CN109548158B - High-frequency band wave beam management method and wireless communication system - Google Patents
High-frequency band wave beam management method and wireless communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548158B CN109548158B CN201910019670.0A CN201910019670A CN109548158B CN 109548158 B CN109548158 B CN 109548158B CN 201910019670 A CN201910019670 A CN 201910019670A CN 109548158 B CN109548158 B CN 109548158B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
In the high-frequency band beam management method and the wireless communication system provided by the invention, the high-frequency base station gNB communicates with the user terminal through a high-frequency beam pair; the high-frequency base station gNB utilizes the low-frequency band wireless link to transmit the beam control information with the user terminal; according to the beam control information, the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal is controlled and managed, even when the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal breaks down, the transmission of the beam control information between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal can still be realized, so that the high-frequency band beam management effect is improved, the problem that the beam management effect of the existing beam management scheme is poor is solved, the response speed and the reliability of beam management are improved, and the beam management performance is optimal through inter-station cooperation while the system overhead is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of broadband wireless communication, in particular to a high-frequency-band beam management method and a wireless communication system.
Background
With the continuous abundance of mobile applications, people have an increasing demand for wireless communication bandwidth. At present, the frequency band below 3G is difficult to be allocated to a continuous large bandwidth to improve the peak rate of a user, and the millimeter wave frequency band is relatively easy to be allocated and is easy to obtain the continuous large bandwidth. However, millimeter wave transmission has high loss and is greatly influenced by the environment, and in order to support non-line-of-sight transmission and mobility, accurate and real-time beam tracking must be supported to ensure the signal transmission quality.
In the existing beam management scheme, in a scene of millimeter wave frequency band independent networking based on downlink measurement, for an initial beam establishment stage, after beam determination is finished, a User Equipment (UE) needs to wait for a scheduling access transmission opportunity of a high-frequency base station gNB in a best direction just determined, so as to perform random access, and implicitly notify the gNB of an optimal beam alignment direction. Wherein the gNB is capable of scheduling one or more access opportunities within a Synchronization signal block SSB (Synchronization signaling block), each access opportunity corresponding to a set of < time, frequency offset, direction >, such that the UE knows when to send an access preamble. For the millimeter wave using analog beamforming, the high frequency base station gNB is required to perform one additional complete beam scanning, which will increase the time delay for the UE to access the network. In the beam tracking stage, the UE still relies on the uplink millimeter wave link to report the beam measurement result, and when the beam failure or even the wireless link failure occurs in the UE, the beam measurement result cannot be reported, and the service carried by the millimeter wave link is also unavailable. Therefore, the existing beam management scheme has poor beam management effect.
Therefore, there is a need for a practical and effective high-band beam management scheme to improve the high-band beam management effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high-band beam management method and a wireless communication system, so as to solve the problem of poor beam management effect of the existing beam management scheme and improve the beam management effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a high-frequency band beam management method is applied to a high-frequency base station gNB, and the high-frequency base station gNB communicates with a user terminal through a high-frequency beam pair; the method comprises the following steps:
transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using a low-frequency-band wireless link;
and controlling and managing the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control information.
Preferably, the high-frequency base station gNB is connected with an LTE base station eNB; a low-frequency band LTE link is arranged between the LTE base station eNB and the user terminal; the transmitting the beam control information with the user equipment by using the low-frequency band wireless link comprises:
and transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using the LTE base station eNB and the low-frequency LTE link.
Preferably, the transmitting, by using the LTE base station eNB and the low frequency band LTE link, the beam control information with the user terminal includes:
acquiring first beam measurement information sent by the user terminal through the low-frequency band LTE link by using the LTE base station eNB;
acquiring the first beam measurement information forwarded to the high-frequency base station gNB by the LTE base station eNB;
the first beam measurement information is high-frequency beam measurement information obtained by the user terminal based on downlink measurement.
Preferably, the transmitting, by using the LTE base station eNB and the low frequency band LTE link, the beam control information with the user terminal includes:
transmitting second beam measurement information to the LTE base station eNB;
determining a beam control instruction according to the second beam measurement information by using the LTE base station eNB;
sending the beam control instruction to the user terminal through the low-frequency band LTE link by using the LTE base station eNB;
the second beam measurement information is beam measurement information obtained by the high-frequency base station gNB based on sounding reference signal SRS uplink measurement.
Preferably, the high-band NR and the low-band NR of the high-band base station gNB are aggregated, and an NR low-frequency link is provided between the high-band base station gNB and the user terminal; the transmitting the beam control information with the user equipment by using the low-frequency band wireless link comprises:
and transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using the NR low-frequency link.
Preferably, the transmitting, by using the NR low frequency link, the beam steering information with the ue includes:
acquiring first beam measurement information sent by the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link from the NR low-frequency link;
the first beam measurement information is high-frequency beam measurement information obtained by the user terminal based on downlink measurement.
Preferably, the transmitting, with the user terminal, beam control information using the NR low frequency link includes:
and transmitting a beam control instruction to the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and when the high-frequency beam pair fails, switching the service data transmitted by the high-frequency beam pair to the low-frequency-band wireless link for transmission.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
obtaining a beam measurement report result, spatial distribution of the user terminal and a preset beam optimization strategy;
and adjusting the beam width of the high-frequency base station gNB according to the beam measurement report result, the spatial distribution of the user terminal and the preset beam optimization strategy and according to a preset beam codebook.
A wireless communication system, the system comprising: a high frequency base station gNB and a user terminal;
the high-frequency base station gNB is configured to control and manage the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal by using the high-frequency band beam management method.
It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, in the high-band beam management method and the wireless communication system provided by the present invention, the high-frequency base station gNB performs transmission of beam control information with the user terminal by using the low-frequency band wireless link, so that the high-frequency base station gNB can timely know the state of the high-frequency beam pair and timely control and manage the high-frequency beam, and even when the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal fails, transmission of beam control information can still be achieved between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal, thereby improving the high-frequency band beam management effect, solving the problem of poor beam management effect of the existing beam management scheme, improving the response speed and reliability of beam management, and optimizing the beam management performance through inter-station cooperation while reducing system overhead.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a high-band beam management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a high-band beam management method for performing downlink measurement based on LTE connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic data interaction diagram of a high-band beam management scheme based on an LTE connection and employing downlink measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a high-band beam management method for using uplink measurement based on LTE connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic data interaction diagram of a high-band beam management scheme based on an LTE connection and employing uplink measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a high-band beam management method based on NR low-frequency link using downlink measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic data interaction of a high-band beam management scheme based on an NR low-frequency link and employing downlink measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a high-band beam management method using uplink measurement based on an NR low-frequency link according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a high-band beam optimization process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an exemplary diagram of high band beam optimization provided by embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In a conventional wireless communication spectrum, a frequency band of 30GHz to 300GHz is defined as a millimeter wave frequency band, and a corresponding wavelength is 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters. In real applications, the 6 GHz-30 GHz band is also often classified as the millimeter wave band.
Millimeter wave transmission has high loss and is greatly influenced by the environment, and in order to support non-line-of-sight transmission and mobility, accurate and real-time beam tracking must be supported to ensure the quality of signal transmission. The beam management process mainly includes initial beam search, beam dynamic adjustment, beam tracking, and the like. The best signal path and beam are determined by adopting an intelligent closed-loop algorithm, and the best beam can be selected in real time along with the movement of the terminal or the change of the environment, so that the communication quality between the base station and the terminal is ensured. The millimeter wave channel changes very quickly and the system needs to measure the changes quickly and respond.
A 5G high frequency base station gNB (e.g., a millimeter wave band base station) typically supports analog-to-digital hybrid beamforming. In the usage scenario of analog beamforming, a beam can only transmit in one direction at the same time, and a receiving end can only receive a beam in one direction at the same time. Under this constraint, the task of beam management is to establish and maintain a proper set of beam pairs (i.e., the beam direction of the transmitting end and the beam direction of the corresponding receiving end) to provide a good data transceiving path.
Aiming at the problems of beam management in the independent networking of the millimeter wave frequency band, the invention combines the low-frequency band wireless link with the networking to manage the high-frequency band beam between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a high-band beam management method according to an embodiment of the invention.
The high-band beam management method of this embodiment is applied to a high-frequency base station gNB, and the high-frequency base station gNB communicates with a user terminal through a high-frequency beam pair. The high frequency base station gNB is a 5G base station gNB (gnnodeb).
As shown in fig. 1, the high-band beam management method of the present embodiment may include:
s110: transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using a low-frequency wireless link;
the high frequency millimeter wave band is usually used for hot spot coverage, and the relatively lower band is used for continuous coverage. For example, a millimeter wave technology based on 5G NR (New Radio,5G air interface technology) may be used for indoor coverage, and an LTE (Long term evolution) network or a low-frequency band of 5G NR may be used for continuous coverage. The user can set whether the low-frequency band wireless link is needed to assist in high-frequency band beam management according to specific configuration, and if so, the user can further configure the low-frequency band wireless link adopting any technology to assist in high-frequency beam management.
Specifically, a strategy of high-frequency band and low-frequency band collocation networking can be configured according to a coverage scene. The strategy of high-frequency and low-frequency band collocation networking can comprise:
strategy one: the low frequency band LTE is connected with the millimeter wave frequency band NR in a double mode.
In the first strategy, a high-frequency base station gNB is connected with an LTE base station eNB, and a low-frequency LTE link is arranged between the LTE base station eNB and a user terminal.
Correspondingly, step S110 may specifically include: and transmitting the beam control information with the user terminal by using the LTE base station eNB and the low-frequency band LTE link.
And (2) strategy two: low-frequency range NR and millimeter wave frequency range NR carrier aggregation
In the second strategy, the high-band NR and low-band NR carriers of the high-band base station gNB are aggregated, and an NR low-frequency link is provided between the high-band base station gNB and the user terminal.
Correspondingly, step S110 may specifically include: and transmitting the beam control information with the user terminal by using the NR low-frequency link.
The reliable low-frequency band wireless link is used for transmitting the beam control information required by beam management, particularly the beam control information in the uplink direction, so that the base station can quickly respond and correspondingly process, and the reliability of the transmission process of the beam control information can be improved.
The beam control information refers to information related to beam control, such as beam measurement information, beam determination results, beam control commands, and the like.
According to the configured high-frequency band and low-frequency band collocation networking strategy, a specific beam management strategy can be further configured, which will be specifically described in the following embodiments.
S120: and controlling and managing the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control information.
In other examples, the high band beam management method may include: when a high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal fails, the service data transmitted through the high-frequency beam pair is switched to the low-frequency-band wireless link for transmission, so that the continuity of the service can be ensured.
In the high-band beam management method provided by this embodiment, the high-frequency base station gNB performs transmission of beam control information with the user terminal by using the low-frequency band wireless link, so that the high-frequency base station gNB can know the state of the high-frequency beam pair in time and perform control management on the high-frequency beam in time, even when the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal fails, transmission of the beam control information still can be achieved between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal, thereby improving the high-frequency band beam management effect, solving the problem of poor beam management effect of the existing beam management scheme, improving the response speed and reliability of beam management, and optimizing the beam management performance through inter-station cooperation while reducing system overhead.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a high band beam management method for performing downlink measurement based on LTE connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The high-band beam management method of the embodiment adopts a dual-connection strategy of the low-band LTE and the millimeter wave band NR, and is implemented based on a downlink measurement mode. The high-frequency base station gNB is connected with the LTE base station eNB; and a low-frequency band LTE link is arranged between the LTE base station eNB and the user terminal.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for managing high-band beams according to this embodiment is applied to a high-band base station gNB, and the method may include:
s210: and acquiring first beam measurement information sent by the user terminal through the low-frequency band LTE link by using the LTE base station eNB.
The first beam measurement information is high-frequency beam measurement information obtained by the user terminal based on downlink measurement.
In an example, the first beam measurement Information may specifically be high-frequency beam measurement Information obtained by downlink measurement of the user terminal based on a CSI-RI (Channel State Information Reference Signal).
S220: and acquiring first beam measurement information forwarded to a high-frequency base station gNB by an LTE base station eNB.
After obtaining the first beam measurement information, the user terminal sends the first beam measurement information to the LTE base station eNB through the low-frequency band LTE link, and the LTE base station eNB may forward the first beam measurement information to the high-frequency base station gNB through the X2 interface.
S230: and controlling and managing the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the first beam measurement information.
In an example, as shown in fig. 3, after beam scanning and measurement, a UE (user terminal) determines a best beam to obtain a beam determination result, and feeds the beam determination result back to the high frequency base station gNB through a low frequency band LTE link, where a process of transparently transmitting the beam determination result from the LTE base station eNB to the high frequency base station gNB through an X2 interface is omitted in fig. 3, and SS Burst is a synchronization signal Burst.
After receiving the beam decision result, the high frequency enb may schedule a directional RACH (random access Channel) resource for a user to access quickly according to the received beam decision result, without waiting for the high frequency enb to perform additional beam scanning to perform a beam report or perform an IA (initial access) procedure, thereby improving Channel access efficiency.
The UE can utilize the low-frequency LTE link to report the wireless link and/or beam faults in time, the LTE base station eNB receives the report and sends the report to the high-frequency base station gNB through the X2 interface, the high-frequency base station gNB and the LTE base station eNB are coordinated, the UE recovers the high-frequency millimeter wave link and simultaneously uses the low-frequency LTE link to transmit services, and service interruption can be effectively avoided.
The high-frequency band beam management method provided by this embodiment adopts a strategy of dual connection between a low-frequency band LTE and a millimeter wave band NR, and is implemented based on a downlink measurement mode, where the high-frequency base station gNB acquires, by using an LTE base station eNB, first beam measurement information sent by a user terminal through a low-frequency band LTE link, acquires the first beam measurement information from the LTE base station eNB, and finally directly controls and manages a high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the first beam measurement information, without waiting for the high-frequency base station gNB to perform additional beam scanning, thereby improving response speed and reliability of beam management.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a high band beam management method based on LTE connection and using uplink measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the high-band beam management method of the embodiment, a low-band LTE and millimeter wave band NR dual-connection strategy is also adopted, and a high-band base station gNB is connected with an LTE base station eNB; the LTE base station eNB and the user terminal have a low frequency band LTE link therebetween, but unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment is implemented based on an uplink measurement method.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for managing high-band beams according to this embodiment is applied to a high-band base station gNB, and the method may include:
s410: and transmitting the second beam measurement information to the LTE base station eNB.
The second beam measurement information is beam measurement information obtained by the high-frequency base station gNB based on SRS (Sounding reference signal) uplink measurement.
S420: and determining a beam control instruction according to the second beam measurement information by using the LTE base station eNB.
S430: and sending a beam control instruction to the user terminal through the low-frequency band LTE link by using the LTE base station eNB.
S440: and acquiring a beam control instruction fed back to the high-frequency base station gNB by the LTE base station eNB.
S450: and controlling and managing the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control instruction.
In an example, a coordinator with centralized coordination functionality is included within the LTE base station eNB, and determines the best beam based on reports (e.g., second beam measurement information) sent by all high frequency base stations gNB. As shown in fig. 5, in this example, an uplink SRS measurement based mode is adopted, channel reciprocity is used, and it is not necessary for the UE to report beam measurement information, and the specific process may include:
beam scanning and measurement: each UE scans and reports the SRS in the millimeter wave frequency band in a directive manner, and the reporting direction is different every time, so that the angular space can be continuously scanned. Each candidate service gNB scans all angle directions similarly, monitors the signal intensity of the received SRS, and constructs a measurement report table based on the channel quality of each receiving direction so as to dynamically acquire a channel;
and (3) beam judgment: once each gNB has constructed a measurement report table for each UE, this measurement report table is reported to the LTE base station eNB. Stored in each measurement report table is the SIGNAL quality, e.g., SNR (SIGNAL-to-noise ratio), of a gNB between the gNB and a UE in each reception direction. Based on the signal quality of the gNB-UE in each angular direction, the eNB gains knowledge of all directions of its controlling cell and is therefore able to match transmit and receive beams to provide the best performance.
And (3) beam reporting: the coordinator informs the UEs of the beam pair that achieves the best performance over the LTE connection and informs the designated gbb of the best performance beam pair per UE over the backhaul wired link (X2 interface).
The high-band beam management method provided by this embodiment adopts a strategy of dual connection between a low-band LTE link and a millimeter wave band NR, and is implemented based on an uplink measurement mode, where a high-band base station gNB sends second beam measurement information to an LTE base station eNB, the LTE base station eNB is used to determine a beam control instruction according to the second beam measurement information, the LTE base station eNB is used to send a beam control instruction to a user terminal through a low-band LTE link, and obtain a beam control instruction fed back from the LTE base station eNB, and control and manage a high-band beam pair between the high-band base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control instruction, so that the LTE base station eNB and the low-band LTE link are used to improve beam management efficiency and effect.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a high band beam management method based on NR low frequency link downlink measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The high-band beam management method of this embodiment adopts a low-band NR and millimeter-wave band NR carrier aggregation strategy, and is implemented based on a downlink measurement mode. The high-frequency segment NR of the high-frequency base station gNB is aggregated with the low-frequency segment NR carrier wave, and an NR low-frequency link is arranged between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal. At this time, the high frequency base station gNB may support high and low frequency bands simultaneously, and the coverage area of the high frequency cell is located in the low frequency cell.
If the result of aggregation is that the user terminal can use the uplink and downlink of the low frequency band, the specific strategy is similar to the strategy of dual connection of the low frequency band LTE and the millimeter wave frequency band NR, and both the downlink measurement framework and the uplink measurement framework are applicable, but at this time, the beam control information does not need to be transmitted through an X2 interface, and the high frequency base station gNB can process the information in a unified manner.
If the aggregation result is that the ue can only use the low frequency UpLink, for example, in a scenario where the UpLink coverage of the high frequency cell is improved by using the SUL (supplemental UpLink) technology, a beam management measurement framework based on downlink measurement feedback needs to be configured and used.
As shown in fig. 6, the method for managing high-band beams according to this embodiment is applied to a high-band base station gNB, and the method may include:
s610: and acquiring first beam measurement information sent by the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link from the NR low-frequency link.
The first beam measurement information is high-frequency beam measurement information obtained by the user terminal based on downlink measurement.
S620: and controlling and managing the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the first beam measurement information.
When the 5G SUL technology is adopted, the beam control information is carried on the low-frequency uplink of the 5G NR, so that the reliability of the system can be ensured, and the high-frequency base station gNB controls the direction and the width of the beam according to the feedback result, so that a user can access the system quickly or optimize the beam.
In an example, a data interaction procedure between the high frequency base station gNB and the user terminal can be as shown in fig. 7. After the UE determines the best beam, it uses the NR low frequency link to transmit feedback information (such as the first beam measurement information) to the high frequency base station gNB, and the high frequency base station gNB schedules the millimeter wave link directional RACH resource according to the feedback information.
By configuring the high-frequency base station gNB, high-frequency link control signaling (e.g., uplink UCI control information such as ACK/NACK, PMI, CQI, etc.) can be transmitted through a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) of the NR low-frequency link, and a beam measurement report can be transmitted on the NR low-frequency link; and the high-frequency base station gNB controls the beam of the high-frequency link to be quickly aligned to the required UE according to the beam measurement information of the high-frequency link obtained from the NR low-frequency link, so that the corresponding UE can be quickly accessed or recovered.
When the beam fault of the high-frequency link is found, the high-frequency service link between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal UE is switched to the NR low-frequency link, so as to avoid service interruption.
The high-frequency band beam management method provided by this embodiment adopts a strategy of low-frequency band NR and millimeter wave band NR carrier aggregation, and is implemented based on a downlink measurement mode, and acquires first beam measurement information sent by a user terminal through an NR low-frequency link from the NR low-frequency link, and controls and manages a high-frequency beam pair between a high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the first beam measurement information, thereby improving response speed and reliability of beam management, and improving a beam management effect.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a flowchart of a high band beam management method using uplink measurement based on NR low frequency link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The high-band beam management method of this embodiment also adopts a strategy of carrier aggregation of low-band NR and millimeter-wave band NR, where the high-band NR and low-band NR of the high-frequency base station gNB are carrier aggregated, and an NR low-frequency link is provided between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal.
As shown in fig. 8, the method for managing high-band beams according to this embodiment is applied to a high-band base station gNB, and the method may include:
s810: and transmitting the beam control instruction to the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link.
Wherein the beam control command is determined by the high-frequency base station gNB according to the second beam measurement information; the second beam measurement information is beam measurement information obtained by the high-frequency base station gNB based on SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) uplink measurement.
S820: and controlling and managing the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control instruction.
And the high-frequency base station gNB makes a decision based on the beam measurement information obtained by the SRS uplink measurement to generate a corresponding beam control instruction, then sends the beam control instruction to the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link, and controls and manages the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control instruction.
The high-frequency band beam management method provided by this embodiment adopts a strategy of low-frequency band NR and millimeter wave band NR carrier aggregation, and is implemented based on an uplink measurement mode, and sends a beam control instruction to the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link, and controls and manages a high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control instruction, thereby improving response speed and reliability of beam management, and improving a beam management effect.
After the initial beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal is established, the beam optimization process can be carried out so as to improve the signal coverage, the channel capacity, the data transmission delay and the like.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a high-band beam optimization process according to an embodiment of the invention.
The beam width requirements of different application scenarios are different. When the number of beams simultaneously transmitted by the high-frequency base station gNB is limited and cannot cover the whole cell at one time, the whole cell needs to be covered by means of beam scanning, and the time taken for covering the whole cell is about long when the beam is narrower. In other cases, the narrower the beam, the better the beam directivity, the more concentrated the energy, the greater the shaping gain, and the greater the coverage distance. Under the constraint that the number of beams simultaneously transmitted by a base station is limited (such as the scenario of transmitting SSB), the invention adopts the heterogeneous beam codebook design which can change the beam width to increase the scheduling flexibility.
As shown in fig. 9, the high-band beam optimization process provided in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a high-band base station gNB, and the process may include:
s910: and obtaining a beam measurement report result, the spatial distribution of the user terminal and a preset beam optimization strategy.
The beam measurement report result specifically includes beam measurement information reported to the high-frequency base station gNB by the user terminal.
S920: and adjusting the beam width of the high-frequency base station gNB according to the beam measurement report result, the spatial distribution of the user terminal and a preset beam optimization strategy and according to a preset beam codebook.
In practical application, before obtaining a beam measurement report result, spatial distribution of a user terminal, and a preset beam optimization strategy, parameters related to beam management may be configured according to a usage scenario, where the parameters related to beam management may include: the beam optimization switch, the control channel and the traffic channel codebook and the corresponding beam widths, the SSB beam sweep widths, and the like.
The configuration of parameters is context specific, for example: to ensure coverage, the SSB beam sweep width should be as narrow as possible while meeting other requirements.
Then, after the user terminal accesses and establishes a beam pair, a base station (e.g. a 5G high frequency base station gNB) may periodically optimize a service beam according to a beam measurement report result, spatial distribution of the user, and a preset beam optimization strategy, for example: for the users distributed in the adjacent scanning beam, if the users can still meet the QoS (Quality of Service) after the evaluation of increasing the beam width, the next scanning can be tried to be carried out by using a wider beam (wide beam codebook);
when the resources of the ues distributed in a certain beam coverage are insufficient to satisfy their QoS requirements, if the QoS requirements (including the delay requirements) can be satisfied after the evaluation of the reduced beam width, the next scan can be attempted with a narrower beam (narrow beam codebook).
Finally, the base station periodically measures performance parameters related to beam management, determines the optimization result, and determines whether to retain the optimization, for example: if the performance is degraded after optimization, which indicates that the optimization fails, the result before optimization should be rolled back, otherwise, the result after optimization is retained.
In one example, the codebook consists of 8 15 ° beams, 430 ° beams, and 2 60 ° beams, with a maximum beam width of 120 °. Assuming that the base station can transmit two beams at a time, the positions of three UEs (UE 1, UE2 and UE 3) are as shown in fig. 10. The base station initially searches for the narrowest 15-degree wave beam to ensure the coverage, and after the UE is accessed, the base station determines the number and the spatial angle position of the UE. Then UE1 and UE2 cannot be scheduled simultaneously if still using the 15 ° narrow beam, increasing the delay.
If the beam optimization method is adopted, the base station can select the optimal beam combination according to the beam measurement report result of the UE, one width of the two transmitted beams is reserved to be 15 degrees to cover the UE3, the width of the other beam is adjusted to be 60 degrees to cover the UE1 and the UE2, and therefore three user terminals can be scheduled simultaneously, wherein the UE1 and the UE2 use the same beam.
In fig. 10, x represents a 15 ° beam coverage, i.e., a cell maximum coverage; a represents an attenuation factor of 30 ° beam coverage relative to 15 ° beam coverage, and x/a represents 30 ° beam coverage; b represents the attenuation factor of the 60 ° beam coverage relative to the 15 ° beam coverage, and x/b represents the 60 ° beam coverage.
The variable-width beam can be realized by selecting a preset codebook, and each item of content in the preset codebook corresponds to different beam widths and directions.
In the high-band beam optimization process provided by this embodiment, the base station obtains the beam measurement report result, the spatial distribution of the user terminal, and the preset beam optimization strategy, and adjusts the beam width of the base station according to the preset beam codebook according to the beam measurement report result, the spatial distribution of the user terminal, and the preset beam optimization strategy, and dynamically changes the beam width through the codebook, thereby greatly enhancing the flexibility of user scheduling, and achieving the optimal combination of various indexes such as coverage, delay, throughput, delay, cell capacity, cell load, and the like.
Compared with the high-frequency beam management method provided by the invention, the embodiment of the invention also provides a corresponding wireless communication system.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 11, the wireless communication system provided in this embodiment may include: high frequency bs gNB100 and ue 200.
The high-frequency base station gNB100 is configured to control and manage the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB100 and the user terminal 200 by using the high-frequency band beam management method in the foregoing embodiment, which may specifically refer to the contents in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described here.
In the wireless communication system provided by this embodiment, the high-frequency base station gNB performs transmission of beam control information with the user terminal by using the low-frequency band wireless link, so that the high-frequency base station gNB can timely know the state of the high-frequency beam pair and timely control and manage the high-frequency beam, even when the high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal fails, transmission of the beam control information between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal can still be achieved, thereby improving the high-frequency band beam management effect, solving the problem of poor beam management effect of the existing beam management scheme, improving the response speed and reliability of beam management, and making the beam management performance reach the best through inter-station cooperation while reducing system overhead.
Therefore, when the high-frequency base station gNB uses hybrid beam forming and needs to perform beam scanning, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: (1) initial access delay can be reduced; (2) when the wave beam is in fault, the recovery speed can be accelerated; (3) The auxiliary low-frequency-band wireless link is used for transmitting the beam control information, so that the air interface overhead of the high-frequency-band link can be reduced; (4) The beam width is dynamically changed through the codebook, the flexibility of user scheduling can be greatly enhanced, and the optimal combination of various indexes such as coverage, time delay, throughput, time delay, cell capacity, cell load and the like can be achieved.
Finally, it is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Based on such understanding, all or part of the technical solutions of the present application, which contribute to the background art, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the description should not be taken as limiting the application.
Claims (9)
1. A high-band beam management method is applied to a high-frequency base station gNB, and the high-frequency base station gNB communicates with a user terminal through a high-frequency beam pair; the method comprises the following steps:
transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using a low-frequency-band wireless link;
controlling and managing a high-frequency beam pair between the high-frequency base station gNB and the user terminal according to the beam control information;
when the high-frequency wave beam pair breaks down, the service data transmitted through the high-frequency wave beam pair is switched to the low-frequency wireless link for transmission.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the high frequency base station gNB is connected with an LTE base station eNB; a low-frequency band LTE link is arranged between the LTE base station eNB and the user terminal; the transmitting the beam control information with the user equipment by using the low-frequency band wireless link comprises:
and transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using the LTE base station eNB and the low-frequency LTE link.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmitting of beam control information with the user terminal using the LTE base station eNB and the low band LTE link comprises:
acquiring first beam measurement information sent by the user terminal through the low-frequency band LTE link by using the LTE base station eNB;
acquiring the first beam measurement information forwarded to the high-frequency base station gNB by the LTE base station eNB;
the first beam measurement information is high-frequency beam measurement information obtained by the user terminal based on downlink measurement.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmitting beam control information with the user terminal using the LTE base station eNB and the low band LTE link comprises:
transmitting second beam measurement information to the LTE base station eNB;
determining a beam control instruction according to the second beam measurement information by using the LTE base station eNB;
sending the beam control instruction to the user terminal through the low-frequency band LTE link by using the LTE base station eNB;
the second beam measurement information is beam measurement information obtained by the high-frequency base station gNB based on sounding reference signal SRS uplink measurement.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein a high band NR and a low band NR carrier aggregation of the high frequency base station gNB, the high frequency base station gNB having an NR low frequency link with the user terminal; the transmitting the beam control information with the user equipment by using the low-frequency band wireless link comprises:
and transmitting beam control information with the user terminal by using the NR low-frequency link.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said utilizing said NR low frequency link for transmission of beam steering information with said user terminal comprises:
acquiring first beam measurement information sent by the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link from the NR low-frequency link;
the first beam measurement information is high-frequency beam measurement information obtained by the user terminal based on downlink measurement.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein said communicating beam steering information with said user terminal using said NR low frequency link comprises:
and transmitting a beam control instruction to the user terminal through the NR low-frequency link.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining a beam measurement report result, spatial distribution of the user terminal and a preset beam optimization strategy;
and adjusting the beam width of the high-frequency base station gNB according to the beam measurement report result, the spatial distribution of the user terminal and the preset beam optimization strategy and according to a preset beam codebook.
9. A wireless communication system, the system comprising: a high frequency base station gNB and a user terminal;
the high-band base station gNB is configured to control and manage a high-band beam pair between the high-band base station gNB and the user terminal by using the high-band beam management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN110677894B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-04-16 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Network access method of communication node in Internet of things |
| CN114285453A (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-05 | 北京九天微星科技发展有限公司 | Wave beam management method in satellite communication system |
| CN115553022A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-12-30 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Multicarrier communication method, apparatus and storage medium |
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| CN114614869B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-05-19 | 电子科技大学 | Near-far field unified and controllable transmitting beam forming method in terahertz communication |
| CN114786192B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-12 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Beam selection method, access network equipment and storage medium |
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