CN109558658A - High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading composes preparation method and device - Google Patents
High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading composes preparation method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading spectrum preparation method and devices, this method comprises: being directed to pre-set velocity grade, select train of high-speed motor train unit operating line.Aerodynamics test is carried out according to the route.Aerodynamic loading database is established using the test data that aerodynamics is tested.It is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.The present invention can work out aerodynamic loading spectrum, compose the aerodynamic loading that the available train is subject in operation according to aerodynamic loading, and then carry out careful design to the pneumatic fatigue life of train and its components, reduce the operation maintenance cost of train.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pneumatics field more particularly to a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading spectrum preparation method and dresses
It sets.
Background technique
With the raising of the motor train unit train speed of service, the power effect with surrounding air obviously aggravates, one side gas
Dynamic effect acts on train itself and train operation generation, and pneumatic phenomenon is to ring around caused by another aspect train high-speed cruising
Border has an impact.When especially train passes through tunnel and the meeting in tunnel in high speed meeting on open-wire line, at a high speed, pressure
The diffusion space of wave is restricted, and can be carried out back propagation in the confined space and is superimposed repeatedly, and complicated aerodynamic effect and transition are generated
Aerodynamic loading.
The aerodynamic loading of repeated action will affect the fatigue strength of motor train unit train, increase the operation maintenance cost of train,
In order to solve this problem, must obtain the aerodynamic loading that train may be subject in operation before manufacture, so to train and its
Pneumatic fatigue lives of components carries out careful design, and at present there is no method can accurately instruct train of high-speed motor train unit and
The pneumatic Fatigue life design of its components.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loadings to compose preparation method, to train and its zero
The pneumatic fatigue life of part carries out careful design, reduces the operation maintenance cost of train, this method comprises:
For pre-set velocity grade, train of high-speed motor train unit operating line is selected；
Aerodynamics test is carried out according to the route；
Aerodynamic loading database is established using the test data that aerodynamics is tested；
It is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.
Optionally, for pre-set velocity grade, selection meets one of following condition or combined train of high-speed motor train unit fortune
Seek route:
Tunnel accounting is greater than the first preset value, and rate of traffic flow is greater than the second preset value, and line length is greater than third preset value,
Length of tunnel distribution is greater than preset range.
Optionally, during the test data tested using aerodynamics establishes aerodynamic loading database, to gas
The time domain data of dynamic loading is counted.
Optionally, this method further include:
Obtain the intersection information of the different frequencys being subject to when train of high-speed motor train unit operation, and by the intersection information supplement
To the aerodynamic loading database.
Optionally, it during being composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading, is worked out using rain flow method
Aerodynamic loading spectrum.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loadings to compose scheduling apparatus, to train and its zero
The pneumatic fatigue life of component carries out careful design, reduces the operation maintenance cost of train, which includes:
Selecting module selects train of high-speed motor train unit operating line for being directed to pre-set velocity grade；
Tentative module, for carrying out aerodynamics test according to the route；
Database module, the test data for being tested using aerodynamics establish aerodynamic loading database；
Compiling module, for being composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.
Optionally, the train of high-speed motor train unit operating line of the selecting module selection meets one of following condition or group
It closes:
Tunnel accounting is greater than the first preset value, and rate of traffic flow is greater than the second preset value, and line length is greater than third preset value,
Length of tunnel distribution is greater than preset range.
Optionally, the device further include: statistical module, for establishing gas in the test data tested using aerodynamics
During dynamic loading database, the time domain data of aerodynamic loading is counted.
Optionally, the device further include:
Data complementary module, for obtaining the intersection information for the different frequencys being subject to when train of high-speed motor train unit operation, and
By the intersection information supplement to the aerodynamic loading database.
Optionally, compiling module is composed using rain flow method establishment aerodynamic loading.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and storage are on a memory simultaneously
The computer program that can be run on a processor, the processor realize the above method when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, and the computer-readable recording medium storage has
Execute the computer program of the above method.
High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading provided in an embodiment of the present invention composes preparation method, by selecting train of high-speed motor train unit
Operating line carries out aerodynamics test, and establishes aerodynamic loading database using the test data that aerodynamics is tested,
It is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading, the gas that the available train is subject in operation is composed according to aerodynamic loading
Dynamic loading, and then careful design is carried out to the pneumatic fatigue life of train and its components, reduce the operation maintenance of train at
This.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that high speed of embodiment of the present invention EMU aerodynamic loading composes preparation method；
Fig. 2 is the specific example figure that high speed of embodiment of the present invention EMU aerodynamic loading composes scheduling apparatus；
Fig. 3 is aerodynamic loading amplitude variation diagram when high speed of embodiment of the present invention EMU passes through emperor ridge tunnel.
Specific embodiment
Understand in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing to this hair
Bright embodiment is described in further details.Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but simultaneously
It is not as a limitation of the invention.
With the raising of the motor train unit train speed of service, the power effect with surrounding air obviously aggravates, one side gas
Dynamic effect acts on train itself and train operation generation, and pneumatic phenomenon is to ring around caused by another aspect train high-speed cruising
Border has an impact.When especially train passes through tunnel and the meeting in tunnel in high speed meeting on open-wire line, at a high speed, pressure
The diffusion space of wave is restricted, and can be carried out back propagation in the confined space and is superimposed repeatedly, and complicated aerodynamic effect and transition are generated
Aerodynamic loading.The aerodynamic loading of repeated action will affect the fatigue strength of motor train unit train, increase the operation maintenance cost of train,
In order to solve this problem, must obtain the aerodynamic loading that train may be subject in operation before manufacture, so to train and its
Pneumatic fatigue lives of components carries out careful design, and at present there is no method can accurately instruct train of high-speed motor train unit and
The pneumatic Fatigue life design of its components.
Based on above-mentioned, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loadings to compose preparation method, such as 1 institute of attached drawing
Show, this method comprises:
Step 101 is directed to pre-set velocity grade, selects train of high-speed motor train unit operating line.
Step 102 carries out aerodynamics test according to the route.
Step 103 establishes aerodynamic loading database using the test data that aerodynamics is tested.
Step 104 is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.
High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading provided in an embodiment of the present invention composes preparation method, by selecting train of high-speed motor train unit
Operating line carries out aerodynamics test, and establishes aerodynamic loading database using the test data that aerodynamics is tested,
It is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading, the gas that the available train is subject in operation is composed according to aerodynamic loading
Dynamic loading, and then careful design is carried out to the pneumatic fatigue life of train and its components, reduce the operation maintenance of train at
This.
For step 101, due to tunnel quantity, density, length and the distribution of lengths of aerodynamic loading spectrum and actual track,
The factors such as rate of traffic flow are closely bound up.Therefore, the aerodynamic loading spectrum of every route is all different.For different overall trip speeds etc.
Grade analyzes the road conditions feature for each high-speed line opened, and comprehensively considers the various influence factors of actual track, and selection has generation
The Typical Route of table is highly important.
In order to meet the requirements every factor, in embodiments of the present invention, for pre-set velocity grade, selection meets as follows
One of condition or combined train of high-speed motor train unit operating line:
Tunnel accounting is greater than the first preset value, and rate of traffic flow is greater than the second preset value, and line length is greater than third preset value,
Length of tunnel distribution is greater than preset range.
For step 102, when carrying out dynamic test according to route, can motor train unit train to be tested headstock,
The outer absolute pressure transducer of High-precision vehicle is arranged at the tailstock, is carried out according to route desin speed grade and is tested.Specific implementation has two
Kind testing program.One of scheme is that (data in the stage contain for completion during the combined test before line clear is tested
The factors such as line spacing, train speed, train shape, train length, tunnel cross-section product, length of tunnel, tunnel auxiliary equipment are to fortune
The influence of ranks vehicle aerodynamic loading, but not including that the influence of operating line rate of traffic flow factor), this scheme not will receive iron
The influence of road bureau's operation, point layout and operating condition of test can be completed as desired as far as possible.Another scheme is to run
Measuring point is arranged in EMU, is then tested in operating line, and this scheme most can be obtained accurately when train is being transported
The complete aerodynamic loading being subject in battalion, but due to arranging that its operation safety of measuring point not can guarantee outside vehicle, it is desirable that railway
Office's cooperation correlation test is difficult to realize, so the first scheme is generally selected in the authorized strength work of aerodynamic loading spectrum.
Further, when selecting the first above-mentioned scheme, since combined test test uses synthetic detection vehicle list
It is listed in route operation, there is no the operating condition of tunnel intersection and open-wire line intersection, these operating conditions need to have formulated in subsequent operation figure
It is counted after, carries out Supplementing Data, keep aerodynamic loading suffered by the train obtained more complete, the embodiment of the present invention mentions
The high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading of confession composes preparation method further include: obtains the different frequencys being subject to when train of high-speed motor train unit operation
Intersection information, and by the intersection information supplement to the aerodynamic loading database.
Wherein, above-mentioned Supplementing Data refers to the route map of train according to selected route, studies rate of traffic flow factor
Influence to aerodynamic loading, i.e., all intersection operating conditions being likely to occur during research motor train unit train operation, including open-wire line
Intersection and in different length tunnel different location intersection, with supplement improve relevant aerodynamic loading data.
Further, it is also possible to carry out above-mentioned data adjunctive program using emulation technology.
In embodiments of the present invention, the mistake of aerodynamic loading database is established in the test data tested using aerodynamics
Cheng Zhong counts the time domain data of aerodynamic loading.
It is counted by the time domain data to aerodynamic loading, can clearly obtain the significant figure of train pneumatic load
According to.Specifically, for example, when carrying out dynamic test to train, road total length degree is 300km, and only preceding 50km is
The valid data that we need, then, in order to reduce the labor intensity of staff, the data to rear 250km is avoided to unite
Meter, it is necessary to which the time domain data of aerodynamic loading is counted.
In embodiments of the present invention, during composing using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading, rain stream is used
Counting method works out aerodynamic loading spectrum.
Wherein, rain flow method is that the higher DOUBLE PARAMETERS COUNTING METHOD of domestic and international degree of recognition represents, there is mechanical concept to define,
It is simple and easy, be easy to computer programming and each wave crest, trough not repeat count the features such as.It is right by using rain flow method
Real vehicle road test data are handled (including Zero-drifting processing, filtering processing, smoothing processing etc.), are supplemented in conjunction with above-mentioned data
Operation, study science reasonable threshold value and hierarchical processing method, counts the frequency of different aerodynamic loading amplitudes, finally obtains gas
Dynamic loading spectrum.
Based on the same inventive concept, a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading spectrum establishment dress is additionally provided in the embodiment of the present invention
It sets, as described in the following examples.The principle and Gao Sudong solved the problems, such as due to high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading spectrum scheduling apparatus
Vehicle group aerodynamic loading spectrum preparation method is similar, and therefore, the implementation of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading spectrum scheduling apparatus may refer to height
The implementation of fast EMU aerodynamic loading spectrum preparation method, overlaps will not be repeated.It is used below, term " unit " or
The combination of the software and/or hardware of predetermined function may be implemented in " module ".Although device is preferably described in following embodiment
It is realized with software, but the realization of the combination of hardware or software and hardware is also that may and be contemplated.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loadings to compose scheduling apparatus, as shown in Fig. 2, the device
Include:
Selecting module 201 selects train of high-speed motor train unit operating line for being directed to pre-set velocity grade.
Tentative module 202, for carrying out aerodynamics test according to the route.
Database module 203, the test data for being tested using aerodynamics establish aerodynamic loading database.
Compiling module 204, for being composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.
Further, the train of high-speed motor train unit operating line that selecting module 201 selects meets one of following condition or group
It closes:
Tunnel accounting is greater than the first preset value, and rate of traffic flow is greater than the second preset value, and line length is greater than third preset value,
Length of tunnel distribution is greater than preset range.
In embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the device further include: statistical module 301, for utilizing air
During the test data of dynamic test establishes aerodynamic loading database, the time domain data of aerodynamic loading is counted.
In embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the device further include:
Data complementary module 302, for obtaining the intersection information for the different frequencys being subject to when train of high-speed motor train unit operation,
And by the intersection information supplement to the aerodynamic loading database.
In embodiments of the present invention, compiling module is composed using rain flow method establishment aerodynamic loading.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer equipments, including memory, processor and storage are on a memory
And the computer program that can be run on a processor, the processor realize the above method when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer-readable recording medium storage
There is the computer program for executing the above method.
Below with a kind of specific example, above scheme is illustrated:
Specifically, this example includes tri- kinds of speed class of 300km/h, 250km/h, 200km/h, overall trip speed 300km/
H to access line three: Wu Guangxian, Shen great Xian, Zheng Wu line；Overall trip speed is 250km/h to access line three: Wenzhou-Fuzhou
Tall building line, Gui Guangxian, Shen Dan line；Overall trip speed be 200km/h to access line three: Gan Longxian, reach line, Ji Tuhui line.
Using above-mentioned nine routes as representative Typical Route, the tunnel of nine routes is distributed details (tunnel quantity, tunnel name
Claim, length of tunnel) as shown in the table:
Tunnel type quantity statistics are carried out according to respective lines.Formulate aerodynamics testing program.
Absolute pressure transducer outside High-precision vehicle is arranged at test Motor train unit locomotive, the tailstock, according to route desin speed
Grade carries out test, specifically, combined test test is carried out before line clear, obtains aerodynamic load data, still,
Aerodynamic load data obtained in single-row EMU combined test test, do not meet actual operation operating condition, need to study
Influence of the adjacent line EMU to aerodynamic loading suffered by EMU on actual operation route, obtains the aerodynamic loading under the conditions of total factor
Spectrum.
Because of situations such as the tunnel quantity of given line, tunnel cross-section and line spacing before line clear operation really
It is fixed, so the on-fixed factor of consequent effects aerodynamic loading is mainly the driving operation figure that railway parent company formulates.It is most direct
Influence is exactly that rate of traffic flow causes EMU when runing by the intersection operating condition of the different frequencys, and whether can not determine rendezvous position
In tunnel.
This example uses following three and simplifies hypothesis:
Assuming that 1, the probability that tunnel intersection occurs on the line in EMU is identical as tunnel accounting on route, and EMU exists
The probability of any position intersection is identical；
Assuming that 2, there is the number intersected maximization in EMU, that is, intersects interval time by the minimum interval of route map of train
It calculates within 3 minutes；
Assuming that 3, situation is intersected for tunnel, least favorable intersection occurs in EMU.
According to assumed above, for selected Typical Route, if the total length of route is L (km), when the operation of each train number
Between t (h) can be determined by route map of train, then run EMU single operation intersection frequency n are as follows:
N=t60/3
If the ratio that road section selected length of tunnel accounts for total line length is R, single run tunnel intersects frequency nTAre as follows:
nT=nR=20Rt
Assuming that selected route shares M tunnel, the length of i-th tunnel (i=1,2 ..., M) is Li, then single is run
In, number (probability) n that EMU intersects in the tunneliAre as follows:
ni=nTLi/ LR=20tLi/L
During composing progress completion to Typical Route aerodynamic loading, the operation plan for needing that operation figure is combined to formulate,
Superposition calculation EMU finally provides the annual aerodynamic loading spectrum of EMU in the whole train numbers run daily.
According to the aerodynamic loading data that the above method obtains, load data statistics is carried out by rain Flow Technique method, with motor-car
Group obtains corresponding amplitude variation diagram by (tunnel on military wide line) for the tunnel of emperor ridge (referring to attached drawing 3).
According to the above method, the equal amplitude of complete aerodynamic loading after can obtaining completion carries out the classification of science, and counts
It is in the equal amplitude quantity of each rank.Final aerodynamic loading spectrum is obtained by these statistical values.
High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading provided in an embodiment of the present invention composes preparation method, by selecting train of high-speed motor train unit
Operating line carries out aerodynamics test, and establishes aerodynamic loading database using the test data that aerodynamics is tested,
It is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading, the gas that the available train is subject in operation is composed according to aerodynamic loading
Dynamic loading, and then careful design is carried out to the pneumatic fatigue life of train and its components, reduce the operation maintenance of train at
This.In embodiment, the tunnel aerodynamic loading spectrum under the influence of available friction speed grade route total factor, accurate guidance are high
The pneumatic Fatigue life design of fast Motor train unit body and components, by the fatigue life of the airtight intensity of high-speed railway Motor train unit body
Design becomes finite lifetime from infinite life, while reducing production cost, reduces car body self weight, improves EMU and run product
Matter has meaning of both economic benefit and social benefit.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the present invention, which can be used in one or more,
The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces
The form of product.
The present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions
The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs
Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce
A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail it is bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Range is protected, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading composes preparation method characterized by comprising
For pre-set velocity grade, train of high-speed motor train unit operating line is selected；
Aerodynamics test is carried out according to the route；
Aerodynamic loading database is established using the test data that aerodynamics is tested；
It is composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.
2. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as described in claim 1 composes preparation method, which is characterized in that for pre-set velocity etc.
Grade, selection meet one of following condition or combined train of high-speed motor train unit operating line:
Tunnel accounting is greater than the first preset value, and rate of traffic flow is greater than the second preset value, and line length is greater than third preset value, tunnel
Distribution of lengths is greater than preset range.
3. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as described in claim 1 composes preparation method, which is characterized in that utilizing air force
During the test data of test establishes aerodynamic loading database, the time domain data of aerodynamic loading is counted.
4. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as described in claim 1 composes preparation method, which is characterized in that further include:
Obtain the intersection information of the different frequencys being subject to when train of high-speed motor train unit operation, and by the intersection information supplement to institute
State aerodynamic loading database.
5. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as described in claim 1 composes preparation method, which is characterized in that utilizing aerodynamic loading
During database works out aerodynamic loading spectrum, composed using rain flow method establishment aerodynamic loading.
6. a kind of high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading composes scheduling apparatus characterized by comprising
Selecting module selects train of high-speed motor train unit operating line for being directed to pre-set velocity grade；
Tentative module, for carrying out aerodynamics test according to the route；
Database module, the test data for being tested using aerodynamics establish aerodynamic loading database；
Compiling module, for being composed using aerodynamic loading database establishment aerodynamic loading.
7. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as claimed in claim 6 composes scheduling apparatus, which is characterized in that the selecting module choosing
The train of high-speed motor train unit operating line selected meets one of following condition or combination:
Tunnel accounting is greater than the first preset value, and rate of traffic flow is greater than the second preset value, and line length is greater than third preset value, tunnel
Distribution of lengths is greater than preset range.
8. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as claimed in claim 6 composes scheduling apparatus, which is characterized in that further include: statistics mould
Block, during for establishing aerodynamic loading database in the test data tested using aerodynamics, to aerodynamic loading
Time domain data is counted.
9. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as claimed in claim 6 composes scheduling apparatus, which is characterized in that further include:
Data complementary module, for obtaining the intersection information of the different frequencys being subject to when train of high-speed motor train unit operation, and by institute
Intersection information supplement is stated to the aerodynamic loading database.
10. high-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading as claimed in claim 6 composes scheduling apparatus, which is characterized in that compiling module uses
Rain flow method works out aerodynamic loading spectrum.
11. a kind of computer equipment including memory, processor and stores the meter that can be run on a memory and on a processor
Calculation machine program, which is characterized in that the processor realizes any side of claim 1 to 5 when executing the computer program
Method.
12. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that the computer-readable recording medium storage has perform claim
It is required that the computer program of 1 to 5 any the method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811383756.3A CN109558658A (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading composes preparation method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811383756.3A CN109558658A (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | High-speed EMUs aerodynamic loading composes preparation method and device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115600442A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-01-13 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司（Cn） | Automatic transmission load spectrum calculation method |
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| CN115600442A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-01-13 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司（Cn） | Automatic transmission load spectrum calculation method |
| CN115600442B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-10 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Automatic transmission load spectrum calculation method |
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