CN109557395A - A kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy - Google Patents
A kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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Abstract
A kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy; establish the analytical expression of the fault component electric current of MTDC transmission system route; the transient high frequency energy of electric current is obtained according to the analytical expression of fault component electric current; if the transient high frequency energy of certain route is more than preset protection threshold value, judge the route for faulty line.The present invention is easily achieved threshold value adjusting, improves the robustness of MTDC transmission system fault detection, and lower to sample frequency requirement, has good resistance to transition resistance ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection methods based on transient high frequency energy.
Background technique
In recent years, voltage source converter (VSC) type high-voltage direct current is asynchronous in extensive new-energy grid-connected, regional power grid
It is widely applied in the industrial practices such as interconnection.In multiterminal element (MTDC) system, inverter is radiated by DC line
Shape or netted connection, it is considered as the preferred plan that new energy accesses lower remote distance power transmission.The event of MTDC transmission system
Barrier analysis and fault detection are still one of the significant challenge that DC grid future development faces.There are many scholars to multiterminal element system
The fault signature and fault detection method of system are studied, but these researchs have some limitations:
1, the analytical expression of clearly MTDC transmission system fault current is not derived；
2, guard method lacks solid theoretical basis dependent on emulation；
3, the sample rate that guard method requires is higher, and cost of investment is larger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy, it is easy to accomplish threshold value
Adjusting improves the robustness of MTDC transmission system fault detection, and lower to sample frequency requirement, has good resistance to transition
Resistance ability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection based on transient high frequency energy
Method establishes the analytical expression of the fault component electric current of MTDC transmission system route, according to the resolution table of fault component electric current
The transient high frequency energy of electric current is obtained up to formula, if the transient high frequency energy of certain route is more than preset protection threshold value, is judged
The route is faulty line.
The MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy comprises the steps of:
Step S1, the line fault current weight in MTDC transmission system is calculated；
To the MTDC transmission system of loop connecting, looped network, meter are opened from decoupling from the disjunct converter station of faulty line
Calculate the line fault current weight of most serious failure outside protection circuit generating region:
Wherein, s is Laplce's frequency domain symbol, Cc1It is 1 end VSC direct-to-ground capacitance, LT12For on branch Line 12 1 side it is straight
Stream compensation inductance, LT13For the DC compensation inductance of 1 side on branch Line 31, LT31It is mended for the direct current of 3 sides on branch Line 31
Repay inductance, R13And L13The respectively resistance and inductance of DC power transmission line Line 13, r are the electricity of route Line13 and Line23
The ratio between stream；
Step S2, the transient high frequency energy of route is calculated；
Wherein, X (k) is the discrete Fourier transform of transient signal f (n), N=T × fs, it is the data in a sample window
Points, T are time slip-window length, fsFor sample frequency；
The cutoff frequency (i.e. lower frequency border) of transient high frequency energy is extracted in setting:
Determine the frequency band of discrete Fourier transform selection:
Wherein, focFor the frequency of oscillation of the 1st end capacitor and Line13 parallel branch, fix (x) is bracket function, is equal to not
Maximum integer more than x；
Step S3, setting protection threshold value；
Wherein, K is coefficient of reliability；
Step S4, whether the transient high frequency energy for judging route is more than preset protection threshold value, if E > Eset, then judge
The route is faulty line, if it is not, then judging the route for sound circuit.
The present invention passes through the analytical expression for establishing the clearly fault component electric current of MTDC transmission system route, is easy to real
Existing threshold value adjusting improves the robustness of MTDC transmission system fault detection, and lower to sample frequency requirement, has good
Resistance to transition resistance ability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy provided by the invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is three end looped network of DC power circuit diagrams.
Fig. 3 is that looped network connection MTDC system is opened into radiation network schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is four end MTDC system schematics of test.
Fig. 5 a~Fig. 5 d is simulation result of the different models under different transition resistances.
Specific embodiment
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is illustrated below according to Fig. 2~Fig. 5 d.
The present invention provides a kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy, establishes multiterminal element
The analytical expression of the fault component electric current of system line obtains the transient state of electric current according to the analytical expression of fault component electric current
High-frequency energy judges the route for faulty line if the transient high frequency energy of certain route is more than preset protection threshold value.
For accident analysis in short-term, the radio-frequency component in the analytical expression of the fault component electric current of route plays main make
With inverse Laplace transformation abbreviation significantly can be made under the premise of guaranteeing that calculating error is lesser by only retaining the ingredient, available
The clearly analytical expression of fault component electric current.Analytical calculation shows that the fault component electric current of sound circuit is equal to fault wire
The fault component electric current on road multiplied by several second-order low-pass filters cascade, so the high frequency division of sound circuit fault component electric current
It measures and is greatly attenuated compared to the high fdrequency component of faulty line fault component electric current, using can be quick on transient high frequency energy theory
Distinguish faulty line and sound circuit.
The MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy comprising the following steps:
Step S1, the line fault current weight in MTDC transmission system is calculated；
To the MTDC transmission system of loop connecting, looped network, meter are opened from decoupling from the disjunct converter station of faulty line
Calculate the line fault current weight of most serious failure outside protection circuit generating region:
Wherein, s is Laplce's frequency domain symbol, Cc1It is 1 end VSC direct-to-ground capacitance, LT12For on branch Line 12 1 side it is straight
Stream compensation inductance, LT13For the DC compensation inductance of 1 side on branch Line 31, LT31It is mended for the direct current of 3 sides on branch Line 31
Repay inductance, R13And L13The respectively resistance and inductance of DC power transmission line Line 13, r are the electricity of route Line13 and Line23
The ratio between stream；
Step S2, the transient high frequency energy of route is calculated；
Wherein, X (k) is the discrete Fourier transform of transient signal f (n), N=T × fs, it is the data in a sample window
Points, T are time slip-window length, fsFor sample frequency；
The cutoff frequency (i.e. lower frequency border) of transient high frequency energy is extracted in setting:
Determine the frequency band of discrete Fourier transform selection:
Wherein, focFor the frequency of oscillation of the 1st end capacitor and Line13 parallel branch, fix (x) is bracket function, is equal to not
Maximum integer more than x；
Step S3, setting protection threshold value；
Wherein, K is coefficient of reliability；
Step S4, whether the transient high frequency energy for judging route is more than preset protection threshold value, if E > Eset, then judge
The route is faulty line, if it is not, then judging the route for sound circuit.
In one embodiment of the invention, the MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy includes
Following steps:
Step 1, the fault component electric current that MTDC transmission system is calculated based on fault component network；
Fig. 2 is the circuit model of typical three end ring nets, T in figuremFor converter station, RmkAnd LmkRespectively DC power transmission line
The resistance and inductance of Line mk, Rm0And Lm0Respectively resistance and inductance of the DC line from the end m converter station to fault point, LTmk
For the DC compensation inductance of the side m on branch Line mk, CcmIt is the end m VSC direct-to-ground capacitance, m, k are natural numbers；
For the ease of to looped network carry out accident analysis, from from the disjunct converter station of faulty line open looped network, the change of current
It stands DC voltage are as follows:
Wherein, Line12 is faulty line, I13And I23It is the fault component electricity of DC line Line13 and Line23 respectively
Stream, s are Laplce's frequency domain (i.e. the domain s) symbol, Cc3It is shunt capacitance；
In order to open looped network, by shunt capacitance Cc3It is decoupled into two capacitors for being belonging respectively to Line13 and Line23, such as Fig. 3
It is shown；
Decoupling capacitance expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, r is the ratio between the electric current of route Line13 and Line23, i.e. current division ratio:
Correspondingly, three original end ring nets can be opened into radial networks；
The fault component electric current I of fault branch Line1010It is written as follow form:
Wherein, Zf10It is the parallel impedance of the 1st end DC bus capacitor and Line13 branch；
Step 2 calculates sound circuit fault component electric current and faulty line fault component electricity based on high-frequency equivalent models
Stream；
The counter pull type transformation of direct solution formula (4) obtains I10(t) time-domain expression is very difficult, especially multiterminal
The electric current of DC network non-fault line, frequency-domain expression are increasingly complex, it is therefore necessary to do to the frequency-domain expression of electric current
Certain processing；
For accident analysis in short-term, radio-frequency component in reserved line current frequency domain expression formula can make to calculate and change significantly
Letter；
Parallel impedance Z in high-frequency domain, in formula (4)f10It can be approximated to be a direct-to-ground capacitance:
Zf10 H(s)=1/sCc1 (5)
Correspondingly, the fault component electric current of faulty line is write as in high-frequency domain:
Likewise, the fault component electric current of sound circuit can be found out:
It can do in high-frequency domain such as lower aprons:
Formula (6) and (8) are exactly the fault component electricity of the faulty line and sound circuit found out using high-frequency equivalent models
Flow expression formula, it can be seen that the fault component electric current of sound circuit be equal to faulty line multiplied by a transfer function h (s), and
The transfer function has the characteristic of second-order low-pass filter；
The above analysis, for multi-terminal system, can be equally acquired with high-frequency equivalent models based on three end DC grids
The current expression of faulty line and sound circuit in wink at the beginning of failure, broad sense expression formula are as follows:
As can be seen that the fault component electric current of sound circuit is equal to the fault component electric current of faulty line multiplied by several second orders
The cascade of low-pass filter, the height of the high fdrequency component of sound circuit fault component electric current compared to faulty line fault component electric current
Frequency component is greatly attenuated, using can distinguish faulty line and sound circuit on transient high frequency energy theory；
Step 3, the transient high frequency energy for calculating route；
In order to accurately distinguish faulty line and sound circuit, need to further determine that transient high frequency energy high frequency components
Frequency range, it is assumed that Cc1=Cc3, the h (s) in formula (8) can rewrite are as follows:
Wherein, τ is related coefficient；
In order to guarantee sensitivity, it is thus necessary to determine that the lower frequency border of the extracted high fdrequency component of guard method, i.e. cutoff frequency,
When extracting frequency greater than cutoff frequency, faulty line electric current high fdrequency component is much larger than sound circuit；
Define focFor the frequency of oscillation of the 1st end capacitor and Line13 parallel branch, then have:
In order to make transfer function h (s) have apparent distinction, cutoff frequency f is enabledcutFrequency of oscillation greater than 10 times:
fcut≥10·foc (12)
At this point, the amplitude of transfer function h (s) meets following formula:
Wherein, j is imaginary unit；
By formula (13) as it can be seen that when extracting frequency greater than cutoff frequency, the fault component electricity of faulty line and sound circuit
The ratio between high fdrequency component of stream is very big, selects them that should have higher sensitivity as the guard method of characteristic quantity；
The radio-frequency component in DC line electric current, expression formula are extracted with discrete Fourier transform are as follows:
Wherein, X (k) is the discrete Fourier transform of transient signal f (n), and X ' (k) is the discrete Fourier series of f (n)；
In conjunction with above-mentioned analysis, transient high frequency energy definition are as follows:
Wherein, p is the nearest discrete fourier frequency point of range cutoff frequency, and calculation is as follows:
Wherein, fix (x) returns to the nearest integer for being not more than x；
Step 4, setting protection threshold value；
The protection threshold value of the route is adjusted with the transient high frequency energy of metallicity failure outside protection circuit generating region；
For route Line13, when failure occurs at the outlet route Line12, failure of the current component meets:
According to formula (15), transient high frequency energy of the available sound circuit Line13 after the time window that breaks down
Amount:
So protection threshold value may be set to:
Eset=KE13 (19)
Wherein, K is coefficient of reliability, and for excessive protection, K should be greater than 1；
Whether step 5, the transient high frequency energy for judging route are more than preset protection threshold value, if so, judging the route
For faulty line, if it is not, then judging the route for sound circuit；
Protection act criterion is that the high frequency transient energy of line current is greater than threshold value:
E > Eset (20)
Fig. 4 is four end direct current system schematic diagrames of test, and electrical component parameter nomenclature method is identical as Fig. 2, converter station C1,
C3 and C4 is controlled according to master-slave control mode, converter station C2 using constant voltage.Change the fault distance and mistake of faulty line respectively
It crosses resistance, verifies the validity of fault detection method provided by the invention under different faults distance and transition resistance.Fig. 5 (a) is
The line current fault component waveform of 300 Ω plus earth failures occurs at DC line 200km and 300km respectively.It can see
Out, under different faults distance, the fault current under RL model and HF model is very close, and the time is shorter, mistake between the two
Difference is smaller, simulation results show the validity of high-frequency equivalent models.When Fig. 5 (b) is 200km and 300km failure, line current
The spectrogram of fault component.As can be seen that the current spectrum under RL model and HF model is also very close, transient high frequency energy
It is all larger than protection threshold value, protection can correctly start.Fig. 5 (c) and Fig. 5 (d) is the emulation knot under 200 Ω plus earth failures
Fruit.Again it can be seen that wink galvanometer at the beginning of carrying out failure using high-frequency equivalent models calculates precision with higher, and it is based on transient state
The guard method of high-frequency energy has good performance under different faults distance and different transition resistances.
The present invention passes through the analytical expression for establishing the clearly fault component electric current of MTDC transmission system route, is easy to real
Existing threshold value adjusting improves the robustness of MTDC transmission system fault detection, and lower to sample frequency requirement, has good
Resistance to transition resistance ability.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention
A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy, which is characterized in that establish multiterminal element
The analytical expression of the fault component electric current of system line obtains the transient state of electric current according to the analytical expression of fault component electric current
High-frequency energy judges the route for faulty line if the transient high frequency energy of certain route is more than preset protection threshold value.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the MTDC transmission system fault detection method of transient high frequency energy, which is characterized in that
The MTDC transmission system fault detection method based on transient high frequency energy comprises the steps of:
Step S1, the line fault current weight in MTDC transmission system is calculated；
To the MTDC transmission system of loop connecting, looped network is opened from decoupling from the disjunct converter station of faulty line, calculates and protects
Protect the line fault current weight of most serious failure outside route generating region:
Wherein, s is Laplce's frequency domain symbol, Cc1It is 1 end VSC direct-to-ground capacitance, LT12It is mended for the direct current of 1 side on branch Line 12
Repay inductance, LT13For the DC compensation inductance of 1 side on branch Line 31, LT31For the DC compensation electricity of 3 sides on branch Line 31
Sense, R13And L13The respectively resistance and inductance of DC power transmission line Line 13, r be route Line13 and Line23 electric current it
Than；
Step S2, the transient high frequency energy of route is calculated；
Wherein, X (k) is the discrete Fourier transform of transient signal f (n), N=T × fs, it is the data points in a sample window,
T is time slip-window length, fsFor sample frequency；
The cutoff frequency of transient high frequency energy is extracted in setting:
Determine the frequency band of discrete Fourier transform selection:
Wherein, focFor the frequency of oscillation of the 1st end capacitor and Line13 parallel branch, fix (x) is bracket function, is equal to and is no more than x
Maximum integer；
Step S3, setting protection threshold value；
Wherein, K is coefficient of reliability；
Step S4, whether the transient high frequency energy for judging route is more than preset protection threshold value, if E > Eset, then judge the line
Road is faulty line, if it is not, then judging the route for sound circuit.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110175360A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-27 | 华中科技大学 | The method and distance protecting method of artificial capacitor formula voltage transformer transient state output characteristics |
| CN111211574A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-29 | 北京交通大学 | Method for calculating bipolar fault current on direct current side of multi-terminal direct current power grid based on half-bridge type MMC |
| CN112600176A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-04-02 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High-frequency transient component direction pilot protection method and system |
| CN113640622A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-12 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Fault detection method and system for medium-low voltage direct current micro-grid |
| CN113804949A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Amplitude determination method and device suitable for wide-frequency-conversion alternating-current power generation system |
| CN113933750A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for detecting high-resistance earth fault of power distribution network |
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| CN110175360A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-27 | 华中科技大学 | The method and distance protecting method of artificial capacitor formula voltage transformer transient state output characteristics |
| CN110175360B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-09-18 | 华中科技大学 | Method for simulating transient output characteristic of capacitor voltage transformer and distance protection method |
| CN111211574A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-29 | 北京交通大学 | Method for calculating bipolar fault current on direct current side of multi-terminal direct current power grid based on half-bridge type MMC |
| CN112600176A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-04-02 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High-frequency transient component direction pilot protection method and system |
| CN113640622A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-12 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Fault detection method and system for medium-low voltage direct current micro-grid |
| CN113640622B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-09-22 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Fault detection method and system for medium-low voltage direct current micro-grid |
| CN113804949A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Amplitude determination method and device suitable for wide-frequency-conversion alternating-current power generation system |
| CN113933750A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for detecting high-resistance earth fault of power distribution network |
| CN113933750B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-08-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for detecting high-resistance ground fault of power distribution network |
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