CN109565754A - A kind of coding method and device - Google Patents

A kind of coding method and device Download PDF

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CN109565754A
CN109565754A CN201680088400.XA CN201680088400A CN109565754A CN 109565754 A CN109565754 A CN 109565754A CN 201680088400 A CN201680088400 A CN 201680088400A CN 109565754 A CN109565754 A CN 109565754A
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interference signal
phase
power ratio
coupling power
signal
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CN109565754B (en
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马骏
陈
陈一
李昆
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC

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Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coding method of multiple-input and multiple-output mimo system, which is the mimo system of N × M, comprising: carries out channel estimation to the signal received, wherein, the signal includes k echo signal and k × (k-1) a interference signal, and k is min (N, M)；According to the channel estimation value of the signal, the estimation phase of interference signal is obtained；According to the estimation phase of interference signal, the coupled power ratio of interference signal is obtained；According to the coupled power ratio of the interference signal, the coupled power ratio of echo signal is obtained；The coupled power ratio of the coupled power ratio of echo signal and interference signal is fed back into coupling encoder.The application can make mimo system be adapted to different transmission ranges with fixed antenna spacing, solve the problems, such as that transmission capacity is influenced by transmission range.

Description

Coding method and device Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an encoding method and apparatus for a MIMO system.
Background
As is well known, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission system In a wireless transmission system refers to a Multiple transmission Multiple reception (MIMO) transmission system In which a transmitter and a receiver both have Multiple antennas. The wireless MIMO system is mainly used for same-frequency multiplexing transmission, transmission capacity is improved, and on the premise of the same signal bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio, the maximum transmission capacity of the wireless MIMO of N transmitting antennas and N receiving antennas can reach N times of the transmission capacity of a wireless Single-input Single-output (SISO) transmission system consisting of only 1 transmitting antenna and 1 receiving antenna.
In a MIMO system consisting of a transmitter with N transmit antennas and a receiver with M receive antennas (abbreviated to nxm MIMO system), the transmission capacity is determined by the spacing d of adjacent ones of the N transmit antennas or the M receive antennas. Taking the 2 × 2MIMO system as shown in fig. 1 as an example, if the transmission capacity of the 2 × 2MIMO system is 2 times of the transmission capacity of the SISO system, the distance d needs to satisfy:
where c is the speed of light, f is the carrier frequency, R is the transmission distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and d, which satisfies this formula, is called the antenna rayleigh distance. From the above equation, it can be seen that if R changes, a corresponding adjustment of the spacing d is required to maximize the transmission capacity.
However, in the wireless mobile communication MIMO system, assuming that the MIMO system includes a base station and a terminal device, the spacing between adjacent antennas in the base station and the spacing between adjacent antennas in the terminal device are both fixed, but the transmission distance between the base station and the terminal device is constantly changing, and therefore, the spacing between adjacent antennas cannot be constantly maintained to satisfy the antenna rayleigh distance, resulting in a reduction in the transmission capacity of the MIMO system.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an encoding method for an MIMO system, which solves the problem that the transmission capacity of the MIMO system is reduced because the distance between adjacent antennas cannot be kept to meet the Rayleigh distance of the antennas all the time.
In a first aspect, an encoding method for a MIMO system including N transmit antennas and M receive antennas is provided, including: performing channel estimation on received signals, wherein the signals comprise k target signals and k (k-1) interference signals, and k is min (N, M); obtaining an estimated phase of the interference signal according to the channel estimation value of the signal; obtaining a coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, wherein the coupling power ratio is a ratio of signal power of a signal coupled to a second channel on a first channel to total signal power on the first channel, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively connected with a first antenna and a second antenna; obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal according to the coupling power ratio of the interference signal; and feeding back the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal to a coupling encoder.
The embodiment of the application can change the relation between the antenna distance and the antenna Rayleigh distance when the transmission capacity is maximum by changing the coupling power ratio; when the rayleigh distance of an antenna changes due to a change in transmission distance, the transmission capacity of the MIMO system can be maintained without changing the antenna pitch.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal specifically includes: obtaining a phase change amount of the interference signal according to a difference value between an estimated phase and an expected phase of the interference signal, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum; obtaining an actual phase of the interference signal according to the phase change amount of the interference signal and the first phase of the interference signal, wherein the first phase of the interference signal is the expected phase when the phase estimation is the first time; when the phase estimation is not the first time, the first phase of the interference signal is the actual phase obtained by the interference signal in the last phase estimation; and obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the actual phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio.
With reference to the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal specifically includes: obtaining the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio; obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal, wherein the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is 0 when the current coupling power ratio is calculated for the first time; and when the calculation of the current coupling power ratio is not the first time, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is the coupling power ratio obtained by the interference signal in the last calculation.
The two embodiments described above are two implementations of obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal from the estimated phase of the interference signal, and both of them can obtain the coupling power ratio of the interference signal that keeps the transmission capacity at the maximum.
With reference to the first aspect or the first or second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the coupled encoder is located in a transmitter or a receiver.
With reference to the first aspect or any one possible implementation manner of the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, after obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal, the method further includes: and respectively normalizing the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal. After the coupling power ratio is normalized, the coupling power ratio is sent to a coupling encoder in a transmitter and/or a receiver, so that the transmitting power can be more balanced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is further improved.
With reference to the first aspect or any one possible implementation manner of the first to the fourth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining manner of the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio specifically includes: changing an antenna spacing to set a coupling power ratio of the signal to 0, wherein the antenna spacing is a transmitting antenna spacing or a receiving antenna spacing; performing channel estimation on a received signal, and obtaining an estimated phase of the interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal; selecting an estimated phase of any interference signal to compare with an expected phase, if the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is not equal to the expected phase, adjusting the coupling power ratio of the selected interference signal to make the estimated phase of the selected interference signal the same as the expected phase, wherein the adjusted coupling power ratio corresponds to the estimated phase of the selected interference signal before adjustment, and the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum.
In a second aspect, an encoding apparatus for a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO system including N transmit antennas and M receive antennas is provided, comprising: the device comprises a channel estimation module, a processing module and a feedback module, wherein the channel estimation module is used for carrying out channel estimation on a received signal and obtaining an estimated phase of an interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal, the signal comprises k target signals and k (k-1) interference signals, and k is min (N, M); the processing module is configured to obtain a coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, where the coupling power ratio is a ratio of signal power of a signal coupled to a second channel on a first channel to total signal power on the first channel, and the first channel and the second channel are connected to a first antenna and a second antenna, respectively; the device is also used for obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal according to the coupling power ratio of the interference signal; and the feedback module is used for feeding back the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal to a coupling encoder.
The encoding device provided by the embodiment of the application can change the relation between the antenna spacing and the antenna Rayleigh distance when the transmission capacity is maximum by changing the coupling power ratio; when the rayleigh distance of an antenna changes due to a change in transmission distance, the transmission capacity of the MIMO system can be maintained without changing the antenna pitch.
With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the obtaining, by the processing module, a coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal specifically includes: obtaining a phase change amount of the interference signal according to a difference value between an estimated phase and an expected phase of the interference signal, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum; obtaining an actual phase of the interference signal according to the phase change amount of the interference signal and the first phase of the interference signal, wherein the first phase of the interference signal is the expected phase when the phase estimation is the first time; when the phase estimation is not the first time, the first phase of the interference signal is the actual phase obtained by the interference signal in the last phase estimation; and obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the actual phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio.
With reference to the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the obtaining, by the processing module, a coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal specifically includes: obtaining the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio; obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal, wherein the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is 0 when the current coupling power ratio is calculated for the first time; and when the calculation of the current coupling power ratio is not the first time, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is the coupling power ratio obtained by the interference signal in the last calculation.
The two embodiments described above are two implementations of obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal from the estimated phase of the interference signal, and both of them can obtain the coupling power ratio of the interference signal that keeps the transmission capacity at the maximum.
With reference to the second aspect or the first or second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the coupled encoder is located in a transmitter or a receiver.
With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, after obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal, the processor is further configured to: and respectively normalizing the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal. After the coupling power ratio is normalized, the coupling power ratio is sent to a coupling encoder in a transmitter and/or a receiver, so that the transmitting power can be more balanced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is further improved.
With reference to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the obtaining manner of the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio specifically includes: changing an antenna spacing to set a coupling power ratio of the signal to 0, wherein the antenna spacing is a transmitting antenna spacing or a receiving antenna spacing; performing channel estimation on a received signal, and obtaining an estimated phase of the interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal; selecting an estimated phase of any interference signal to compare with an expected phase, if the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is not equal to the expected phase, adjusting the coupling power ratio of the selected interference signal to make the estimated phase of the selected interference signal the same as the expected phase, wherein the adjusted coupling power ratio corresponds to the estimated phase of the selected interference signal before adjustment, and the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum.
In a third aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when at least one processor of a device executes the computer-executable instructions, the device executes the encoding method provided in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, a computer program product is provided that includes computer executable instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium; the computer executable instructions may be read by at least one processor of the device from a computer readable storage medium, and execution of the computer executable instructions by the at least one processor causes the device to implement the encoding method provided by the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect described above.
The coding method provided by the embodiment of the application can change the relation between the antenna spacing and the antenna Rayleigh distance when the transmission capacity is maximum by changing the coupling power ratio; when the rayleigh distance of an antenna changes due to a change in transmission distance, the transmission capacity of the MIMO system can be maintained without changing the antenna pitch.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 2 × 2MIMO system;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless mobile communication network to which the scheme of the present application can be applied;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an encoding method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 2 × 2MIMO system with coupled encoders;
FIG. 5 is a graph of simulation results of the correspondence between the phase of a signal and the coupling power ratio of the signal;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an encoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a MIMO system having an encoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 2 shows a wireless mobile communication network 200 to which the solution of the present application can be applied. The network 200 includes an Access Point (AP)210 and a plurality of mobile stations 220. AP 210 may include any component capable of establishing an uplink connection (dashed line) and/or a downlink connection (dashed line) with mobile station 220 and providing wireless access, such as base stations, enhanced base stations (enbs), femtocells, and other wireless enabled devices. The mobile station 220 may include any component capable of establishing a wireless connection with the AP 210, such as User Equipment (UE), and terminal devices such as cell phones and tablets.
In the network shown in fig. 2, both the AP 210 and the mobile station 220 may have multiple transmitting antennas and multiple receiving antennas to form a MIMO system, and the distances between the multiple transmitting antennas (or receiving antennas) in the AP 210 and the distances between the multiple receiving antennas (or receiving antennas) in the mobile station 220 are preset and cannot be easily changed, but the position of the mobile station 220 is not fixed, which may affect the transmission capacity of the MIMO system.
The scheme provided by the application is that under the condition that the antenna spacing is not changed, the coupling power ratio of signals is changed to adapt to the change of the transmission distance, and the transmission capacity of the MIMO system is kept. Specifically, when the coupling power ratio is 0, the first ratio (the ratio of the antenna pitch to the antenna rayleigh distance) is 1, so that the transmission capacity can be maximized; when the coupling power ratio is changed, the first ratio that maximizes the transmission capacity will also change. By utilizing the relation, when the Rayleigh distance of the antenna changes due to the change of the transmission distance R, the first ratio is equal to the ratio of the antenna distance to the current Rayleigh distance of the antenna by adjusting the coupling power ratio under the condition that the antenna distance is not changed, so that the maximum transmission capacity is kept.
The present application provides an encoding method for a MIMO system, where the MIMO system includes N transmit antennas and M receive antennas, where N and M are positive integers, and the encoding method is shown in fig. 3, and includes:
301. channel estimation is performed on the received signal.
Specifically, the signal includes k target signals and k × (k-1) interference signals, where k is min (N, M); the maximum capacity of the N × M MIMO system is equivalent to k times SISO transmission system, only k × k antennas of the MIMO system are multiplexed, and more than k antennas (either transmitting antennas or receiving antennas) are used for diversity. In short, multiplexing is to transmit different data on multiple independent paths, fully utilize system resources, and improve system transmission capacity; diversity is to transmit the same data on multiple independent paths, and the receiving end resists channel fading, improves transmission reliability and reduces bit error rate through diversity combining technology. However, in the scheme of the present application, only the multiplexing part in the MIMO system is considered in order to improve the transmission capacity of the system. Each transmitting antenna has a corresponding receiving antenna, for example, the first transmitting antenna corresponds to the first receiving antenna, the first channel includes a channel connected to the first transmitting antenna and a channel connected to the second transmitting antenna, the signal received from the first channel is the target signal, and the signals from the first channel to other channels belong to interference signals, so the signals include k target signals and k × (k-1) interference signals.
302. And obtaining the estimated phase of the interference signal according to the channel estimation value of the signal.
Further, it is assumed that the channel estimation value is denoted by h, and the channel estimation value is a complex number, which may be denoted as h | e |iθWhere θ is phase information. Thus, after obtaining the channel estimation value, the estimated phase of each interfering signal in the signal can be obtained according to the above-mentioned manner.
303. And obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal.
Specifically, the coupling power ratio is a ratio of power of a signal coupled to a second channel from a first channel to a total power of a signal on a first antenna, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively connected to the first antenna and a second antenna, where a channel connected to a first transmitting antenna or a first receiving antenna is the first channel and a channel connected to a second transmitting antenna or a second receiving antenna is the second channel, and fig. 4 illustrates a coupling encoder in a 2 × 2MIMO system, where a coupling encoder 400 of a transmitter couples a part of a signal of the first channel by using a splitter 401 according to a power ratio η, and then superimposes the coupled signal to the second transmitting channel in an inverted phase (phase rotation of 180 degrees) by using an inverter 402 and a combiner 403, and couples a part of a signal of the second channel also to the first transmitting channel in an inverted phase according to a power ratio η, and the coupling encoder in a receiver does the same operation.
Optionally, the coupling power ratio of the interference signal is obtained according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, and the following two ways may be adopted:
(1) obtaining a phase change amount of the interference signal according to a difference value between an estimated phase and an expected phase of the interference signal, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum; alternatively, the expected phase is 0.5 π. Obtaining an actual phase of the interference signal according to the phase change amount of the interference signal and a first phase of the interference signal, wherein the first phase of the interference signal is an expected phase when the phase estimation is carried out for the first time; when the phase estimation is not the first time, the first phase of the interference signal is the actual phase obtained by the interference signal in the last phase estimation; the phase change amount of the interference signal may be understood as a change of an actual phase of the interference signal based on the first phase of the interference signal in the present calculation. And obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the actual phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio.
Specifically, assuming that the first phase of the interference signal is 0.15 pi, the estimated phase of the interference signal is 0.6 pi, and the expected phase is 0.5 pi, the phase change amount of the interference signal is 0.1 pi; since the phase of the interference signal is already adjusted to 0.5 pi after the last adjustment of the coupling amplitude ratio to ensure that the transmission efficiency is kept maximum, the actual phase of the interference signal is increased by 0.1 pi during the calculation, so that the actual phase is 0.25 pi. The phase and coupling power ratio are related as shown in fig. 5, and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal is about 0.35.
It should be noted that if the estimated phase of the interference signal is smaller than the expected phase, the actual phase of the interference signal is reduced, and the estimated phase subtracted from the first phase of the interference signal is required to calculate the actual phase of the interference signal.
Optionally, the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio is obtained as follows:
changing the antenna spacing, and setting the coupling power ratio of the signals to be 0, wherein the antenna spacing is the transmitting antenna spacing or the receiving antenna spacing; receiving the signal, carrying out channel estimation on the signal, and obtaining an estimated phase of an interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal; selecting an estimated phase of any interference signal to compare with an expected phase, if the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is not equal to the expected phase, adjusting the coupling power ratio of the selected interference signal to ensure that the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is the same as the expected phase, and enabling the adjusted coupling power ratio to correspond to the estimated phase of the selected interference signal before adjustment, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum.
It should be understood that when calculating the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio, both the transmitter and the receiver in the MIMO system may have a coupling encoder, and both the transmitter and the receiver may have a coupling encoder, and fig. 5 is obtained when the coupling encoder exists in both the transmitter and the receiver.
Alternatively, a 2 x 2MIMO system may be employed to calculate the correspondence of the phase and coupling power ratios, which is the simplest MIMO system, only two interfering signals are present in the received signal, the interfering signal of the first channel to the second channel and the interfering signal of the second channel to the first channel, under the condition that the coupling power ratio is the same, the estimated phases of the interference signals between the two channels are the same, one interference signal is randomly selected for comparison, after the relationship between the estimated phase of the interference signal and the coupling power ratio is obtained, changing the coupling power ratio to 0, changing the antenna spacing, selecting an interference signal for comparison, the first channel comprises a channel connected with the first transmitting antenna and a channel connected with the first receiving antenna, and the second channel comprises a channel connected with the second transmitting antenna and a channel connected with the second receiving antenna.
Further, a larger-scale MIMO system may also be adopted, and then the interference signals in the received signals will increase, for example, in a 3 × 3MIMO system, six interference signals exist in the received signals, that is, the interference signals between three channels, and under the condition that the coupling power ratio is the same, the estimated phase of the interference signal between every two channels is the same, so there are three different estimated phases; at this time, the estimated phase of one of the interference signals is selected to be compared with the expected phase, and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal is adjusted to make the estimated phase of the interference signal the same as the expected phase. Then, the coupling power ratio is changed to 0, and another interference signal having a different estimated phase from the previously selected interference signal is selected for comparison or after the antenna pitch is changed, an interference signal having a different estimated phase from the previously selected interference signal is selected for comparison.
(2) Obtaining the coupling power ratio variable quantity of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio; obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal, wherein the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is 0 when the current coupling power ratio is calculated for the first time; when the calculation of the current coupling power ratio is not the first time, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is the coupling power ratio obtained when the interference signal is calculated at the last time. Specifically, the amount of change in the coupling power ratio of the interference signal may be understood as a change based on the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal.
For example, still assuming that the first phase of the interference signal is 0.15 pi, the estimated phase of the interference signal is 0.6 pi, and the expected phase is 0.5 pi, it can be known from fig. 5 that the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal is about 0.15, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is about 0.5, and since the estimated phase and the first phase are on both sides of the expected phase, the absolute value obtained by subtracting the two phases is 0.5-0.15, i.e., -0.35.
It should be noted that, if both the estimated phase and the first phase of the interference signal are greater than or less than the expected phase, the amount of change in the coupling power ratio of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal are added.
In the two schemes for calculating the coupling power ratio, the scheme (1) is to determine the current actual phase, calculate the coupling power ratio according to the actual phase and accurately obtain the coupling power ratio; the scheme (2) is a graph of the relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio obtained by simulation, that is, fig. 5 is similar to a linear relationship, so that the change of the phase can be directly mapped to the change of the coupling power ratio, and the coupling power ratio which should be adopted currently can also be obtained.
304. And obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal according to the coupling power ratio of the interference signal.
Specifically, assuming that the signal in the first path is the target signal and the first path includes a portion of the transmitter connected to the first transmitting antenna and a portion of the receiver connected to the first receiving antenna, the coupling power ratio of the target signal is ηnmCan be calculated by the following formula:
or
Wherein, ηniRepresenting the ratio of the power coupled from the signal on the nth path to the power coupled on the ith path, ηinAnd the coupling power ratio of the signal on the ith channel to the nth channel is shown, and n, m and i are all positive integers greater than zero.
It should be understood that since the interference is reciprocal, the energy of the signal transmitted on each channel is almost the same, the channel conditions are the same, and the mutual interference between any two channels can be considered the same under the condition that the initial coupling power ratios are the same, ηniAnd ηinThe values of (a) and (b) are the same; therefore, the coupling power ratio of the target signal can be obtained according to the coupling power ratio of interference signals from the same channel as the target signal or the coupling power ratio of interference signals interfering the channel where the target signal is located.
Optionally, after step 304, the method further comprises: and respectively normalizing the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal. After the coupling power ratio is normalized, the coupling power ratio is sent to a coupling encoder in a transmitter and/or a receiver, so that the transmitting power can be more balanced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is further improved.
305. And feeding back the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal to the coupling encoder.
Specifically, taking a coupled encoder in a 3 × 3MIMO system as an example, assuming that input signals of the coupled encoder are x1, x2, and x3, and output signals are y1, y2, and y3, respectively, after the coupled encoder receives the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal, the output signal y1 is x1 × η11+x2×η21+x3×η31、y2＝x1×η12+x2×η22+x3×η32、y3＝x1×η13+x2×η23+x3×η33Wherein, η11、η22、η33Ratio of coupled powers of both signals of interest, η21Ratio of coupling power for the second channel to the first channel, η31The ratio of the coupled power for the third channel coupled to the first channel, and so on.
Optionally, the coupled encoder may be present in the transmitter; the coupled encoder may also be present in the receiver; the coupled encoder may also be present in both the transmitter and the receiver, as shown in fig. 4. The three cases are functionally identical, differing only in that the third case changes the coupling power ratio by a smaller amount than the first two cases when faced with the same amount of phase change.
Another embodiment of the present application provides an encoding apparatus 600 for a MIMO system, where the MIMO system includes N transmit antennas and M receive antennas, where N and M are positive integers, and the encoding apparatus 600, as shown in fig. 6, includes: a channel estimation module 601, a processing module 602 and a feedback module 603,
the channel estimation module 601 is configured to perform channel estimation on a received signal, and obtain an estimated phase of an interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal.
Wherein the signals include k target signals and k × (k-1) interference signals, k being min (N, M). As to the problem of the number of target signals and interfering signals included in the signal, which has been described in the foregoing embodiments of the method, the present application is embodiedThe embodiments are not described in detail herein. Further, the channel estimation value is a complex number, and assuming that the channel estimation value is represented by a complex number h, the complex number h may be represented as | h | × eiθWhere θ is phase information. Thus, after obtaining the channel estimation value, the estimated phase of each interfering signal in the signal can be obtained according to the above-mentioned manner.
A processing module 602, configured to obtain a coupling power ratio of an interference signal according to an estimated phase of the interference signal, where the coupling power ratio is a ratio of signal power of a signal coupled to a second channel in a first channel to total signal power in the first channel, and the first channel and the second channel are connected to a first antenna and a second antenna, respectively; and the interference signal processing unit is further configured to obtain a coupling power ratio of a target signal according to a coupling power ratio of a first interference signal in the k × (k-1) interference signals, where the first interference signal and the target signal are from the same channel and interfere with other channels.
Specifically, the first channel includes a channel connected to the first transmitting antenna and a channel connected to the first receiving antenna, and the second channel includes a channel connected to the second transmitting antenna and a channel connected to the second receiving antenna.
Further, the processing module 602 obtains the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal in two specific ways:
(1) obtaining a phase change amount of the interference signal according to a difference value between an estimated phase and an expected phase of the interference signal, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum; alternatively, the expected phase is 0.5 π. Obtaining an actual phase of the interference signal according to the phase change amount of the interference signal and a first phase of the interference signal, wherein the first phase of the interference signal is an expected phase when the phase estimation is carried out for the first time; when the phase estimation is not the first time, the first phase of the interference signal is the actual phase obtained by the interference signal in the last phase estimation; the phase change amount of the interference signal may be understood as a change of an actual phase of the interference signal based on the first phase of the interference signal in the present calculation. And obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the actual phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio.
Optionally, the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio is obtained as follows:
changing the antenna spacing, and setting the coupling power ratio of the signals to be 0, wherein the antenna spacing is the transmitting antenna spacing or the receiving antenna spacing; receiving the signal, carrying out channel estimation on the signal, and obtaining an estimated phase of an interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal; selecting an estimated phase of any interference signal to compare with an expected phase, if the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is not equal to the expected phase, adjusting the coupling power ratio of the selected interference signal to ensure that the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is the same as the expected phase, and enabling the adjusted coupling power ratio to correspond to the estimated phase of the selected interference signal before adjustment, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum.
It should be understood that, when calculating the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio, both the transmitter and the receiver in the MIMO system may have a coupled encoder, and both the transmitter and the receiver may have a coupled encoder.
(2) Obtaining the coupling power ratio variable quantity of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio; obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal, wherein the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is 0 when the current coupling power ratio is calculated for the first time; when the calculation of the current coupling power ratio is not the first time, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is the coupling power ratio obtained when the interference signal is calculated at the last time. Specifically, the amount of change in the coupling power ratio of the interference signal may be understood as a change based on the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal.
Optionally, the processor 602 is further configured to normalize the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal respectively after obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal. After the coupling power ratio is normalized, the coupling power ratio is sent to a coupling encoder in a transmitter and/or a receiver, so that the transmitting power can be more balanced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is further improved.
A feedback module 603, configured to feed back the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal to the coupled encoder.
Alternatively, the coupled encoder may be located in the transmitter or in the receiver; in addition, the transmitter and receiver may have coupled encoders present at the same time, as shown in fig. 4. The three cases are functionally identical, differing only in that the third case changes the coupling power ratio by a smaller amount than the first two cases when faced with the same amount of phase change.
Another embodiment of the present application provides an encoding apparatus 700, which includes a receiver 701, a processor 702, and a transmitter 703; the receiver 701 is used for receiving signals; the processor 702 is configured to perform step 301 and 304; the transmitter 703 is configured to perform step 305. Specifically, a schematic diagram of a MIMO system having an encoding apparatus 700 is shown in fig. 7.
In addition, the manner of obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the manner of obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal according to the coupling power ratio of the interference signal are described in detail in the previous embodiments, and the embodiments of the present application are not described herein again.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when at least one processor of a device executes the computer-executable instructions, the device executes the encoding method shown in fig. 3.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium; the computer executable instructions may be read by at least one processor of the device from a computer readable storage medium, and execution of the computer executable instructions by the at least one processor causes the device to perform the encoding method shown in fig. 3.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (12)

  1. An encoding method for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, system comprising N transmit antennas and M receive antennas, comprising:
    performing channel estimation on received signals, wherein the signals comprise k target signals and k (k-1) interference signals, and k is min (N, M);
    obtaining an estimated phase of the interference signal according to the channel estimation value of the signal;
    obtaining a coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, wherein the coupling power ratio is a ratio of signal power of a signal coupled to a second channel on a first channel to total signal power on the first channel, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively connected with a first antenna and a second antenna;
    obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal according to the coupling power ratio of the interference signal;
    and feeding back the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal to a coupling encoder.
  2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal comprises:
    obtaining a phase change amount of the interference signal according to a difference value between an estimated phase and an expected phase of the interference signal, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum;
    obtaining an actual phase of the interference signal according to the phase change amount of the interference signal and the first phase of the interference signal, wherein the first phase of the interference signal is the expected phase when the phase estimation is the first time; when the phase estimation is not the first time, the first phase of the interference signal is the actual phase obtained by the interference signal in the last phase estimation;
    and obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the actual phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio.
  3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal comprises:
    obtaining the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio;
    obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal, wherein the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is 0 when the current coupling power ratio is calculated for the first time; and when the calculation of the current coupling power ratio is not the first time, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is the coupling power ratio obtained by the interference signal in the last calculation.
  4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coupled encoder is located in a transmitter or receiver.
  5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein after obtaining the coupled power ratio of the target signal, the method further comprises:
    and respectively normalizing the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal.
  6. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the manner of obtaining the correspondence between the phase and the coupling power ratio specifically includes:
    changing an antenna spacing to set a coupling power ratio of the signal to 0, wherein the antenna spacing is a transmitting antenna spacing or a receiving antenna spacing;
    performing channel estimation on a received signal, and obtaining an estimated phase of the interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal;
    selecting an estimated phase of any interference signal to compare with an expected phase, if the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is not equal to the expected phase, adjusting the coupling power ratio of the selected interference signal to make the estimated phase of the selected interference signal the same as the expected phase, wherein the adjusted coupling power ratio corresponds to the estimated phase of the selected interference signal before adjustment, and the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum.
  7. An encoding apparatus for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, system comprising N transmit antennas and M receive antennas, comprising: a channel estimation module, a processing module and a feedback module,
    the channel estimation module is configured to perform channel estimation on a received signal, and obtain an estimated phase of an interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal, where the signal includes k target signals and k × (k-1) interference signals, and k is min (N, M);
    the processing module is configured to obtain a coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, where the coupling power ratio is a ratio of signal power of a signal coupled to a second channel on a first channel to total signal power on the first channel, and the first channel and the second channel are connected to a first antenna and a second antenna, respectively; the device is also used for obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal according to the coupling power ratio of the interference signal;
    and the feedback module is used for feeding back the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal to a coupling encoder.
  8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the processing module obtains the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, specifically:
    obtaining a phase change amount of the interference signal according to a difference value between an estimated phase and an expected phase of the interference signal, wherein the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum;
    obtaining an actual phase of the interference signal according to the phase change amount of the interference signal and the first phase of the interference signal, wherein the first phase of the interference signal is the expected phase when the phase estimation is the first time; when the phase estimation is not the first time, the first phase of the interference signal is the actual phase obtained by the interference signal in the last phase estimation;
    and obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the actual phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio.
  9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the processing module obtains the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal, specifically:
    obtaining the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal according to the estimated phase of the interference signal and the corresponding relation between the phase and the coupling power ratio;
    obtaining the coupling power ratio of the interference signal according to the coupling power ratio variation of the interference signal and the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal, wherein the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is 0 when the current coupling power ratio is calculated for the first time; and when the calculation of the current coupling power ratio is not the first time, the first coupling power ratio of the interference signal is the coupling power ratio obtained by the interference signal in the last calculation.
  10. The apparatus of any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the coupled encoder is located in a transmitter or a receiver.
  11. The apparatus of any of claims 7-10, wherein the processor, after obtaining the coupling power ratio of the target signal, is further configured to:
    and respectively normalizing the coupling power ratio of the target signal and the coupling power ratio of the interference signal.
  12. The apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the manner of obtaining the corresponding relationship between the phase and the coupling power ratio specifically includes:
    changing an antenna spacing to set a coupling power ratio of the signal to 0, wherein the antenna spacing is a transmitting antenna spacing or a receiving antenna spacing;
    performing channel estimation on a received signal, and obtaining an estimated phase of the interference signal according to a channel estimation value of the signal;
    selecting an estimated phase of any interference signal to compare with an expected phase, if the estimated phase of the selected interference signal is not equal to the expected phase, adjusting the coupling power ratio of the selected interference signal to make the estimated phase of the selected interference signal the same as the expected phase, wherein the adjusted coupling power ratio corresponds to the estimated phase of the selected interference signal before adjustment, and the expected phase is the phase of the interference signal obtained when the transmission efficiency is maximum.
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