CN109556916A - 坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器,包括采样器(1)、角铝(12),其特征在于,角铝(7)直角凸起角向上,两个斜坡面分别插入采样器(1)、采样坡面(6)内,其中;采样器(1)由筒体(2)、入口(3)、堵头A(5)、堵头B(8)组成,对穿的圆筒形筒体(2)上开有一个条形穿入筒体(2)内的入口(3),筒体(2)两端分别用堵头A(5)、堵头B(8)堵住,角铝(12)从入口(3)插入筒体(2)内。本发明购买材料方便,制作工艺简单,造价低廉。在不破坏坡面薄层水流分布特征以及沟道中泥沙沉积特征的条件下,对其进行适时采样,数据分析准确。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及土壤侵蚀与水土保持技术领域领域,具体而言涉及一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器。
背景技术
我国南方南方丘陵区尤其是紫色土丘陵区降雨充沛,土壤侵蚀严重。治理坡耕地水土流失问题从古至今广受关注,广大农民创造性地应用坡面水系工程措施防治水土流失,并利用沟沙回地维持地力。这项措施在坡地保护与治理中发挥了重要的作用。在坡面水系工程,坡地边沟是坡地水土流失的第一道防线,在坡地保护与治理中发挥了重要的作用。
地边沟虽然具有较长实践应用历史,但由于其规格和形状随坡地条件和类型、耕作制度、耕作习惯、区域气候等不同而复杂多样,对其理论研究的重视不足,其保水保土功能及作用机理以及地边沟对坡面水沙运移规律的影响和效益至今仍不清楚。为了加深对坡地边沟保水保土功能及作用机理以及地边沟对坡面水沙运移规律的认识,需要对从坡面状薄层水沙径流在不破坏其分布特征的条件下进行采样,现有技术中对泥沙样品采用铲子将泥沙样品铲起,放入桶里,这种方式破坏坡面薄层水流分布特征以及沟道中泥沙沉积特征,导致数据分析不准确。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述缺点而提供的一种购买材料方便,制作工艺简单,造价低廉。在不破坏坡面薄层水流分布特征以及沟道中泥沙沉积特征的条件下,对其进行适时采样,数据分析准确的坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器。
本发明目的及解决其主要技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的:
本发明的一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器,包括采样器、角铝,其特征在于,角铝直角凸起角向上,两个斜坡面分别插入采样器、采样坡面内,其中;采样器由筒体、入口、堵头A、堵头B组成,对穿的圆筒形筒体上开有一个条形穿入筒体内的入口,筒体两端分别用堵头A、堵头B堵住,角铝从入口插入筒体内。
其中:筒体采用PVC管制成。
其中:堵头A固定安装在筒体一端,堵头B可拆卸安装在筒体另一端。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有明显的有益效果,由以上技术方案可知:本发明通采用角铝直角凸起角向上,角铝的顶角与采样坡面平直,两个斜坡面分别插入采样器、采样坡面内,对穿的圆筒形筒体上开有一个条形穿入筒体内的入口,在采样时通过移动采样器使得角铝的另一个斜面插入采样器的入口内进行采样,筒体两端分别用堵头A、堵头B堵住,角铝从入口插入筒体内。让坡面径流通过角铝顺利流进采样器内,总之;本发明购买材料方便,制作工艺简单,造价低廉。在不破坏坡面薄层水流分布特征以及沟道中泥沙沉积特征的条件下,对其进行适时采样,数据分析准确。
附图说明
图1是本发明采样器的结构示意图;
图2是本发明角铝的结构示意图;
图3是本发明的使用状态图1。
图4是本发明的使用状态图2;
图中标记:
1、采样器,2、筒体,3、入口,4、泥沙样品,5、堵头A,6、采样坡面, 7、角铝,8、堵头B。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1至图2所示,本发明的一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器,包括采样器1、角铝12,其特征在于,角铝7直角凸起角向上,两个斜坡面分别插入采样器1、采样坡面6内,其中;采样器1由筒体2、入口3、堵头A5、堵头B8组成,对穿的圆筒形筒体2上开有一个条形穿入筒体2内的入口3,筒体2两端分别用堵头A5、堵头B8堵住,角铝12从入口3插入筒体2内。
其中:筒体2采用PVC管制成。
其中:堵头A5固定安装在筒体2一端,堵头B8可拆卸安装在筒体2另一端。
使用时,参见图3-4,采样前将采样坡面6修整规则,保证采样坡面6平整。在汇水侧沟壁上方镶嵌一块角铝7,让坡面径流通过角铝7顺利流进入口3进入筒体2内。当坡面产流后由2-3人同时端起取样器1对坡面采样。根据坡面径流的大小确定采样历时,一般采6-10秒。采样完成后将堵头B8拆卸掉。倒出泥沙样品4转移到样桶里,再用定量的清水将筒体2内壁附着的泥土冲洗到样桶里,做好采样时刻、历时以及体积的详细记录。这样可以不破坏坡面薄层水流分布特征以及沟道中泥沙沉积特征的前提下完成对坡面径流的采样。本发明可以应用到地边沟水土保持的相关模拟试验或其他需要对坡面薄层径流采样的试验。
Claims (3)
1.一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器,包括采样器(1)、角铝(7),其特征在于,角铝(7)直角凸起角向上,一个斜面插入采样坡面(6)的末端,角铝(7)的顶角与采样坡面(6)平直,其中;采样器(1)由筒体(2)、入口(3)、堵头A(5)、堵头B(8)组成,对穿的圆筒形筒体(2)上开有一个条形穿入筒体(2)内的入口(3),筒体(2)两端分别用堵头A(5)、堵头B(8)堵住,角铝(12)从入口(3)插入筒体(2)内。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器,其中:筒体(2)采用PVC管制成。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种坡耕地边沟坡面径流采样器,其中:堵头A(5)固定安装在筒体(2)一端,堵头B(8)可拆卸安装在筒体(2)另一端。
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN201607350U (zh) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-10-13 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | 一种低干扰坡面径流采样器 |
CN202351079U (zh) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-07-25 | 唐继利 | 低干扰坡面径流采样器 |
CN103454404A (zh) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | 一种适宜高异质性喀斯特坡地的微型土壤水文监测系统 |
CN104155151A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | 一种地埂水土流失监测装置 |
CN205749506U (zh) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-30 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | 一种考虑垂直水力梯度影响的细沟模拟装置 |
CN109557282A (zh) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-02 | 贵州师范大学 | 一种坡耕地边沟水保机理的大田观测试验方法 |
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Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN201607350U (zh) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-10-13 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | 一种低干扰坡面径流采样器 |
CN202351079U (zh) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-07-25 | 唐继利 | 低干扰坡面径流采样器 |
CN103454404A (zh) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | 一种适宜高异质性喀斯特坡地的微型土壤水文监测系统 |
CN104155151A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | 一种地埂水土流失监测装置 |
CN205749506U (zh) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-30 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | 一种考虑垂直水力梯度影响的细沟模拟装置 |
CN109557282A (zh) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-02 | 贵州师范大学 | 一种坡耕地边沟水保机理的大田观测试验方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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蔡雄飞.: "《坡地边沟水土保持机理研究》", 《中国科学院机构图书馆网络》 * |
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