CN109547817B

CN109547817B - Method and device for double-playing video networking video recording in Internet

Info

Publication number: CN109547817B
Application number: CN201811505829.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王军; 沈军; 王洪超; 乔金龙
Original assignee: Visionvera Information Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Visionvera Information Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-10
Filing date: 2018-12-10
Publication date: 2021-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-10
Also published as: CN109547817A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for double-playing video networking video recordings in the Internet, the method and the device are applied to the video network, the Internet terminal accesses the MServer based on the GB/T28181 protocol, the MServer sends a first double-speed playing request aiming at the video recording file of the specified video network to the Internet terminal, converting under the interface created by video recording double-speed playing protocol based on video network to generate second double-speed playing request, then the streaming media server pushes multimedia streaming data corresponding to the specified video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server according to the specified multiple according to a second double-speed playing request, the video network monitoring sharing server pushes the multimedia streaming data to the internet terminal according to the specified multiple, and finally the internet terminal plays the multimedia streaming data according to the specified multiple; the embodiment of the application solves the problem that video in the video network cannot be played in the internet at double speed at present.

Description

Method and device for double-playing video networking video recording in Internet

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of video networking technologies, and in particular, to a method for playing a video recording of a video network in duplicate in the internet and a device for playing a video recording of a video network in duplicate in the internet.

Background

With the rapid development of network technologies, bidirectional communications such as video conferences and video teaching are widely popularized in the aspects of life, work, learning and the like of users.

The video networking is an important milestone for network development, is a higher-level form of the Internet, is a real-time network, can realize the real-time transmission of full-network high-definition videos which cannot be realized by the existing Internet, and pushes a plurality of Internet applications to high-definition video, and high definition faces each other. Finally, world no-distance is realized, and the distance between people in the world is only the distance of one screen.

Video networking technology is currently widely used. In the prior art, video monitoring is performed through monitoring equipment, a plurality of monitoring equipment in the internet are arranged under each cooperative conversion server, and the cooperative conversion server can obtain videos of the monitoring equipment under the cooperative conversion server. However, in the prior art, in the internet environment, it is not feasible to play the video files in the video network at double speed, so the internet cannot control the playing of the video files in the video network at double speed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application are provided to provide a method for double-playing video recording in the internet and a corresponding apparatus for double-playing video recording in the internet, which overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application discloses a method for double-playing video recording in the internet, where the method is applied to a video network, the video network includes a streaming media server, a video network monitoring sharing server and a video network scheduling platform MServer, which are sequentially connected to the streaming media server based on a video network protocol, and an internet terminal respectively connected to the video network monitoring sharing server and the MServer based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol, and the method includes:

the MServer receives a first speed playing request sent by an internet terminal; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing is received, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

the MServer generates a second speed doubling playing request according to the first speed doubling playing request; the second double-speed playing request comprises a video recording double-speed playing protocol based on a video network;

the MServer sends the second double-speed playing request to a video networking monitoring shared server; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for transmitting the second double-speed playing request to a streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data to the Internet terminal at a specified speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

Preferably, the internet terminal comprises a multi-path decoding IE plug-in; the step that the MServer receives a first double-speed playing request sent by the Internet terminal comprises the following steps:

the MServer receives a first speed playing request sent by a multipath decoding IE plugin; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the multi-path decoding IE plug-in when receiving the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing, and comprises a video networking video recording file and an appointed speed-doubling.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

the MServer receives a double-speed playing agreement message transmitted by the video network monitoring sharing server; wherein the multiple-speed playing approval message is generated by the streaming media server when the second multiple-speed playing request is approved;

the MServer feeds back the speed playing agreement message to the Internet terminal; and the internet terminal is used for displaying the speed-doubling playing agreement message.

Preferably, the video network further comprises a video server in communication connection with the streaming media server based on a video network protocol; the step that the streaming media server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at the specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double speed playing request comprises the following steps:

the streaming media server is used for generating a first multimedia stream acquisition instruction corresponding to the video network video recording file when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

the streaming media server is used for receiving multimedia stream data returned by the video recording server aiming at the first multimedia stream acquisition instruction;

the streaming media server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified speed.

Preferably, the video network further comprises a third-party platform which is in communication connection with the streaming media server based on an internet protocol; the step that the streaming media server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at the specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double speed playing request comprises the following steps:

the streaming media server is used for generating a second multimedia stream acquisition instruction corresponding to the video network video recording file when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

the streaming media server is used for receiving multimedia stream data returned by the third-party platform aiming at the second multimedia stream acquisition instruction;

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application discloses another method for playing video recording in internet twice, where the method is applied to a video network, where the video network includes a streaming media server, a video network monitoring sharing server and a video network scheduling platform MServer that are sequentially connected to the streaming media server based on a video network protocol, and an internet terminal that is respectively connected to the video network monitoring sharing server and the MServer based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol, and the method includes:

the video networking monitoring sharing server receives a second double-speed playing request sent by the MServer; the MServer generates a second double-speed playing request according to a first double-speed playing request sent by an Internet terminal and based on a video recording double-speed playing protocol of a video network; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the Internet terminal receives the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

the video networking monitoring sharing server transparently transmits the second double-speed playing request to a streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

the video networking monitoring sharing server pushes the multimedia streaming data to the internet terminal at a specified speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application further discloses a device for playing video recording of video networking in internet, which is characterized in that the device is applied to video networking, the video networking includes a streaming media server, a video networking monitoring sharing server and a video networking scheduling platform MServer, which are sequentially connected based on a video networking protocol by the streaming media server, and an internet terminal which is respectively connected based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol and the video networking monitoring sharing server and the MServer in communication, the MServer includes the following modules:

the first speed-multiplying play request receiving module is used for receiving a first speed-multiplying play request sent by an internet terminal; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing is received, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

a second multiple speed playing request generating module, configured to generate a second multiple speed playing request according to the first multiple speed playing request; the second double-speed playing request comprises a video recording double-speed playing protocol based on a video network;

the second speed doubling playing request sending module is used for sending the second speed doubling playing request to a video networking monitoring sharing server; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for transmitting the second double-speed playing request to a streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data to the Internet terminal at a specified speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application further discloses another apparatus for playing video recording in internet twice, the apparatus is applied to video networking, the video networking includes a streaming media server, a video networking monitoring sharing server and a video networking scheduling platform MServer, which are sequentially connected based on a video networking protocol, and an internet terminal which is respectively connected based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol and the video networking monitoring sharing server and the MServer, the video networking monitoring sharing server includes the following modules:

a second double-speed playing request receiving module, configured to receive a second double-speed playing request sent by the MServer; the MServer generates a second double-speed playing request according to a first double-speed playing request sent by an Internet terminal and based on a video recording double-speed playing protocol of a video network; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the Internet terminal receives the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

the second speed-doubling play request transparent transmission module is used for transmitting the second speed-doubling play request to the streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

the multimedia stream multiple pushing module is used for pushing the multimedia stream data to the internet terminal according to the specified multiple speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

An embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus, including:

one or more processors; and

one or more machine-readable media having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform one or more methods as described in embodiments of the application.

Embodiments of the present application also provide one or more machine-readable media having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform one or more methods as described in embodiments of the present application.

The embodiment of the application has the following advantages:

the method and the device apply the characteristics of the video network, and through message signaling data communication conversion between the Internet terminal, the video network scheduling platform MServer, the video network monitoring sharing server and the streaming media server and protocol conversion of multimedia stream data, the method and the device creatively provide the video network video recording file played in the Internet terminal at double speed, and increase the service scope of intercommunication between the Internet and the video network;

the method and the device have the advantages that the characteristics of the video networking are applied, the video networking monitoring sharing server directly pushes the multimedia stream data to the internet terminal according to the multiple, so that the signaling data such as the message request and the like are separately executed with the multimedia stream data, compared with a mode that the multimedia stream data is forwarded by the MServer and pushed to the internet terminal, the method and the device greatly reduce the occupation of the MServer operating memory, reduce the influence on the operation of the MServer, and improve the processing speed of the MServer on the signaling data or other service function data;

the embodiment of the application applies the characteristics of the video network, establishes the signaling exchange submodule corresponding to the video recording speed-doubled playing service under the Internet/video network conversion service module of the MServer, and performs protocol conversion of signaling data by the signaling exchange submodule, so that each management function of the MServer is more accurate and concise, and the problems of data conversion crosstalk and errors among the signaling exchange submodules of each service are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a networking schematic of a video network of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hardware architecture of a node server according to the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware architecture of an access switch of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an ethernet protocol conversion gateway according to the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system for double-playing video recording in the Internet according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating steps in a method for double-playing video-networking video recordings in the Internet according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating steps in an alternative method for double-playing video-on-Internet video recordings in the Internet according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus for double-playing video recording in the Internet according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a block diagram of another apparatus for double-playing video recording in internet according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the present application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

The video networking is an important milestone for network development, is a real-time network, can realize high-definition video real-time transmission, and pushes a plurality of internet applications to high-definition video, and high-definition faces each other.

The video networking adopts a real-time high-definition video exchange technology, can integrate required services such as dozens of services of video, voice, pictures, characters, communication, data and the like on a system platform on a network platform, such as high-definition video conference, video monitoring, intelligent monitoring analysis, emergency command, digital broadcast television, delayed television, network teaching, live broadcast, VOD on demand, television mail, Personal Video Recorder (PVR), intranet (self-office) channels, intelligent video broadcast control, information distribution and the like, and realizes high-definition quality video broadcast through a television or a computer.

To better understand the embodiments of the present application, the following description refers to the internet of view:

some of the technologies applied in the video networking are as follows:

network Technology (Network Technology)

Network technology innovation in video networking has improved over traditional Ethernet (Ethernet) to face the potentially enormous video traffic on the network. Unlike pure network Packet Switching (Packet Switching) or network Circuit Switching (Circuit Switching), the Packet Switching is adopted by the technology of the video networking to meet the Streaming requirement. The video networking technology has the advantages of flexibility, simplicity and low price of packet switching, and simultaneously has the quality and safety guarantee of circuit switching, thereby realizing the seamless connection of the whole network switching type virtual circuit and the data format.

Switching Technology (Switching Technology)

The video network adopts two advantages of asynchronism and packet switching of the Ethernet, eliminates the defects of the Ethernet on the premise of full compatibility, has end-to-end seamless connection of the whole network, is directly communicated with a user terminal, and directly bears an IP data packet. The user data does not require any format conversion across the entire network. The video networking is a higher-level form of the Ethernet, is a real-time exchange platform, can realize the real-time transmission of the whole-network large-scale high-definition video which cannot be realized by the existing Internet, and pushes a plurality of network video applications to high-definition and unification.

Server Technology (Server Technology)

The server technology on the video networking and unified video platform is different from the traditional server, the streaming media transmission of the video networking and unified video platform is established on the basis of connection orientation, the data processing capacity of the video networking and unified video platform is independent of flow and communication time, and a single network layer can contain signaling and data transmission. For voice and video services, the complexity of video networking and unified video platform streaming media processing is much simpler than that of data processing, and the efficiency is greatly improved by more than one hundred times compared with that of a traditional server.

Storage Technology (Storage Technology)

The super-high speed storage technology of the unified video platform adopts the most advanced real-time operating system in order to adapt to the media content with super-large capacity and super-large flow, the program information in the server instruction is mapped to the specific hard disk space, the media content is not passed through the server any more, and is directly sent to the user terminal instantly, and the general waiting time of the user is less than 0.2 second. The optimized sector distribution greatly reduces the mechanical motion of the magnetic head track seeking of the hard disk, the resource consumption only accounts for 20% of that of the IP internet of the same grade, but concurrent flow which is 3 times larger than that of the traditional hard disk array is generated, and the comprehensive efficiency is improved by more than 10 times.

Network Security Technology (Network Security Technology)

The structural design of the video network completely eliminates the network security problem troubling the internet structurally by the modes of independent service permission control each time, complete isolation of equipment and user data and the like, generally does not need antivirus programs and firewalls, avoids the attack of hackers and viruses, and provides a structural carefree security network for users.

Service Innovation Technology (Service Innovation Technology)

The unified video platform integrates services and transmission, and is not only automatically connected once whether a single user, a private network user or a network aggregate. The user terminal, the set-top box or the PC are directly connected to the unified video platform to obtain various multimedia video services in various forms. The unified video platform adopts a menu type configuration table mode to replace the traditional complex application programming, can realize complex application by using very few codes, and realizes infinite new service innovation.

Networking of the video network is as follows:

the video network is a centralized control network structure, and the network can be a tree network, a star network, a ring network and the like, but on the basis of the centralized control node, the whole network is controlled by the centralized control node in the network.

As shown in fig. 1, the video network is divided into an access network and a metropolitan network.

The devices of the access network part can be mainly classified into 3 types: node server, access switch, terminal (including various set-top boxes, coding boards, memories, etc.). The node server is connected to an access switch, which may be connected to a plurality of terminals and may be connected to an ethernet network.

The node server is a node which plays a centralized control function in the access network and can control the access switch and the terminal. The node server can be directly connected with the access switch or directly connected with the terminal.

Similarly, devices of the metropolitan network portion may also be classified into 3 types: a metropolitan area server, a node switch and a node server. The metro server is connected to a node switch, which may be connected to a plurality of node servers.

The node server is a node server of the access network part, namely the node server belongs to both the access network part and the metropolitan area network part.

The metropolitan area server is a node which plays a centralized control function in the metropolitan area network and can control a node switch and a node server. The metropolitan area server can be directly connected with the node switch or directly connected with the node server.

Therefore, the whole video network is a network structure with layered centralized control, and the network controlled by the node server and the metropolitan area server can be in various structures such as tree, star and ring.

The access network part can form a unified video platform (the part in the dotted circle), and a plurality of unified video platforms can form a video network; each unified video platform may be interconnected via metropolitan area and wide area video networking.

Video networking device classification

1.1 devices in the video network of the embodiment of the present application can be mainly classified into 3 types: servers, switches (including ethernet gateways), terminals (including various set-top boxes, code boards, memories, etc.). The video network as a whole can be divided into a metropolitan area network (or national network, global network, etc.) and an access network.

1.2 wherein the devices of the access network part can be mainly classified into 3 types: node servers, access switches (including ethernet gateways), terminals (including various set-top boxes, code boards, memories, etc.).

The specific hardware structure of each access network device is as follows:

a node server:

as shown in fig. 2, the system mainly includes a network interface module 201, a switching engine module 202, a CPU module 203, and a disk array module 204;

the network interface module 201, the CPU module 203, and the disk array module 204 all enter the switching engine module 202; the switching engine module 202 performs an operation of looking up the address table 205 on the incoming packet, thereby obtaining the direction information of the packet; and stores the packet in a queue of the corresponding packet buffer 206 based on the packet's steering information; if the queue of the packet buffer 206 is nearly full, it is discarded; the switching engine module 202 polls all packet buffer queues for forwarding if the following conditions are met: 1) the port send buffer is not full; 2) the queue packet counter is greater than zero. The disk array module 204 mainly implements control over the hard disk, including initialization, read-write, and other operations on the hard disk; the CPU module 203 is mainly responsible for protocol processing with an access switch and a terminal (not shown in the figure), configuring an address table 205 (including a downlink protocol packet address table, an uplink protocol packet address table, and a data packet address table), and configuring the disk array module 204.

The access switch:

as shown in fig. 3, the network interface module mainly includes a network interface module (a downlink network interface module 301 and an uplink network interface module 302), a switching engine module 303 and a CPU module 304;

wherein, the packet (uplink data) coming from the downlink network interface module 301 enters the packet detection module 305; the packet detection module 305 detects whether the Destination Address (DA), the Source Address (SA), the packet type, and the packet length of the packet meet the requirements, and if so, allocates a corresponding stream identifier (stream-id) and enters the switching engine module 303, otherwise, discards the stream identifier; the packet (downstream data) coming from the upstream network interface module 302 enters the switching engine module 303; the data packet coming from the CPU module 204 enters the switching engine module 303; the switching engine module 303 performs an operation of looking up the address table 306 on the incoming packet, thereby obtaining the direction information of the packet; if the packet entering the switching engine module 303 is from the downstream network interface to the upstream network interface, the packet is stored in the queue of the corresponding packet buffer 307 in association with the stream-id; if the queue of the packet buffer 307 is nearly full, it is discarded; if the packet entering the switching engine module 303 is not from the downlink network interface to the uplink network interface, the data packet is stored in the queue of the corresponding packet buffer 307 according to the guiding information of the packet; if the queue of the packet buffer 307 is nearly full, it is discarded.

The switching engine module 303 polls all packet buffer queues, which in this embodiment is divided into two cases:

if the queue is from the downlink network interface to the uplink network interface, the following conditions are met for forwarding: 1) the port send buffer is not full; 2) the queued packet counter is greater than zero; 3) obtaining a token generated by a code rate control module;

if the queue is not from the downlink network interface to the uplink network interface, the following conditions are met for forwarding: 1) the port send buffer is not full; 2) the queue packet counter is greater than zero.

The rate control module 208 is configured by the CPU module 204, and generates tokens for packet buffer queues from all downstream network interfaces to upstream network interfaces at programmable intervals to control the rate of upstream forwarding.

The CPU module 304 is mainly responsible for protocol processing with the node server, configuration of the address table 306, and configuration of the code rate control module 308.

Ethernet protocol conversion gateway：

As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus mainly includes a network interface module (a downlink network interface module 401 and an uplink network interface module 402), a switching engine module 403, a CPU module 404, a packet detection module 405, a rate control module 408, an address table 406, a packet buffer 407, a MAC adding module 409, and a MAC deleting module 410.

Wherein, the data packet coming from the downlink network interface module 401 enters the packet detection module 405; the packet detection module 405 detects whether the ethernet MAC DA, the ethernet MAC SA, the ethernet length or frame type, the video network destination address DA, the video network source address SA, the video network packet type, and the packet length of the packet meet the requirements, and if so, allocates a corresponding stream identifier (stream-id); then, the MAC deletion module 410 subtracts MAC DA, MAC SA, length or frame type (2byte) and enters the corresponding receiving buffer, otherwise, discards it;

the downlink network interface module 401 detects the sending buffer of the port, and if there is a packet, obtains the ethernet MAC DA of the corresponding terminal according to the destination address DA of the packet, adds the ethernet MAC DA of the terminal, the MAC SA of the ethernet protocol gateway, and the ethernet length or frame type, and sends the packet.

The other modules in the ethernet protocol gateway function similarly to the access switch.

A terminal:

the system mainly comprises a network interface module, a service processing module and a CPU module; for example, the set-top box mainly comprises a network interface module, a video and audio coding and decoding engine module and a CPU module; the coding board mainly comprises a network interface module, a video and audio coding engine module and a CPU module; the memory mainly comprises a network interface module, a CPU module and a disk array module.

1.3 devices of the metropolitan area network part can be mainly classified into 2 types: node server, node exchanger, metropolitan area server. The node switch mainly comprises a network interface module, a switching engine module and a CPU module; the metropolitan area server mainly comprises a network interface module, a switching engine module and a CPU module.

2. Video networking packet definition

2.1 Access network packet definition

The data packet of the access network mainly comprises the following parts: destination Address (DA), Source Address (SA), reserved bytes, payload (pdu), CRC.

As shown in the following table, the data packet of the access network mainly includes the following parts:

DA

SA

Reserved

Payload

CRC

wherein:

the Destination Address (DA) is composed of 8 bytes (byte), the first byte represents the type of the data packet (such as various protocol packets, multicast data packets, unicast data packets, etc.), there are 256 possibilities at most, the second byte to the sixth byte are metropolitan area network addresses, and the seventh byte and the eighth byte are access network addresses;

the Source Address (SA) is also composed of 8 bytes (byte), defined as the same as the Destination Address (DA);

the reserved byte consists of 2 bytes;

the payload part has different lengths according to different types of datagrams, and is 64 bytes if the datagram is various types of protocol packets, and is 32+1024 or 1056 bytes if the datagram is a unicast packet, of course, the length is not limited to the above 2 types;

the CRC consists of 4 bytes and is calculated in accordance with the standard ethernet CRC algorithm.

2.2 metropolitan area network packet definition

The topology of a metropolitan area network is a graph and there may be 2, or even more than 2, connections between two devices, i.e., there may be more than 2 connections between a node switch and a node server, a node switch and a node switch, and a node switch and a node server. However, the metro network address of the metro network device is unique, and in order to accurately describe the connection relationship between the metro network devices, parameters are introduced in the embodiment of the present application: a label to uniquely describe a metropolitan area network device.

In this specification, the definition of the Label is similar to that of the Label of MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switch), and assuming that there are two connections between the device a and the device B, there are 2 labels for the packet from the device a to the device B, and 2 labels for the packet from the device B to the device a. The label is classified into an incoming label and an outgoing label, and assuming that the label (incoming label) of the packet entering the device a is 0x0000, the label (outgoing label) of the packet leaving the device a may become 0x 0001. The network access process of the metro network is a network access process under centralized control, that is, address allocation and label allocation of the metro network are both dominated by the metro server, and the node switch and the node server are both passively executed, which is different from label allocation of MPLS, and label allocation of MPLS is a result of mutual negotiation between the switch and the server.

As shown in the following table, the data packet of the metro network mainly includes the following parts:

DA

SA

Reserved

label (R)

Payload

CRC

Namely Destination Address (DA), Source Address (SA), Reserved byte (Reserved), tag, payload (pdu), CRC. The format of the tag may be defined by reference to the following: the tag is 32 bits with the upper 16 bits reserved and only the lower 16 bits used, and its position is between the reserved bytes and payload of the packet.

Based on the above characteristics of the video network, one of the core concepts of the embodiments of the present application is provided, and a method and a product for playing video recording files in the video network at double speed in the internet are provided initiatively, following the protocol of the video network, an internet terminal accesses a platform MServer with a video network unified scheduling management function based on the GB/T28181 protocol, the MServer converts a first double-speed playing request for a specified video recording file sent by the internet terminal under an interface created based on the video recording double-speed playing protocol of the video network, so as to generate a second double-speed playing request recognizable by a video network monitoring sharing server and a streaming media server, and then the streaming media server pushes multimedia data corresponding to the specified video recording file to the video network monitoring sharing server at specified multiple times according to the second double-speed playing request, then the video network monitoring sharing server pushes the multimedia stream data to the internet terminal according to the specified multiple, and finally the internet terminal plays the multimedia stream data according to the specified multiple; according to the embodiment of the application, the video recording file of the video network can be played in the internet terminal at double speed in the mode, and the service scope of intercommunication between the internet and the video network is increased.

Meanwhile, the multimedia streaming data is pushed to the internet terminal by the video networking monitoring sharing server at a specified speed, so that signaling data such as message requests and the like are separately executed with the multimedia streaming data, and compared with a mode that the multimedia streaming data is forwarded by the MServer and pushed to the internet terminal, the embodiment of the application greatly reduces the occupation of the running memory of the MServer, reduces the influence on the running of the MServer, and can improve the processing speed of the MServer on the signaling data or other service function data; in addition, in the embodiment of the application, the signaling exchange submodule corresponding to the video recording double-speed playing service is established under the internet/video networking conversion service module of the MServer, and the signaling exchange submodule performs protocol conversion of signaling data, so that each management function of the MServer is more accurate and concise, and the problems of data conversion crosstalk and errors among the signaling exchange submodules of each service are reduced.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 5, a networking schematic diagram of a system for double-playing video recording in internet according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the system may be applied to a video network, where the video network includes a streaming media server01, a video network monitoring sharing server 02 and a video network scheduling platform MServer03 that are sequentially connected in communication with the streaming media server01 based on a video network protocol, and an internet terminal 04 that is respectively connected in communication with the video network monitoring sharing server 02 and the MServer03 based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol.

The streaming media server01 is an access device. It can communicate with a variety of external devices such as cell phones, tablets, desktops, notebooks, webcams, etc. By implementing functions such as management, control, protocol conversion, data conversion, resource allocation, and the like, various external devices can be seamlessly accessed into the video network. The streaming media server 02 supports a plurality of external devices to access to the video network simultaneously, and in the embodiment of the present application, the streaming media server 02 mainly communicates with the video server 05 based on the video network protocol and communicates with the third party platform 06 based on the internet protocol. In this embodiment, the streaming media server01 also includes a co-transformation server (also referred to as a monitoring access server), and when the third party platform 06 is an internet network camera, the co-transformation server in the streaming media server01 can convert the acquired internet multimedia stream of the network camera into a video network multimedia stream and send the video network multimedia stream to other devices in the video network, such as the video network monitoring sharing server 02.

The multimedia stream referred to herein includes a multimedia stream and an audio stream.

The video server 05 mentioned above is a server storing video data in a video network, and can communicate with each monitoring camera to process, convert, and store the video data collected by the monitoring camera.

The third party platform 06 is a product of a video monitoring manufacturer participating in the GB/T28181 protocol, such as the products of dawa in zhejiang, advanced video, bobble technology, huaji technology, and so on.

The video networking monitoring sharing server 02 is also named as a sharing platform, can also be understood as a gateway, and is a device which can be responsible for converting a video code stream of the video networking monitoring device 04 into a video code stream of a real-time transport protocol (RTP) protocol load, and can be used for sharing video networking video to the monitoring platform based on RTP protocol transmission. The video networking monitoring sharing server 02 in the embodiment of the application can communicate with the internet terminal 04 based on an internet protocol, and send the converted multi-speed specified by the multimedia stream data corresponding to the video networking video recording file to the internet terminal 04.

MServer03 belongs to a general management system in the video network, which is called as a video network monitoring network management scheduling platform, and comprises a plurality of service modules, which can be responsible for the unified management of all accessed monitoring devices in the whole video network and the docking service of a national standard (GB/T28181) platform monitoring system. In the embodiment of the application, the MServer03 is mainly used for converting a message request sent by the internet terminal 04 based on the GB/T28181 protocol into a message request based on the video recording multiple playing protocol of the video network. In specific implementation, the MServer03 establishes a signaling exchange sub-module corresponding to a specific service (for example, video is played according to a specified multiple) in the internet/video conversion service module, and converts the message signaling from internet data to video data, or converts the message signaling from video data to internet data.

The internet terminal 04 refers in particular to a terminal product capable of completing internet services, and is a product composed of customized hardware, an operating system running on the customized hardware, and application software, where the hardware may be a mobile phone, a tablet, a desktop, a notebook, and the like, and the software may be an application client or a web page.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 6, a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for double-playing video recording in internet according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method may be applied to video networks, and in particular, may be applied to MServer03 shown in fig. 5, and the method may specifically include the following steps:

step S601: the MServer receives a first speed playing request sent by an internet terminal; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing is received, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

in the embodiment of the present application, the internet terminal 04 has a display interface, and the display interface may be a client or a web page.

The triggering operation of the video networking video recording double-speed playing mentioned in the embodiment of the application can be a video selected by a user on a display interface of the internet terminal 04, and then a clicked video multiple playing button; or the name or address number of a certain video input in the display interface, and then a clicked button for playing the video in multiple.

The internet terminal 04 generates a first multiple-speed playing request (internet data) corresponding to the trigger operation according to the received trigger operation, wherein the first multiple-speed playing request comprises a video networking video recording file and an appointed multiple speed.

In order to enable an internet terminal to access the video network and play multimedia stream data of the video network in multiple, the embodiment of the application is provided with a multi-channel decoding IE plug-in the internet terminal 04, wherein the multi-channel decoding IE plug-in is a plug-in applet which is embedded in a running background of a video display and is communicated with the MServer03 based on a GB/T28181 protocol.

Therefore, the step of receiving the first double-speed play request sent by the internet terminal by the MServer03 may specifically include:

the MServer03 receives a first double-speed playing request sent by a multipath decoding IE plug-in; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the multi-path decoding IE plug-in when receiving the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing, and comprises a video networking video recording file and an appointed speed-doubling.

Step S602: the MServer generates a second speed doubling playing request according to the first speed doubling playing request; the second double-speed playing request comprises a video recording double-speed playing protocol based on a video network;

after receiving a first double-speed playing request sent by an internet terminal 04 based on a GB/T28181 protocol, in order to enable the message request to be identified and executed by the video network monitoring sharing server 02 and the streaming media server01, the MServer03 needs to convert the message request, and when the message request is specifically converted, a video recording double-speed playing rule is added to the video network protocol according to the video network protocol communicating with the video network monitoring sharing server 02 and the streaming media server01 to form a video recording double-speed playing protocol based on the video network, and a signaling switching sub-module corresponding to the video recording double-speed playing service is established in the internet/video network conversion service module, and the signaling switching sub-module can convert the first double-speed playing request into a second double-speed playing request (video network data).

Step S603: the MServer sends the second double-speed playing request to a video networking monitoring shared server; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for transmitting the second double-speed playing request to a streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data to the Internet terminal at a specified speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

Correspondingly, the MServer01 sends the converted second speed-doubling play request to the video networking monitoring sharing server 02, and after the video networking monitoring sharing server 02 passes through, the streaming media server01 replies the second speed-doubling play request. If the service protocol of the second double-speed play request is correct, or the network communication is normal, etc., the streaming media server01 generally approves the second double-speed play request, and returns an approval request (double-speed play approval message).

In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a method for the MServer03 to feed back a double-speed play approval message to the internet terminal 04 is disclosed, and the method may specifically include the following steps:

the MServer03 receives a double-speed playing agreement message (video networking data) transmitted by the video networking monitoring sharing server; wherein the multiple speed play approval message (video networking data) is generated by the streaming media server when the second multiple speed play request is approved;

the MServer03 feeds back the multiple speed playing agreement message (Internet data) to the Internet terminal; the internet terminal is used for displaying the multiple-speed playing agreement message (internet data).

When the MServer03 feeds back the multiple-speed playing agreement message (internet data) to the internet terminal 04, the multiple-speed playing agreement message (internet data) is converted into an internet protocol-based multiple-speed playing agreement message (internet data) in the signaling exchange sub-module of the video recording multiple-speed playing service established before.

And when the streaming media server01 agrees to the second double-speed playing request, pushing multimedia stream data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring and sharing server 02 at the specified double speed.

The multimedia stream data in the embodiment of the present application mainly originates from the video recording server 05 and the third party platform 06.

For the video recording server 05, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, a possible way is provided that when multimedia stream data originates from the video recording server 05, the streaming media server01 pushes the multimedia stream data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server 02 at a specified double speed, and the steps may specifically include:

the first substep: the streaming media server01 is configured to generate a first multimedia stream acquisition instruction (video networking data) corresponding to the video networking video recording file when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

and a second substep: the streaming media server01 is configured to receive multimedia stream data (video network multimedia stream data) returned by the video recording server 05 for the first multimedia stream acquisition instruction;

and a third substep: the streaming media server01 is configured to push the multimedia stream data (video network multimedia stream data) to the video network monitoring sharing server 02 at a specified multiple speed.

For the third party platform 06, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, another possible way is provided that when multimedia stream data originates from the third party platform 06, the streaming media server01 pushes the multimedia stream data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring and sharing server 02 at a specified double speed, and the step may specifically include the following sub-steps:

and a fourth substep: the streaming media server is used for generating a second multimedia stream acquisition instruction (internet data) corresponding to the video networking video recording file when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

the second multimedia stream acquiring instruction is that the streaming media server01 converts the acquiring instruction (video network data) corresponding to the video network video recording file into the second multimedia stream acquiring instruction (internet data) based on the GB/T28181 protocol.

And a fifth substep: the streaming media server is used for receiving multimedia stream data (internet multimedia stream data) returned by the third party platform 06 for the second multimedia stream acquisition instruction;

here, the multimedia stream data (internet multimedia stream data) transmitted by the third party platform 06 is mainly received in real time by the collaboration server in the streaming server01, and then the internet protocol-based multimedia stream data (internet multimedia stream data) is converted into the video network protocol-based multimedia stream data (video network multimedia stream data).

And a sixth substep: the streaming media server01 is configured to push the multimedia stream data (video network multimedia stream data) to the video network monitoring sharing server 02 at a specified multiple speed.

Then, the video network monitoring and sharing server 02 converts the multimedia stream (video network multimedia stream data) into multimedia stream data (internet multimedia stream data) based on an internet protocol and pushes the multimedia stream data to the internet terminal at a specified speed; and the multi-path decoding IE plug-in the Internet terminal 04 receives the multimedia stream data (Internet multimedia stream data) according to the specified multiple speed, transmits the multimedia stream data to an audio and video decoder for decoding, and plays the multimedia stream data according to the specified multiple speed.

Through the steps S601 to S603, a mode of playing video records of the video network at a specified multiple speed in the internet is illustrated from the perspective of MServer03, and the embodiment of the present application initiatively provides a method for playing video record files in the video network at a specified multiple speed in the internet, so as to increase the service scope of intercommunication between the internet and the video network; meanwhile, the multimedia stream data is pushed to the internet terminal 04 by the video networking monitoring sharing server 02 at a specified multiple speed, so that signaling data such as message requests and the like are separately executed, compared with a mode that the multimedia stream data is forwarded by the MServer03 and pushed to the internet terminal 04, the embodiment of the application greatly reduces the occupation of the operating memory of the MServer03, reduces the influence on the operation of the MServer 3526, and can improve the processing speed of the MServer03 on the signaling data or other service function data; in addition, in the embodiment of the application, the signaling exchange submodule corresponding to the video recording double-speed playing service is established under the internet/video networking conversion service module of the MServer03, and the signaling exchange submodule performs protocol conversion of signaling data, so that each management function of the MServer03 is more accurate and concise, and the problems of data conversion crosstalk and errors among the signaling exchange submodules of each service are reduced.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 7, a flowchart illustrating steps of another method for double-playing video recording in internet according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method may be applied to a video network, and in particular, may be applied to the video network monitoring shared server 02 shown in fig. 5, and the method may specifically include the following steps:

step S701: the video networking monitoring sharing server receives a second double-speed playing request sent by the MServer; the MServer generates a second double-speed playing request according to a first double-speed playing request sent by an Internet terminal and based on a video recording double-speed playing protocol of a video network; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the Internet terminal receives the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

step S702: the video networking monitoring sharing server transparently transmits the second double-speed playing request to a streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

step S703: the video networking monitoring sharing server pushes the multimedia streaming data to the internet terminal at a specified speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

The embodiment of the application illustrates a mode of playing video recording of the video network at a specified double speed in the internet from the perspective of the video network monitoring sharing server 02 through steps S701 to S703, creatively provides a method for playing video recording files in the video network at the specified double speed in the internet, and increases the service scope of intercommunication between the internet and the video network; detailed description of the preferred embodimentsreference is made to example 2 and will not be explained herein for the sake of brevity.

Meanwhile, the multimedia stream data is pushed to the internet terminal 04 by the video networking monitoring sharing server 02 at a specified multiple speed, so that signaling data such as message requests and the like are separately executed, compared with a mode that the multimedia stream data is forwarded by the MServer03 and pushed to the internet terminal 04, the embodiment of the application greatly reduces the occupation of the operating memory of the MServer03, reduces the influence on the operation of the MServer 3526, and can improve the processing speed of the MServer03 on the signaling data or other service function data; in addition, in the embodiment of the application, the signaling exchange submodule corresponding to the video recording double-speed playing service is established under the internet/video networking conversion service module of the MServer03, and the signaling exchange submodule performs protocol conversion of signaling data, so that each management function of the MServer03 is more accurate and concise, and the problems of data conversion crosstalk and errors among the signaling exchange submodules of each service are reduced.

It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments are not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently depending on the embodiments. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required of the embodiments of the application.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 8, corresponding to the method in embodiment 2, a block diagram of a device for double-playing video recording in internet according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the device may be applied to video networking, and may specifically be applied to MServer03 shown in fig. 5, where the MServer03 may specifically include the following modules:

a first multiple speed playing request receiving module 801, configured to receive a first multiple speed playing request sent by an internet terminal; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing is received, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

a second multiple speed playing request generating module 802, configured to generate a second multiple speed playing request according to the first multiple speed playing request; the second double-speed playing request comprises a video recording double-speed playing protocol based on a video network;

a second double-speed playing request sending module 803, configured to send the second double-speed playing request to a video networking monitoring shared server; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for transmitting the second double-speed playing request to a streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request; the video networking monitoring sharing server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data to the Internet terminal at a specified speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 9, corresponding to the method in embodiment 3, a block diagram of another apparatus for double-playing video recording in internet according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus may be applied in a video network, and specifically, may be applied in the video network monitoring shared server 02 shown in fig. 5, and the video network monitoring shared server 02 may specifically include the following modules:

a second double-speed playing request receiving module 901, configured to receive a second double-speed playing request sent by the MServer; the MServer generates a second double-speed playing request according to a first double-speed playing request sent by an Internet terminal and based on a video recording double-speed playing protocol of a video network; the first speed-doubling playing request is generated by the Internet terminal when the Internet terminal receives the triggering operation of video networking video recording speed-doubling playing, and comprises a video networking video recording file and a specified speed-doubling;

a second double-speed play request transparent transmission module 902, configured to transmit the second double-speed play request to the streaming media server; the streaming media server is used for pushing multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at a specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double-speed playing request;

a multimedia stream multiple pushing module 903, configured to push the multimedia stream data to the internet terminal at a specified multiple speed; and the internet terminal is used for playing the multimedia stream data at a specified double speed.

one or more processors; and

For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

Embodiments of the present application are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable terminal provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the true scope of the embodiments of the application.

Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element.

The method for double-playing video network video recording in the internet and the device for double-playing video network video recording in the internet are introduced in detail, specific examples are applied in the text to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the application, and the description of the above embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A method for double-playing video networking video records in the Internet is characterized in that the method is applied to a video networking, the video networking comprises a streaming media server, a video networking monitoring sharing server and a video networking dispatching platform MServer which are sequentially connected with the streaming media server in a communication mode based on a video networking protocol, and an Internet terminal which is respectively connected with the video networking monitoring sharing server and the MServer in a communication mode based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol, and the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the internet terminal comprises a multi-decoding IE plugin; the step that the MServer receives a first double-speed playing request sent by the Internet terminal comprises the following steps:

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the video network further comprises a video recording server communicatively coupled to the streaming media server based on a video networking protocol; the step that the streaming media server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at the specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double speed playing request comprises the following steps:

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the video network further comprises a third party platform communicatively coupled to the streaming media server based on an internet protocol; the step that the streaming media server is used for pushing the multimedia streaming data corresponding to the video recording file of the video network to the video network monitoring sharing server at the specified double speed when the streaming media server agrees to the second double speed playing request comprises the following steps:

6. A method for double-playing video networking video records in the Internet is characterized in that the method is applied to a video networking, the video networking comprises a streaming media server, a video networking monitoring sharing server and a video networking dispatching platform MServer which are sequentially connected with the streaming media server in a communication mode based on a video networking protocol, and an Internet terminal which is respectively connected with the video networking monitoring sharing server and the MServer in a communication mode based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol, and the method comprises the following steps:

7. The device for double-broadcasting video networking video records in the Internet is applied to the video networking, the video networking comprises a streaming media server, a video networking monitoring sharing server and a video networking dispatching platform MServer which are sequentially in communication connection with the streaming media server based on a video networking protocol, and an Internet terminal which is respectively in communication connection with the video networking monitoring sharing server and the MServer based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol, wherein the MServer comprises the following modules:

8. The device for double-broadcasting video networking video records in the Internet is characterized in that the device is applied to a video networking, the video networking comprises a streaming media server, a video networking monitoring shared server, a video networking dispatching platform MServer and an Internet terminal, wherein the video networking monitoring shared server and the video networking dispatching platform MServer are sequentially in communication connection with the streaming media server based on a video networking protocol, the Internet terminal is respectively in communication connection with the video networking monitoring shared server and the MServer based on a national standard GB/T28181 protocol, and the video networking monitoring shared server comprises the following modules:

9. An apparatus for double-playing video-networked video recordings in the internet, comprising:

one or more processors; and

one or more machine-readable media having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 1-6.

10. A machine-readable medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.