CN109548729B - Cage culture device and method for small yellow croakers with multiple nutrition levels - Google Patents
Cage culture device and method for small yellow croakers with multiple nutrition levels Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548729B CN109548729B CN201811648782.4A CN201811648782A CN109548729B CN 109548729 B CN109548729 B CN 109548729B CN 201811648782 A CN201811648782 A CN 201811648782A CN 109548729 B CN109548729 B CN 109548729B
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- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000356842 Larimichthys polyactis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-nutrition-level small yellow croaker cage culture device and a culture method thereof, wherein the cage culture device comprises a plurality of cages, a master controller and a memory; the peripheral surfaces of all the net cages except the net cage on the outermost side are provided with a plurality of fish screening devices, and the fish screening devices are provided with detection devices and interference devices; the fish screening device comprises an escape channel, a movable box and a selective escape device arranged on the movable box; the inner net cages of two adjacent net cages are sleeved in the outer net cages, one end of the escape channel is communicated with each net cage, and the other end of the escape channel is communicated with the movable box; the master controller is electrically connected with the memory, the detection device and the interference device respectively. According to the invention, the small yellow croakers in different growth stages are put into different net cages and put in different nutrient substances, so that the method has pertinence and realizes the multi-nutrient-level cultivation of the small yellow croakers; through the selective escape device, the automatic escape of the small yellow croakers is realized, manual selection is not needed, and the labor cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cage culture, in particular to a multi-nutrition-level cage culture device for small yellow croakers and a culture method thereof, wherein the multi-nutrition-level cage culture device can provide different nutrient substances according to different growth stages of the small yellow croakers, does not need human participation, and reduces the cost.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people, aquatic products such as seafood and the like become indispensable food, and the demand can not be met obviously by fishing the aquatic products into the sea after the aquatic products grow naturally, so that more and more farmers depend on seawater to artificially breed various aquatic products. The net cage culture is an intensive artificial aquaculture technology, has relatively fast development in recent years, and has gradually developed into a modern aquaculture facility culture technology after the net cage is matched with facilities. At present, people adopt cage culture, namely, different varieties or different sizes of fishes are cultured in different cages, and different or same nutrient substances are put in the same cage, so that the waste of resources is caused, and the growth of small fishes is influenced; meanwhile, large fishes need to be manually picked out and put into another net cage, so that the labor cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a small yellow croaker cage culture device with multiple nutrition levels and a culture method thereof, which can provide different nutrient substances according to different growth stages of small yellow croakers, do not need human participation and reduce the cost, so as to overcome the defects of resource waste, influence on the growth of the small yellow croakers and high labor cost in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-nutrition-level small yellow croaker cage culture device comprises a plurality of cages, a master controller and a memory; the peripheral surfaces of all the other net cages except the outermost net cage are provided with a plurality of fish screening devices, and each fish screening device is provided with a detection device and an interference device; the fish screening device comprises an escape channel, a movable box and a selective escape device arranged on the movable box; the inner net cages of two adjacent net cages are sleeved in the outer net cages, one end of the escape channel is communicated with each net cage, and the other end of the escape channel is communicated with the movable box; the master controller is electrically connected with the memory, the detection devices and the interference devices respectively.
The small yellow croakers in different growth stages are put in different net cages, the small yellow croaker seedlings are put in the innermost net cage, after a period of growth, the small yellow croakers are attracted by feed in the net cages at the outer sides and swim to the movable box through the escape channel, then the interference devices are controlled to work through the master controller, the small yellow croakers are excited, impact the selective escape devices and swim to the net cages at the outer sides for foraging, and the small yellow croakers are escaped to the net cages at the outer sides until the small yellow croakers are escaped to the net cages at the outer sides, so that the growth is completed.
Preferably, the selective escape device comprises a first rebound door and a second rebound door arranged on the movable box, and a first frame for mounting the first rebound door and the second rebound door; the first rebound door and the second rebound door are in a split type; the first frame is arranged on the movable box; the small yellow croaker hits the rebound door to swim to the outer net cage, and the rebound door rebounds automatically.
Preferably, a first gap is formed between the first rebound door, the second rebound door and the first frame; the small yellow croakers can smell the fragrance of the feed in the next net cage through the gaps, so that the escape of the small yellow croakers is accelerated.
Preferably, the selective escape device comprises a third rebound door arranged on the movable box, a second frame used for installing the third rebound door, and a support plate arranged on the frame and used for forming a second gap; the second frame is installed on the movable box, the third rebound door is installed on one side of the second frame, and the supporting plate is installed on the other side of the second frame.
Preferably, each net cage, each escape passage and each movable box are of a net structure; supporting rods are arranged on each net cage, each escape channel and each movable box; the net cage is firmer.
Preferably, the impact force for opening the rebound doors on the same net cage is equal, and the impact force for opening the rebound doors on different net cages is unequal.
Preferably, the detection device is a length detector, and the interference device is an audio frequency interference device; the length detector is positioned on the escape channel, the audio frequency interference unit is positioned on the movable box, and the length detector and the audio frequency interference unit are electrically connected with the master controller.
A method for breeding a small yellow croaker cage culture device based on multiple nutrition layers comprises the following steps:
(8-1) dividing the small yellow croakers into N grades according to the length, storing the length range of the small yellow croakers corresponding to each grade into a memory, and feeding the small yellow croakers with different grades with different kinds of feed;
(8-2) numbering the net cages from inside to outside, wherein the net cages are respectively a No. 1 net cage, a No. 2 net cage, … … net cage, an N-th net cage, … … net cage and an N-th net cage;
(8-3) respectively putting the small yellow croakers with different grades into different net cages, and putting the feeds required by the small yellow croakers with different grades into the corresponding net cages; wherein, the little yellow croaker of the 1 st level is positioned in the 1 st net cage, and the little yellow croaker of the Nth level is positioned in the Nth net cage;
(8-4) when the small yellow croakers of the nth grade grow into the small yellow croakers of the (n + 1) th grade, the small yellow croakers of the (n + 1) th grade in the nth net cage are attracted by the feed in the (n + 1) th net cage and swim into the movable box through the escape channel;
(8-5) detecting the length of the swimming small yellow croaker by a detecting device positioned on an escape channel communicated with the nth net cage, and transmitting the length of the small yellow croaker to a master controller;
(8-6) the total controller compares the length of the received small yellow croaker with the length range of the small yellow croaker of each grade stored in the memory, if the length of the small yellow croaker is greater than the longest length of the small yellow croaker of the nth grade, the total controller controls the interference device to work, so that the small yellow croaker is excited and impacts the selective escape device, and the small yellow croaker enters the (n + 1) th net box.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the small yellow croakers in different growth stages are put into different net cages and put in different nutrient substances, so that the method has pertinence and realizes the multi-nutrient-level cultivation of the small yellow croakers; through the selective escape device, the automatic escape of the small yellow croakers is realized, manual selection is not needed, and the labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one configuration of the fish screening apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a selective escape apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a selective escape device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a net cage 1, a fish screening device 2, a first gap 3, a second gap 4, an escape channel 21, a movable box 22, a selective escape device 23, a first rebound door 231, a second rebound door 232, a first frame 233, a third rebound door 234, a second frame 235 and a supporting plate 236.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following detailed description with reference to the drawings in which:
example 1
The embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1 is a multi-nutrition-level small yellow croaker cage culture device, which comprises 4 cages 1, a master controller and a memory; the peripheral surfaces of all the other net cages except the outermost net cage are provided with 3 fish screening devices 2, and each fish screening device is provided with a detection device and an interference device; as shown in fig. 2, the fish sieving device comprises an escape passage 21, a movable box 22 and a selective escape device 23 arranged on the movable box; the inner net cages of two adjacent net cages are sleeved in the outer net cages, one end of the escape channel is communicated with each net cage, and the other end of the escape channel is communicated with the movable box; the detection device is a length detector, and the interference device is an audio frequency interference device; the length detector is positioned on the escape channel, and the audio frequency interference device is positioned on the movable box; each net cage, each escape channel and each movable box are of net structures; supporting rods are arranged on each net cage, each escape channel and each movable box; the master controller is electrically connected with the memory, the length detectors and the audio jammers respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the selective escape apparatus includes a first resilient door 231 and a second resilient door 232 provided on the movable box, a first frame 233 for mounting the first resilient door and the second resilient door; the first rebound door and the second rebound door are in a split type; the first frame is arranged on the movable box; a first gap is formed among the first rebound door, the second rebound door and the first frame; the impact force for opening the rebound doors on the same net cage is equal, and the impact force for opening the rebound doors on different net cages is unequal.
A method for breeding a small yellow croaker cage culture device based on multiple nutrition layers comprises the following steps:
100, dividing the small yellow croakers into 4 grades according to the length, wherein the length range of the 1 st grade of small yellow croakers is less than 5cm, the length range of the 2 nd grade of small yellow croakers is 5cm to 10cm, the length range of the 3 rd grade of small yellow croakers is 10cm to 15cm, the length range of the 4 th grade of small yellow croakers is more than 15cm, storing the length ranges of the small yellow croakers corresponding to the grades into a memory, and feeding the small yellow croakers of different grades with different kinds of feed;
200, numbering the net cages from inside to outside, namely a 1 st net cage, a 2 nd net cage, a 3 rd net cage and a 4 th net cage;
step 300, respectively putting the small yellow croakers with different grades into different net cages, and putting the required feed for the small yellow croakers with different grades into the corresponding net cages; the method comprises the following steps that 1, the small yellow croakers of the 1 st level are located in a 1 st net cage, 2 nd level small yellow croakers are located in a 2 nd net cage, 3 rd level small yellow croakers are located in a 3 rd net cage, and 4 th level small yellow croakers are located in a 4 th net cage;
step 400, when the small yellow croakers of the 1 st level grow into the small yellow croakers of the 2 nd level, the small yellow croakers of the 2 nd level in the 1 st net cage are attracted by the feed in the 2 nd net cage and swim into the movable box through the escape passage;
step 500, a length detector positioned on an escape channel communicated with the No. 1 net cage detects the length of the swimming little yellow croaker and transmits the length of the little yellow croaker to a master controller;
step 600, the master controller compares the length of the received small yellow croaker with the length range of the small yellow croaker of each grade stored in the memory, if the length of the small yellow croaker is greater than 5cm of the longest length of the small yellow croaker of the 1 st grade, the master controller controls the audio frequency interference device to work and send out audio frequency, so that the small yellow croaker is excited and impacts the first rebound door and the second rebound door, the small yellow croaker of the 2 nd grade impacts the first rebound door and the second rebound door to escape to the 2 nd net cage, and the first rebound door and the second rebound door automatically rebound and restore to a closed state.
When the small yellow croaker of the level 2 grows into the small yellow croaker of the level 3, escaping to the net cage 3 through the steps 400 to 600, and escaping to the net cage 4 by using the same method all the time to finish the growth; the impact force of the first rebound door and the second rebound door on each net cage is obtained through experiments, the minimum force of the first rebound door and the second rebound door on the nth net cage which can be opened by impact is larger than the maximum force of the nth level little yellow croaker which is generated by audio interference, namely the first rebound door and the second rebound door on the nth net cage can only be knocked open by the little yellow croaker higher than the nth level; each escape passage communicating with the nth cage allows only one small yellow croaker above the nth rating to pass through.
Example 2
The multiple nutrition level small yellow croaker cage culture device as shown in fig. 4, the selective escaping device comprises a third rebounding door 234 arranged on the movable box, a second frame 235 for installing the third rebounding door, and a supporting plate 236 arranged on the frame for forming a second gap; the second frame is installed on the movable box, the third rebound door is installed on one side of the second frame, and the supporting plate is installed on the other side of the second frame.
When the small yellow croakers of the 1 st level grow into the small yellow croakers of the 2 nd level, the small yellow croakers of the 2 nd level in the 1 st net cage are attracted by the feed in the 2 nd net cage and swim into the movable box through the escape passage; a length detector positioned on an escape channel communicated with the No. 1 net cage detects the length of the swimming small yellow croakers and transmits the length of the small yellow croakers to a master controller; the master controller compares the length of the received small yellow croaker with the length range of the small yellow croaker of each grade stored in the memory, if the length of the small yellow croaker is greater than the longest length of the small yellow croaker of the 1 st grade by 5cm, the master controller controls the audio interference device to work and send out audio, so that the small yellow croaker is excited and impacts the third rebounding door, the small yellow croaker of the 2 nd grade knocks the third rebounding door open and escapes to the 2 nd net cage, and the third rebounding door rebounds automatically and returns to a closed state; when the level 2 small yellow croaker grows to be the level 3 small yellow croaker, the small yellow croaker escapes to the net cage 3 through the steps 400 to 600 and escapes to the net cage 4 by the same method all the time, and the growth is completed.
The impact force of the third rebound door on each net cage is obtained through experiments, the minimum force of the third rebound door on the nth net cage which can be opened by being impacted is larger than the maximum force of the nth level little yellow croaker which is generated by audio interference, namely, the third rebound door on the nth net cage can only be knocked by the little yellow croaker higher than the nth level; the rest of the structure and cultivation method of example 2 are the same as example 1.
It should be understood that this example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-nutrition-level small yellow croaker cage culture device is characterized by comprising a plurality of cages (1), a master controller and a memory; the inner net cages of two adjacent net cages are sleeved in the outer net cage, the peripheral surfaces of the rest net cages except the outermost net cage are provided with a plurality of fish screening devices (2), and each fish screening device is provided with a detection device and an interference device; the fish screening device comprises an escape channel (21), a movable box (22) and a selective escape device (23) arranged on the movable box; one end of the escape passage is communicated with the net cage, and the other end of the escape passage is communicated with the movable cage; the master controller is respectively electrically connected with the memory, each detection device and each interference device, and the selective escape device comprises a first rebound door (231) and a second rebound door (232) which are arranged on the movable box, and a first frame (233) for mounting the first rebound door and the second rebound door; the first rebound door and the second rebound door are in a split type; the first frame is arranged on the movable box, the impact force for opening the rebound doors on the same net box is equal, the impact force for opening the rebound doors on different net boxes is unequal, and the net boxes are numbered from inside to outside and respectively include a 1 st net box, a 2 nd net box, … …, an nth net box, … … and an nth net box;
respectively putting the small yellow croakers with different grades into different net cages, and putting the feeds required by the small yellow croakers with different grades into the corresponding net cages; wherein, the little yellow croaker of the 1 st level is positioned in the 1 st net cage, and the little yellow croaker of the Nth level is positioned in the Nth net cage;
when the small yellow croakers of the nth grade grow into the small yellow croakers of the (n + 1) th grade, the small yellow croakers enter the outer net cages from the inner net cages of the two adjacent net cages by impacting the rebounding doors.
2. The multiple nutrient level yellow croaker cage culture device of claim 1, wherein the first rebound door, the second rebound door and the first frame form a first gap therebetween.
3. The multiple nutrient level yellow croaker net cage culture device according to claim 1, wherein each net cage, each escape passage and each movable cage are of a net structure; and support rods are arranged on each net cage, each escape channel and each movable box.
4. The multiple nutrition level small yellow croaker cage culture device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the detection device is a length detector, and the interference device is an audio frequency interference device; the length detector is located the escape route, and audio jammer is located the movable box, and length detector and audio jammer all are connected with total controller electricity.
5. A multi-nutrition-level small yellow croaker cage culture device is characterized by comprising a plurality of cages (1), a master controller and a memory; the inner net cages of two adjacent net cages are sleeved in the outer net cage, the peripheral surfaces of the rest net cages except the outermost net cage are provided with a plurality of fish screening devices (2), and each fish screening device is provided with a detection device and an interference device; the fish screening device comprises an escape channel (21), a movable box (22) and a selective escape device (23) arranged on the movable box; one end of the escape passage is communicated with the net cage, and the other end of the escape passage is communicated with the movable cage; the main controller is electrically connected with the memory, each detection device and each interference device respectively, and the selective escape device comprises a third rebound door (234) arranged on the movable box, a second frame (235) used for installing the third rebound door, and a support plate (236) arranged on the frame and used for forming a second gap; the second frame is arranged on the movable box, the third rebound door is arranged on one side of the second frame, the support plate is arranged on the other side of the second frame, the impact force for opening the rebound doors on the same net cage is equal, the impact force for opening the rebound doors on different net cages is unequal, and the net cages are numbered from inside to outside and are respectively a 1 st net cage, a 2 nd net cage, … …, an nth net cage, … … and an Nth net cage;
respectively putting the small yellow croakers with different grades into different net cages, and putting the feeds required by the small yellow croakers with different grades into the corresponding net cages; wherein, the little yellow croaker of the 1 st level is positioned in the 1 st net cage, and the little yellow croaker of the Nth level is positioned in the Nth net cage;
when the small yellow croakers of the nth grade grow into the small yellow croakers of the (n + 1) th grade, the small yellow croakers enter the outer net cages from the inner net cages of the two adjacent net cages by impacting the rebounding doors.
6. The method for culturing the small yellow croaker cage culture device based on the multiple nutrition layers of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(8-1) dividing the small yellow croakers into N grades according to the length, storing the length range of the small yellow croakers corresponding to each grade into a memory, and feeding the small yellow croakers with different grades with different kinds of feed;
(8-2) numbering the net cages from inside to outside, wherein the net cages are respectively a No. 1 net cage, a No. 2 net cage, … … net cage, an N-th net cage, … … net cage and an N-th net cage;
(8-3) respectively putting the small yellow croakers with different grades into different net cages, and putting the feeds required by the small yellow croakers with different grades into the corresponding net cages; wherein, the little yellow croaker of the 1 st level is positioned in the 1 st net cage, and the little yellow croaker of the Nth level is positioned in the Nth net cage;
(8-4) when the small yellow croakers of the nth grade grow into the small yellow croakers of the (n + 1) th grade, the small yellow croakers of the (n + 1) th grade in the nth net cage are attracted by the feed in the (n + 1) th net cage and swim into the movable box through the escape channel;
(8-5) detecting the length of the swimming small yellow croaker by a detecting device positioned on an escape channel communicated with the nth net cage, and transmitting the length of the small yellow croaker to a master controller;
(8-6) the total controller compares the length of the received small yellow croaker with the length range of the small yellow croaker of each grade stored in the memory, if the length of the small yellow croaker is greater than the longest length of the small yellow croaker of the nth grade, the total controller controls the interference device to work, so that the small yellow croaker is excited and impacts the selective escape device, and the small yellow croaker enters the (n + 1) th net box.
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| CN109548729A (en) | 2019-04-02 |
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