CN109553270B - Heat pump type closed sludge drying system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Heat pump type closed sludge drying system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109553270B CN109553270B CN201811482663.6A CN201811482663A CN109553270B CN 109553270 B CN109553270 B CN 109553270B CN 201811482663 A CN201811482663 A CN 201811482663A CN 109553270 B CN109553270 B CN 109553270B
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Abstract
A heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises a drying room (1), an upper layer conveyor belt (2) arranged at the upper part of the drying room and used for conveying sludge, and a lower layer conveyor belt (3) arranged at the lower part of the drying room and used for conveying sludge, and is characterized by further comprising a system shell (4) arranged at one side of the drying room, wherein the top of the drying room is connected with the top of the system shell to form a return air channel (5), and a main air supply outlet is formed in the side wall, connected with the system shell, below the lower layer conveyor belt; a heat pump type closed sludge drying system further comprises a first heating circulation system, a second heating circulation system and an air channel circulation system which are arranged in a system shell. The invention provides a heat pump type closed sludge drying system and a control method thereof, and the heat pump type closed sludge drying system has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment and heat pump heat exchange, in particular to a heat pump type closed sludge drying system and a control method thereof.
Background
With the attention of the public in China to sewage treatment, the main market of sewage treatment in China is basically completed, and in future planning, the sewage treatment market is further promoted and expanded, so that the sewage treatment efficiency and the industry average technical level are improved. The sludge yield is increasing continuously in recent years as a derivative of sewage, and the sludge yield reaches 3500 ten thousand tons in 2015 life, which is increased by 16 percent on a par. It is estimated that, in terms of municipal sludge, approximately 1 million tons of sewage produce 5-8 million tons of sludge. According to the measurement and calculation of experts, the municipal sludge with the water content of about 80 percent is produced by 3000-4000 million tons every year in China. In the future, the sludge amount will continue to increase, and the municipal sludge yield in China will reach 6000-9000 ten thousand tons in the estimated 2020.
The effective treatment rate of the sludge in China is low, which is contrary to the annual increasing trend of the sludge yield. A large number of sewage treatment enterprises treat sludge by adopting direct dumping or simple landfill treatment means, so that not only is the soil environment threatened, but also the health of residents is caused, and the waste of resources is also caused. In 2015, related inspection groups show that the harmless treatment rate of the Beijing sludge is only 23%, and the national effective treatment rate is far lower than 30%.
The common characteristics of the hot forced drying are that the system is complex, deodorization treatment is needed, the drying temperature is high, the energy consumption is high, and the dried sludge can be stored and transported after being cooled. Due to the characteristics, the application of the hot forced drying is difficult to obtain a large-area push tube for use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a heat pump type closed sludge drying system and a control method thereof, and the heat pump type closed sludge drying system has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like.
The utility model provides a heat pump type closed sludge drying system, includes baking house 1, setting baking house upper portion, the upper conveyer belt 2 of carrying mud set up in the lower floor's conveyer belt 3 of baking house lower part, transport mud, a serial communication port, a heat pump type closed sludge drying system still including set up in the system casing 4 of baking house one side, the baking house top is connected with system casing top and is formed return air passageway 5, lower floor's conveyer belt below and the lateral wall that system casing meets and be formed with main supply-air outlet and be connected with system casing.
A heat pump type closed sludge drying system also comprises a first heating circulation system, a second heating circulation system and an air channel circulation system which are arranged in a system shell;
the first heating circulation system comprises a first compressor 6, a first condenser 7, a first energy balancer 8, a first electronic expansion valve 9, a first evaporator 10 and a first energy balancer 8 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein the pipelines of the first heating circulation system pass through the first energy balancer twice and return to the first compressor to form a closed loop, and the first condenser is arranged on one side of a main air supply outlet of the drying room;
the second heating circulation system comprises a second compressor 11, a second condenser 12, a second energy balancer 13, a second electronic expansion valve 14, a second evaporator 15 and a second energy balancer 13 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the second condenser 12, the second energy balancer 13, the second electronic expansion valve 14, the second evaporator 15 and the second energy balancer 13 are arranged on one side of the lower-layer conveyor belt, the second pipeline of the second heating circulation system passes through the second energy balancer and returns to the second compressor to form a closed loop, the second evaporator is arranged on one side of the first evaporator, and the second condenser is arranged on one side of the first condenser.
Thus, the air can be heated by the condenser by the circulation of the cooling medium. The energy balancer can condense and utilize the heat energy from the condenser and the gas from the evaporator, so that the running power of the unit is reduced, the heating capacity of the unit is improved, and the efficiency of the product is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the over-cooling heat entering the electronic valve and the superheat degree entering the compressor are ensured, and the liquid return of the compressor is prevented.
The air duct circulating system comprises a water heat exchanger 16 arranged in an air return channel, an evaporator, a condenser, an air balancer 17 arranged between the condensers, a main air feeder 18 arranged at the joint of the drying room and the system shell and below the lower-layer conveyor belt, and the air duct is sequentially provided with the main air feeder, the lower-layer conveyor belt, the upper-layer conveyor belt, the air return channel, the water heat exchanger, the air balancer, the evaporator, the air balancer, the condenser and the main air feeder.
Therefore, hot air can be sent into the drying room, and air is returned from the top of the drying room to form an air channel.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: an auxiliary air supply outlet is formed on the side wall of the lower part of the upper layer conveying belt, which is connected with the system shell; the first heating circulation system also comprises a sensible heat condenser 19 which is arranged at one side of the drying room, is close to the auxiliary air supply outlet and is positioned between the first compressor and the first condenser at a pipeline position; the auxiliary air supply outlet is provided with two auxiliary circulating fans 20.
From this, accessible sensible heat condenser increases the condensation area, reduces the condensing temperature of compressor, guarantees that the temperature of a compressor can not surpass the operating mode scope, can form the supplementary wind channel simultaneously, carries into to conveyer belt below with partly return air after the sensible heat condenser heating, the difference in temperature of conveyer belt about the compensation.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: an auxiliary electric heating device 21 is arranged between the first condenser and the main blower.
Therefore, when the heat is insufficient, the auxiliary electric heating device can be used for heating.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: the water heat exchanger is connected with a condensing tower 22 through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and a water pump 23 and an electronic three-way valve 24 are arranged on the water inlet pipe.
Therefore, the cooling of the refrigerant can be prevented, the flow in the cold quantity adjusting water heat exchanger is adjusted through opening and closing the condensing tower and linearly adjusting the opening of the three-way valve, the temperature stability of the drying room is ensured, and meanwhile, the heat loss can be effectively avoided.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: a drain tank 25 is provided below the evaporator.
Thereby, condensed water can be discharged.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: the first compressor, the second compressor, the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the first energy balancer and the second energy balancer are arranged in the closed inner cavity 26.
Therefore, the main components such as a compressor, an electromagnetic valve, an energy device, an electronic expansion valve and the like in the heat pump system can be concentrated in a closed cavity and completely isolated from the sludge drying air system, and the corrosion of high-temperature and high-humidity corrosive gas generated by drying sludge on system components can be effectively avoided.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: a flow equalizing plate 27 is arranged above the upper layer conveyor belt.
Thus, the return air can be stabilized.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: the top of the drying room is provided with a combustible detecting device 28.
Therefore, whether the potential safety hazard exists in the drying room can be detected.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system is characterized in that: and an explosion-proof pressure release valve 29 is arranged at the top of the drying room.
Therefore, explosion danger can not occur during drying.
The invention discloses a control method of a heat pump type closed sludge drying system, which is suitable for the heat pump type closed sludge drying system provided by the invention and is characterized in that: the control method of the heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises the following steps,
heat pump drying mode
Drying: in the starting state, the humidity of the drying room is [ set humidity ] + [ set humidity return difference ],
the actions are as follows: starting a main fan, starting a compressor, judging whether to start an electric heating tower, a condensing tower, a first circulating fan and a second circulating fan according to conditions,
quitting drying: the humidity of the drying room is less than the set humidity,
the actions are as follows: the compressor is closed, and after the main fan is delayed for a set time, whether the main fan is started or not is judged according to the electric heating use state;
second, electric heating mode
Entry conditions were as follows: whether the electric heating is started or not is in a starting state,
the environmental temperature is lower than the electric heating starting environmental temperature,
thirdly, the current value of the temperature of the drying room is less than the electric heating set value-electric heating return difference,
simultaneously satisfies the three conditions, starts the electric heating,
and (3) exit conditions: whether or not to start electric heating in a stopped state,
the environmental temperature is higher than the electric heating starting environmental temperature,
thirdly, the current value of the temperature of the drying room is larger than the set value of the electric heating,
when any one of the conditions is met, the electric heating is stopped;
third, main blower
The main blower starts to run before the compressor and the electric heating are started, and the standby state stops after the set delay time and after the electric heating is stopped;
fourthly, a condensing tower
Opening: when the current value of the temperature of the drying room is larger than the target value of the temperature of the drying room plus the return difference, the condensing tower is started,
and (3) exiting: when the current value of the temperature of the drying room is less than the set value of the temperature of the drying room, namely the return difference, the condensation tower is withdrawn;
five-way regulating valve
When the temperature of the drying room is lower than the set temperature, 4 milliamperes current is output,
when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the set temperature plus the return difference, 20 milliampere current is output,
in between this range there is a linear transformation,
and (3) period: 3 seconds;
auxiliary circulating fan
Firstly, a circulating fan I is arranged on the air conditioner,
in the starting state, the drying room is started when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the first starting temperature of the circulating fan, and the drying room is closed when the temperature of the drying room is lower than the first starting temperature of the circulating fan-the return difference of the circulating fan or the shutdown time is delayed by 1 min. The default value 42 is set to a value of,
a second circulating fan,
and in the starting state, the drying room is started when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the second opening temperature of the circulating fan, and the drying room is lower than the second opening temperature of the circulating fan, the return difference of the circulating fan or the shutdown is delayed for 1min to be closed. Adding the adjustable range of system parameters 'second opening temperature of the circulating fan' to be 0-85 ℃, the default value to be 53,
electronic expansion valve
Resetting: after being electrified, the electronic expansion valve is closed to 0, then opened to 480 and then closed to the initial opening degree,
initial opening degree: when the temperature of the inlet air of the evaporator is less than or equal to 5 ℃, the opening is fixed for 200 steps,
when the inlet air temperature of the evaporator is more than 5 ℃ and less than 40 ℃, opening 200+ (actual environment temperature-5) × 5 steps,
when the temperature of the inlet air of the evaporator is more than or equal to 40 ℃, the opening step 380 is fixed,
the electronic expansion valve has large opening: the exhaust temperature-the temperature of the drying room is more than 40 ℃,
electronic expansion valve maintenance: the exhaust temperature is more than 30 ℃ and the drying room temperature is less than 40 ℃,
closing of the electronic expansion valve: the exhaust temperature-the temperature of the drying room is less than 30,
when the exhaust temperature is higher than the full-opening exhaust temperature of the expansion valve, the electronic expansion valve is forcibly opened to step 480;
eight-explosion-proof pressure release valve
When the combustible detecting device detects that the concentration of the combustible gas reaches a set value, the explosion-proof pressure relief device is opened, and when the concentration of the combustible gas drops to a set value-return difference, the explosion-proof pressure relief valve is closed.
The working process of the heating circulation system is as follows:
the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the first compressor flows into the sensible heat condenser for primary condensation, after partial heat is released, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the inflow condenser for latent heat exchange, after the heat is released, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the energy device for energy recovery, the electronic expansion valve performs primary throttling, the liquid refrigerant after throttling flows into the evaporator for evaporation, the air returned after heating sludge is condensed and dehumidified, the low-temperature gas refrigerant is formed after heat is absorbed, and after the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the energy device again for heat absorption, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked by a compressor air suction port.
The high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the second compressor flows into the second condenser to exchange latent heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the second condenser to recover energy after releasing heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the second energy device to be subjected to primary throttling to the second electronic expansion valve, the liquid refrigerant after throttling flows into the second evaporator to be evaporated, the air returned after heating sludge is condensed and dehumidified, the low-temperature gas refrigerant becomes the low-temperature gas refrigerant after absorbing heat after the low-temperature gas refrigerant enters the second energy device again to absorb heat, and the low-temperature gas refrigerant is sucked by an air suction port of the second compressor.
The working process of the air duct circulating system is as follows:
the main blower is used for feeding high-temperature hot air coming out of the condenser from the lower layer of the drying room to the lower layer of the conveying belt, then feeding the high-temperature hot air to the upper layer of the conveying belt, feeding the high-temperature hot air into the return air channel through the flow equalizing plate, then feeding the high-temperature hot air into the water heat exchanger, then feeding the high-temperature hot air into the air balancer, feeding the high-temperature hot air into the first evaporator and the second evaporator, feeding the high-temperature hot air into the second condenser, the first condenser and the auxiliary electric heater through the air balancer, and feeding the high-temperature hot air into the drying room through the main blower. And the auxiliary circulating fan pumps part of air in the air return cavity into the sensible heat condenser and then sends the air into the lower part of the upper-layer conveyor belt.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system and the control method thereof have the advantages that:
the main components of a compressor, an electromagnetic valve, an energy device, an electronic expansion valve and the like in the heat pump system are all concentrated in a closed cavity and are completely isolated from a sludge drying air system. Can effectively avoid the corrosion of the high-temperature and high-humidity corrosive gas generated by drying the sludge on the system components.
By adopting main air supply and auxiliary air supply, the design can ensure that when drying, the main air supply system adopts variable air volume control, automatically adjusts air volume according to different dry and wet ball temperatures during air return, and ensures the best dehumidification effect when different dry and wet ring temperatures are adopted. Meanwhile, the dehydration speed of the sludge is related to the temperature and the air quantity, when the temperature of the drying room is higher, the auxiliary circulating fan is started, the circulating air quantity during high-temperature drying is increased, and the moisture evaporation speed of the sludge is increased.
The dynamic control system can quickly heat the unit by using the auxiliary circulating fan and the auxiliary electric heater.
The energy balancer is used for condensing and utilizing the heat energy from the condenser and the gas from the evaporator, so that the running power of the unit is reduced, the heating capacity of the unit is improved, and the efficiency of the product is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the over-cooling heat entering the electronic valve and the superheat degree entering the compressor are ensured, and the liquid return of the compressor is prevented.
The electronic expansion valve is used for flexible control theory, so that the circulation flow of the system is accurately controlled under different working conditions during sludge drying, the overall performance of the product is improved, and the working stability and reliability of the unit are also ensured.
Go out the heat release through water heat exchanger, through in good time measuring baking house temperature, through the tee bend governing valve, the linear regulation flow of intaking the heat exchanger guarantees the stability of baking house temperature, also can effectively avoid thermal loss simultaneously.
The sensible heat condenser is arranged, the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased through the sensible heat condenser, the condensing temperature of the compressor is reduced, and the working condition range of the compressor cannot be exceeded when the compressor is heated at high temperature. Simultaneously because the sensible heat condenser is to return air direct heating, the air-out temperature can be higher, satisfies the high requirement of upper conveyer belt heating temperature.
The design of explosion-proof pressure relief is carried out, and when closed drying is guaranteed, danger cannot occur.
By adopting a closed system, the technical bottleneck of heat pump drying high-temperature output can be broken through, the high-temperature performance is superior, and the winter problems of frosting of an air source heat pump and poor high-temperature output performance are solved; the technical problems that waste heat loss is caused during other drying, odor affecting the environment is exhausted, and the dehumidification performance under the high-temperature and low-humidity conditions is poor and water is not removed are also effectively solved.
The multiple energy balance processing technology is adopted, the temperature is reduced through the water heat exchanger, the saturation of wet air entering the evaporator is improved, the dehumidification amount is improved, the air outlet of the evaporator and the air passing through the water heater are subjected to energy heat balance processing through the air balancer device, the dehumidification effect of the evaporator is improved when the temperature return air of the drying room is high, and meanwhile, the temperature of the air sent into the drying line body can also be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pump type closed sludge drying system according to the present invention.
The system comprises a drying room 1, an upper conveying belt 2, a lower conveying belt 3, a system shell 4, a return air channel 5, a compressor 6, a condenser 7, an energy balancer 8, an electronic expansion valve 9, an evaporator 10, a compressor 11, a condenser 12, an energy balancer 13, an electronic expansion valve 14, an evaporator 15, a water heat exchanger 16, an air balancer 17, a main blower 18, a sensible heat condenser 19, an auxiliary circulating fan 20, an auxiliary electric heater 21, a condensing tower 22, a water pump 23, an electronic three-way valve 24, a water drainage tank 25, an internal cavity 26, a flow equalizing plate 27, a combustible substance detection device 28 and an explosion-proof pressure relief valve 29.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises a drying room, wherein an upper conveyor belt 2 and a lower conveyor belt 3 are arranged in the drying room, a system shell 4 is arranged on one side of the drying room, the top of the drying room is connected with the top of the system shell to form a return air channel 5, an auxiliary air supply opening is formed in the side wall, connected with the system shell, of the lower layer of the conveyor belt, and a main air supply opening is formed in the side wall, connected with the system shell, of the lower layer of the conveyor belt. The main supply air outlet is provided with a main blower 18, and the auxiliary supply air outlet is provided with two auxiliary circulating fans 20.
A first heating circulation system, a second heating circulation system and an air duct circulation system are arranged in the system shell.
The first heating circulation system is a first compressor 6, a sensible heat condenser 19, a first condenser 7, a first energy balancer 8, a first electronic expansion valve 9, a first evaporator 10 and a first energy balancer 8 which are connected in sequence through pipelines, the pipeline of the first heating circulation system passes through the first energy balancer twice and returns to the first compressor to form a closed loop, and the first condenser is arranged on one side of a main air supply outlet of the drying room.
The second heating circulation system is a second compressor 11, a second condenser 12, a second energy balancer 13, a second electronic expansion valve 14, a second evaporator 15 and a second energy balancer 13 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the pipelines of the second heating circulation system pass through the second energy balancer twice and return to the second compressor to form a closed loop, the second evaporator is arranged on one side of the first evaporator, and the second condenser is arranged on one side of the first condenser.
The air duct circulating system comprises a water heat exchanger 16 arranged on a return air channel, an evaporator, a condenser, an air balancer 17 between the condensers, a main air feeder 18 arranged at the joint of the drying room and the system shell and below the lower-layer conveyor belt, wherein the air duct is sequentially provided with the main air feeder, the lower-layer conveyor belt, the upper-layer conveyor belt, the return air channel, the water heat exchanger, the air balancer, the evaporator, the condenser and the main air feeder.
An auxiliary electric heating device 21 is arranged between the first condenser and the main blower.
The water heat exchanger is connected with the condensing tower 22 through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is provided with a water pump 23 and an electronic three-way valve 24.
A drain tank 25 is provided below the evaporator.
The first compressor, the second compressor, the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the first energy balancer and the second energy balancer are arranged in the closed inner cavity 26.
A flow equalizing plate 27 is arranged above the upper layer conveyor belt.
The top of the drying room is provided with a combustible detecting device 28.
The top of the drying room is provided with an explosion-proof pressure release valve 29.
The working process of the heating circulation system is as follows:
the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the first compressor flows into the sensible heat condenser for primary condensation, after partial heat is released, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the inflow condenser for latent heat exchange, after the heat is released, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the energy device for energy recovery, the electronic expansion valve performs primary throttling, the liquid refrigerant after throttling flows into the evaporator for evaporation, the air returned after heating sludge is condensed and dehumidified, the low-temperature gas refrigerant is formed after heat is absorbed, and after the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the energy device again for heat absorption, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked by a compressor air suction port.
The high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the second compressor flows into the second condenser to exchange latent heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the second condenser to recover energy after releasing heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the second energy device to be subjected to primary throttling to the second electronic expansion valve, the liquid refrigerant after throttling flows into the second evaporator to be evaporated, the air returned after heating sludge is condensed and dehumidified, the low-temperature gas refrigerant becomes the low-temperature gas refrigerant after absorbing heat after the low-temperature gas refrigerant enters the second energy device again to absorb heat, and the low-temperature gas refrigerant is sucked by an air suction port of the second compressor.
The working process of the air duct circulating system is as follows:
the main blower is used for feeding high-temperature hot air coming out of the condenser from the lower layer of the drying room to the lower layer of the conveying belt, then feeding the high-temperature hot air to the upper layer of the conveying belt, feeding the high-temperature hot air into the return air channel through the flow equalizing plate, then feeding the high-temperature hot air into the water heat exchanger, then feeding the high-temperature hot air into the air balancer, feeding the high-temperature hot air into the first evaporator and the second evaporator, feeding the high-temperature hot air into the second condenser, the first condenser and the auxiliary electric heater through the air balancer, and feeding the high-temperature hot air into the drying room through the main blower. And the auxiliary circulating fan pumps part of air in the air return cavity into the sensible heat condenser and then sends the air into the lower part of the upper-layer conveyor belt.
The control method of the heat pump type closed sludge drying system provided by the invention comprises the following steps,
heat pump drying mode
Drying: in the starting state, the humidity of the drying room is [ set humidity ] + [ set humidity return difference ],
the actions are as follows: starting a main fan, starting a compressor, judging whether to start an electric heating tower, a condensing tower, a first circulating fan and a second circulating fan according to conditions,
quitting drying: the humidity of the drying room is less than the set humidity,
the actions are as follows: the compressor is closed, and after the main fan is delayed for a set time, whether the main fan is started or not is judged according to the electric heating use state;
second, electric heating mode
Entry conditions were as follows: whether the electric heating is started or not is in a starting state,
the environmental temperature is lower than the electric heating starting environmental temperature,
thirdly, the current value of the temperature of the drying room is less than the electric heating set value-electric heating return difference,
simultaneously satisfies the three conditions, starts the electric heating,
and (3) exit conditions: whether or not to start electric heating in a stopped state,
the environmental temperature is higher than the electric heating starting environmental temperature,
thirdly, the current value of the temperature of the drying room is larger than the set value of the electric heating,
when any one of the conditions is met, the electric heating is stopped;
third, main blower
The main blower starts to run before the compressor and the electric heating are started, and the standby state stops after the set delay time and after the electric heating is stopped;
fourthly, a condensing tower
Opening: when the current value of the temperature of the drying room is larger than the target value of the temperature of the drying room plus the return difference, the condensing tower is started,
and (3) exiting: when the current value of the temperature of the drying room is less than the set value of the temperature of the drying room, namely the return difference, the condensation tower is withdrawn;
five-way regulating valve
When the temperature of the drying room is lower than the set temperature, 4 milliamperes current is output,
when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the set temperature plus the return difference, 20 milliampere current is output,
in between this range there is a linear transformation,
and (3) period: 3 seconds;
auxiliary circulating fan
Firstly, a circulating fan I is arranged on the air conditioner,
in the starting state, the drying room is started when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the first starting temperature of the circulating fan, and the drying room is closed when the temperature of the drying room is lower than the first starting temperature of the circulating fan-the return difference of the circulating fan or the shutdown time is delayed by 1 min. The default value 42 is set to a value of,
a second circulating fan,
and in the starting state, the drying room is started when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the second opening temperature of the circulating fan, and the drying room is lower than the second opening temperature of the circulating fan, the return difference of the circulating fan or the shutdown is delayed for 1min to be closed. Adding the adjustable range of system parameters 'second opening temperature of the circulating fan' to be 0-85 ℃, the default value to be 53,
electronic expansion valve
Resetting: after being electrified, the electronic expansion valve is closed to 0, then opened to 480 and then closed to the initial opening degree,
initial opening degree: when the temperature of the inlet air of the evaporator is less than or equal to 5 ℃, the opening is fixed for 200 steps,
when the inlet air temperature of the evaporator is more than 5 ℃ and less than 40 ℃, opening 200+ (actual environment temperature-5) × 5 steps,
when the temperature of the inlet air of the evaporator is more than or equal to 40 ℃, the opening step 380 is fixed,
the electronic expansion valve has large opening: the exhaust temperature-the temperature of the drying room is more than 40 ℃,
electronic expansion valve maintenance: the exhaust temperature is more than 30 ℃ and the drying room temperature is less than 40 ℃,
closing of the electronic expansion valve: the exhaust temperature-the temperature of the drying room is less than 30,
when the exhaust temperature is higher than the full-opening exhaust temperature of the expansion valve, the electronic expansion valve is forcibly opened to step 480;
eight-explosion-proof pressure release valve
When the combustible detecting device detects that the concentration of the combustible gas reaches a set value, the explosion-proof pressure relief device is opened, and when the concentration of the combustible gas drops to a set value-return difference, the explosion-proof pressure relief valve is closed.
The heat pump type closed sludge drying system and the control method thereof have the advantages that:
the main components of a compressor, an electromagnetic valve, an energy device, an electronic expansion valve and the like in the heat pump system are all concentrated in a closed cavity and are completely isolated from a sludge drying air system. Can effectively avoid the corrosion of the high-temperature and high-humidity corrosive gas generated by drying the sludge on the system components.
By adopting main air supply and auxiliary air supply, the design can ensure that when the drying is carried out, the main air supply system adopts variable air volume control, and the optimal dehumidification effect is ensured when different dry and wet ring temperatures are adopted according to different dry and wet ball temperatures during air return and automatic air volume adjustment. Meanwhile, the dehydration speed of the sludge is related to the temperature and the air quantity, when the temperature of the drying room is higher, the auxiliary circulating fan is started, the circulating air quantity during high-temperature drying is increased, and the moisture evaporation speed of the sludge is increased.
The dynamic control system can quickly heat the unit by using the auxiliary circulating fan and the auxiliary electric heater.
The energy balancer is used for condensing and utilizing the heat energy from the condenser and the gas from the evaporator, so that the running power of the unit is reduced, the heating capacity of the unit is improved, and the efficiency of the product is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the over-cooling heat entering the electronic valve and the superheat degree entering the compressor are ensured, and the liquid return of the compressor is prevented.
The electronic expansion valve is used for flexible control theory, so that the circulation flow of the system is accurately controlled under different working conditions during sludge drying, the overall performance of the product is improved, and the working stability and reliability of the unit are also ensured.
Go out the heat release through water heat exchanger, through in good time measuring baking house temperature, through the tee bend governing valve, the linear regulation flow of intaking the heat exchanger guarantees the stability of baking house temperature, also can effectively avoid thermal loss simultaneously.
The sensible heat condenser is arranged, the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased through the sensible heat condenser, the condensing temperature of the compressor is reduced, and the working condition range of the compressor cannot be exceeded when the compressor is heated at high temperature. Simultaneously because the sensible heat condenser is to return air direct heating, the air-out temperature can be higher, satisfies the high requirement of upper conveyer belt heating temperature.
The design of explosion-proof pressure relief is carried out, and when closed drying is guaranteed, danger cannot occur.
By adopting a closed system, the technical bottleneck of heat pump drying high-temperature output can be broken through, the high-temperature performance is superior, and the winter problems of frosting of an air source heat pump and poor high-temperature output performance are solved; the technical problems that waste heat loss is caused during other drying, odor affecting the environment is exhausted, and the dehumidification performance under the high-temperature and low-humidity conditions is poor and water is not removed are also effectively solved.
The multiple energy balance processing technology is adopted, the temperature is reduced through the water heat exchanger, the saturation of wet air entering the evaporator is improved, the dehumidification amount is improved, the air outlet of the evaporator and the air passing through the water heater are subjected to energy heat balance processing through the air balancer device, the dehumidification effect of the evaporator is improved when the temperature return air of the drying room is high, and meanwhile, the temperature of the air sent into the drying line body can also be improved.
Claims (13)
1. A control method of a heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises the following steps:
the heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises:
the drying room is arranged on the system shell at one side of the drying room, the top of the drying room is connected with the top of the system shell to form a return air channel, and a main air supply outlet is formed on the side wall, connected with the system shell, below the lower-layer conveyor belt and connected with the system shell;
the first heating circulating system, the second heating circulating system and the air duct circulating system are arranged in the system shell;
the first heating circulation system and the second heating circulation system comprise a compressor, a condenser, an energy balancer, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator and an energy balancer which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the energy balancer returns to the compressor to form a closed loop;
the air duct sequentially passes through a main air feeder, a lower-layer conveyor belt, an upper-layer conveyor belt, an air return channel, a water heat exchanger, an air balancer, evaporators of a first heating circulation system and a second heating circulation system, namely the first evaporator, the second evaporator, the air balancer, a condenser and the main air feeder;
the method is characterized in that: the control method of the heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises the following steps:
first, heat pump drying
Drying: when the humidity of the drying room is more than the set humidity and the set humidity return difference is more than the set humidity, the main fan and the compressor are started;
judging whether the electric heating needs to be started or not according to conditions, if not, directly entering a condensation tower, a first circulating fan and a second circulating fan;
quitting drying: when the humidity of the drying room is less than the set humidity,
the compressor is closed, and after the main fan is delayed for a set time, whether the main fan is started or not is judged according to the electric heating use state;
secondly, the electric heating is started
When the electric heating is started, the environment temperature is lower than the electric heating starting environment temperature, and the current value of the drying room temperature is lower than the electric heating set value-electric heating return difference,
carrying out electric heating;
if the starting electric heating is in a stop state, or the environmental temperature is larger than the electric heating starting environmental temperature, or the current value of the temperature of the drying room is larger than the electric heating set value,
when any one of the conditions is met, the electric heating is stopped;
thirdly, the main blower is turned on
The main blower starts to run before the compressor and the electric heating are started, and the standby state stops after the set delay time and after the electric heating is stopped;
fourthly, the condensing tower is opened
When the current value of the temperature of the drying room is larger than the target value of the temperature of the drying room plus the return difference, the condensing tower is started,
when the current value of the temperature of the drying room is less than the set value-return difference of the temperature of the drying room, the condensing tower is withdrawn;
five-way open three-way regulating valve
The temperature of the drying room is timely detected through the three-way regulating valve, the flow of the water inlet heat exchanger is linearly regulated, heat is released through the water heat exchanger, the stability of the temperature of the drying room is ensured, and meanwhile, the loss of heat is avoided;
when the temperature of the drying room is lower than the set temperature, 4 milliamperes current is output,
when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the set temperature plus the return difference, 20 milliampere current is output,
in between this range there is a linear transformation,
temperature detection period: 3 seconds;
sixthly, starting the auxiliary circulating fan
1. The first circulating fan is started when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the starting temperature of the first circulating fan,
when the temperature of the drying room is less than the first starting temperature of the circulating fan, the return difference of the circulating fan or the shutdown is carried out, the closing is delayed for 1 min; the starting temperature of the first circulating fan is set to be 42 ℃,
2. a second circulating fan is started when the temperature of the drying room is higher than the starting temperature of the second circulating fan,
when the temperature of the drying room is less than the second starting temperature of the circulating fan, namely the return difference of the circulating fan or the shutdown is carried out, the closing is delayed for 1 min;
the adjustable range of the starting temperature of the second circulating fan is 0-85 ℃, the default value of the starting temperature of the second circulating fan is 53 ℃,
seventhly, opening the electronic expansion valve,
resetting: after power-on, the electronic expansion valve is closed to 0, then opened to 480 steps and then closed to the initial opening degree,
if the exhaust temperature-drying room temperature is more than 40 ℃, the electronic expansion valve is opened greatly,
if the exhaust temperature is higher than 30 ℃ and the temperature of the drying room is lower than 40 ℃, the electronic expansion valve keeps,
if the exhaust temperature-drying room temperature is less than 30 ℃, the electronic expansion valve is closed,
when the exhaust temperature is higher than the full-opening exhaust temperature of the expansion valve, the electronic expansion valve is forcibly opened to step 480;
eight-opening explosion-proof pressure relief valve
When the combustible detecting device detects that the concentration of the combustible gas reaches a set value, the explosion-proof pressure relief device is opened, and when the concentration of the combustible gas drops to a set value-return difference, the explosion-proof pressure relief valve is closed.
2. The method for controlling the heat pump type closed sludge drying system according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step seven, the operation of the step seven,
initial opening degree: when the temperature of the inlet air of the evaporator is less than or equal to 5 ℃, the opening is fixed for 200 steps,
when the inlet air temperature of the evaporator is more than 5 ℃ and less than 40 ℃, opening the temperature by 200+ (actual environment temperature-5) multiplied by 5 steps,
when the temperature of the inlet air of the evaporator is more than or equal to 40 ℃, the opening step 380 is fixed.
3. The method for controlling the heat pump type closed sludge drying system according to claim 1, wherein:
the heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises:
a drying room (1), an upper layer conveyor belt (2) arranged at the upper part of the drying room and used for conveying sludge, a lower layer conveyor belt (3) arranged at the lower part of the drying room and used for conveying sludge,
the drying room is arranged on the system shell (4) on one side of the drying room, the top of the drying room is connected with the top of the system shell to form a return air channel (5), and a main air supply outlet is formed on the side wall, connected with the system shell, below the lower layer of conveying belt.
4. The method for controlling the heat pump type closed sludge drying system according to claim 1, wherein:
the first heating circulation system comprises a first compressor (6), a first condenser (7), a first energy balancer (8), a first electronic expansion valve (9), a first evaporator (10) and a first energy balancer (8) which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the pipeline of the first heating circulation system passes through the first energy balancer for the second time and returns to the first compressor to form a closed loop, and the first condenser is arranged on one side of a main air supply outlet of the drying room;
the second heating circulation system comprises a second compressor (11), a second condenser (12), a second energy balancer (13), a second electronic expansion valve (14), a second evaporator (15) and a second energy balancer (13), wherein the second compressor (11), the second condenser (12), the second energy balancer (13), the second electronic expansion valve, the second evaporator (15) and the second energy balancer (13) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the air channel circulating system comprises a water heat exchanger (16) arranged on the return air channel, an air balancer (17) arranged between an evaporator, a second evaporator, a first condenser and a second condenser, and a main air feeder (18) arranged at the joint of the drying room and the system shell and below the lower-layer conveyor belt.
5. A heat pump type closed sludge drying system for use in the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat pump type closed sludge drying system comprises:
a drying room (1), an upper layer conveyor belt (2) arranged at the upper part of the drying room and used for conveying sludge, a lower layer conveyor belt (3) arranged at the lower part of the drying room and used for conveying sludge,
the system shell (4) is arranged on one side of the drying room, the top of the drying room is connected with the top of the system shell to form a return air channel (5), and a main air supply outlet is formed on the side wall, connected with the system shell, below the lower layer conveyor belt;
the first heating circulating system, the second heating circulating system and the air duct circulating system are arranged in the system shell;
the first heating circulation system comprises a first compressor (6), a first condenser (7), a first energy balancer (8), a first electronic expansion valve (9), a first evaporator (10) and a first energy balancer (8) which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the pipeline of the first heating circulation system passes through the first energy balancer for the second time and returns to the first compressor to complete closed loop, and the first condenser is arranged on one side of a main air supply outlet of the drying room;
the second heating circulation system comprises a second compressor (11), a second condenser (12), a second energy balancer (13), a second electronic expansion valve (14), a second evaporator (15) and a second energy balancer (13), wherein the second compressor (11), the second condenser (12), the second energy balancer (13), the second electronic expansion valve, the second evaporator (15) and the second energy balancer (13) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the air duct circulating system comprises a water heat exchanger (16) arranged on the air return channel, an evaporator, a condenser, an air balancer (17) between the condensers, a main air feeder (18) arranged at the joint of the drying room and the system shell and below the lower-layer conveyor belt, and the air duct is sequentially arranged through the main air feeder, the lower-layer conveyor belt, the upper-layer conveyor belt, the air return channel, the water heat exchanger, the air balancer, the evaporator, the air balancer, the condenser and the main air feeder.
6. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein:
an auxiliary air supply outlet is formed on the side wall of the lower part of the upper layer conveying belt, which is connected with the system shell; the first heating circulation system also comprises a sensible heat condenser (19) which is arranged at one side of the drying room, is close to the auxiliary air supply outlet and is positioned between the first compressor and the first condenser at a pipeline position; the auxiliary air supply outlet is provided with two auxiliary circulating fans (20).
7. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: an auxiliary electric heating device (21) is arranged between the first condenser and the main blower.
8. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: the water heat exchanger is connected with a condensing tower (22) through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and a water pump (23) and an electronic three-way valve (24) are arranged on the water inlet pipe.
9. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: and a drainage groove (25) is arranged below the evaporator.
10. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: the first compressor, the second compressor, the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the first energy balancer and the second energy balancer are arranged in the closed inner cavity (26).
11. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: a flow equalizing plate (27) is arranged above the upper layer conveyor belt.
12. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: and a combustible substance detection device (28) is arranged at the top of the drying room.
13. The heat pump type closed sludge drying system of claim 5, wherein: and an explosion-proof pressure release valve (29) is arranged at the top of the drying room.
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| CN110131987B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-10-27 | 江苏申炬环保科技有限公司 | System closed loop type sludge dehumidifying and drying system |
| CN110590113A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-20 | 广东申菱环境系统股份有限公司 | Water-cooling type closed sludge drying system and temperature control method thereof |
| CN110590112A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-20 | 广东申菱环境系统股份有限公司 | Air-cooled closed sludge drying system and temperature control method thereof |
| CN110981151B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏天舒电器有限公司 | Negative pressure type heat pump closed sludge drying control system and control method |
| CN112876030B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2023-08-08 | 江苏天舒电器有限公司 | Self-adaptive belt type heat pump sludge drying system and control method thereof |
| CN114560616A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-31 | 江苏博一环保科技有限公司 | Heat pump type belt low-temperature sludge drying machine |
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