CN109552644A - A kind of netted plasma heat knife - Google Patents
A kind of netted plasma heat knife Download PDFInfo
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- CN109552644A CN109552644A CN201811411226.5A CN201811411226A CN109552644A CN 109552644 A CN109552644 A CN 109552644A CN 201811411226 A CN201811411226 A CN 201811411226A CN 109552644 A CN109552644 A CN 109552644A
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/12—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by electric heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/20—Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
- B64D15/22—Automatic initiation by icing detector
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of netted plasma heat knives, it is related to the anti-deicing field in surface, aim to solve the problem that traditional heat knife device, heat utilization efficiency is low, low-response, the big problem of power consumption, technical points are: including airborne power supply, control unit, high-voltage pulse unit and heat knife device, airborne power supply is connected with control unit, high-voltage pulse unit and heat knife device respectively, and control unit is connected by high-voltage pulse unit with heat knife device；Control unit is used for the detectable signal of real-time reception protection coating temperature, applies the power of excitation with the on-off of control loop and to high-voltage pulse unit；High-voltage pulse unit is sent to heat knife device after converting high-voltage pulse signal for the on-board voltage signal that control unit is transmitted by rectification, boosting；Heat knife device directly heats the wall surface air of protection coating by high-voltage pulse excitation.Present invention response is fast, and heating efficiency is high, can be used for handling the various ice stadiums of promptly preventing and kill off of aircraft and closes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anti-deicing technical field in surface more particularly to a kind of netted plasma heat knives.
Background technique
Aircraft in the high cloud passed through in the air rich in water droplet, super-cooling waterdrop strike wing, tail-rotor, double hair air intake ducts,
Easily cause the phenomenon that droplets freeze in the positions such as fan blade, import supporting plate.Icing not only causes aircraft weight to increase and oil consumption
Increase, and change its aerodynamic configuration and then influence aerodynamic quality, causes lift to reduce, resistance raising, even result in hair
Motivation flame-out in flight thus protect to aircraft easily icing position very necessary so that the tragedy to crash.
It is currently used in the anti-icing main use hot air anti-icing technology of aircraft wing and engine nacelle, cockpit wind
Gear generally uses electric heating anti-icing technology.Hot air anti-icing is generally by the bleed air of double hairs, via supply air line and adjusting
The hot gas of certain temperature is introduced anti-icing chamber by valve, reaches anti-icing purpose with this.Electric heating is anti-icing mainly to pass through electric heating member
Device (such as heating film, heating rod) directly heats easy icing position.The basic principle of both methods is made by heat exchange
The temperature of anti-icing target area reaches icing critical point or more, to achieve the purpose that anti-icing.
Some positions can permit the short time and freeze on a small quantity on aircraft, will not be right by ice removing before not up to dangerous
Flight safety influences, at this point, the design philosophy of deicing can be used in order to preferably reduce power consumption.Using the side of periodic heat
When method carries out deicing, the icing zone of protection of aircraft surfaces is using the periodically cooling cyclic process with heating.In cooling procedure
In, super-cooling waterdrop in surface collection cloud layer and generate icing, during heating, surface temperature constantly increases, destroy
The adhesion strength of ice and surface, the while under the action of power such as extraneous aerodynamic force, ice falls off removing from surface, for the ease of removal
The icing zone of protection of wing should be carried out the design philosophy of icing protection, the i.e. exhibition near leading edge stationary point by ice using subregion
Wing icing zone of protection is divided into several pieces to tangential, uses different heating powers and period to every piece, block and block it
Between area of isolation generally use the strategy of laser heating.Guarantee between each piece can't connect it is integral, so both can be with
Achieve the purpose that the protection that freezes, and energy can be saved.Wherein the region of laser heating is referred to as hot knife
Traditional heat knife device, heat utilization efficiency is low, low-response, and power consumption is big.For urgent icing conditions, if processing is too late
When, it is linked to be a nilas between each region, will lead to entire deicing system failure, seriously affect the flight safety of aircraft.
Therefore it is badly in need of a kind of heat knife device that response is fast, high-efficient, icing zone of protection is separated, convenient in aerodynamic force
Under the action of blow down.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of netted plasma heat knives, and response is fast, and heating efficiency is high, can be used for handling
Aircraft is various promptly to prevent and kill off ice stadium conjunction.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that
A kind of netted plasma heat knife, including airborne power supply, control unit, high-voltage pulse unit and heat knife device, institute
It states airborne power supply to be connected with described control unit, high-voltage pulse unit and heat knife device respectively, described control unit passes through high pressure
Pulse unit is connected with heat knife device；
Described control unit is used for the detectable signal of real-time reception protection coating temperature, with the on-off of control loop and to institute
State the power that high-voltage pulse unit applies excitation；
The high-voltage pulse unit converts high-tension pulse for the on-board voltage signal that control unit is transmitted by rectification, boosting
Heat knife device is sent to after rushing signal；
The heat knife device directly heats the wall surface air of protection coating by high-voltage pulse excitation.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, by airborne power supply respectively with control unit, high-voltage pulse unit and heat knife device
It is connected, provides the energy supply of whole device with this, control unit is then made to be connected by high-voltage pulse unit with heat knife device,
Ensure that heat knife device surface local air is heated continuously；Specifically, it when control unit detects icing signal, opens rapidly
Then heat knife device periodically heats other regions, blows down ice under the action of aerodynamic force, and pass through control high-tension pulse
It rushes unit and applies alive size, the height of frequency, voltage rising edge, failing edge and pulse width time etc. can be according to practical feelings
The action intensity of condition adjusting heat knife device；Therefore, because pulse voltage rising edge is steeper, near wall air, which is ionized rapidly, to be added
Heat, so that it is very fast to zone of protection response of working, it is general for urgent anti-icing situation, secondly, can directly be made with heat knife device
For air, heating efficiency is high, and anti-deicing effect is good, and easily controllable using control unit application electrical parameter.
Further, the heat knife device includes rectangle moulding shape and the insulating medium layer for being attached at protection coating, institute
State the grounding electrode being embedded in insulating medium layer with air exclusion, be provided between the insulating medium layer it is exposed in air
High-field electrode, the high-field electrode and grounding electrode are electrically connected.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, high-field electrode is exposed in air, and grounding electrode is imbedded in insulating medium layer,
It is attached to easy icing position, by being continuously applied high voltage pulse in high-field electrode, superficial air is heated rapidly, to reach
Anti- deicing effect.
Further, the insulating medium layer is silicon nitride ceramics layer, and dielectric constant is less than 1.3, and thickness is in 0.5-1mm
Between.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, because the relative dielectric constant of air is close to 1, and all solid insulating materials
Both greater than 1, the intensity in an electric field is distributed by the dielectric constant of various insulating materials, with dielectric constant at anti-
Than so the dielectric that selection dielectric constant is low as far as possible, to improve heating efficiency, i.e., selection silicon nitride ceramics is situated between as insulation
Matter layer.
Further, the high-field electrode is net metal electrode, and the distance between netted adjacent electrode is less than or equal to
10mm, and the width of the high-field electrode is 1-2mm.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, between the netted adjacent electrode of high-field electrode distance according to the actual situation depending on,
It less than or equal to 10mm, is exposed in air, and the width for limiting high-field electrode is maintaining heat knife device energy consumption as 1-2mm with this
Under the premise of not high, the heating efficiency of heat knife device is improved, meets environmentally protective ideas of energy-saving.
Further, described control unit includes the control chip based on FPGA, and the control chip is connected separately with A/D
Sample circuit and control relay circuit, the A/D sample circuit relation control chip-side are connected with signal acquisition circuit；
The voltage signal that temperature change generates is sent to A/D sample circuit, the A/D sampling by the signal acquisition circuit
Circuit is sent to control chip after converting analog signals into digital signal, and judgement is compared by control chip, opens simultaneously
Motor type relay control circuit applies the power of excitation with the on-off of control loop and to the high-voltage pulse unit.
It, can be fast the features such as using FPGA rapidity, paralleizability, delay stationarity by using above-mentioned technical proposal
The real time temperature at speed, accurately detection aircraft protection position, and by experimental verification, worst error is no more than 0.01 degree, tool
There is detection speed fast, precision is high, the accurate advantage of temperature control.
Further, the control chip includes logic control element, Database Unit and alarm unit, the database
Unit and alarm unit are all connected to logic control element.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the temperature data that signal acquisition circuit will test feeds back to control chip,
Logic control element finds corresponding target temperature data simultaneously according to the feedback information of signal acquisition circuit from Database Unit
It is sent in logic control element and judgement is compared, if it exceeds the threshold of setting, is alarmed by alarm unit, opened simultaneously
Motor type relay control circuit realizes effective control to heat knife device.
Further, the control chip communication is connected with an at least intelligent hand-held terminal, the intelligent hand-held terminal
Working condition is carried out by interacting for handshake with the airborne power supply, control unit, high-voltage pulse unit and heat knife device
Mutual inspection.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, control chip and intelligent hand-held terminal are communicated to connect, enable staff
Enough carry out the switching of manually or automatically mode at any time to control chip by intelligent hand-held terminal, and then artificial according to the actual situation
Regulate and control the start and stop of heat knife device；Meanwhile when intelligent hand-held terminal starts every time to airborne power supply, control unit, high-voltage pulse
One signal of unit and heat knife device, then a signal is fed back to intelligent hand-held terminal, signal of the intelligent hand-held terminal to feedback
Judgement is compared, and issues the instruction information that refusal is used, alerts or normally enabled.
Further, the signal acquisition circuit includes temperature collection circuit, signal amplification circuit, temperature-compensation circuit；
The temperature collection circuit includes the first end and electricity of resistance R1, resistance R2 and thermistor R0, the resistance R1
Source connection, second end are connect with the input terminal of the first end of resistance R2 and signal amplification circuit respectively, and the second of the resistance R2
End is grounded by thermistor R0；
The signal amplification circuit includes operational amplifier T1, resistance R3, resistance R4 and resistance R5, the operational amplifier
The non-inverting input terminal of T1 is connected to power supply by resistance R3, its inverting input terminal is connect with the first end of resistance R4, its output end
It is connect by resistance R5 with inverting input terminal and is connect with the input terminal of the temperature-compensation circuit, the second end of the resistance R4
It is connect with the output end of the temperature collection circuit；
The temperature-compensation circuit include operational amplifier T2, resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, capacitor C1,
Capacitor C2 and capacitor C3, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier T2 connected to power supply by resistance R6, its anti-phase input
End is connect by resistance R7 with the output end of the signal amplification circuit, the input terminal of output end and the A/D sample circuit connects
It connects, the first end of the resistance R8 is connect by capacitor C1 with the output end of the signal amplification circuit, second end and operation are put
The inverting input terminal connection of big device T2, the reverse phase of the first end of the resistance R9 and the first end of capacitor C2 and operational amplifier T2
Input terminal is separately connected, the first end of second end and capacitor C3 connect, the second end of the capacitor C3 and the second end of capacitor C2
It is connect after connection with the output end of operational amplifier T2.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, using being equipped with for three's circuit, extraneous temperature is acquired by temperature collection circuit
Degree evidence, then signal amplitude or power are increased by signal amplification circuit, and temperature-compensation circuit is suitable for big to temperature value drift
Sensing element carry out temperature-compensating, this structure greatly improves the practicability and reliability of signal acquisition circuit, with accurate
Detect the real time temperature at aircraft protection position in ground.
Further, the control relay circuit connects contact switch circuit, and passes through contact switch circuit control
The starting of heat knife device stops；
The control relay circuit includes point driving switch circuit, starts switch circuit, halt switch circuit and third
The normally closed point two of relay, the point driving switch circuit and starts switch circuit and connects two groups of normally closed point with third relay afterwards
At sequential circuit, and it is parallel to the halt switch circuit；
The contact switch circuit includes the opened point one of the first relay and the opened point one of the second relay, and described
The opened point one of one relay and the opened point of the second relay connect together to be concatenated with the normally closed point one of third relay afterwards.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, temperature detection signal is converted to initial current after input terminal introducing, relay
Control circuit can adjust on-board voltage signal, lower whole pulse electric voltage frequency to convert in high-voltage pulse unit, and then basis
The point operation control circuit of concatenation and starting control circuit, then and connect shutdown control circuit, control is connect with high-voltage pulse unit
The starting revolving speed of heat knife device, running speed and shut down speed；Only closure point driving switch, the i.e. opened point one of the first relay
Closure can control contact switch closing of circuit；Only closure starts switch, i.e. the opened point one of the second relay is closed, and can control
Contact switch closing of circuit；When the normally closed point one of closure shutdown switch, third relay disconnects, so that the second relay is normally opened
Point one disconnects, and contact switch circuit can control to disconnect.
Further, the point driving switch circuit includes the point driving switch and the first relay of concatenation；
It is described start switch circuit include concatenation start switch with the second relay, it is described to start switch both ends and be connected to
The opened point two of second relay；
The halt switch circuit is concatenated by shutdown switch and third relay.
It by using above-mentioned technical proposal, is closed and starts switch when needing to start, the opened point one of the second relay is inhaled
It closes, thus contact switch closing of circuit, pulse repetition frequency starts rapidly and evenly to improve revolving speed；It is closed and stops when needing to stop
Only switching, the normally closed point one of third relay disconnects, and the second relay electric-loss disconnects, and the opened point one of the second relay disconnects,
To which contact switch circuit disconnects, then heat knife device starts equably to reduce according to the deceleration time of setting frequency to shutdown.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
1, by setting high-voltage pulse unit, since pulse voltage rising edge is steeper, near wall air, which is ionized rapidly, to be added
Heat, so that it is very fast to zone of protection response of working, it is high-efficient, it is general for urgent anti-icing situation；
2, by setting control unit, the electrical parameter applied is easily controllable, can according to applying alive size, frequency
Just, voltage rising edge, failing edge and pulse width time etc. adjust the action intensity of heat knife device, to effectively reach anti-deicing
Effect；
3, by setting heat knife device, anti-icing region is divided into several pieces through reasonable Arrangement, makes to keep apart between each piece,
Under the booster action of aerodynamic force, it is ensured that ice can fall off from surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of module connection diagram of netted plasma heat knife of the present embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of heat knife device in a kind of netted plasma heat knife of the present embodiment, it is shown that in heat knife device
The connection relationship in portion；
Fig. 3 is the module connection diagram of control unit in a kind of netted plasma heat knife of the present embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of signal acquisition circuit in a kind of netted plasma heat knife of the present embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of control relay circuit in a kind of netted plasma heat knife of the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 is contact switch circuit in a kind of netted plasma heat knife of the present embodiment, it is shown that control relay circuit
With the connection relationship between contact switch circuit.
In figure, 1, airborne power supply；2, control unit；21, chip is controlled；211, logic control element；212, database list
Member；213, alarm unit；22, A/D sample circuit；23, control relay circuit；231, point driving switch circuit；232, starting is opened
Powered-down road；233, halt switch circuit；24, signal acquisition circuit；241, temperature collection circuit；242, signal amplification circuit；
243, temperature-compensation circuit；25, contact switch circuit；3, high-voltage pulse unit；4, heat knife device；41, insulating medium layer；42,
Grounding electrode；43, high-field electrode；5, intelligent hand-held terminal；61, the first relay；611, the opened point one of the first relay；
62, the second relay；621, the opened point one of the second relay；622, the opened point two of the second relay；63, third relay
Device；631, the normally closed point one of third relay；632, the normally closed point two of third relay；71, point driving switch；72, it starts switch；
73, shutdown switch.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
A kind of netted plasma heat knife, as shown in Figure 1, including airborne power supply 1, control unit 2, high-voltage pulse unit 3
And heat knife device 4, airborne power supply 1 is connected with control unit 2, high-voltage pulse unit 3 and heat knife device 4 respectively first, with this
The energy supply of whole device is provided, control unit 2 is then made to be connected by high-voltage pulse unit 3 with heat knife device 4, it is ensured that heat
4 surface local air of knife system is heated continuously, and then ice sheet is easy to fall off from frozen surface, and effect is fast, high-efficient.And
This device is installed on protection coating according to the actual situation, in this of the invention embodiment, the leading edge of a wing extend to it is tangential
Anti-icing region is separated into several pieces, heat knife device 4 is installed in the slot of reserved 0.5-1mm, guarantees its outer surface and wing
Surface flushes, and does not influence the aerodynamic configuration of wing.
As shown in Figure 1, control unit 2 is used for the detectable signal of real-time reception protection coating temperature, with the logical of control loop
Power that is disconnected and applying excitation to the high-voltage pulse unit 3；High-voltage pulse unit 3 is passed control unit 2 by rectification, boosting
Defeated on-board voltage signal is sent to heat knife device 4 after being converted into high-voltage pulse signal；And heat knife device 4 is motivated by high-voltage pulse
Directly the wall surface air of protection coating is heated.When control unit 2 detects icing signal, heat knife device is opened rapidly
4, other regions are then periodically heated, blow down ice under the action of aerodynamic force, and pass through control high-voltage pulse unit 3
Alive size is applied, the height of frequency, voltage rising edge, failing edge and pulse width time etc. can be adjusted according to the actual situation
The action intensity of heat knife device 4.Therefore, because pulse voltage rising edge is steeper, near wall air is ionized rapidly heating, so that
Working to zone of protection, it is very fast to respond, general for urgent anti-icing situation；Secondly, sky can be directly acted on heat knife device 4
Gas, heating efficiency is high, and anti-deicing effect is good；And it is easily controllable using the application electrical parameter of control unit 2.
As shown in Fig. 2, heat knife device 4 includes rectangle moulding shape and is attached at the insulating medium layer 41 of protection coating, absolutely
It is provided with high-field electrode 43 between edge dielectric layer 41, is embedded with that size is corresponding with high-field electrode region to be connect in insulating medium layer 41
High-field electrode 43 and grounding electrode 42 are electrically connected by ground electrode 42.Wherein high-field electrode 43 is exposed in air, grounding electrode
42 are imbedded in insulating medium layer 41, are attached to easy icing position, by being continuously applied high voltage pulse, table in high-field electrode 43
Face air is heated rapidly, to reach anti-deicing effect.Simultaneously by reasonable Arrangement, anti-icing region can be divided into several pieces,
Make to keep apart between each piece, under the booster action of aerodynamic force, ice can fall off from surface.
As shown in Fig. 2, insulating medium layer 41 is silicon nitride ceramics layer, dielectric constant is less than 1.3, and thickness is in 0.5-1mm
Between, because the relative dielectric constant of air is close to 1, and all solid insulating materials are both greater than 1, strong in an electric field
Degree is distributed by the dielectric constant of various insulating materials, is inversely proportional with dielectric constant, so selection dielectric constant is low as far as possible
Dielectric, to improve heating efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 2, high-field electrode 43 is net metal electrode, it can be by being made to material surface spraying plating conductive metal
At, the distance between netted adjacent electrode according to the actual situation depending on, and be less than or equal to 10mm, be exposed in air, and limit
The width for determining high-field electrode 43 is 1-2mm, with this under the premise of maintaining 4 energy consumption of heat knife device not high, improves heat knife device 4
Heating efficiency meets environmentally protective ideas of energy-saving.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, control unit 2 includes the control chip 21 based on FPGA, and control chip 21 is connected separately with
A/D sample circuit 22 and control relay circuit 23,22 relation control chip of A/D sample circuit, 21 side are connected with signal acquisition
Circuit 24；The voltage signal that temperature change generates is sent to A/D sample circuit 22, A/D sample circuit by signal acquisition circuit 24
22 convert analog signals into after digital signal and are sent to control chip 21, and judgement is compared by control chip 21, simultaneously
Starting relay control circuit 23 applies the power of excitation with the on-off of control loop and to high-voltage pulse unit 3.In the present invention
In this embodiment, the 21 model EP3C40 of control chip of FPGA, by being fixed using FPGA rapidity, paralleizability, delay
Property the features such as, can quickly and accurately detect the real time temperature at aircraft protection position, and by experimental verification, worst error
No more than 0.01 degree, have detection speed fast, precision is high, the accurate advantage of temperature control.
As shown in figure 3, control chip 21 includes logic control element 211, Database Unit 212 and alarm unit 213, number
Logic control element 211 is all connected to according to library unit 212 and alarm unit 213.The temperature that signal acquisition circuit 24 will test
Data feedback is to control chip 21, and logic control element 211 is according to the feedback information of signal acquisition circuit 24, from database list
It finds corresponding target temperature Data Concurrent in member 212 and send into logic control element 211 and judgement is compared, if it exceeds setting
Fixed threshold alarmed by alarm unit 213, while starting relay control circuit 23 realizes having to heat knife device 4
Effect control.In addition, being also stored with normal operating parameters and/or the work of each component in the Database Unit 212 of control chip 21
Life information can judge whether it needs replacing or repair according to the normal operating parameters and/or working life information of each component,
If so, control alarm unit 213 carries out local warning, the warning function to each component working condition is realized, is reminded in advance
Staff's replacement or maintenance, prevent failure, improve working efficiency.
It as shown in Figure 1, control 21 communication link of chip is connected to an at least intelligent hand-held terminal 5, pass through staff can
5 pairs of control chips 21 of intelligent hand-held terminal carry out control operation, and in this embodiment of the invention, intelligent hand-held terminal 5 is to load
Mobile phone, plate or the laptop of long-range control APP, and indigo plant is utilized between intelligent hand-held terminal 5 and control chip 21
It is synchronous to carry out data that the mode of the transmission of tooth data, infrared data transmission or electromagnetic data transmission realizes communication connection, and
The switching of manually or automatically mode, and then the start and stop of artificial regulatory heat knife device 4 according to the actual situation can be carried out at any time.Separately
Outside, intelligent hand-held terminal 5 and airborne power supply 1, control unit 2, high-voltage pulse unit 3 and heat knife device 4 pass through handshake
Interaction carries out the mutual inspection of working condition.When intelligent hand-held terminal 5 starts every time to airborne power supply 1, control unit 2, height
4 one signals of pulse unit 3 and heat knife device are pressed, then feed back a signal to intelligent hand-held terminal 5, which includes each
Airborne power supply 1, control unit 2, high-voltage pulse unit 3 and heat knife device 4 id information, the letters of 5 pairs of intelligent hand-held terminal feedbacks
Number with store corresponding id information judgement be compared, when something goes wrong, or there is certain symptom and need processing but temporarily will not
When influencing to operate normally and the variation of sensor in error range when, make refusal and use, warning or normally enable
Indicate information.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, signal acquisition circuit 24 includes temperature collection circuit 241, signal amplification circuit 242, temperature
Compensation circuit 243, thus being equipped with by three's circuit, by the acquisition ambient temperature data of temperature collection circuit 241, then by
Signal amplification circuit 242 increases signal amplitude or power, and temperature-compensation circuit 243 is suitable for the sensitivity big to temperature value drift
Element carries out temperature-compensating, this structure greatly improves the practicability and reliability of signal acquisition circuit 24, accurately to examine
Survey the real time temperature at aircraft protection position.Wherein referring particularly to Fig. 4, temperature collection circuit 241 include resistance R1, resistance R2 and
Thermistor R0, the first end of resistance R1 connects to power supply, second end respectively with the first end and signal amplification circuit of resistance R2
242 input terminal connection, the second end of resistance R2 are grounded by thermistor R0；Signal amplification circuit 242 includes operation amplifier
Device T1, resistance R3, resistance R4 and resistance R5, the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier T1 is connected to power supply by resistance R3, it is anti-
Phase input terminal is connect with the first end of resistance R4, its output end is connect by resistance R5 with inverting input terminal and electric with temperature-compensating
The input terminal on road 243 connects, and the second end of resistance R4 is connect with the output end of temperature collection circuit 241；Temperature-compensation circuit 243
Including operational amplifier T2, resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, capacitor C1, capacitor C2 and capacitor C3, operation amplifier
The non-inverting input terminal of device T2 is connected to power supply by resistance R6, its inverting input terminal passes through resistance R7 and signal amplification circuit 242
Output end connection, output end and A/D sample circuit 22 input terminal connect, the first end of resistance R8 passes through capacitor C1 and signal
The output end connection of amplifying circuit 242, the inverting input terminal of second end and operational amplifier T2 connect, the first end of resistance R9 with
The first end of capacitor C2 and the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier T2 be separately connected, the first end of second end and capacitor C3 connect,
The second end of capacitor C3 is connect after connecting with the second end of capacitor C2 with the output end of operational amplifier T2.
Further, as shown in figures 1 and 3, control relay circuit 23 connects contact switch circuit 25, and passes through touching
Point switching circuit 25 controls the starting of heat knife device 4, stops；Wherein, referring to Fig. 5, control relay circuit 23 is opened including crawl
Powered-down road 231, the normally closed point 2 632 for starting switch circuit 232, halt switch circuit 233 and third relay, point driving switch
It circuit 231 and starts switch circuit 232 and connects and form sequential circuit with the normally closed point 2 632 of third relay afterwards, and be parallel to
Halt switch circuit 233, enables heat knife device 4 at the uniform velocity crawl, starting, stopping, and control relay circuit 23 is also used
In adjustment on-board voltage signal, whole pulse electric voltage frequency is lowered to convert in high-voltage pulse unit 3.As shown in fig. 6, contact is opened
The opened point 1 on powered-down road 25 including the first relay and the opened point 1 of the second relay, the first relay it is normally opened
The opened point 1 and connecing of point 1 and the second relay is concatenated with the normally closed point 1 of third relay afterwards.Because of relay
It is to disconnect when the opened point no power of device, after energization, two contacts are just closed；It is closure when its normally closed no power, leads to
After electricity, two contacts are just disconnected, so control relay circuit 23 can control opening for heat knife device 4 by contact switch circuit 25
Stop.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, point driving switch circuit 231 includes the point driving switch 71 and the first relay 61 of concatenation, starting
Switching circuit 232 includes that concatenation starts switch 72 and second relay 62, starts switch 72 both ends and is connected to the second relay
Opened point 2 622, halt switch circuit 233 concatenates by shutdown switch 73 and third relay 63, in above-mentioned control electricity
Lu Zhongjun increases relay, to enhance the voltage pulse output frequency of its control circuit, and then passes through the hot knife dress of switch control
Set 4.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, point driving switch 71 is closed when needing crawl, then the opened point 1 of the first relay is inhaled
It closes, so that contact switch circuit 25 is closed, pulse repetition frequency slowly at the uniform velocity improved, i.e., heat knife device 4 is therewith slowly evenly
Crawl starting；When needing to start, closure starts switch 72, and the opened point 1 of the second relay is attracted, thus contact switch
Circuit 25 is closed, and pulse repetition frequency starts rapidly and evenly to improve revolving speed；Shutdown switch 73, third are closed when needing to stop
The normally closed point 1 of relay disconnects, and 62 power loss of the second relay disconnects, and the opened point 1 of the second relay disconnects, thus
Contact switch circuit 25 disconnects, then heat knife device 4 starts equably to reduce according to the deceleration time of setting frequency to shutdown.
Based on the working principle of the netted plasma heat knife of Aerodynamic Heating: first by signal acquisition circuit 24 by temperature
The voltage signal that variation generates is sent to A/D sample circuit 22, after A/D sample circuit 22 converts analog signals into digital signal
It is sent to control chip 21, controls the logic control element 211 inside chip 21 according to feedback information, from Database Unit 212
It is middle find corresponding target and compare temperature data and be sent in logic control element 211 judged, if it exceeds setting
Threshold is alarmed by alarm unit 213, while starting relay control circuit 23 realizes effective control to heat knife device 4
System, i.e. high-voltage pulse unit 3 are sent out after converting high-voltage pulse signal for the on-board voltage signal of transmission filtering by rectification, boosting
Sending heats heat knife device 4 directly to the wall surface air of protection coating by high-voltage pulse excitation, then
Other regions are periodically heated, ice is blown down under the action of aerodynamic force.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of netted plasma heat knife, it is characterised in that: including airborne power supply (1), control unit (2), high-voltage pulse list
First (3) and heat knife device (4), the airborne power supply (1) respectively with described control unit (2), high-voltage pulse unit (3) and hot knife
Device (4) is connected, and described control unit (2) is connected by high-voltage pulse unit (3) with heat knife device (4)；
Described control unit (2) is used for the detectable signal of real-time reception protection coating temperature, with the on-off of control loop and to institute
State the power that high-voltage pulse unit (3) apply excitation；
The high-voltage pulse unit (3) converts high pressure for the on-board voltage signal that control unit (2) are transmitted by rectification, boosting
Heat knife device (4) are sent to after pulse signal；
The heat knife device (4) directly heats the wall surface air of protection coating by high-voltage pulse excitation.
2. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat knife device (4) includes
Rectangle moulding shape and the insulating medium layer (41) for being attached at protection coating, are embedded in the insulating medium layer (41) and air
The grounding electrode (42) of isolation is provided with exposed aerial high-field electrode (43), institute between the insulating medium layer (41)
High-field electrode (43) and grounding electrode (42) are stated to be electrically connected.
3. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the insulating medium layer (41) is
Silicon nitride ceramics layer, dielectric constant is less than 1.3, and thickness is between 0.5-1mm.
4. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the high-field electrode (43) is net
Shape metal electrode, the distance between netted adjacent electrode is less than or equal to 10mm, and the width of the high-field electrode (43) is
1-2mm。
5. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described control unit (2) includes
Control chip (21) based on FPGA, the control chip (21) are connected separately with A/D sample circuit (22) and relay control
Circuit (23), A/D sample circuit (22) relation control chip (21) side are connected with signal acquisition circuit (24)；
The voltage signal that temperature change generates is sent to A/D sample circuit (22), the A/D by the signal acquisition circuit (24)
Sample circuit (22) is sent to control chip (21) after converting analog signals into digital signal, and is carried out by control chip (21)
Contrast judgement, while starting relay control circuit (23) is applied with the on-off of control loop and to the high-voltage pulse unit (3)
Add the power of excitation.
6. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the control chip (21) includes
Logic control element (211), Database Unit (212) and alarm unit (213), the Database Unit (212) and alarm list
First (213) are all connected to logic control element (211).
7. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: control chip (21) communication
It is connected with an at least intelligent hand-held terminal (5), the intelligent hand-held terminal (5) and the airborne power supply (1), control unit
(2), high-voltage pulse unit (3) and heat knife device (4) carry out the mutual inspection of working condition by the interaction of handshake.
8. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the signal acquisition circuit (24)
Including temperature collection circuit (241), signal amplification circuit (242), temperature-compensation circuit (243)；
The temperature collection circuit (241) includes the first end and electricity of resistance R1, resistance R2 and thermistor R0, the resistance R1
Source connection, second end are connect with the input terminal of the first end of resistance R2 and signal amplification circuit (242) respectively, the resistance R2's
Second end is grounded by thermistor R0；
The signal amplification circuit (242) includes operational amplifier T1, resistance R3, resistance R4 and resistance R5, the operation amplifier
The non-inverting input terminal of device T1 is connected to power supply by resistance R3, its inverting input terminal is connect with the first end of resistance R4, its output
End is connect with inverting input terminal and is connect with the input terminal of the temperature-compensation circuit (243) by resistance R5, the resistance R4
Second end connect with the output end of the temperature collection circuit (241)；
The temperature-compensation circuit (243) include operational amplifier T2, resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9, capacitor C1,
Capacitor C2 and capacitor C3, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier T2 connected to power supply by resistance R6, its anti-phase input
End connect by resistance R7 with the output end of the signal amplification circuit (242), output end and the A/D sample circuit (22)
Input terminal connection, the first end of the resistance R8 connect by capacitor C1 with the output end of the signal amplification circuit (242), the
Two ends are connect with the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier T2, and first end and the first end of capacitor C2 and operation of the resistance R9 is put
The inverting input terminal of big device T2 is separately connected, the first end of second end and capacitor C3 connect, the second end and electricity of the capacitor C3
It is connect after holding the second end connection of C2 with the output end of operational amplifier T2.
9. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the control relay circuit
(23) contact switch circuit (25) are connected, and passes through the starting of contact switch circuit (25) control heat knife device (4), stopping；
The control relay circuit (23) includes point driving switch circuit (231), starts switch circuit (232), halt switch electricity
The normally closed point two (632) of road (233) and third relay, the point driving switch circuit (231) and starts switch circuit (232)
And it connects and forms sequential circuit with the normally closed point two (632) of third relay afterwards, and be parallel to the halt switch circuit (233)；
The contact switch circuit (25) includes the opened point one (611) of the first relay and the opened point one of the second relay
(621), the opened point one (611) of first relay and the opened point one (621) of the second relay and after connecing and third after
The normally closed point one (631) of electric appliance concatenates.
10. a kind of netted plasma heat knife according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the point driving switch circuit
It (231) include the point driving switch (71) and the first relay (61) concatenated；
The circuit (232) that starts switch includes that concatenation starts switch (72) and the second relay (62), described to start switch
(72) both ends and it is connected to the opened point two (622) of the second relay；
The halt switch circuit (233) is concatenated by shutdown switch (73) and third relay (63).
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| CN201811411226.5A CN109552644A (en) | 2018-11-24 | 2018-11-24 | A kind of netted plasma heat knife |
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| CN110481793A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-22 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of new electrically heating ice shape regulation method and anti-freeze type aircraft |
| CN110481792A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-22 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of novel plasma ice shape regulation device, method and anti-freeze type aircraft |
| CN112629807A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Method for removing ice growing on surface of silk thread hot knife and model |
| CN112629093A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Method for removing ice growing on surface of film hot knife and model |
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Application publication date: 20190402 |