CN109554532A - Reduce the oscillation time-effect method with residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching - Google Patents
Reduce the oscillation time-effect method with residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching Download PDFInfo
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- CN109554532A CN109554532A CN201811449498.4A CN201811449498A CN109554532A CN 109554532 A CN109554532 A CN 109554532A CN 201811449498 A CN201811449498 A CN 201811449498A CN 109554532 A CN109554532 A CN 109554532A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses the oscillation time-effect methods of a kind of reduction and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching, the following steps are included: establishing the finite element model of point tongue, and quenching process is simulated to obtain the residual stress distribution cloud atlas of the point tongue after the completion of quenching according to finite element model；Free Modal Analysis is carried out with the position of determining three fixed supporting points and the corresponding natural frequency of vibration to finite element model；Position and corresponding intrinsic frequency to determine impacting point are analyzed to finite element model progress Constrained mode according to fixed supporting point；Harmonic responding analysis is carried out to finite element model according to fixed supporting point, impacting point, residual stress distribution cloud atlas, obtains and eliminates the highest practical exciting force of residual stress ratio and practical excited frequency；Vibration processing residual stress is applied to point tongue.The invention has the advantages that can be effectively reduced the quenched whole residual stress of point tongue.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to train rail manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to it is a kind of reduction with homogenizing point tongue quench after it is residual
The oscillation time-effect method of residue stress.
Background technique
Residual stress is larger after point tongue quenching, and buckling deformation occurs.It needs to carry out elimination residual stress to it,
Carry out again aligning top mediate reason after, could upper track use.
Vibration excitor is needed to carry out within the scope of certain frequency to point tongue in existing elimination track residual stress technique
Frequency sweep, and peak acceleration position is determined using acceleration collector, record the frequency at peak acceleration position, above scheme
Swept frequency range cannot be determined very well, although the range of frequency sweep is the bigger the better, the time that large-scale frequency sweep expends is also longer.
As shown in Fig. 2, existing, eliminate that track residual stress technique generallys use is the support of rail bottom two o'clock, respectively the
One support level 7 and the second support level 8, the oscillation time-effect method of in-orbit top 9 exciting of single-point.Theoretically the position of supporting point should be selected
It selects at displacement deformation minimum position, consumes energy because of collision to avoid point tongue and supporter, impacting point position should select
At displacement deformation maximum position.The position of above method supporting point and impacting point rule of thumb judges, can not be accurately positioned
To the point of displacement deformation minimum and displacement deformation most, the eradicating efficacy of residual stress when affecting oscillating aging.Meanwhile above-mentioned side
Method can only eliminate a part of point tongue medium position residual stress, in the part i.e. track switch that two supporting points of rail bottom are outside
The residual stress of the point of switch and heel end portions cannot reduce, while the tip of point tongue and radicle branch occur warpage and become
Shape, it is also necessary to which the residual stress in the region at tip and butt part is handled.
Summary of the invention
According to the deficiencies of the prior art described above, It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of reductions and homogenizing point tongue to quench
The oscillation time-effect method of residual stress after fire carries out model analysis by the finite element model to point tongue, obtains accurately
Fixed supporting point and impacting point, and optimal practical exciting force and practical excited frequency are obtained, then vibrate to point tongue
The quenched whole residual stress of point tongue is effectively reduced in timeliness.
The object of the invention realization is completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of oscillation time-effect method of reduction and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: establishing the finite element model of point tongue, and quenching process is simulated to obtain according to the finite element model
Take the residual stress distribution cloud atlas of the point tongue after the completion of quenching；
Step 2: Free Modal Analysis being carried out to the finite element model to determine the position of three fixed supporting points and corresponding
The natural frequency of vibration；
Step 3: Constrained mode analysis is carried out to the finite element model to determine the position of impacting point according to the fixed supporting point
It sets and corresponding intrinsic frequency；
Step 4: according to the fixed supporting point, the impacting point, the residual stress distribution cloud atlas to the finite element model
Harmonic responding analysis is carried out, obtains and eliminates the highest practical exciting force of residual stress ratio and practical excited frequency；
Step 5: the fixed supporting point of the point tongue being fixed, according to the practical exciting force and the practical exciting
Frequency applies vibration to the impacting point of the point tongue.
The step 2 is the following steps are included: carry out Free Modal to the finite element model, and choosing tool, there are three obvious vibrations
Position where the vibration shape stationary point is chosen for the fixed supporting point by the first vibration mode figure in type stationary point, and by described first
The frequency selection purposes of bending vibation mode picture are the natural frequency of vibration.
The step 3 the following steps are included: apply fixed constraint to the fixed supporting point in the finite element model,
Constrained mode analysis is carried out to the finite element model again, chooses described in every two that there are displacement deformation maximum areas between supporting point
It is maximum to choose in the second vibration mode figure displacement deformation between supporting point described in every two as second vibration mode figure for the bending vibation mode picture in domain
Position of the position at place as the impacting point, and be the intrinsic frequency by the frequency selection purposes of the second vibration mode figure.
The step 4 is the following steps are included: calculate the value for obtaining exciting force according to the strength of materials of the point tongue
Range obtains the value range of excited frequency according to the natural frequency of vibration and the intrinsic frequency；By the residual stress distribution
Cloud atlas imports the initial load on the cell node of the finite element model as harmonic responding analysis, then to the finite element model
The case where carrying out harmonic responding analysis, solving the residual stress under the different exciting force and excited frequency effect, choosing
Cancel except the highest exciting force of the residual stress ratio and the excited frequency are used as practical exciting force and practical exciting
Frequency.
The invention has the advantages that (1) is supported using three-point mount and setting impacting point carries out between the fixed supporting point of every two
Exciting, more existing two o'clock support single point excitation, and the equivalent stress value that can apply is bigger and strong lower than the fatigue of point tongue
Degree has and preferably eliminates residual stress effect, the tip that also can reduce point tongue and the residual stress at heel end；(2)
The supporting point of selection and the position of impacting point are more accurate, and it is more preferable to eliminate residual stress effect；(3) time of excitation parameter is determined
It is shorter, it is more efficient, help to improve the efficiency to residual stress site operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that fixed supporting point and impacting point is arranged in the embodiment of the present invention two on point tongue；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that supporting point and impacting point is arranged on point tongue in the prior art.
Specific embodiment
Feature of the invention and other correlated characteristics are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with attached drawing, with
Convenient for the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Such as Fig. 1-2, respectively to be respectively as follows: the fixed supporting point 3 of 1, first, tip fixed supporting point 2, second, third a for label in figure
The fixed impacting point 5, second of supporting point 4, first impacting point 6, the first support level 7, the second support level 8, rail top single-point 9.
Embodiment one: after the present embodiment is quenched more particularly to a kind of reduction with homogenizing point tongue when the vibration of residual stress
Efficacious prescriptions method carries out model analysis by the finite element model to point tongue, obtains and accurately fixes supporting point and impacting point, and
Optimal practical exciting force and practical excited frequency are obtained, then oscillating aging is carried out to point tongue, point tongue is effectively reduced
Quenched whole residual stress.
The oscillation time-effect method of reduction in the present embodiment and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching includes following step
It is rapid: step 1: establishing the finite element model of point tongue, and quenching process is simulated to obtain and quench according to finite element model
The residual stress distribution cloud atlas of point tongue after the completion of fire；Step 2: Free Modal Analysis is carried out with determination to finite element model
The position of three fixed supporting points and the corresponding natural frequency of vibration；Step 3: finite element model being constrained according to fixed supporting point
Model analysis with determine impacting point position and corresponding intrinsic frequency；Step 4: being answered according to fixed supporting point, impacting point, remnants
Power cloud charts carry out harmonic responding analysis to finite element model, obtain and eliminate the highest practical exciting force of residual stress ratio and reality
Border excited frequency；Step 5: the fixation supporting point of point tongue being fixed, according to practical exciting force and practical excited frequency to road
The impacting point of switch blade rail applies vibration.
In the present embodiment, step 1 establishes finite element model, carries out analogue simulation to quenching process, generates residual stress point
Cloth cloud atlas, as the foundation for eliminating stress.In step 2 finite element model carry out Free Modal Analysis, select displacement deformation compared with
Small position is supporting point, and finite element model carries out the analysis of the Constrained mode based on supporting point and selects displacement change in step 3
The biggish position of shape obtains optimal exciting force and excited frequency finally by the harmonic responding analysis in step 4 for impacting point.
Step 5 applies vibration realizing reduction according to point tongue of the above-mentioned parameter to entity and answers with remnants after homogenizing point tongue quenching
Power.
In the step 1 of the present embodiment, it is analysis object with practical certain types of point tongue, establishes point tongue, electricity
It is quenched to be based on finite element model analog simulation point tongue using finite element process simulation software for magnetic coil finite element model
Journey obtains the residual stress distribution cloud atlas of point tongue after quenching is completed, shows in residual stress distribution cloud atlas after simulation
Residual stress distribution rule and the biggish region of residual stress distribution, residual stress distribution cloud atlas are the point tongue in step 4
Harmonic responding analysis provides joint load information.
In the step 2 of the present embodiment, Free Modal is carried out to finite element model, choosing tool, there are three obvious vibration shape stationary points
First vibration mode figure, above-mentioned vibration shape stationary point is significantly less than neighboring area for displacement deformation, and the lesser one section of region that plants oneself.
Position where above-mentioned vibration shape stationary point is chosen for fixed supporting point, and is self-vibration frequency by the frequency selection purposes of first vibration mode figure
Rate.The fixation supporting point that above-mentioned steps are chosen, when point tongue receives vibration, displacement deformation is minimum, so that it is residual to eliminating
Residue stress influences smaller.The time has been greatly saved by the method that first vibration mode figure is chosen, fixed supporting point has been also avoided and chooses
The problem of inaccuracy.
In the step 3 of the present embodiment, fixed constraint is applied to fixed supporting point in finite element model, then to finite element mould
Type carry out Constrained mode analysis, choose every two supporting point between there are the bending vibation mode picture of displacement deformation large area as second vibration
Type figure chooses position of the position of displacement deformation maximum between every two supporting point in second vibration mode figure as impacting point, choosing
Two impacting points have been taken, and have been intrinsic frequency by the frequency selection purposes of second vibration mode figure.Above-mentioned steps are simulated by finite element model
The case where point tongue after fixed supporting point is fixed is by vibration.Two impacting points of above-mentioned selection are to support solid point fixed
There can be the point of best exciting effect after fixed, selection efficiency is higher, the cumbersome of vibration excitor test is avoided, what impacting point was chosen
Accuracy is higher.
In the step 4 of the present embodiment, the value range for obtaining exciting force is calculated according to the strength of materials of point tongue, according to
The natural frequency of vibration and intrinsic frequency obtain the value range of excited frequency；Residual stress distribution cloud atlas is imported to the list of finite element model
As the initial load of harmonic responding analysis on first node, then harmonic responding analysis is carried out to finite element model, solves different excitings
Power and excited frequency act on the case where lower residual stress, choose and eliminate residual stress ratio highest exciting force and excited frequency conduct
Practical exciting force and practical excited frequency.Practical exciting force is close with intrinsic frequency, and when earthquake can obtain biggish energy
And effective stress, be conducive to eliminate residual stress after point tongue quenches.Condition due to eliminating residual stress is that exciting force produces
The sum of residual stress after raw equivalent stress and track switch quenching completion is greater than track switch Materials Yield Limit value, and exciting force generates
Equivalent stress value it is bigger and be no more than fatigue strength to eliminate residual stress effect it is better.
The present embodiment has the advantages that be clicked through using setting exciting between three-point mount support and the fixed supporting point of every two
Row exciting, more existing two o'clock support single point excitation, and the equivalent stress value that can apply is bigger and is lower than the fatigue of point tongue
Intensity has and preferably eliminates residual stress effect, the tip that also can reduce point tongue and the residual stress at heel end；Choosing
The position of the supporting point and impacting point that take is more accurate, and it is more preferable to eliminate residual stress effect；Determine that the time of excitation parameter is shorter,
It is more efficient, help to improve the efficiency to residual stress site operation.
Embodiment two: as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment reduces more particularly to the point tongue of a kind of pair of 50AT type and is homogenized it
The oscillation time-effect method of residual stress after quenching is reduced and is homogenized using oscillation time-effect method identical with above-described embodiment 1
Quenched residual stress.
Firstly, the point tongue to 50AT type constructs finite element model, by simulating finite element model to 50AT type
The quenching process of point tongue obtains residual stress distribution cloud atlas.
Then, Free Modal Analysis is carried out to finite element model, obtains the tenth rank free module of the point tongue of 50AT type
State bending vibation mode picture, wherein above-mentioned location point is determined as fixed supporting point there are three smaller location points of displacement deformation.Such as Fig. 1
Shown, using 1 bottom of tip of the point tongue of 50AT type as origin, first fixed supporting point 2 is apart from origin 700mm, and second
A fixed supporting point 3 is apart from origin 3100mm, and the fixed supporting point 4 of third is apart from origin 5500mm, the fixed support of above three
The length of point is 200mm, and width is subject to rail bottom width.
Thereafter, Constrained mode analysis is carried out by finite element model again after the fixed supporting point of above three being applied constraint,
Obtain the 7th rank Constrained mode vibration shape cloud atlas of the point tongue of 50AT type, vibration shape near sinusoidal function curve passes through analysis the
Seven rank Constrained mode vibration shape cloud atlas obtain two displacement deformation maximum position points using as impacting point, as shown in Figure 1, with 50AT type
Point tongue tip bottom be origin, first impacting point 5 is apart from origin 1800mm, and second impacting point 6 is apart from origin
The length of 4400mm, above-mentioned impacting point are 200mm, and width is using rail bottom width as standard.
After again, the finite element model of the point tongue of 50AT type is subjected to harmonic responding analysis.Wherein, the big rootlet of exciting force
It is calculated according to material properties intensity value binding isotherm formula；According to Free Modal Analysis with constraint model analysis as a result, true
Determine the value range of excited frequency；In view of the influence of the residual stress field generated in quenching process when harmonic responding analysis, will quench
Structured file after fire simulation imports on the finite element model cell node of harmonic responding analysis, as the initial of harmonic responding analysis
Load, finally, solving the distribution situation that different loads amplitude acts on lower point tongue residual stress.By 50AT type is calculated
Point tongue exciting force be 100N, excited frequency be 132HZ under the conditions of, obtain maximum value equivalent stress distribution cloud atlas, will
Above-mentioned parameter is as the elimination highest practical exciting force of residual stress ratio and practical excited frequency.
Finally, at the scene based on above-mentioned analysis as a result, the fixation supporting point of the point tongue of 50AT type is fixed, by swashing
Vibration device applies the vibration of 100N and 132HZ in two impacting points to it, realizes that the point tongue for reducing and being homogenized 50AT type quenches
Residual stress afterwards.
Claims (4)
1. the oscillation time-effect method of a kind of reduction and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Step 1: establishing the finite element model of point tongue, and quenching process is simulated to obtain according to the finite element model
Take the residual stress distribution cloud atlas of the point tongue after the completion of quenching；
Step 2: Free Modal Analysis being carried out to the finite element model to determine the position of three fixed supporting points and corresponding
The natural frequency of vibration；
Step 3: Constrained mode analysis is carried out to the finite element model to determine the position of impacting point according to the fixed supporting point
It sets and corresponding intrinsic frequency；
Step 4: according to the fixed supporting point, the impacting point, the residual stress distribution cloud atlas to the finite element model
Harmonic responding analysis is carried out, obtains and eliminates the highest practical exciting force of residual stress ratio and practical excited frequency；
Step 5: the fixed supporting point of the point tongue being fixed, according to the practical exciting force and the practical exciting
Frequency applies vibration to the impacting point of the point tongue.
2. the oscillation time-effect method of a kind of reduction according to claim 1 and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching,
It is characterized in that, the step 2 is the following steps are included: carry out Free Modal to the finite element model, choosing tool, there are three bright
Position where the vibration shape stationary point is chosen for the fixed supporting point by the first vibration mode figure in aobvious vibration shape stationary point, and will be described
The frequency selection purposes of first vibration mode figure are the natural frequency of vibration.
3. the oscillation time-effect method of a kind of reduction according to claim 1 and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching,
It is characterized in that, the step 3 is fixed about the following steps are included: applying in the finite element model to the fixed supporting point
Beam, then carry out Constrained mode analysis to the finite element model chooses described in every two that there are displacement deformations between supporting point most
The bending vibation mode picture in big region chooses in the second vibration mode figure displacement deformation between supporting point described in every two as second vibration mode figure
Position of the position of maximum as the impacting point, and be the intrinsic frequency by the frequency selection purposes of the second vibration mode figure.
4. the oscillation time-effect method of a kind of reduction according to claim 1 and residual stress after homogenizing point tongue quenching,
It is characterized in that, the step 4 obtains taking for exciting force the following steps are included: calculating according to the strength of materials of the point tongue
It is worth range, the value range of excited frequency is obtained according to the natural frequency of vibration and the intrinsic frequency；By the residual stress point
Cloth cloud atlas imports the initial load on the cell node of the finite element model as harmonic responding analysis, then to the finite element mould
The case where type carries out harmonic responding analysis, solves the residual stress under the different exciting force and excited frequency effect,
The elimination highest exciting force of residual stress ratio and the excited frequency is chosen to swash as practical exciting force and reality
Vibration frequency.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114107651A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-01 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Method for eliminating residual stress of large-size aluminum-lithium alloy spinning shell through heat treatment |
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