time value pointer 31-4, a grade interval adjusting main rack 32, a driving arm 321, an operating nut 322, a guiding screw 323, an SI-value first travel gear 33, an SI-value first travel gear fixed rack 34, an SI-value first drive rack 35, an SI-value second travel gear 36, an SI-value second travel gear fixed rack 37, an SI-value second drive rack 38, an SI-value third travel gear fixed rack 39, an SI-value third travel gear assembly 30, an SI-value third travel power input gear 301, an SI-value third travel power output gear 302, a 0.3-fold pointer drive rack 303.
Detailed Description
Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, the skin prick result interpretation instrument disclosed by the invention comprises a ruler body 1, wherein a distance measuring device and a comparison device are arranged on the ruler body 1, the distance measuring device comprises a first reference edge 11 extending along the length direction of the ruler body 1, a second reference edge 12 extending along the width direction of the ruler body, a long axis measuring pointer 21 and a short axis measuring pointer 22, the initial positions of the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer are flush with the second reference edge 12, the first reference edge 11 is the edge of the ruler body 1, the second reference edge 12 is a fixed pointer, the long axis measuring pointer 21 and the short axis measuring pointer 22 are linearly matched with the ruler body 1 in a sliding manner along the extending direction of the first reference edge, the short axis measuring pointer 22 is matched with a short axis pointer positioning driving mechanism for driving the sliding of the short axis measuring pointer 22 and a short axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism for driving the short axis pointer to slide along the extending direction of the second reference edge 12, the long axis measuring pointer 21 is matched with a long axis pointer driving mechanism The ruler body 1 is further provided with a total distance pointer 23 which slides linearly along the extending direction of the first reference edge 11, the total distance pointer 23 is in linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, so that the linear sliding stroke of the total distance pointer 23 is the sum of the linear sliding stroke of the long-axis measuring pointer 21 and the telescopic stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer 22, the comparison device comprises a 0 point position 13 which is positioned on the ruler body 1 and aligned with the initial position of the total distance pointer 23 and an SI value pointer 31 of which the initial position is positioned at the 0 point position 13, the SI value pointer 31 is in sliding fit on the ruler body 1, the sliding direction of the SI value pointer 31 is consistent with the sliding direction of the total distance pointer 23, the SI value pointer 31 is respectively provided with a 0.3-time value pointer 31-1, a 0.5-time value pointer 31-2, a 1-time value pointer 31-3 and a 2-time value pointer, the positions of the SI value indicating needles 31 are adjusted according to the displacement positions of the collective pointer 23, so that grade intervals formed by the SI value indicating needles 31 are formed on the ruler body 1. The total distance pointer reaches the indication of the total distance between the long axis and the short axis of the wind mass and is used as the adjustment reference of the comparison device; after the comparison device is adjusted, the total distance pointer is correspondingly matched with the grade interval to achieve the skin prick result indication, and result interpretation can be directly finished.
As for the measuring device, the fewer the operation parts are, the more favorable the measuring operation is, and at the same time, the higher the measuring accuracy is, and therefore as a further setting: the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism are in driving connection through the same operating piece 24, the sliding positioning stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer 22 is half of the sliding measuring stroke of the long-axis measuring pointer 21, and the total distance pointer 23 is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism. The long-axis distance measurement and the short-axis distance measurement are completed under one-time operation, the total distance pointer is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, mutual interference of the short-axis pointer telescopic driving and the short-axis pointer sliding positioning driving caused by the total distance pointer is avoided, and long-axis distance measurement and short-axis distance measurement operations can be conveniently reflected on the total distance measurement pointer.
Furthermore, the operating member 24 is also used as a power input component for driving the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, the operating member 24 is in clutch transmission connection with the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism, the operating member 24 is in synchronous clutch transmission connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism, and the total distance pointer 23 is in linkage connection with the operating member 24 and is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism through the operating member 24. The measurement operation is realized by the single operating part, and the device has the advantages of compact structure and simple and convenient operation.
In this embodiment, the operating member 24 includes a rod-shaped main body 241, two rack surfaces 242 arranged oppositely are provided on the rod-shaped main body 241, a power releasing and avoiding surface 243 is provided between the two rack surfaces 242 in the circumferential direction of the rod-shaped main body 241, the long-axis pointer driving mechanism includes a long-axis pointer fixing tooth block 251 engageable with and disengageable from one rack surface 242 of the operating member 24, the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block 251 is linearly and slidably fitted on the blade 1, the long-axis measuring pointer 21 is fixedly mounted on the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block 251, the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism includes a short-axis pointer traveling gear 261 engageable with and disengageable from the other rack surface 242 of the operating member 24, the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261 is linearly moved and positioned and fitted on the blade 1, a fixed rack 262 parallel to the rod-shaped main body 241 is provided on the blade 1, the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261 is engaged with the fixed rack, the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism comprises a moving frame 271, the moving frame 271 is arranged on a short-axis pointer walking gear 261 and moves linearly along with the short-axis pointer walking gear 261, a short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272 is matched with the moving frame 271 in a rotating mode, a short-axis measuring pointer transmission assembly is connected between the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272 and a short-axis measuring pointer 22, the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272 and the short-axis pointer walking gear 261 are arranged in a 90-degree mode along the circumferential direction of a rod-shaped main body 241, the rod-shaped main body 241 is arranged on the ruler body 1 in a rotating mode, the rotating rod-shaped main body 241 is switched to be in a 90-degree mode to form synchronous clutch transmission with a long-axis pointer fixing tooth block 251 and the short-axis pointer walking gear 261 and form clutch transmission matching with the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272, the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block 251, the short, the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block 251, the short-axis pointer walking gear 261, the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272 and the power releasing abdicating surface 243 of the rod-shaped main body 241 are correspondingly positioned to form power releasing, the total distance pointer 23 is in running fit with the rod-shaped main body 241, the total distance pointer 23 is in linkage connection with the rod-shaped main body 241 along the axial direction of the rod-shaped main body 241, and the telescopic moving stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer 22 driven by the rod-shaped main body 241 is consistent with the telescopic stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer 22. The moving stroke of the short-axis pointer walking gear can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to basic conversion, and therefore, the detailed description is omitted in this embodiment.
The working principle under the structure is as follows: at the initial stage of measurement, two rack surfaces 242 on the operating member 24 are respectively meshed with the long-axis pointer fixing rack 251 and the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261, the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272 correspondingly moves at the position of the power disengagement abdicating surface 243 of the operating member 24 to push the operating member 24, the operating member 24 moves linearly so as to drive the long-axis pointer fixing rack 251 to move synchronously, and drive the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261 to move on the fixing rack 262 so as to move the moving rack 271, and after the long-axis measuring pointer 21 reaches the long-axis edge position of erythema or wheal, the short-axis measuring pointer 22 moves to the middle position of the long axis of the erythema or wheal under the driving of the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261 and the moving rack 271, so that the automatic positioning of the short-axis position of the erythema or whe; rotating the operating member by 90 degrees to make the rack surface 242 of the operating member 24 separate from the long-axis pointer fixing toothed block 251 and the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261, wherein the long-axis pointer fixing toothed block 251 and the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261 are correspondingly positioned at the position of the power separating abdicating surface 243 of the operating member 24, the operating member 24 is synchronously and dynamically separated from the long-axis pointer fixing toothed block 251 and the short-axis pointer traveling gear 261, the rack surface 242 of the operating member 24 is meshed with the short-axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272, the long-axis measuring pointer 21 and the short-axis measuring pointer 22 are positioned at the corresponding positions and are unchanged, the operating member 24 is continuously pushed, and the short-axis measuring pointer 22 is driven to extend until the short-axis measuring pointer 22 reaches the far end of the; has the advantages of simple structure and convenient arrangement.
The short axis measuring pointer driving assembly includes a first bevel gear 273 coaxially installed and synchronously rotating with the short axis telescopic driving clutch gear 272, a second bevel gear 274 engaged with the first bevel gear 273, a short axis driving gear 275 coaxially and synchronously rotating with the second bevel gear 274, and a short axis driving rack 276 engaged with the short axis driving gear 275 and arranged in a telescopic direction of the short axis measuring pointer 22, the short axis measuring pointer 22 being installed on the short axis driving rack 276. The coaxial installation linkage between the gears is realized by installing the gears on the same transmission shaft, which is a conventional technology; the structure has simple structure, is convenient to install and arrange, and is convenient for the consistent setting of the moving stroke when the short shaft driving rack is linked with the operating piece under the design of the total distance pointer. The transmission of the short shaft measuring pointer can be realized by adopting a nut screw mechanism as a feasible scheme of the invention, but the transmission form of the gear is adopted, so that the consistent setting of the moving stroke when the short shaft driving rack is linked with the operating piece is facilitated.
The ruler body 1 is positioned, rotatably matched with a spline guide shaft 281, the spline guide shaft 281 is connected with a clutch operation assembly used for driving the spline guide shaft 281 to rotate by 90 degrees, an operation end 282 of the clutch operation assembly is exposed on the top surface of the ruler body 1, the clutch operation assembly can adopt a reduction gear set to be matched with a toggle button and a gear structure (such as a spring pin) or be matched with a damping piece or a limit structure to realize the positioning of the position of the spline guide shaft 281, the center of the rod-shaped main body 241 is provided with an axially extending spline hole, the rod-shaped main body 241 is sleeved on the spline guide shaft 281 through the spline hole, the rod-shaped main body 241 is connected with a measurement operation assembly driving the rod-shaped main body 241 to linearly slide along the spline guide shaft 281, the connecting end of the measurement operation assembly is rotatably matched with the rod-shaped main body 241, and. The spline guide shaft not only realizes the linear sliding positioning of the operating piece, but also can drive the operating piece to rotate so as to realize the switching position, and has the advantage of simple and compact structure.
The measuring operation assembly comprises a linkage arm 285, a driving nut 286 and a positioning screw 287, one end of the linkage arm 285 is in rotating fit with the operating part 24, the other end of the linkage arm 285 is in rotating fit with the driving nut 286, the driving nut 286 is in threaded fit with the positioning screw 287, and the positioning screw 287 is arranged on the ruler body 1 along the length direction of the operating part 24. The sliding driving of the operating piece is realized by adopting the nut screw mechanism, the position of the operating end is determined, and the window formed on the top surface of the ruler body is small, neat and convenient to operate.
In order to facilitate the adjustment operation, the comparison device comprises a linkage adjusting mechanism for realizing the linkage of each SI value indicating needle 31.
The linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a grade interval adjusting main rack 32, an SI value first walking gear 33, an SI value first walking gear fixed rack 34, an SI value first driving rack 35, an SI value second walking gear 36, an SI value second walking gear fixed rack 37, an SI value second transmission rack 38, an SI value third walking gear fixed rack 39 and an SI value third walking gear assembly 30, wherein the SI value third walking gear assembly 30 comprises an SI value third walking power input gear 301, an SI value third walking power output gear 302 and a 0.3-time pointer driving rack 303, the grade interval adjusting main rack 32, the SI value first transmission rack 35, the SI value second transmission rack 38 and the 0.3-time pointer driving rack 303 are parallelly and linearly matched on a ruler body 1 in a sliding way, the tooth surface orientations of the grade interval adjusting main rack 32, the SI value first transmission rack 35 and the SI value second transmission rack 38 are consistent, the tooth surface of the pointer driving rack 303 of 0.3 times is arranged opposite to the tooth surface of the second transmission rack 38 of the SI value, the fixed rack 34 of the first walking gear of the SI value is arranged parallel and opposite to the main rack 32 of the grade interval adjustment, the first walking gear 33 of the SI value is meshed between the main rack 32 of the grade interval adjustment and the fixed rack 34 of the first walking gear of the SI value, the first transmission rack 34 of the SI value and the pointer 31-3 of the 1 time value are both rotationally matched on the first walking gear 33 of the SI value and linearly move synchronously along with the first walking gear 33 of the SI value, the moving stroke of the first walking gear 33 of the SI value at the time of the grade interval adjustment is half of the moving stroke of the main rack 32 of the grade interval adjustment, the fixed rack 37 of the second walking gear of the SI value is arranged parallel and opposite to the first transmission rack 35 of the SI value, the second walking gear 36 of the SI value is meshed between the fixed rack 37 of the second walking gear of the SI, the SI value second transmission rack 38 and the 0.5-time value pointer 31-2 are both rotationally matched on the SI value second walking gear 36 and synchronously and linearly move along with the SI value second walking gear 36, the moving stroke of the SI value second walking gear 36 during adjustment of a grade interval is half of the walking stroke of the SI value first walking gear 33, the SI value third walking gear fixed rack 39 and the SI value second transmission rack 38 are parallel and oppositely arranged, the SI value third walking force input gear 301 is meshed between the SI value third walking gear fixed rack 39 and the SI value second transmission rack 38, the SI value third walking force input gear 301 and the SI value third walking force output gear 302 are coaxially and fixedly connected, the SI value third walking force output gear 302 is meshed with the 0.3-time pointer driving rack 303, the 0.3-time value pointer 31-1 is fixedly arranged on the 0.3-time pointer driving rack 303 and synchronously and linearly moves along with the 0.3-time pointer driving rack 303, the moving stroke of the 0.3 time pointer driving rack 303 during the adjustment of the grade interval is 0.3 times of the moving stroke of the SI-value first moving gear 33, that is, the diameter of the SI-value third moving power output gear 302 is 2/5 of the diameter of the SI-value third moving power input gear 301.
The grade interval adjusting main rack 32 is provided with an adjusting end 32-1 which drives the main rack to move linearly and is exposed on the surface of the ruler body 1. Under the structural design, other SI value indicating needles can be moved to corresponding positions only by moving the grade interval to adjust the main rack so as to move the 1-time value pointer to the position overlapped with the total distance pointer, and the structure has the advantages of convenience in adjustment operation and accuracy and reliability in adjustment; the gear rack mechanism is adopted to realize linkage, and the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient design.
Wherein, the grade interval adjusting main rack 32 is rotatably connected with a driving arm 321, the other end of the driving arm 321, which is connected with the grade interval adjusting main rack 32, is rotatably connected with an operating nut 322, a guide screw 323 which is parallel to the grade interval adjusting main rack 32 is fixed on the ruler body 1, and the operating nut 322 is screwed on the guide screw 323. The sliding driving of the main rack for adjusting the grade interval is realized by adopting a nut-screw mechanism, the position of an operating end is determined, and a window formed on the top surface of the ruler body is small, neat and convenient to operate. In the invention, the matching of the short axis measuring pointer, the long axis measuring pointer and the moving stroke of each SI value indicating needle can be obtained by conversion according to the transmission distance, for example, the specification of a gear and a rack can be properly selected, and the matching can be realized according to the specific implementation mode of the invention in the field and by combining the conventional technical means in the field; meanwhile, for the positioning and the non-displacement of the short axis measuring pointer, the long axis measuring pointer and each SI value indicating pointer, a damping structure can be adopted for realizing or locking a screw, and the like, and the conventional technology is not repeated.
The working principle of the skin prick result interpretation instrument provided by the invention is as follows:
step 1, determining the grade of an SI value: a. testing histamine erythema by a distance measuring device, attaching a first reference edge and a second reference edge to the edge of the histamine erythema, positioning a long axis and a short axis of the histamine erythema, moving a long axis measuring pointer to realize long axis distance measurement indication, moving a short axis measuring pointer to realize short axis position positioning (the short axis measuring pointer moves to a half position of the moving stroke of the long axis measuring pointer), then extending the short axis measuring pointer to realize short axis measurement, and realizing total distance indication (the sum of the long axis distance and the short axis distance of the histamine erythema) by a total distance pointer along with two distance measurements; b. adjusting to form a grade interval, driving the grade interval to adjust a main rack, adjusting each SI value pointer according to the position of the total distance pointer, adjusting the 1-time value pointer to the superposition position of the total distance pointer, moving the corresponding 0.3-time value pointer, moving the 0.5-time value pointer and the 2-time value pointer to the corresponding positions, and forming the grade interval at the interval of each SI value pointer;
step 2, interpretation and measurement: and (3) the positions of the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer in the distance measuring device are reset to zero, and the allergen is measured according to the part a distance measuring method in the step 1, so that the position of the total distance pointer in the grade interval can be directly obtained, and the result of the skin prick test can be intuitively interpreted.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a skin prick result interpretation appearance, including the blade, its characterized in that: the ruler body is provided with a distance measuring device and a comparison device, the distance measuring device comprises a first reference edge extending along the length direction of the ruler body, a second reference edge extending along the width direction of the ruler body, a long axis measuring pointer and a short axis measuring pointer, the initial positions of the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer are flush with the second reference edge, the long axis measuring pointer and the short axis measuring pointer are linearly matched with the ruler body in a sliding mode along the extending direction of the first reference edge, the short axis measuring pointer is telescopically matched with the ruler body along the extending direction of the second reference edge, the long axis measuring pointer is matched with a long axis pointer driving mechanism for driving the long axis measuring pointer to slide, the short axis measuring pointer is matched with a short axis pointer positioning driving mechanism for driving the short axis measuring pointer to slide and a short axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism for driving the short axis measuring pointer to stretch, a total distance pointer linearly sliding along the extending, The short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanisms are connected in a linkage mode so that the linear sliding stroke of the total distance pointer is the sum of the linear sliding stroke of the long-axis measuring pointer and the telescopic stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer, the comparison device comprises a 0 point position which is located on the ruler body and aligned with the initial position of the total distance pointer and an SI value pointer of which the initial position is located at the 0 point position, the SI value pointer is in sliding fit with the ruler body, the sliding direction of the SI value pointer is consistent with the sliding direction of the total distance pointer, the SI value pointer is provided with a 0.3-time value pointer, a 0.5-time value pointer, a 1-time value pointer and a 2-time value pointer respectively, and each SI value pointer adjusts the position according to the displacement position of the total distance pointer so as to form a grade interval which is formed by the.
2. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism are in driving connection through the same operating piece, the sliding positioning stroke of the short-axis measuring pointer is half of that of the long-axis measuring pointer, and the total distance pointer is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-axis pointer driving mechanism and the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism.
3. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: the operating piece is simultaneously used as a power input part for driving the short-shaft pointer telescopic driving mechanism, the operating piece is in clutch transmission connection with the short-shaft pointer telescopic driving mechanism, the operating piece is in synchronous clutch transmission connection with the long-shaft pointer driving mechanism and the short-shaft pointer positioning driving mechanism, the total distance pointer is in linkage connection with the operating piece, and the total distance pointer is in clutch type linkage connection with the long-shaft pointer driving mechanism and the short-shaft pointer telescopic driving mechanism through the operating piece.
4. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: the operating part comprises a rod-shaped main body, two rack surfaces which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the rod-shaped main body, a power releasing abdicating surface is arranged between the two rack surfaces on the circumference of the rod-shaped main body, the long-axis pointer driving mechanism comprises a long-axis pointer fixing tooth block which can be meshed with and disengaged from one rack surface of the operating part, the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block is in linear sliding fit with the ruler body, a long-axis measuring pointer is fixedly arranged on the long-axis pointer fixing tooth block, the short-axis pointer positioning driving mechanism comprises a short-axis pointer walking gear which can be meshed with and disengaged from the other rack surface of the operating part, the short-axis pointer walking gear is in linear moving, positioning and fit on the ruler body, the fixed racks which are parallel to the rod-shaped main body are arranged on the ruler body, the short-axis pointer walking gear is meshed with the fixed racks, the short-axis pointer telescopic driving mechanism comprises a moving frame, a short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear is matched on the movable frame in a rotating mode, a short shaft measuring pointer transmission assembly is connected between the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear and the short shaft measuring pointer, the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear and the short shaft pointer traveling gear are arranged at 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the rod-shaped main body, the rod-shaped main body is arranged on the ruler body in a rotating mode, the rotating rod-shaped main body is switched at 90 degrees to form synchronous clutch transmission with the long shaft pointer fixing tooth block and the short shaft pointer traveling gear and is matched with the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear in a clutch transmission mode, the long shaft pointer fixing tooth block, the short shaft pointer traveling gear and the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear are correspondingly meshed with the rack surface of the rod-shaped main body to form power connection, and the long shaft pointer fixing tooth block, the short shaft pointer traveling gear and the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear correspondingly form, the total distance pointer is in running fit with the rod-shaped main body, the total distance pointer is in linkage connection with the rod-shaped main body along the axial direction of the rod-shaped main body, and the telescopic moving stroke of the short shaft measuring pointer driven by the rod-shaped main body is consistent with the telescopic stroke of the short shaft measuring pointer.
5. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: the short shaft measuring pointer transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a short shaft driving gear and a short shaft driving rack, wherein the first bevel gear is coaxially installed with the short shaft telescopic driving clutch gear and synchronously rotates, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, the short shaft driving gear is coaxial with the second bevel gear and synchronously rotates, the short shaft driving rack is meshed with the short shaft driving gear and is arranged in the telescopic direction of the short shaft measuring pointer, and the short shaft measuring pointer is installed on the short shaft driving rack.
6. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ruler body is positioned, rotationally matched with a spline guide shaft, the spline guide shaft is connected with a clutch operation assembly used for driving the spline guide shaft to rotate 90 degrees, the operation end of the clutch operation assembly is exposed out of the top surface of the ruler body, the center of the rod-shaped main body is provided with an axially extending spline hole, the rod-shaped main body is sleeved on the spline guide shaft through the spline hole, the rod-shaped main body is connected with a measurement operation assembly used for driving the rod-shaped main body to slide linearly along the spline guide shaft, the connection end of the measurement operation assembly is rotationally matched with the rod-shaped main body, and the operation end of the measurement operation assembly is exposed out of.
7. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: the measuring operation assembly comprises a linkage arm, a driving nut and a positioning screw rod, one end of the linkage arm is in rotating fit with the operating piece, the other end of the linkage arm is in rotating fit with the driving nut, the driving nut is in threaded fit with the positioning screw rod, and the positioning screw rod is arranged on the ruler body along the length direction of the operating piece.
8. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comparison device comprises a linkage adjusting mechanism for realizing linkage of the SI value indicating needles.
9. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: the linkage adjusting mechanism comprises a grade interval adjusting main rack, an SI value first walking gear fixed rack, an SI value first driving rack, an SI value second walking gear fixed rack, an SI value second transmission rack, an SI value third walking gear fixed rack and an SI value third walking gear assembly, wherein the SI value third walking gear assembly comprises an SI value third walking power input gear, an SI value third walking power output gear and a 0.3-time pointer driving rack, the grade interval adjusting main rack, the SI value first transmission rack, the SI value second transmission rack and the 0.3-time pointer driving rack are parallel and linearly matched on a ruler body in a sliding manner, the tooth surface orientations of the grade interval adjusting main rack, the SI value first transmission rack and the SI value second rack are consistent, the tooth surface of the 0.3-time pointer driving rack is opposite to the tooth surface of the SI value second transmission rack, the 2-time value pointer is arranged on the grade interval adjusting main rack,
the SI value first walking gear fixing rack and the grade interval adjusting main rack are arranged in parallel and opposite, the SI value first walking gear is meshed between the grade interval adjusting main rack and the SI value first walking gear fixing rack, the SI value first driving rack and the 1-time value pointer are both rotationally matched on the SI value first walking gear and synchronously and linearly move along with the SI value first walking gear, and the moving stroke of the SI value first walking gear during the grade interval adjustment is half of the moving stroke of the grade interval adjusting main rack,
the SI value second walking gear fixed rack and the SI value first transmission rack are arranged in parallel and oppositely, the SI value second walking gear is meshed between the SI value second walking gear fixed rack and the SI value first transmission rack, the SI value second transmission rack and the 0.5-time value pointer are both rotationally matched with the SI value second walking gear to synchronously and linearly move along with the SI value second walking gear, the moving stroke of the SI value second walking gear during the adjustment of the grade interval is half of the moving stroke of the SI value first walking gear,
the SI value third traveling gear fixed rack and the SI value second transmission rack are arranged in parallel and oppositely, the SI value third traveling power input gear is meshed between the SI value third traveling gear fixed rack and the SI value second transmission rack, the SI value third traveling power input gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the SI value third traveling power output gear, the SI value third traveling power output gear is meshed with the 0.3 time pointer driving rack, the 0.3 time pointer is fixedly arranged on the 0.3 time pointer driving rack and moves linearly along with the 0.3 time pointer driving rack synchronously, the moving stroke of the 0.3 time pointer driving rack during the adjustment of the grade interval is 0.3 time of the traveling stroke of the SI value first traveling gear,
the grade interval adjusting main rack is provided with an adjusting end which drives the grade interval adjusting main rack to move linearly and is exposed on the surface of the ruler body.
10. The skin prick result interpretation instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: the grade interval adjustment main rack is rotatably connected with a driving arm, the driving arm is rotatably connected with an operating nut relative to the other end of one end connected with the grade interval adjustment main rack, a guide screw rod parallel to the grade interval adjustment main rack is fixed on the ruler body, and the operating nut is screwed on the guide screw rod.
CN201811373831.8A 2018-11-10 2018-11-10 Skin prick result interpretation instrument Active CN109567874B (en)

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