CN109557617B - Tunable filter - Google Patents

Tunable filter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109557617B
CN109557617B CN201811598304.7A CN201811598304A CN109557617B CN 109557617 B CN109557617 B CN 109557617B CN 201811598304 A CN201811598304 A CN 201811598304A CN 109557617 B CN109557617 B CN 109557617B
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China
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hole
fiber
mounting
accommodating
fixing piece
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CN201811598304.7A
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CN109557617A (en
Inventor
傅谦
许克畇
刘勋
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Zhuhai Guangku Technology Co ltd
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Zhuhai Guangku Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29358Multiple beam interferometer external to a light guide, e.g. Fabry-Pérot, etalon, VIPA plate, OTDL plate, continuous interferometer, parallel plate resonator
    • G02B6/29359Cavity formed by light guide ends, e.g. fibre Fabry Pérot [FFP]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29395Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29398Temperature insensitivity

Abstract

The invention provides an adjustable filter, which comprises two fixing pieces, two optical fiber connectors and piezoelectric ceramics, wherein the fixing pieces are provided with installation through holes in a penetrating mode along the optical path direction, each optical fiber connector comprises a connecting shell, a fiber core and a fiber insertion core, the fiber insertion cores are fixedly arranged on the connecting shells, the fiber cores penetrate through the connecting shells along the optical path direction and extend into the fiber insertion cores, the connecting shells are fixedly installed in the installation through holes, the piezoelectric ceramics are provided with accommodating through holes in a penetrating mode along the optical path direction, the piezoelectric ceramics are connected between the fixing pieces along the optical path direction, the installation through holes are sequentially communicated with the accommodating through holes, and the emergent ends of the two fiber insertion cores are. Piezoelectric ceramics are connected between the fixing pieces, and the emergent end of the first optical fiber insertion core and the emergent end of the second optical fiber insertion core are oppositely arranged in the accommodating through hole, so that an F-P resonant cavity is formed, fine and accurate adjustment of the distance between the fixing pieces is realized by utilizing the piezoelectric effect characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramics, and the filter can accurately adjust filtering.

Description

Tunable filter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical filters, in particular to a tunable filter.
Background
With the development and maturity of fiber grating sensing technology, wavelength demodulation technology is receiving more and more attention and attention of people. The wavelength demodulation system based on the tunable optical fiber FP filter has the advantages of low cost, fast response, high resolution and the like, and is widely applied. The performance of the tunable optical fiber FP filter as a core device of the whole system largely determines the performance of the whole demodulation system. In an optical communication system, a tunable FP filter is mainly used for demultiplexing wavelength division multiplexing, signal demodulation, and the like, and the filter has become a mainstream device. In addition, the FP device can be used as a signal filter in an optical fiber amplifier, and has important application in optical fiber lasers and spectrum analysis. Compared with other types of tunable optical filters, namely acousto-optical filters, Mach-Zenhder filters and distributed feedback Bragg laser tunable filters, the tunable FP filter has the advantages of low insertion loss, high tuning speed, wide tunable range, high fineness and flexible structure, and can be manufactured into different structures to meet the requirements of different free spectral regions.
In practical application of the tunable optical fiber FP filter, there are many problems and disadvantages, such as being susceptible to temperature variation, and often causing the wavelength of the optical fiber FP filter to vary by at least several nanometers due to 1 degree celsius variation of the ambient temperature. In the prior art, a refrigerator or a thermostat is arranged in a sealed space to realize temperature control, so that the complexity of the structure is increased, and the miniaturization packaging is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tunable filter which is simple in structure and stable in frequency domain adjustment.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a tunable filter, including a first fixing member, a first optical fiber connector, a second fixing member, a second optical fiber connector and a piezoelectric ceramic, wherein the first fixing member is provided with a first installation through hole along an optical path direction, the first optical fiber connector includes a first connection housing, a first fiber core and a first fiber core insert, the first fiber core insert is fixedly disposed on the first connection housing, the first fiber core passes through the first connection housing along the optical path direction and extends into the first fiber core insert, the first connection housing is fixedly installed in the first installation through hole, the second fixing member is provided with a second installation through hole along the optical path direction, the second optical fiber connector includes a second connection housing, a second fiber core and a second fiber core insert, the second fiber core insert is fixedly disposed on the second connection housing, the second fiber core passes through the second connection housing along the optical path direction and extends into the second fiber core insert, in the second connecting shell fixed mounting second installation through-hole, piezoceramics is the annular setting, and piezoceramics runs through along the light path direction and is provided with and holds the through-hole, and piezoceramics connects between first mounting and second mounting along the light path direction ground, and first installation through-hole, holding through-hole and second installation through-hole communicate in proper order, and the emergent end of first optic fibre lock pin and the emergent end of second optic fibre lock pin are arranged relatively in holding the through-hole.
According to the scheme, the piezoelectric ceramics are connected between the fixing pieces, the emergent end of the first optical fiber insertion core and the emergent end of the second optical fiber insertion core are oppositely arranged in the accommodating through hole, an F-P resonant cavity is formed, fine and accurate adjustment of the distance between the fixing pieces is achieved by utilizing the piezoelectric effect characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramics, the accurate adjustment of the distance between the emergent ends of the optical fiber insertion cores is achieved, and the accurate adjustable frequency domain is utilized to enable the filter to accurately adjust filtering.
The first end face of the first fixing piece facing the second fixing piece is provided with a first convex ring, the first end of the piezoelectric ceramic is connected with the first end face of the first fixing piece, and the first convex ring extends into the accommodating through hole.
In a further embodiment, the second fixing member has a second protruding ring on a second end surface facing the first fixing member, the second end of the piezoelectric ceramic is connected to the second end surface of the second fixing member, and the second protruding ring extends into the accommodating through hole.
In a further aspect, the first raised ring is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the receiving through hole.
In a further aspect, the second collar is a clearance fit with the inner wall of the receiving bore.
It is thus clear that through the spacing fixed mounting of bulge loop to piezoceramics, when piezoceramics deformation, the removal of mounting is coaxial along axial displacement, guarantees the axiality of filter device then.
In a further aspect, the first mounting through hole is provided with a first positioning protruding edge inward along the radial direction, and the first fiber stub penetrates through the first positioning protruding edge.
In a further scheme, a second positioning convex edge is arranged in the second mounting through hole in the radial inward direction, and the second optical fiber ferrule penetrates through the second positioning convex edge.
Therefore, the optical fiber ferrule can be positioned by the positioning convex edge, so that the coaxiality of the optical fiber ferrule in relative time is ensured, and the optical loss is reduced.
Still further, the first fixing member is made of steel, stainless steel or quartz.
Still further, the second fixing member is made of steel, stainless steel or quartz.
Therefore, the fixing piece can be made of materials with lower thermal expansion coefficients, such as steel, stainless steel or quartz, so that the expansion of the fixing piece is not influenced by the ambient temperature or the working temperature, and the filtering accuracy and the working stability are further ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the tunable filter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the tunable filter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the tunable filter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the tunable filter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of the tunable filter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the tunable filter of the present invention.
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Detailed Description
First embodiment of tunable filter:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, the tunable filter 1 includes a first fixing member 11, a first optical fiber connector 12, a second fixing member 13, a second optical fiber connector 14, and a piezoelectric ceramic 15, where the first optical fiber connector 12 includes a first connection housing 122, a first fiber core 121, and a first fiber stub 124, the first connection housing 122 is provided with a mounting groove 123, the first fiber stub 124 is fixedly disposed on the mounting groove 123 of the first connection housing 122, the first fiber stub 124 is arranged along an optical path direction, an axial direction of the first fiber stub 124 is parallel to the optical path direction, the first fiber core 121 passes through the first connection housing 122 along the optical path direction and extends into the first fiber stub 124, an end of the first fiber core 121 extends to an exit end of the first fiber stub 124, and signal light transmitted by the first fiber core 121 is output at the exit end of the first fiber stub 124.
The first fixing member 11 may be made of steel, stainless steel or quartz, the first fixing member 11 is disposed in a cylindrical shape, the first fixing member 11 is provided with a first mounting through hole 111 and a positioning through hole 114 through the first fixing member 11 along the optical path direction, the first mounting through hole 111 is provided with an annular first positioning protruding edge 112 facing inward in the radial direction, the first positioning protruding edge 112 is located between the first mounting through hole 111 and the positioning through hole 114, the first mounting through hole 111 is provided with an outward opening, the positioning through hole 114 is provided with an opening facing the piezoelectric ceramic 15,
the first fixing member 11 is provided with a first protruding ring 113 on a first end surface facing the second fixing member 13, the first protruding ring 113 is located on the periphery of the positioning through hole 114, the diameter of the first mounting through hole 111 is larger than that of the positioning through hole 114, and the first end of the first fixing member 11 is a flat end surface on the radial outer side of the first protruding ring 113. The first connection housing 122 is fixedly installed in the first installation through hole 111, and the first fiber stub 124 extends into the accommodation through hole 151 through the first positioning ledge 112 and the positioning through hole 114.
The second optical fiber connector 14 includes a second connection housing 142, a second fiber core 141 and a second fiber stub 144, the second connection housing 142 is provided with a mounting groove 143, the second fiber stub 144 is fixedly disposed on the mounting groove 143 of the second connection housing 142, the second fiber stub 144 is arranged along the optical path direction, the axial direction of the second fiber stub 144 is parallel to the optical path direction, the second fiber core 141 passes through the second connection housing 142 along the optical path direction and extends into the second fiber stub 144, the end of the second fiber core 141 extends to the exit end of the second fiber stub 144, and the signal light transmitted by the second fiber core 141 is output at the exit end of the second fiber stub 144.
The second fixing member 13 may be made of steel, stainless steel, or quartz, the second fixing member 13 is disposed in a cylindrical shape, the second fixing member 13 is provided with a second mounting through hole 131 and a positioning through hole 134 in a penetrating manner along the optical path direction, the second mounting through hole 131 is provided with an annular second positioning protruding edge 132 facing radially inward, the second positioning protruding edge 132 is located between the second mounting through hole 131 and the positioning through hole 134, the second mounting through hole 131 is provided with an outward opening, the positioning through hole 134 is provided with an opening facing the piezoelectric ceramic 15, the second fixing member 13 is provided with a second protruding ring 133 on a second end face facing the first fixing member 11, the second protruding ring 133 is located on the periphery of the positioning through hole 134, the diameter of the second mounting through hole 131 is larger than that of the positioning through hole 134, and a second end of the second fixing member 13 is a flat end face on a radially outer side of the second protruding ring 133. The second connection housing 122 is fixedly installed in the second installation through hole 131, and the second fiber stub 124 extends into the accommodation through hole 151 through the second positioning ledge 132 and the positioning through hole 134.
The piezoelectric ceramics 15 is arranged in an annular shape, the piezoelectric ceramics 15 penetrates through the accommodating through hole 151 along the optical path direction, the piezoelectric ceramics 15 is connected between the first end face of the first fixing piece 11 and the second end face of the second fixing piece 13 along the optical path direction, the first convex ring 113 extends into the accommodating through hole 151 and is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the accommodating through hole 151, and the second convex ring 133 extends into the accommodating through hole 151 and is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the accommodating through hole 151. The first mounting through hole 111, the positioning through hole 114, the accommodating through hole 151, the positioning through hole 134, and the second mounting through hole 131 are sequentially communicated, and the exit end of the first fiber stub 124 and the exit end of the second fiber stub 144 are oppositely arranged in the accommodating through hole 151. A gap is formed between the emergent end of the first fiber stub 124 and the emergent end of the second fiber stub 144, and an F-P resonant cavity is formed between the emergent end of the first fiber stub 124 and the emergent end of the second fiber stub 144.
By applying a voltage to the piezoelectric ceramic 15, the piezoelectric ceramic deforms, which includes deformation along the optical path direction, and then the distance between the first fixing member 11 and the second fixing member 13 is adjusted, and finally the distance between the exit end of the first fiber stub 124 and the exit end of the second fiber stub 144 is adjusted, thereby achieving fine and precise adjustment of the filtering frequency band.
Therefore, the piezoelectric ceramics are connected between the fixing pieces, the emergent end of the first optical fiber insertion core and the emergent end of the second optical fiber insertion core are arranged in the accommodating through hole in a relative mode, an F-P resonant cavity is formed, fine and accurate adjustment of the distance between the fixing pieces is achieved by utilizing the piezoelectric effect characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramics, the accurate adjustment of the distance between the emergent ends of the optical fiber insertion cores is achieved, and the accurate adjustable frequency domain is utilized to enable the filter to accurately adjust filtering. Through the spacing fixed mounting of bulge loop to piezoceramics, when piezoceramics deformation, the removal of mounting is coaxial along axial displacement, guarantees the axiality of filter device then. The optical fiber ferrule is positioned by the positioning convex edge, so that the coaxiality of the optical fiber ferrule in relative time is ensured, and the optical loss is reduced. The fixing piece can be made of materials with lower thermal expansion coefficients, such as steel, stainless steel or quartz, so that the expansion of the fixing piece is not influenced by the ambient temperature or the working temperature, and the filtering accuracy and the working stability are further ensured.
Second embodiment of tunable filter:
referring to fig. 4 to 6, the tunable filter 2 includes a first fixing member 21, a first optical fiber connector 22, a second fixing member 23, a second optical fiber connector 24, and a piezoelectric ceramic 25, the first optical fiber connector 22 includes a connection housing 222, a first core 221, and a first fiber stub 224, the connection housing 222 is provided with a mounting groove 223, the first fiber stub 224 is fixedly disposed on the mounting groove 223 of the connection housing 222, the first fiber stub 224 is arranged along an optical path direction, an axial direction of the first fiber stub 224 is parallel to the optical path direction, the first core 221 extends into the first fiber stub 224 through the connection housing 222 along the optical path direction, an end of the first core 221 extends to an exit end of the first fiber stub 224, and signal light transmitted by the first core 221 is output at the exit end of the first fiber stub 224.
The first fixing member 21 may be made of steel, stainless steel or quartz, the first fixing member 21 is disposed in a cylindrical shape, the first fixing member 21 is provided with a first mounting through hole 211 and a positioning through hole 224 in a penetrating manner along the optical path direction, the first mounting through hole 211 is provided with a first positioning protruding edge 212 in a ring shape facing inward in a radial direction, the first positioning protruding edge 212 is located between the first mounting through hole 211 and the positioning through hole 214, the first mounting through hole 211 is provided with an outward opening, the positioning through hole 214 is provided with an opening facing the piezoelectric ceramic 25,
the first fixing member 21 is provided with a first protruding ring 213 on a first end surface facing the second fixing member 23, the first protruding ring 213 is located on the periphery of the positioning through hole 214, the diameter of the first mounting through hole 211 is larger than that of the positioning through hole 214, and the first end of the first fixing member 21 is a flat end surface on the radial outer side of the first protruding ring 213. The connection housing 222 is fixedly installed in the first installation through hole 211, and the first fiber stub 224 extends into the accommodation through hole 251 through the first positioning ledge 212 and the positioning through hole 214.
The second optical fiber connector 24 includes a connection ring 242, a second fiber core 241 and a second fiber ferrule 244, the connection ring 242 is provided with a positioning hole along an optical path, the second fiber ferrule 244 is arranged along the optical path, the second fiber ferrule 244 passes through the connection ring 242 and is fixedly connected with the connection ring 242, the second fiber core extends into the second fiber ferrule along the optical path, an end of the second fiber core 241 extends to an exit end of the second fiber ferrule 244, signal light transmitted by the second fiber core 241 is output at the exit end of the second fiber ferrule 244, a hole wall of the second mounting through hole 231 is provided with an internal thread, an external thread is provided on an outer surface of the connection ring 242, the external thread is matched with the internal thread, and then the connection ring is mounted in the second mounting through hole 231 in a threaded manner, so that the connection ring 242 can move in the optical path direction in the second mounting.
The second fixing member 23 may be made of steel, stainless steel, or quartz, the second fixing member 23 is disposed in a cylindrical shape, the second fixing member 23 is provided with a second mounting through hole 231 and a positioning through hole 234 in a penetrating manner along the light path direction, the second mounting through hole 231 is provided with an annular second positioning protruding edge 232 inward in the radial direction, the second positioning protruding edge 232 is located between the second mounting through hole 231 and the positioning through hole 234, the second mounting through hole 231 is provided with an outward opening, the positioning through hole 234 is provided with an opening facing the piezoelectric ceramic 25, the second fixing member 23 is provided with a second protruding ring 233 at a second end face facing the first fixing member 21, the second protruding ring 233 is located at the periphery of the positioning through hole 234, the diameter of the second mounting through hole 231 is greater than that of the positioning through hole 234, and a second end of the second fixing member 23 is a flat end face at a radial outer side of the second protruding. The connection ring 242 is screw-fittingly installed in the second installation through-hole 231, and the second fiber stub 224 protrudes into the accommodation through-hole 251 through the second positioning ledge 232 and the positioning through-hole 234.
The piezoelectric ceramic 25 is annularly arranged, the piezoelectric ceramic 25 penetrates through the accommodating through hole 251 along the optical path direction, the piezoelectric ceramic 25 is connected between the first end face of the first fixing member 21 and the second end face of the second fixing member 23 along the optical path direction, the first convex ring 213 extends into the accommodating through hole 251 and is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the accommodating through hole 251, and the second convex ring 233 extends into the accommodating through hole 251 and is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the accommodating through hole 251. The first mounting through-hole 211, the positioning through-hole 224, the accommodating through-hole 251, the positioning through-hole 234, and the second mounting through-hole 231 are sequentially communicated, and the exit end of the first fiber stub 224 and the exit end of the second fiber stub 244 are oppositely arranged within the accommodating through-hole 251. A gap is formed between the emergent end of the first fiber stub 224 and the emergent end of the second fiber stub 244, and an F-P resonant cavity is formed between the emergent end of the first fiber stub 224 and the emergent end of the second fiber stub 244.
First, the connection ring 242 can be rotated, so that the second fiber ferrule 241 moves along the optical path direction, and then the distance between the first fiber ferrule 224 and the second fiber ferrule 244 is realized, thereby realizing the frequency band adjustment in a larger range, and further, voltage can be applied to the piezoelectric ceramic 25, so that the piezoelectric ceramic deforms, which includes deformation along the optical path direction, so that the distance between the first fixing member 21 and the second fixing member 23 is adjusted, and finally, the distance between the emergent end of the first fiber ferrule 224 and the emergent end of the second fiber ferrule 244 is adjusted, thereby realizing the fine and accurate adjustment of the filtering frequency band.
From top to bottom, through connecting piezoceramics between the mounting, and with the exit end of first optic fibre lock pin and the relative arrangement of the exit end of second optic fibre lock pin in holding the through-hole, form the F-P resonant cavity then, and utilize piezoceramics's piezoelectric effect characteristic, realize the slight accurate adjustment of distance between the mounting, in addition can also remove the optical path direction through the go-between and adjust optic fibre lock pin interval, thereby realize adjusting on a large scale and slight accurate adjustment of the exit end interval of optic fibre lock pin, utilize accurate adjustable frequency domain, make the big and accurate height of the adjustable range of filtering of wave filter.

Claims (5)

1. A tunable filter, comprising:
the first fixing piece is provided with a first mounting through hole in a penetrating manner along the light path direction;
the first optical fiber connector comprises a first connecting shell, a first fiber core and a first fiber inserting core, wherein the first fiber inserting core is fixedly arranged on the first connecting shell, the first fiber core penetrates through the first connecting shell along the direction of an optical path and extends into the first fiber inserting core, and the first connecting shell is fixedly arranged in the first mounting through hole;
the second fixing piece is provided with a second mounting through hole in a penetrating manner along the light path direction;
the second optical fiber connector comprises a second connecting shell, a second fiber core and a second fiber inserting core, the second fiber inserting core is fixedly arranged on the second connecting shell, the second fiber core penetrates through the second connecting shell along the optical path direction and extends into the second fiber inserting core, and the second connecting shell is fixedly arranged in the second mounting through hole;
the piezoelectric ceramics are annularly arranged, accommodating through holes penetrate through the piezoelectric ceramics along the optical path direction, the piezoelectric ceramics are connected between the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece along the optical path direction, the first mounting through holes, the accommodating through holes and the second mounting through holes are sequentially communicated, and the emergent ends of the first optical fiber ferrule and the second optical fiber ferrule are oppositely arranged in the accommodating through holes;
the first fixing piece is provided with a first convex ring on a first end face facing the second fixing piece, the first end of the piezoelectric ceramic is connected with the first end face of the first fixing piece, the first convex ring extends into the accommodating through hole, and the first convex ring is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the accommodating through hole;
the second fixing piece faces the second end face of the first fixing piece, a second convex ring is arranged on the second fixing piece, the second end of the piezoelectric ceramic is connected with the second end face of the second fixing piece, the second convex ring extends into the accommodating through hole, and the second convex ring is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the accommodating through hole.
2. The tunable filter of claim 1, wherein:
the first installation through hole is provided with a first positioning convex edge inwards in the radial direction, and the first optical fiber ferrule penetrates through the first positioning convex edge.
3. The tunable filter of claim 2, wherein:
the second mounting through hole is provided with a second positioning convex edge inwards in the radial direction, and the second optical fiber ferrule penetrates through the second positioning convex edge.
4. A tunable filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the first fixing member is made of steel or quartz.
5. A tunable filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the second fixing member is made of steel or quartz.
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