CN109548709B - Method for assisting fishes in migration and tracing - Google Patents
Method for assisting fishes in migration and tracing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548709B CN109548709B CN201811201549.1A CN201811201549A CN109548709B CN 109548709 B CN109548709 B CN 109548709B CN 201811201549 A CN201811201549 A CN 201811201549A CN 109548709 B CN109548709 B CN 109548709B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for assisting fish in tracing a river migration, which comprises the following steps: (a) arrange the device of supplementary fish migration of tracing to the river in the river course, the device includes: inducing a net wall; a trapping water channel; the fish collecting pond is internally provided with a lifting fish collecting pond; a water inlet channel; (b) bait is placed in the fish collecting pond, inflow water flow is controlled, and target fishes are induced to swim into the liftable fish collecting pond; (c) and after the target fishes enter the liftable fish collecting pond, lifting and transporting the target fishes together with the fish belt water to a target water area. The invention integrates the trapping effects of water flow, the fixed fish collecting device and the bait, and traps the target fishes to be actively gathered to the fish collecting pool, thereby obviously improving the trapping effect of the target fishes, greatly reducing the organism damage of the target fishes caused by the extrusion of the netting gear, and further effectively improving the efficiency of auxiliary migration and the survival rate of the fish migration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fishery facilities, and particularly relates to a method for assisting fishes to trace river and migration.
Background
In recent years, due to engineering construction of river hydropower stations and the like, longitudinal communication of rivers is blocked, water bodies on the upstream and the downstream are continuously blocked in geographic space, the biological process of migratory fishes is continuously influenced greatly, and a method for constructing a migration channel is adopted at home and abroad so as to reduce the negative influence of industrial facility construction on the migratory fishes. Since the 60 s in the 20 th century, more than 40 migration channels built in China, such as Hung-Earth pond fishways, Han-river-Tech home-run fishways and the like, have also developed various fishway type selection optimization researches, but from the data analysis, most of domestic fishways are abandoned due to unsatisfactory operation, and no fish passes are monitored after part of fishways are built, so that the ecological effect is related to factors such as migration objects, natural environment and the like, and is not suitable for all hydraulic projects; in addition, fishway construction is expensive, and the requirement on geographic conditions is high. Therefore, the problem of how to reduce the influence of hydraulic engineering on migratory fishes still remains to be great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for assisting fishes to complete the migration and migration tracing, so that the negative influence of hydraulic engineering construction on the migratory fishes is reduced, and the efficiency of the auxiliary migration and the survival rate of the fishes are improved.
In the present invention, the "inlet" and the "outlet" are defined according to the direction in which the fish moves (opposite to the direction of water flow), and the "upstream" and the "downstream" are defined according to the upstream and the downstream of the water flow.
The method for assisting the fish in tracing the river migration comprises the following steps:
(a) arrange the device of supplementary fish migration of tracing to the river in the river course, the device includes:
the induction net wall extends from the bank to the river center;
the induced net wall is connected with the induced net wall, and the induced net wall is gradually contracted from the inlet to the outlet and is in a plurality of inverted splayed shapes connected end to end;
the fish collecting pond is connected with the outlet of the induced water channel, and a lifting fish collecting pond is arranged in the fish collecting pond;
the downstream end of the water inlet channel is connected to the fish collecting pond and is opposite to the outlet of the induced water collecting channel, and the upstream end of the water inlet channel is connected to the river channel; the flow speed and the flow of the inflow water can be manually controlled;
(b) bait is placed in the fish collecting pond, inflow water flow of the water inlet channel is controlled, and target fishes are induced to migrate into the liftable fish collecting pond;
(c) and after the target fishes enter the liftable fish collecting pond, lifting and transporting the target fishes together with the fish belt water to a target water area.
According to the invention, after the device for assisting the fish migration to the river is arranged, river water flow can enter from the water inlet channel, then sequentially flows through the fish collecting pond and the trapping channel and then flows back to the river, and the flow speed and the flow of the water flow can be artificially controlled according to trapping objects. And the fishes are backtraced and can enter the fish collecting pond through the induced collecting water channel under the guidance of the induced net wall. Bait is placed in the fish collecting pond, target fishes can be induced to enter, and then the target fishes can be transported to a target water area together with the fish carrying water through the liftable fish collecting pond to complete auxiliary migration. The invention integrates the trapping effects of water flow, the fish collecting device and bait, traps and collects target fishes to the fish collecting pool actively, obviously improves the trapping effect of the target fishes, the fish collecting device adopts the piles to be fixed in the river, the net deformation is small, the organism damage of the target fishes caused by the extrusion of the net is greatly reduced, and further the efficiency of auxiliary migration and the survival rate of the fishes are effectively improved.
Preferably, the devices for assisting fishes to trace the river and migrate are arranged along the two banks of the river in a multiple mode, the induction net walls corresponding to the two banks form an inverted splayed shape, and the middle of the induction net walls is overlapped but not connected.
The induced net wall mainly comprises a rectangular net, a steel cable, a fixed pile, a floating ball, a sinker and the like.
Preferably, the ends of the inducing net walls are bent inwards (towards the same side of the river bank) to form a barb shape. On one hand, the stability of the induced net wall can be improved, on the other hand, fishes can be further prevented from migrating upwards from the other side after crossing the tail end of the induced net wall, and the induction efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the included angle between the induction net wall and the water flow direction of the river channel is less than 60 degrees, and preferably 30-60 degrees.
In the invention, the trapping water channel is gradually contracted from the inlet to the outlet and is in a plurality of inverted-splayed shapes connected end to end, namely at least one side of each adjacent inverted-splayed shape has a contraction turning structure at the joint. Specifically, one side of each adjacent inverted-splayed shape can be contracted and folded at the joint, and the other opposite side is not contracted and folded (namely one side of each adjacent inverted-splayed shape is in the same straight line); of course, the two sides can be contracted and folded at the joint.
Preferably, the contraction turning part of the adjacent inverted splayed shape in the trapping water channel is provided with an inverted beard net. The arrangement of the inverted beard net can effectively avoid fish migratory.
Preferably, the adjacent inverted-splayed contraction turning points of the trapping water channel are arranged at intervals on two sides.
Preferably, three movable fish collecting net sheets are arranged in the fish collecting pond, wherein two movable fish collecting net sheets are arranged in parallel and are used for connecting the outlet of the induced collecting water channel with the downstream end of the water inlet channel and separating the fish collecting pond after target fishes enter the fish collecting pond; the other sheet is used for sealing the downstream end of the water inlet channel when target fishes are induced and collected.
Preferably, the specification of the liftable fish collecting pond is matched with that of the fish collecting pond, the periphery of the liftable fish collecting pond is provided with a fixed support, the upper edge of the pond wall is provided with a movable escape-proof net piece, and one side of the pond wall is provided with a release window. Through the design of the liftable fish collecting pond, the target fishes can be transported without leaving water, and the survival rate of the fish migration is improved.
Preferably, the inducing and collecting water channel and the fish collecting pool bottom are paved with sand and stones to simulate a natural river channel. Can reduce fish stress reaction caused by environmental change.
Preferably, the water inlet channel is L-shaped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention integrates the trapping effects of water flow, the fixed fish collecting device and bait, traps and collects target fishes to the fish collecting pool actively, obviously improves the trapping effect of the target fishes, applies the fixed fish collecting device, adopts the piles to fix the fish collecting device on the river channel, has small net deformation, can greatly reduce the organism damage of the target fishes caused by the extrusion of the net, and further effectively improves the efficiency of auxiliary migration and the survival rate of the fishes.
2. The invention lays sand and stones in the induced water channel and the fish collecting pond, simulates the bottom of a natural river channel, and reduces the fish stress reaction caused by environmental change.
3. According to the invention, the fish collecting pond can be lifted, the target fishes can be transported without leaving water, and the survival rate of fish migration is improved.
4. The induction net walls corresponding to two banks are designed to form an inverted splayed shape, the middle is overlapped but not connected, so that upstream fish and other organisms can be dredged to flow downwards, the trapping range can be expanded, and the trapping effect is improved.
5. In the device for assisting the fishes to track and migrate, the water inlet channel and the induced water channel are of a river bank fixed structure, the water collecting pond is slightly impacted by water flow, and the induced net wall is obliquely arranged relative to the water flow of the river channel, so that the phenomenon that the induced net wall is impacted by larger water flow when the induced net wall is vertically arranged is avoided. In a word, the structural design of the whole device effectively reduces water flow impact, and is stable and not easy to deform.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic layout view of the device for assisting fish migration to a river according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the device for assisting fish migration to a river according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the liftable fish collecting pond.
Reference numerals
The fish gathering device comprises a river channel 1, an inlet canal 2, a fish gathering pond 3, a trapping water channel 4, an induction net wall 5, a fish gathering net piece 6, a reversed beard net 7, a fixing support 8, an escape-proof net piece 9 and a release window 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows the device for assisting fish migration to the river according to the present invention, which can be arranged on both sides of the river 1 in multiple ways, as shown in fig. 1, and is influenced by space, and only two opposite sides are shown in the figure. The device includes: the fish-catching system comprises a water inlet ditch 2, a fish-catching pond 3, a trapping water channel 4 and an inducing net wall 5.
Wherein the inducing net wall 5 extends from the bank to the river center; the included angle between the induction net wall 5 and the river water flow direction is less than 60 degrees, and preferably 30-60 degrees. Preferably, the end of the inducing net wall 5 is bent inward in a barb shape. The inducing net walls 5 corresponding to the two banks form an inverted splayed shape, and the middle is overlapped but not connected.
The inducing and collecting water channel 4 extends to the river bank along the opposite direction of the inducing net wall 5, the upstream side of the inlet of the inducing and collecting water channel 4 is connected with the inducing net wall 5, and the inducing and collecting water channel 4 gradually shrinks from the inlet to the outlet and is in a plurality of inverted-splayed shapes (3 inverted-splayed shapes are shown in the figure) connected end to end; the adjacent inverted splayed contraction turning positions of the trapping water channel 4 are arranged at intervals on two sides, and inverted beard nets 7 are arranged at the contraction turning positions.
The fish collecting pond 3 is connected with the outlet of the induced water collecting channel 4; the water inlet channel 2 is L-shaped, the downstream end of the water inlet channel 2 is connected with the fish collecting pond 3 and is opposite to the outlet of the induced water collecting channel 4, the upstream end of the water inlet channel 2 is connected with the river channel 1, and the flow speed and the flow of the water inlet channel 2 can be considered to be controlled. Three movable fish collecting net sheets 6 are arranged in the fish collecting pond 3, wherein the outlet of the induced water collecting channel 4 is connected with the downstream end of the water inlet channel 2 in parallel arrangement, the fish collecting pond 3 is separated, and the downstream end of the water inlet channel 2 is sealed by the other fish collecting net sheet.
Preferably, the bottom of the trapping water channel 4 and the fish collecting pond 3 is paved with sand and stones to simulate a natural river channel.
Preferably, a liftable fish collecting pond is nested in the fish collecting pond 3. The specification of the lifting fish collecting pond is matched with that of the fish collecting pond 3, and as shown in figure 3, the fixing supports 8 are arranged on the periphery of the lifting fish collecting pond to facilitate transportation. The upper edge of the pool wall is provided with a movable escape-proof net piece 9 for preventing the trapped fishes from escaping when being lifted. One side of the pool wall is provided with a release window 10, which is convenient for releasing and transporting fishes.
The invention discloses a method for assisting fishes to trace the river migration, which comprises the following steps:
(a) laying multiple devices for assisting fishes to trace the river and migrate on two banks of the river channel 1 according to the description above;
(b) bait is placed in the fish collecting pond 3, the water inflow of the water inlet channel 2 is controlled, and target fishes are induced to migrate into the liftable fish collecting pond;
(c) after the target fishes enter the liftable fish collecting pond, the target fishes are lifted and transported to a target water area together with the fish belt water.
After the device for assisting the fishes to migrate to the river is arranged, river water flow can enter from the water inlet channel 2, then sequentially flows through the fish collecting pond 3 and the trapping channel 4, and flows back to the river 1, and the flow speed and the flow of the water flow can be manually controlled according to trapping objects. The fishes are backtracked and can enter the fish collecting pond 3 through the induced collecting water channel 4 under the guidance of the induced net wall 5. Bait can be placed in the fish collecting pond 3, two fish collecting net sheets 6 in the middle are taken away, the downstream end of the water inlet channel 2 is sealed by the other fish collecting net sheet 6, and therefore target fishes can be quickly trapped and enter the fish collecting pond 3. After the target fishes enter, the fish collecting net piece 6 is put down to prevent the fishes from going out, then the liftable fish collecting pond is lifted to a matched living body transport vehicle, the fishes are transported to a destination together with the water in the fish zone, then the liftable fish collecting pond is slowly put into the target water area, after the fishes are submerged, the release window 10 is opened, the fishes are released and transported, the fishes are not transported away from the water, and the auxiliary migration is completed.
The invention can integrate the trapping effects of water flow, a fixed fish collecting device and bait, trap and collect target fishes to the fish collecting pool actively, obviously improve the trapping effect of the target fishes, and the fish collecting device adopts the piles fixed on the river channel, so that the net deformation is small, the body damage of the target fishes caused by the extrusion of the net can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency of auxiliary migration and the survival rate of the fishes can be further improved effectively. In addition, in the device for assisting the fishes to move back and forth, the water inlet channel 2 and the induced water channel 4 are of a river bank fixed structure, the water collecting pool 3 is slightly impacted by water flow, and the induced net wall 5 is arranged obliquely relative to the water flow of the river channel, so that the phenomenon of larger water flow impact when the induced net wall is vertically arranged is avoided. In a word, the structural design of the whole device effectively reduces water flow impact, and is stable and not easy to deform.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for assisting fish migration to a river is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) arrange the device of supplementary fish migration of tracing to the river in river course (1), the device includes:
the induction net wall (5) extends from the bank to the river center;
the inducing and collecting water channel (4) extends to a river bank along the opposite direction of the inducing net wall (5), the upstream side of the inlet of the inducing and collecting water channel (4) is connected with the inducing net wall (5), and the inducing and collecting water channel (4) gradually shrinks from the inlet to the outlet and is in a plurality of inverted-splayed shapes connected end to end;
the fish collecting pond (3) is connected to the outlet of the induced water channel (4), and a lifting fish collecting pond is arranged in the fish collecting pond; and
the downstream end of the water inlet channel (2) is connected to the fish collecting pond (3) and is opposite to the outlet of the induced water collecting channel (4), and the upstream end of the water inlet channel is connected to the river channel (1);
(b) bait is placed in the fish collecting pond (3), inflow water flow of the water inlet channel (2) is controlled, and target fishes are induced to migrate into the liftable fish collecting pond;
(c) and after the target fishes enter the liftable fish collecting pond, lifting and transporting the target fishes together with the fish belt water to a target water area.
2. The method for assisting fish migration in tracing a river as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means for assisting fish migration in tracing a river are arranged along two banks of the river (1) in multiple ways, and the inducing net walls (5) corresponding to the two banks are formed into an inverted splayed shape, and are overlapped but not connected in the middle.
3. The method for assisting fish migration tracing according to claim 1, wherein the ends of the inducing net wall (5) are bent inward in a barb shape.
4. The method for assisting fish migration to a river as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the inducing net wall (5) and the water flow direction of the river is 30-60 degrees.
5. The method for assisting fish migration along a river as claimed in claim 1, wherein inverted whiskers (7) are arranged at the adjacent contraction turning points of the inverted splay in the trapping water channel (4).
6. The method for assisting fish migration tracing according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent inverted splayed contraction turning points of the trapping water channel (4) are arranged at intervals at two sides.
7. The method for assisting fish migration along a river as claimed in claim 1, wherein three movable fish-collecting net sheets (6) are provided in the fish-collecting tank (3), two of which are disposed in parallel, for connecting the outlet of the luring water channel (4) and the downstream end of the water inlet channel (2) and separating the fish-collecting tank (3) after the target fish enters the fish-collecting tank (3); the other piece is used for sealing the downstream end of the water inlet channel (2) when the target fishes are induced and collected.
8. The method for assisting fish migration to trace a river as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specification of the liftable fish collecting pond is matched with that of the fish collecting pond (3), the periphery of the liftable fish collecting pond is provided with a fixed support (8), the upper edge of the pond wall is provided with a movable escape-proof net (9), and one side of the pond wall is provided with a release window (10).
9. The method for assisting fish migration tracing according to claim 1, wherein the induced water channel (4) and the fish collection pond (3) are laid with sand and stone at the bottom to simulate a natural river.
10. The method for assisting fish migration tracing according to claim 1, wherein said water inlet channel is L-shaped.
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CN201811201549.1A CN109548709B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Method for assisting fishes in migration and tracing |
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CN110241793B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-04-27 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Trapping method for river migratory fishes |
CN110468808B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish gathering station for river migration fishes |
CN110313448A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | A kind of two-way set net for distinguishing fish swimming direction |
CN112267415A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-26 | 杭州王之新创信息技术研究有限公司 | Filtering water channel and river channel cleaning system beneficial to protection of wild fishes |
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CN2043826U (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1989-09-06 | 辽宁省大伙房水库管理局水产养殖场 | Fishnet for deep water traps |
CN2259754Y (en) * | 1996-09-08 | 1997-08-20 | 蔡惠荣 | Fixed net with traps for trapping fish at lower parts of water |
US5947640A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-09-07 | Connors; James P | Portable water conveyance assembly |
CN104294803A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-21 | 四川大学 | Winding type fishway |
CN206052662U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-29 | 三峡大学 | The device of attracting effect is imported and exported for strengthening fish pass |
CN207484430U (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-06-12 | 广西交通科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of induction type crosses fish system |
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