CN109559566B - A planning method for visual flight route in terminal area of busy airport - Google Patents
A planning method for visual flight route in terminal area of busy airport Download PDFInfo
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- G08—SIGNALLING
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- G08G5/51—Navigation or guidance aids for control when on the ground, e.g. taxiing or rolling
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/30—Flight plan management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/50—Navigation or guidance aids
- G08G5/55—Navigation or guidance aids for a single aircraft
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/50—Navigation or guidance aids
- G08G5/56—Navigation or guidance aids for two or more aircraft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
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- G08G5/59—Navigation or guidance aids in accordance with predefined flight zones, e.g. to avoid prohibited zones
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Abstract
本发明公开一种繁忙机场终端区目视飞行航路的规划方法，包括如下步骤：步骤1：获取繁忙机场终端区的空域环境信息，构建终端区空域环境仿真平台；步骤2：在步骤1构建的终端区空域环境内，根据需求设计目视飞行航路起止点，连接起止点和航路点，同时根据相关标准设计初步的目视飞行航路；步骤3：对初步设计的目视飞行航路进行水平方向上的优化处理、检查及调整；步骤4：对步骤3水平优化调整后的目视飞行航路进行垂直方向上的安全性检查，判断是否满足指标，若不满足则进行相应的调整；步骤5：将目视飞行航路平滑化，在仿真平台内确定最终目视飞行航路。此种方法为通用航空在繁忙机场终端区内飞行提供一种方法，为实现安全运行提供了可能。
The invention discloses a method for planning a visual flight route in a terminal area of a busy airport, comprising the following steps: Step 1: obtaining airspace environment information of the terminal area of a busy airport, and constructing a simulation platform for the airspace environment of the terminal area; In the airspace environment of the terminal area, design the starting and ending points of the visual flight route according to the requirements, connect the starting and ending points and the waypoints, and design the preliminary visual flight route according to the relevant standards; Step 3: Carry out the horizontal direction of the preliminary visual flight route. The optimization processing, inspection and adjustment of ; The visual flight path is smoothed, and the final visual flight path is determined in the simulation platform. This method provides a method for general aviation to fly in the terminal area of a busy airport, and provides the possibility to achieve safe operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a method for planning a visual flight route in a busy airport terminal area.
Background
General aviation refers to civil aviation activities other than public aviation transportation, including working flights in industry, agriculture, forestry, fishery and construction industry, and flight activities in aspects of medical health, rescue and relief, meteorological exploration, ocean monitoring, scientific experiments, educational training, cultural sports and the like. A general airport and a general aviation take-off and landing point are points that provide services such as take-off and landing for civil aircrafts that are engaged in general aviation.
The terminal control area is often arranged in a control area at the junction of air traffic service routes near one or more main airports, and the climbing phase after the takeoff of the flight and the approach phase before the landing of the flight occur in the area, and the terminal control area is a transition area from the flight to the landing phase of the routes. The present invention proposes to regard the terminal area of a busy airport as a terminal area with an airport having a annual passenger traffic of 20,000,000 or more and an annual commercial flight number of 160,000 or more as an operation center.
In recent years, with the rapid development of general aviation in China, the airspace for general aviation flight is gradually crowded, and how to improve the airspace is improved, so that the scheme is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planning a visual flight route of a busy airport terminal area, which provides a method for general aviation to fly in the busy airport terminal area and provides possibility for realizing safe operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
a method for planning a visual flight route in a busy airport terminal area comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring airspace environment information of a busy airport terminal area, and constructing a terminal area airspace environment simulation platform;
step 2: in the terminal area airspace environment constructed in the step 1, designing a visual flight route starting and stopping point according to requirements, connecting the starting and stopping point with the route point, and designing a primary visual flight route according to relevant standards;
and step 3: carrying out optimization processing, inspection and adjustment on the preliminarily designed visual flight path in the horizontal direction;
and 4, step 4: carrying out safety inspection in the vertical direction on the visual flight path after the horizontal optimization adjustment in the step 3, judging whether the indexes are met, and if not, carrying out corresponding adjustment;
and 5: and smoothing the visual flight path, and determining the final visual flight path in the simulation platform.
In the step 1, the airspace environment information includes a terminal area boundary, a civil transportation airport, a navigation airport, a runway, a special airspace, all route points, a position report point, an obstacle, an approach-departure flight program in the terminal area, an instrument approach flight program and a navigation station.
In the step 1, the obtained airspace environment information is utilized, the Java language is utilized to construct the terminal area airspace structure in the ArcGIS software, and a three-dimensional view of the terminal area airspace is provided.
In the step 2, the navigation airport and the navigation take-off and landing point are used as the navigation visual flight route start and stop points, and the route point with the shortest route after connection is used for determining the start and stop points and the route point.
In step 2 above, the relevant criteria refer to the ICAO DOC8168 and BADA databases.
The specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
step 3-1: designing a visual flight route optimization target to ensure that the visual flight route is as short as possible;
step 3-2: setting constraint conditions for the optimization target in the step 3-1, and avoiding the overhead of a special area and a civil aviation airport runway;
step 3-3: and (4) drawing the optimized visual flight path into the simulation platform in the step 1 for horizontal inspection and adjustment.
The specific process of the step 4 is as follows:
step 4-1: checking whether the visual flight route and the route in the terminal area meet the vertical safety interval;
step 4-2: checking whether the visual flight path meets the obstacle crossing condition;
step 4-3: checking whether the visual flight path meets the airplane performance requirement of the navigation aircraft;
step 4-4: and if the steps 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 are not met, correspondingly adjusting the visual flight path, drawing the adjusted visual flight path into the simulation platform, and repeating the steps 3-3 and the steps 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 until all the conditions of 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 are met.
After the scheme is adopted, the visual flight route of the general aviation is planned and optimized in the busy airport terminal area, so that the flight limit area and the airspace above the civil aviation runway can be avoided as far as possible, the existing airspace is fully utilized, and a method is provided for the general aviation to fly in the busy airport terminal area; and meanwhile, the inspection of horizontal and vertical safety indexes is met, and the possibility is provided for realizing safe operation.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) optimization processing in the horizontal direction is provided for the visual flight path, and an idea is provided for designing a visual flight path objective function and constraint conditions;
(2) safety inspection in the vertical direction is carried out for visual flight routes, and the possibility of meeting vertical safety standards is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a method for planning a visual flight route in a busy airport terminal area, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: acquiring airspace environment information of a terminal area of a busy airport, wherein the airspace environment information comprises a terminal area boundary, a civil transport airport, a navigation airport, a runway, a special airspace, all route points, position report points, obstacles, an entering and leaving flight program in the terminal area, an instrument approaching flight program, a navigation platform and the like, and constructing the airspace environment of the terminal area.
Specifically, the corresponding information of the terminal area airspace environment of the busy airport is obtained from a 'domestic aviation data assembly' manual and a control operation manual, the terminal area boundary, the civil transport airport, the navigation airport, the runway, the special airspace, all waypoints, the position report point, the obstacle, the entering and leaving flight program in the terminal area, the instrument approaching flight program, the navigation platform and the like are included, the terminal area airspace structure is constructed in ArcGIS software by using Java language, and a three-dimensional view of the terminal area airspace is provided.
Step 2: and (3) in the terminal area airspace environment constructed in the step (1), designing a visual flight route starting and stopping point according to requirements, connecting the starting and stopping point with a route point (selecting the route point with the shortest route after connection), and designing a preliminary visual flight route according to related standards.
And selecting the corresponding navigation airport or navigation take-off and landing point as the visual flight route start-off point according to the requirements of the navigation plan. And connecting the starting point and the ending point of the visual flight path and the path point in the terminal area (selecting the path point with the shortest path after connection), and designing the initial visual flight path according to the relevant standards of the general aircraft by referring to ICAO DOC8168 (navigation service program-aircraft operation) and a BADA database.
And step 3: and carrying out optimization processing, inspection and adjustment on the preliminarily designed visual flight path in the horizontal direction.
Step 3-1: designing a visual flight route optimization target to ensure that the path of the visual flight route is as short as possible, wherein the path length is defined as the length d of all the flight sectionsijAnd D is the airway path:
wherein V represents all nodes in the airway network, element ViN represents the number of visual flight path start and stop points and connected waypoints as follows:
V＝{v1,...,vn}
dijis a node viAnd vjDistance between legs, by (x)i,yi) Denotes viPosition information, in (x)j,yj) Denotes vjThe position information is defined as shown in the following formula:
step 3-2: setting constraint conditions for the optimization target in the step 3-1, and avoiding the overhead of a special area and a civil aviation airport runway;
1) and avoiding a special airspace. The special airspace is composed of a restricted area, a dangerous area and a forbidden area. The special spatial domain set is represented by U, and line (i, j) is viAnd vjIn the inter-flight section, the aircraft cannot pass through and fly into the special airspace, i.e. line (i, j) cannot intersect with the special airspace U。
2) Avoiding the air above the runway of the civil aviation airport. The visual flight route avoids the space above the runway of the civil aviation airport and mainly avoids the approach procedure of each instrument in the civil aviation airport. In order to avoid the approach procedures of the instruments, the visual flight route should avoid the airspace after the airspace is expanded by delta (delta is taken according to the actual condition) after the airspace is connected by the initial approach positioning points (IAFs) in each instrument approach procedure. This space domain is denoted by A, and line (i, j) cannot intersect A.
Step 3-3: and (4) drawing the optimized visual flight path into the simulation platform in the step 1 for horizontal inspection and adjustment.
And horizontally checking whether the visual flight paths intersect with a special airspace and instrument approach program or not, checking whether the designed visual flight paths meet the horizontal interval standard or not, if not, carrying out optimization adjustment again until the requirements of horizontal check are met, and drawing the adjusted visual flight paths into the simulation platform.
And 4, step 4: and (4) carrying out safety inspection in the vertical direction on the visual flight path after the horizontal optimization adjustment in the step (3), judging whether the indexes are met, and carrying out corresponding adjustment if the indexes are not met.
Step 4-1: and checking whether the visual flight route and the route in the terminal area meet the vertical safety interval.
Step 4-2: and checking whether the visual flight path meets the obstacle crossing condition.
Obstacle crossing means that the aircraft needs to keep a sufficient vertical distance with a ground obstacle when flying along a visual flight route. Suppose that the current flight altitude of the aircraft is haThe minimum obstacle clearance of the current flight is MOC, and the height of the obstacle is hjVertical distance of aircraft from obstaclehsIt should satisfy:
step 4-3: checking whether the visual flight path meets the airplane performance requirement of the navigation aircraft;
the following two approaches are available for obtaining the flight performance of various aircrafts:
1) checking various aircraft performance requirements through an ICAO DOC8168 (navigation service program-aircraft operation);
2) various aircraft performances are checked through the BADA database.
Step 4-4: and if the steps 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 are not met, correspondingly adjusting the visual flight path, drawing the adjusted visual flight path into the simulation platform, and repeating the steps 3-3 and the subsequent steps until the vertical standard is met.
And when the visual flight path does not meet the safety inspection in the vertical direction, correspondingly adjusting the height, the climbing angle, the gliding angle and the like, drawing the adjusted visual flight path into the simulation platform, and checking the horizontal direction and the vertical direction again until all safety indexes are met.
And 5: and smoothing the visual flight path, and determining the final visual flight path in the simulation platform.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for planning a visual flight route in a busy airport terminal area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring airspace environment information of a busy airport terminal area, and constructing a terminal area airspace environment simulation platform;
step 2: in the terminal area airspace environment constructed in the step 1, designing a visual flight route starting and stopping point according to requirements, connecting the starting and stopping point with the route point, and designing a primary visual flight route according to relevant standards;
and step 3: carrying out optimization processing, inspection and adjustment on the preliminarily designed visual flight path in the horizontal direction; the specific process is as follows:
step 3-1: designing a visual flight route optimization target to ensure that the visual flight route is as short as possible;
step 3-2: setting constraint conditions for the optimization target in the step 3-1, and avoiding the overhead of a special area and a civil aviation airport runway;
step 3-3: drawing the optimized visual flight path into the simulation platform in the step 1 for horizontal inspection and adjustment;
and 4, step 4: carrying out safety inspection in the vertical direction on the visual flight path after the horizontal optimization adjustment in the step 3, judging whether the indexes are met, and if not, carrying out corresponding adjustment; the specific process is as follows:
step 4-1: checking whether the visual flight route and the route in the terminal area meet the vertical safety interval;
step 4-2: checking whether the visual flight path meets the obstacle crossing condition;
step 4-3: checking whether the visual flight path meets the airplane performance requirement of the navigation aircraft;
step 4-4: if the steps 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 are not met, correspondingly adjusting the visual flight path, drawing the adjusted visual flight path into the simulation platform, and repeating the steps 3-3 and 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 until all the conditions of 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 are met;
and 5: and smoothing the visual flight path, and determining the final visual flight path in the simulation platform.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step 1, the airspace environment information comprises a terminal area boundary, a civil transport airport, a navigation airport, a runway, a special airspace, all route points, position report points, obstacles, an approach-departure flight program in the terminal area, an instrument approach flight program and a navigation platform.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step 1, the obtained airspace environment information is utilized, the Java language is utilized to construct a terminal area airspace structure in ArcGIS software, and a three-dimensional view of the terminal area airspace is provided.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step 2, a navigation airport and a navigation take-off and landing point are used as a navigation visual flight route start and stop point, and the start and stop point and the route point are determined by the route point with the shortest route after connection.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in step 2, the relevant standards refer to ICAO DOC8168 and BADA databases.
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| CN111081072B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-07-05 | 西北工业大学 | A Method of Precise FAF Circular Approach Based on Isometric Routes |
| CN111007875B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-10-27 | 成都纵横自动化技术股份有限公司 | Flight mission planning method and device, autopilot and aircraft |
| CN111652786B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2023-10-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | A route planning method for adding high-altitude routes to the terminal area |
| CN114898597B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-11-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | A visual route navigation method and system |
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